CN103299801B - Standardized cultivation method for vine tea - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a standardized cultivation method for a vine tea, which comprises the following steps: adopting original branches of a wild vine tea to obtain young seedlings of the vine tea through cutting propagation; cultivating and managing the young seedlings of the vine tea; inducting plants of the vine tea at intervals by spraying drugs; and cultivating and managing the plants of the vine tea. According to the method, seedlings of the vine tea are not additionally required to be planted, the plant cost of the vine tea is greatly lowered, and the production of the vine tea is increased; the economical benefit is significantly improved; planting for once can gain vine tea leaves for years; and by conducting blossom-control management, the vine tea is allowed not to blossom, leaves of the vine tea cannot be smaller, the production of the leaves of the vine tea cannot be affected, and therefore, branches of the vine tea are not required to be cut in large scale, so as to protect resources of local wild vine tea, and better protect the excellent local original ecological environment in Zhangjiajie.

Description

Mao Yan certain kind of berries standardized cultivation method

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of long-term standardized cultivation management Mao Yan certain kind of berries bred by Mao Yan certain kind of berries method from seedling, belong to technical field of agricultural cultivation.

Background technology

The Mao Yan certain kind of berries has another name called Tujia's sweet dew, Tujia god tea, Premna microphylla Turez etc.Its active ingredient is dibydro myricetrin, flavones mainly, 14 kinds of trace elements such as 17 seed amino acids simultaneously containing needed by human such as leucine, isoleucine, methionine and potassium, calcium, iron, zinc, selenium, wherein flavones highest detection content is 9.31%, that in all plants found at present, flavones content is the highest, by " king of flavones " that claim in plant.

Flavones is extensively present in plant, is many medium-height grass the effective elements of the medicines, has sterilization anti-inflammatory, clearing heat and detoxicating, analgesia detumescence, blood fat-reducing blood pressure-decreasing, the cough-relieving that wets one's whistle, function such as raising body immunity etc.Very strong ability of killing is had to Staphylococcus aureus, first, beta streptococcus, Diplococcus pneumopniae, Bacillus influenzae etc., harmful sour phthalein and the ketoboidies of human body can be discharged, eliminate the blood dirt in blood, adjusting blood lipid, blood pressure, softening blood vessel, adjustment renal function, strengthen the heavily absorption of renal tubule; Particularly treat the infection of the upper respiratory tract, acute/chronic pharyngitis, bronchitis successful.Flavones is fast human body metabolism, do not accumulate, and human body self can not synthesize, so we need often to supplement.Maoyanmei tea adopts this pure natural wild plant Mao Yan certain kind of berries exactly, adopts Tujia's tradition method for preparing tea to process in conjunction with modern science tea-manufacturing technology is refining.Have anti-inflammation and sterilization, reducing blood lipid, softening blood vessel, Antiaggregating activity on platelet, antithrombotic, antitumor, regulate stomach, to nervous system disease successful.

The Mao Yan certain kind of berries have three to fall, the effect such as three anti-, three adjustments.Fall blood to glue: Antiaggregating activity on platelet, reduce plasma fibrinogen concentration, strengthen ED and play reducing blood viscosity.Hypotensive: by expanding large and small artery and playing hypotensive effect at fundamentally softening blood vessel.Hypoglycemic: to impel histocyte brute force to utilize blood sugar, activation pancreatic functions, promotes islet cells secrete.Antithrombotic: thrombolysis, antithrombotic.Antitumor: inducing apoptosis of tumour cell, inhibition cancer cell grow, in and carcinogen.Anti-ageing: to catch free radical, prevent the oxidative damage of radical pair brain, cardiac muscle and vascular endothelial cell.Adjusting blood lipid: reduce triglycerides, cholesterol, increasing high density lipoprotein.Hypotensive, reducing blood viscosity.Immunity moderation: activating immune cell, improves resistance against diseases.Regulate stomach: kill intestines and stomach helicobacter pylori, suppress gastrointestinal bacterial flora imbalance.Killing pathogenic bacteria, anti-infective, prevent gastroenteritis, look up with eyes wide open inflammation.

The Mao Yan certain kind of berries takes female parent from overhanging cliff or high hillside, by cuttage branch seedling, after 3 years cultivate, just can reach high yield.Start after high yield to bloom, Mao Yan certain kind of berries young leaves through Post flowering starts atrophy again, must again cultivate new seedling again, this is also the difficult problem allowing research staff never break through in output, just because of this growth individual character of Mao Yan certain kind of berries plant determines its preciousness.Originally the growth that Mao Yan certain kind of berries plant is only sparse grows in overhanging cliff or high hillside, and breeding slowly specially for rareness, to such an extent as to can only adopt the product quality of the original branch guarantee Mao Yan certain kind of berries now on specific hillside.We, in order to provide Mao Yan certain kind of berries seedling in a large number and keep consistency, do not destroy again local wild plant data, provide a kind of true practicable sapling multiplication and implantation methods.

Summary of the invention

The technical solution used in the present invention comprises: get the original branch of the wild Mao Yan certain kind of berries and obtain Mao Yan certain kind of berries seedling, Mao Yan certain kind of berries seedling cultivation management, spraying medicine interval induction Mao Yan certain kind of berries plant and the management of Mao Yan certain kind of berries plant culture through cottage propagation.

Therefore, the invention provides the long-term specification cultivation method of a kind of Mao Yan certain kind of berries, step comprises:

(1) selection of soil: moistening fertile, preserve moisture and fertility power is strong, quality is loosened, substantially in neutral sand loam or garden mould, front stubble can be gramineous plants and crucifer, and front stubble can not be plant of Solanaceae;

(2) wholely: first winter in year ploughs deeply 150cm, and 150cm opens railway carriage or compartment, surface is whole carefully rakes;

(3) Mao Yan certain kind of berries cuttage and seedling culture: get wild Mao Yan certain kind of berries branch at 10 ~ 40 cm, after carrying out immersion 30 ~ 60min with rooting powder solution, by the Mao Yan certain kind of berries branch cutting after process on nursery sand soil bed, humidity is 70 ~ 80%, cultivation temperature 23 ~ 27 DEG C, illumination every day 8 hours, intensity of illumination 1000LX, after 3 months, rooting rate can reach more than 90%;

(4) method of transplanting seedlings of the Mao Yan certain kind of berries: after transplanting land for growing field crops according to the requirement of spacing in the rows 100cm, line-spacing 100cm about annual 3 ~ April, 6 ~ September covers with two-layer sunshade net, and adopts dropper mode to carry out moisturizing;

(5) extermination of disease and insect pest: Mao Yan certain kind of berries leaf curl occurs, sprays the safe water dispersible granules of 25% Acker 2500 ~ 5000 times of liquid at sick cave place; Mao Yan certain kind of berries anthracnose occurs, and sprays 50% carbendazim 600-, 800 times of liquid at sick cave place, and spray in every 5 ~ 7 days 1 time, connects spray 2 ~ 3 times;

(6) weeding and rich water quality management: see that grass just pulls out, separated in time uses fertilizer needed for the Mao Yan certain kind of berries, and every mu applies 1:3 people and animals liquid dung 1000 ~ 1500kg, every minor tick about 30 days.May enters rainy season, and timely ditch cleaning draining, as prolonged drought, should water in time, water can pour into by the place that condition is good to be enclosed in ditch, and discharged by water after permeable 1 evening (evening 6 is to point on next day 8), the depth of water is to be advisable lower than face, railway carriage or compartment 5 cm;

(7) management of the next year Mao Yan certain kind of berries: late March ~ early April, after the Mao Yan certain kind of berries regerminates, every mu applies 1:3 people and animals liquid dung 1000 kg, every minor tick about 30 days, removing weeds;

(8) pluck the management of the Mao Yan certain kind of berries: later annual late June ~ early September, pluck the older blade of the Mao Yan certain kind of berries and be used for Maoyanmei tea leaf and make, after plucking Mao Yan certain kind of berries blade, every mu applies 1:3 people and animals liquid dung 1000 kg, every minor tick about 30 days, removing weeds;

(9) the Mao Yan certain kind of berries controls to bloom management: every minor tick carries out process Mao Yan certain kind of berries plant for 3 years, and after harvesting Mao Yan certain kind of berries blade, do not carry out fertilise, and carry out sprinkling growth promotion solution, every mu is sprayed 50 kg, and every minor tick about 10 days, sprays three times;

(10) management of moisture: after (9) step process is complete, ditching from Mao Yan certain kind of berries plant 30-35cm place, ditch depth, at more than 50cm, does not keep the skin wet in addition, adopting plastic covering to take shelter from rain when raining, to take shelter from rain measure to carrying out removal plastics about next year the middle ten days in March;

(11) rich water quality management: after (10) step process is complete, carries out conventional fertilizer water management by (6) step, carries out the Mao Yan certain kind of berries pluck management by (8) step.

In a specific embodiment, described in step poly-(3), rooting powder solution is 1 ~ 4 %(kg/L) aqueous solution of root-inducing powder.

In a specific embodiment, described in step poly-(9), growth promotion solution is 0.1-0.5%(kg/L) 2, the 4-D aqueous solution.

technique effect

1, the present invention does not need to plant Mao Yan certain kind of berries seedling in addition, and Mao Yan certain kind of berries planting cost reduces greatly, and the output of Mao Yan certain kind of berries leaf rises, and its remarkable in economical benefits improves.

2, once plantation can gather in the crops Maoyanmei tea leaf for many years.

3, by promoting the processing mode of cell proliferation rate under most evil cacogenesis's elongate member of lack of water, fertilizer deficiency, consuming the nutrient component in plant corpus greatly, destroying the flowering conditions of the Mao Yan certain kind of berries, extend the vegetative growth phase of the Mao Yan certain kind of berries.

, by the Mao Yan certain kind of berries is carried out control floral tube reason; the Mao Yan certain kind of berries is not bloomed; Mao Yan certain kind of berries blade can not diminish; the output of Mao Yan certain kind of berries blade can not be affected; therefore do not need to carry out scale and fell Mao Yan certain kind of berries branch; protect the resource of the local wild Mao Yan certain kind of berries, better protect the local ecosystem excellent environment in Zhangjiajie.

Embodiment

Below, the present invention will be further detailed by embodiment, but it is not limited to any one or similar example of these embodiments.

Embodiment 1:

Select moistening fertile, preserve moisture and fertility power is strong, quality is loosened, substantially in neutral sand loam or garden mould, front stubble can be gramineous plants and crucifer, and front stubble can not be plant of Solanaceae.First winter in year ploughs deeply 150cm, and 150cm opens railway carriage or compartment, and surface is whole carefully rakes.Get wild Mao Yan certain kind of berries branch at 10 ~ 40 cm, after carrying out immersion 30 ~ 60min with 2% rooting powder solution, by the Mao Yan certain kind of berries branch cutting after process on nursery sand soil bed, humidity is 70 ~ 80%, cultivation temperature 23 ~ 27 DEG C, illumination every day 8 hours, intensity of illumination 1000LX, after 3 months, rooting rate can reach more than 90%.After transplanting land for growing field crops according to the requirement of spacing in the rows 100cm, line-spacing 100cm about annual 3 ~ April, 6 ~ September covers with two-layer sunshade net, and adopts dropper mode to carry out moisturizing.Mao Yan certain kind of berries leaf curl occurs, and sprays the safe water dispersible granules of 25% Acker 2500 ~ 5000 times of liquid at sick cave place; Mao Yan certain kind of berries anthracnose occurs, and sprays 50% carbendazim 600-, 800 times of liquid at sick cave place, and spray in every 5 ~ 7 days 1 time, connects spray 2 ~ 3 times.See that grass just pulls out, separated in time uses fertilizer needed for the Mao Yan certain kind of berries, and every mu applies 1:3 people and animals liquid dung 1000 ~ 1500kg, every minor tick about 30 days.May enters rainy season, and timely ditch cleaning draining, as prolonged drought, should water in time, water can pour into by the place that condition is good to be enclosed in ditch, and discharged by water after permeable 1 evening (evening 6 is to point on next day 8), the depth of water is to be advisable lower than face, railway carriage or compartment 5 cm.Annual late March ~ early April, after the Mao Yan certain kind of berries regerminates, every mu applies 1:3 people and animals liquid dung 1000 kg, every minor tick about 30 days, removing weeds.Later annual late June ~ early September, pluck the older blade of the Mao Yan certain kind of berries and be used for Maoyanmei tea leaf and make, after plucking Mao Yan certain kind of berries blade, every mu applies 1:3 people and animals liquid dung 1000 kg, every minor tick about 30 days, removing weeds.Every minor tick carries out process Mao Yan certain kind of berries plant for 3 years, and after harvesting Mao Yan certain kind of berries blade, do not carry out fertilise, and carry out 2 of sprinkling 0.3%, the 4-D aqueous solution, every mu is sprayed 50 kg, and every minor tick about 10 days, sprays three times.Ditching from Mao Yan certain kind of berries plant 30-35cm place, ditch depth, at more than 50cm, does not keep the skin wet in addition, adopts plastic covering to take shelter from rain when raining, and to take shelter from rain measure to carrying out removal plastics about next year the middle ten days in March.Every mu applies 1:3 people and animals liquid dung 1000 ~ 1500kg, every minor tick about 30 days.May enters rainy season, and timely ditch cleaning draining, as prolonged drought, should water in time, water can pour into by the place that condition is good to be enclosed in ditch, and discharged by water after permeable 1 evening (evening 6 is to point on next day 8), the depth of water is to be advisable lower than face, railway carriage or compartment 5 cm.Annual late June ~ early September, pluck the Mao Yan certain kind of berries older blade and be used for Maoyanmei tea leaf and make, after plucking Mao Yan certain kind of berries blade, every mu applies 1:3 people and animals liquid dung 1000 kg, every minor tick about 30 days, removing weeds.

Embodiment 2

Select moistening fertile, preserve moisture and fertility power is strong, quality is loosened, substantially in neutral sand loam or garden mould, front stubble can be gramineous plants and crucifer, and front stubble can not be plant of Solanaceae.First winter in year ploughs deeply 150cm, and 150cm opens railway carriage or compartment, and surface is whole carefully rakes.Get wild Mao Yan certain kind of berries branch at 10 ~ 40 cm, after carrying out immersion 30 ~ 60min with 3.5% rooting powder solution, by the Mao Yan certain kind of berries branch cutting after process on nursery sand soil bed, humidity is 70 ~ 80%, cultivation temperature 23 ~ 27 DEG C, illumination every day 8 hours, intensity of illumination 1000LX, after 3 months, rooting rate can reach more than 90%.After transplanting land for growing field crops according to the requirement of spacing in the rows 100cm, line-spacing 100cm about annual 3 ~ April, 6 ~ September covers with two-layer sunshade net, and adopts dropper mode to carry out moisturizing.Mao Yan certain kind of berries leaf curl occurs, and sprays the safe water dispersible granules of 25% Acker 2500 ~ 5000 times of liquid at sick cave place; Mao Yan certain kind of berries anthracnose occurs, and sprays 50% carbendazim 600-, 800 times of liquid at sick cave place, and spray in every 5 ~ 7 days 1 time, connects spray 2 ~ 3 times.See that grass just pulls out, separated in time uses fertilizer needed for the Mao Yan certain kind of berries, and every mu applies 1:3 people and animals liquid dung 1000 ~ 1500kg, every minor tick about 30 days.May enters rainy season, and timely ditch cleaning draining, as prolonged drought, should water in time, water can pour into by the place that condition is good to be enclosed in ditch, and discharged by water after permeable 1 evening (evening 6 is to point on next day 8), the depth of water is to be advisable lower than face, railway carriage or compartment 5 cm.Annual late March ~ early April, after the Mao Yan certain kind of berries regerminates, every mu applies 1:3 people and animals liquid dung 1000 kg, every minor tick about 30 days, removing weeds.Later annual late June ~ early September, pluck the older blade of the Mao Yan certain kind of berries and be used for Maoyanmei tea leaf and make, after plucking Mao Yan certain kind of berries blade, every mu applies 1:3 people and animals liquid dung 1000 kg, every minor tick about 30 days, removing weeds.Every minor tick carries out process Mao Yan certain kind of berries plant for 3 years, and after harvesting Mao Yan certain kind of berries blade, do not carry out fertilise, and carry out 2 of sprinkling 0.5%, the 4-D aqueous solution, every mu is sprayed 50 kg, and every minor tick about 10 days, sprays three times.Ditching from Mao Yan certain kind of berries plant 30-35cm place, ditch depth, at more than 50cm, does not keep the skin wet in addition, adopts plastic covering to take shelter from rain when raining, and to take shelter from rain measure to carrying out removal plastics about next year the middle ten days in March.Every mu applies 1:3 people and animals liquid dung 1000 ~ 1500kg, every minor tick about 30 days.May enters rainy season, and timely ditch cleaning draining, as prolonged drought, should water in time, water can pour into by the place that condition is good to be enclosed in ditch, and discharged by water after permeable 1 evening (evening 6 is to point on next day 8), the depth of water is to be advisable lower than face, railway carriage or compartment 5 cm.Annual late June ~ early September, pluck the Mao Yan certain kind of berries older blade and be used for Maoyanmei tea leaf and make, after plucking Mao Yan certain kind of berries blade, every mu applies 1:3 people and animals liquid dung 1000 kg, every minor tick about 30 days, removing weeds.

Claims (1)

1. Mao Yan certain kind of berries standardized cultivation method, step comprises:

(1) selection of soil: moistening fertile, preserve moisture and fertility power is strong, quality is loosened, neutral sand loam or garden mould, front stubble is gramineous plants and crucifer, and front stubble can not be plant of Solanaceae;

(2) wholely: first winter in year ploughs deeply 150cm, and 150cm opens railway carriage or compartment, surface is whole carefully rakes;

(3) Mao Yan certain kind of berries cuttage and seedling culture: get wild Mao Yan certain kind of berries branch at 10 ~ 40 cm, after carrying out immersion 30 ~ 60min with rooting powder solution, by the Mao Yan certain kind of berries branch cutting after process on nursery sand soil bed, humidity is 70 ~ 80%, cultivation temperature 23 ~ 27 DEG C, illumination every day 8 hours, intensity of illumination 1000LX, after 3 months, rooting rate can reach more than 90%;

(4) method of transplanting seedlings of the Mao Yan certain kind of berries: after transplanting land for growing field crops according to the requirement of spacing in the rows 100cm, line-spacing 100cm annual 3 ~ April, 6 ~ September covers with two-layer sunshade net, and adopts dropper mode to carry out moisturizing;

(5) extermination of disease and insect pest: Mao Yan certain kind of berries leaf curl occurs, sprays the safe water dispersible granules of 25% Acker 2500 ~ 5000 times of liquid at sick cave place; Mao Yan certain kind of berries anthracnose occurs, and sprays 50% carbendazim, 600 ~ 800 times of liquid at sick cave place, and spray in every 5 ~ 7 days 1 time, connects spray 2 ~ 3 times;

(6) weeding and rich water quality management: see that grass just pulls out, every minor tick uses fertilizer needed for the Mao Yan certain kind of berries in 30 days, every mu applies 1:3 people and animals liquid dung 1000 ~ 1500kg, May enters rainy season, timely ditch cleaning draining, as prolonged drought, should water in time, water pours into by the place that condition is good to be enclosed in ditch, and discharged by water after evening 6 to permeable 1 evening on next day 8, the depth of water is to be advisable lower than face, railway carriage or compartment 5 cm;

(7) management of the next year Mao Yan certain kind of berries: late March ~ early April, after the Mao Yan certain kind of berries regerminates, every mu applies 1:3 people and animals liquid dung 1000 kg, every minor tick 30 days, removing weeds;

(8) pluck the management of the Mao Yan certain kind of berries: later annual late June ~ early September, pluck the older blade of the Mao Yan certain kind of berries and be used for Maoyanmei tea leaf and make, after plucking Mao Yan certain kind of berries blade, every mu applies 1:3 people and animals liquid dung 1000 kg, every minor tick 30 days, removing weeds;

(9) the Mao Yan certain kind of berries controls to bloom management: every minor tick carries out process Mao Yan certain kind of berries plant for 3 years, and after harvesting Mao Yan certain kind of berries blade, do not carry out fertilise, and carry out sprinkling growth promotion solution, every mu is sprayed 50 kg, and every minor tick 10 days, sprays three times;

(10) management of moisture: after (9) step process is complete, ditching from Mao Yan certain kind of berries plant 30 ~ 35cm place, ditch depth, at more than 50cm, does not keep the skin wet in addition, adopt plastic covering to take shelter from rain when raining, to carry out removal plastics the middle ten days in March to next year and to take shelter from rain measure;

(11) rich water quality management: after (10) step process is complete, carries out conventional fertilizer water management by (6) step, carries out the Mao Yan certain kind of berries pluck management by (8) step.