CN103270873B - Efficient interplanting method of paris polyphylla and maoyan berry - Google Patents
Efficient interplanting method of paris polyphylla and maoyan berry Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an efficient interplanting method of paris polyphylla and maoyan berry. The method is utilized and includes the steps that original branches of wild maoyan berry undergo cutting propagation and maoyan berry seedlings are obtained, the maoyan berry seedlings undergo cultivation management, drug is sprayed so as to induce maoyan berry plants at intervals, the maoyan berry plants undergo cultivation management, and the maoyan berry plants undergo interplanting with the paris polyphylla. According to the method, the maoyan berry seedlings do not need to be planted additionally, cost in planting the maoyan berry is greatly reduced, the yield of maoyan berry leaves is increased, and economical benefits of the maoyan berry leaves are obviously improved. Maoyan berry tea leaves can be harvested for many years through one-time planting, by flower controlling management of the maoyan berry, the maoyan berry does not bloom, the maoyan berry leaves do not become smaller, and the yield of the maoyan berry leaves will not be affected. Thus, massive cutting of maoyan berry branches is not needed, local wild maoyan berry resources are protected, and the good local original-ecology environment of Zhangjiajie is better protected. The process of ditching and the process of harvesting the paris polyphylla are integrated, labor cost is saved, the natural overshadowing effect in the growing process of the maoyan berry is fully utilized, and good growing spaces is provided for the paris polyphylla.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of long-term standardized cultivation management Mao Yan certain kind of berries bred by Mao Yan certain kind of berries method from seedling, and provide efficient interplanting method that is a kind of and paris polyphylla, belong to technical field of agricultural cultivation.
Background technology
The Mao Yan certain kind of berries has another name called Tujia's sweet dew, Tujia god tea, Premna microphylla Turez etc.Its active ingredient is dibydro myricetrin, flavones mainly, 14 kinds of trace elements such as 17 seed amino acids simultaneously containing needed by human such as leucine, isoleucine, methionine and potassium, calcium, iron, zinc, selenium, wherein flavones highest detection content is 9.31%, that in all plants found at present, flavones content is the highest, by " king of flavones " that claim in plant.
Flavones is extensively present in plant, is many medium-height grass the effective elements of the medicines, has sterilization anti-inflammatory, clearing heat and detoxicating, analgesia detumescence, blood fat-reducing blood pressure-decreasing, the cough-relieving that wets one's whistle, function such as raising body immunity etc.Very strong ability of killing is had to Staphylococcus aureus, first, beta streptococcus, Diplococcus pneumopniae, Bacillus influenzae etc., harmful sour phthalein and the ketoboidies of human body can be discharged, eliminate the blood dirt in blood, adjusting blood lipid, blood pressure, softening blood vessel, adjustment renal function, strengthen the heavily absorption of renal tubule; Particularly treat the infection of the upper respiratory tract, acute/chronic pharyngitis, bronchitis successful.Flavones is fast human body metabolism, do not accumulate, and human body self can not synthesize, so we need often to supplement.Maoyanmei tea adopts this pure natural wild plant Mao Yan certain kind of berries exactly, adopts Tujia's tradition method for preparing tea to process in conjunction with modern science tea-manufacturing technology is refining.Have anti-inflammation and sterilization, reducing blood lipid, softening blood vessel, Antiaggregating activity on platelet, antithrombotic, antitumor, regulate stomach, to nervous system disease successful.
The Mao Yan certain kind of berries have three to fall, the effect such as three anti-, three adjustments.Fall blood to glue: Antiaggregating activity on platelet, reduce plasma fibrinogen concentration, strengthen ED and play reducing blood viscosity.Hypotensive: by expanding large and small artery and playing hypotensive effect at fundamentally softening blood vessel.Hypoglycemic: to impel histocyte brute force to utilize blood sugar, activation pancreatic functions, promotes islet cells secrete.Antithrombotic: thrombolysis, antithrombotic.Antitumor: inducing apoptosis of tumour cell, inhibition cancer cell grow, in and carcinogen.Anti-ageing: to catch free radical, prevent the oxidative damage of radical pair brain, cardiac muscle and vascular endothelial cell.Adjusting blood lipid: reduce triglycerides, cholesterol, increasing high density lipoprotein.Hypotensive, reducing blood viscosity.Immunity moderation: activating immune cell, improves resistance against diseases.Regulate stomach: kill intestines and stomach helicobacter pylori, suppress gastrointestinal bacterial flora imbalance.Killing pathogenic bacteria, anti-infective, prevent gastroenteritis, look up with eyes wide open inflammation.
Paris polyphylla, have another name called schefflera arboricola, for liliaceous plant, plant Latin and be called Paris polyphylla Smith, be a kind of ombrophyte, its medicinal effects is dry rhizome, the medicinal history of more than 2000 year is had in China, being recorded in each version pharmacopeia of China, is apply the conventional Chinese medicine very general, curative effect is conclusive simply, is applied in the formula and Chinese patent drug production of many medicines.
Paris polyphylla is perennial herb, and biomass is little, and under wild condition, reproduction coefficient is lower, higher to the requirement in habitat, distribution has certain region, be mainly distributed in bestow favour, Zhangjiajie, Yichang, Yun county sun, Xiangyang, Huang gang, the area such as Xianning, high 50-100 centimetre.Root-like stock is sturdy, coniform or cylindric, slightly can reach 3 centimetres, the most ring-type tubercle of tool, sepia, the most fibrous root of tool.Stem is upright, and cylindrical, not branch, base portion is often with purple.Leaf 7-10 sheet, wheel is born in stem top, Long Circle, ellipse or the shape of falling ovum lanceolar, long 7-15 centimetre, wide 2.5-5 centimetre, and tip urgency is sharp or wash rice is sharp, basal circular, rare wedge shape, and Quan Yuan, without hair; Usually purple look is with for the long 2-5 of petiole centimetre.Hua Dan is born in stem top, in verticillate blade upper end; The long 5-16(30 of bennet) centimetre; Foreign steamer tepal (sepal) 4-6, shape is large, like lobate, ellipticity lanceolar or ovum shape lanceolar, green, long 3.5-8 centimetre, inside takes turns tepal (petal) and degenerates in wire, tip often gradually point, isometric or be longer than sepal 2 times; Stamen 8-12 piece, filigree and flower pesticide are closely isometric, the long 0.5-1(2 of connective ledge) millimeter; Ovary is coniform, has 5-6 rib; Style tubbiness, 4-6 piece, purple, capsule is subsphaeroidal, and 3-6 lobe splits.Seed is most.The florescence 7-8 month, the fruit phase 9-10 month.
Paris polyphylla is mainly used in the aspects such as traumatic injury, snake bite, popular rib adenositis, tonsillitis, throat swollen are educated, tympanitis, Japanese Type-B encephalitis, cruchet's disease, has the effects such as anticancer, the swelling and pain relieving of relieving internal heat, heat-clearing arresting convulsion, antitussive and antiasthmatic.Annual requirement 1, more than 000 ton.Demand constantly increases in recent years, and annual production progressively excessively excavating of causing of lower amount; Paris polyphylla growth rate needs the plantation of five years slowly, and wild resource breeding is slow, and mainly with paris polyphylla seed and Propagation of Rhizomes, planting scale and cultivated area not quite, cause paris polyphylla output to be close to exhaustion.According to relevant department's display after national resources of natural crude drugs generaI investigation, wild paris polyphylla output is in the gesture of decline year by year.But the market demand of paris polyphylla strengthens year by year, within 2006, paris polyphylla commodity domestic market exchange hand is more than 700 tons, and comparatively sales volume in 2005 increases by 28%.Price in 2007 is 90 yuan ~ 100 yuan/kg, within 2009, rises to 170 yuan ~ 180 yuan/kg, within 2011, has risen to 310 yuan ~ 340 yuan/kg.
The Mao Yan certain kind of berries takes female parent from overhanging cliff or high hillside, by cuttage branch seedling, after 3 years cultivate, just can reach high yield.Start after high yield to bloom, Mao Yan certain kind of berries young leaves through Post flowering starts atrophy again, must again cultivate new seedling again, this is also the difficult problem allowing research staff never break through in output, just because of this growth individual character of Mao Yan certain kind of berries plant determines its preciousness.Originally the growth that Mao Yan certain kind of berries plant is only sparse grows in overhanging cliff or high hillside, and breeding slowly specially for rareness, to such an extent as to can only adopt the product quality of the original branch guarantee Mao Yan certain kind of berries now on specific hillside.We, in order to provide Mao Yan certain kind of berries seedling in a large number and keep consistency, do not destroy again local wild plant data, provide a kind of true practicable sapling multiplication and implantation methods.
In sum, it is still immature that technology planted by the cover of current paris polyphylla and the Mao Yan certain kind of berries, but also be not applicable to the method for large-scale production, fundamentally solve that paris polyphylla vegetative period is short, the root growth phase is short, yield poorly, results difficulty is large, recruitment cost is high, and damage by disease and insect harm is serious waits guardian technique.Do not reach reasonably combined, the managerial coordination of two kinds of medicinal material kinds and the complementation in fertilizer, water, sunlight demand.
Summary of the invention
The technical solution used in the present invention comprises: get the original branch of the wild Mao Yan certain kind of berries through cottage propagation obtain Mao Yan certain kind of berries seedling, Mao Yan certain kind of berries seedling cultivation management, the dense planting of paris polyphylla, spraying medicine interval induction Mao Yan certain kind of berries plant and the management of Mao Yan certain kind of berries plant culture and with the cover cultivating method of paris polyphylla.
Therefore, the invention provides the efficient cover cultivating method of paris polyphylla and the Mao Yan certain kind of berries, step comprises:
(1) selection of soil: moistening fertile, preserve moisture and fertility power is strong, quality is loosened, substantially in neutral sand loam or garden mould, front stubble can be gramineous plants and crucifer, and front stubble can not be plant of Solanaceae;
(2) wholely: first winter in year ploughs deeply 150cm, and 150cm opens railway carriage or compartment, surface is whole carefully rakes;
(3) Mao Yan certain kind of berries cuttage and seedling culture: get wild Mao Yan certain kind of berries branch at 10 ~ 40 cm, after carrying out immersion 30 ~ 60min with rooting powder solution, by the Mao Yan certain kind of berries branch cutting after process on nursery sand soil bed, humidity is 70 ~ 80%, cultivation temperature 23 ~ 27 DEG C, illumination every day 8 hours, intensity of illumination 1000LX, after 3 months, rooting rate can reach more than 90%;
(4) paris polyphylla nursery: adopt published tissue culture method to obtain paris polyphylla plantlet in vitro or published paris polyphylla seed seedling-raising method carries out nursery, the paris polyphylla seedling obtained also carries out dense planting, adopts organic fermentation fertilizer to carry out sunshade net cultivation for subsequent use;
(5) method of transplanting seedlings of the Mao Yan certain kind of berries: after transplanting land for growing field crops according to the requirement of spacing in the rows 100cm, line-spacing 100cm about annual 3 ~ April, 6 ~ September covers with two-layer sunshade net, and adopts dropper mode to carry out moisturizing;
(6) extermination of disease and insect pest: in conjunction with the extermination of disease and insect pest of paris polyphylla, finds that paris polyphylla virus disease occurs, in sick cave with 5% octicin solution aqua, or is extracted by diseased plant; If find chafer harm 90 % crystallization chlorophos, 800 ~ 1000 times of liquid, spray in every 5 ~ 7 days 1 time, connects spray 2 ~ 3 times;
(7) weeding and rich water quality management: see that grass just pulls out, separated in time uses fertilizer needed for the Mao Yan certain kind of berries, and every mu applies 1:3 fermentation people and animals liquid dung 1000 ~ 1500kg, every minor tick about 30 days.May enters rainy season, and timely ditch cleaning draining, as prolonged drought, should water in time, water can pour into by the place that condition is good to be enclosed in ditch, and discharged by water after permeable 1 evening (evening 6 is to point on next day 8), the depth of water is to be advisable lower than face, railway carriage or compartment 5 cm.Paris polyphylla can be applied fertilizer together during fertilising, operate easier, reduce recruitment;
(8) management of the next year Mao Yan certain kind of berries: late March ~ early April, after the Mao Yan certain kind of berries regerminates, every mu applies 1:3 fermentation people and animals liquid dung 1000 kg, every minor tick about 30 days, removing weeds;
(9) pluck the management of the Mao Yan certain kind of berries: later annual late June ~ early September, pluck the older blade of the Mao Yan certain kind of berries and be used for Maoyanmei tea leaf and make, after plucking Mao Yan certain kind of berries blade, every mu applies 1:3 and to ferment people and animals' liquid dung 1000 kg, every minor tick about 30 days, removing weeds;
(10) the Mao Yan certain kind of berries controls to bloom management: every minor tick carries out process Mao Yan certain kind of berries plant for 3 years, and after harvesting Mao Yan certain kind of berries blade, do not carry out fertilise, and carry out sprinkling growth promotion solution, every mu is sprayed 50 kg, and every minor tick about 10 days, sprays three times;
(11) management of moisture: after (10) step process is complete, again ditching from Mao Yan certain kind of berries plant 30-35cm place, ditch depth, at more than 50cm, does not keep the skin wet in addition, adopting plastic covering to take shelter from rain when raining, to take shelter from rain measure to carrying out removal plastics about next year the middle ten days in March;
(12) paris polyphylla is transplanted and rich water quality management: after (11) step process is complete, the seedling-cultivating method of (4) step is adopted to obtain the paris polyphylla rhizome bud of life in 2 years, be placed in the ditch that (11) step opens, cover with organic fermentation fertilizer, carry out conventional fertilizer water management by (7) step, carry out the Mao Yan certain kind of berries by (9) step and pluck management.
(13) paris polyphylla results: through paris polyphylla results paris polyphylla rhizome when (11) step is ditched of growth in 3 years, the paris polyphylla bud bud cutting band root saves backup, for plantation next time.
In a specific embodiment, described in step poly-(3), rooting powder solution is 1 ~ 4 %(kg/L) aqueous solution of root-inducing powder.
In a specific embodiment, described in step poly-(10), growth promotion solution is 0.1-0.5%(kg/L) 2,4-D solution, adopt water to prepare.
In a specific embodiment, organic fermentation fertilizer described in step poly-(4), (12) adds leaf or greenweed or straw straw for fermentation people and animals liquid dung, then adds 1-5%(kg/kg) bacillus subtilis to carry out heap fermentation for subsequent use after 30 days.
technique effect
1, the present invention does not need to plant Mao Yan certain kind of berries seedling in addition, and Mao Yan certain kind of berries planting cost reduces greatly, and the output of Mao Yan certain kind of berries leaf rises, and its remarkable in economical benefits improves.
2, by promoting the processing mode of cell proliferation rate under most evil cacogenesis's elongate member of lack of water, fertilizer deficiency, consuming the nutrient component in plant corpus greatly, destroying the flowering conditions of the Mao Yan certain kind of berries, extend the vegetative growth phase of the Mao Yan certain kind of berries.
3, by carrying out control floral tube reason to the Mao Yan certain kind of berries; the Mao Yan certain kind of berries is not bloomed; Mao Yan certain kind of berries blade can not diminish; the output of Mao Yan certain kind of berries blade can not be affected; therefore do not need to carry out scale and fell Mao Yan certain kind of berries branch; protect the resource of the local wild Mao Yan certain kind of berries, better protect the local ecosystem excellent environment in Zhangjiajie.
4, trench digging and paris polyphylla results process can be united two into one, save recruitment cost, take full advantage of the natural effect of sheltering from heat or light of Mao Yan certain kind of berries process of growth, for paris polyphylla provides good growing space.
5, contain the Flavonoid substances such as a large amount of dibydro myricetrins in Mao Yan certain kind of berries blade, the generation of the virus disease of paris polyphylla can be resisted preferably.
Embodiment
Below, the present invention will be further detailed by embodiment, but it is not limited to any one or similar example of these embodiments.
Embodiment 1
Select moistening fertile, preserve moisture and fertility power is strong, quality is loosened, substantially in neutral sand loam or garden mould, front stubble can be gramineous plants and crucifer, and front stubble can not be plant of Solanaceae.First winter in year ploughs deeply 150cm, and 150cm opens railway carriage or compartment, and surface is whole carefully rakes.Get wild Mao Yan certain kind of berries branch at 10 ~ 40 cm, after carrying out immersion 40min with 3% rooting powder solution, by the Mao Yan certain kind of berries branch cutting after process on nursery sand soil bed, humidity is 70 ~ 80%, cultivation temperature 23 ~ 27 DEG C, illumination every day 8 hours, intensity of illumination 1000LX, after 3 months, rooting rate can reach more than 90%.The tissue culture method method for quickly breeding of a kind of paris polyphylla (publication number be the Introduction To Cn Patent of CN102144553A) can be adopted to obtain paris polyphylla plantlet in vitro or paris polyphylla seed seedling-raising the seminal propagation fast breeding method of a kind of paris polyphylla (publication number be the Introduction To Cn Patent of CN101189943), the paris polyphylla seedling obtained, and carry out dense planting, planting number is greater than 100,000 plants/acre, adopts organic fermentation fertilizer to carry out sunshade net cultivation for subsequent use.After transplanting the Mao Yan certain kind of berries to land for growing field crops according to the requirement of spacing in the rows 100cm, line-spacing 100cm about annual 3 ~ April, 6 ~ September covers with two-layer sunshade net, and adopts dropper mode to carry out moisturizing.In conjunction with the extermination of disease and insect pest of paris polyphylla, paris polyphylla virus disease occurs, and in sick cave with 5% octicin solution aqua, or is extracted by diseased plant; If find chafer harm 90 % crystallization chlorophos, 800 ~ 1000 times of liquid, spray in every 5 ~ 7 days 1 time, connects spray 2 ~ 3 times.See that grass just pulls out, separated in time uses fertilizer needed for the Mao Yan certain kind of berries, and every mu applies 1:3 fermentation people and animals liquid dung 1000 ~ 1500kg, every minor tick about 30 days.May enters rainy season, and timely ditch cleaning draining, as prolonged drought, should water in time, water can pour into by the place that condition is good to be enclosed in ditch, and discharged by water after carrying out permeable 1 evening from evening 6 to next day 8, the depth of water is to be advisable lower than face, railway carriage or compartment 5 cm.Paris polyphylla can be applied fertilizer together during fertilising, operate easier, reduce recruitment.Annual late March ~ early April, after the Mao Yan certain kind of berries regerminates, every mu applies 1:3 fermentation people and animals liquid dung 1000 kg, every minor tick about 30 days, removing weeds.Later annual late June ~ early September, pluck the older blade of the Mao Yan certain kind of berries and be used for Maoyanmei tea leaf and make, after plucking Mao Yan certain kind of berries blade, every mu applies 1:3 and to ferment people and animals' liquid dung 1000 kg, every minor tick about 30 days, removing weeds.Every minor tick carries out process Mao Yan certain kind of berries plant for 3 years, and after harvesting Mao Yan certain kind of berries blade, do not carry out fertilise, and carry out 2 of sprinkling 0.2%, 4-D solution, every mu is sprayed 50 kg, and every minor tick about 10 days, sprays three times.Ditching from Mao Yan certain kind of berries plant 30-35cm place, ditch depth, at more than 50cm, does not keep the skin wet in addition, adopts plastic covering to take shelter from rain when raining, and to take shelter from rain measure to carrying out removal plastics about next year the middle ten days in March.By the paris polyphylla rhizome bud of life in 2 years, be placed in the ditch that previous step opens, cover with organic fermentation fertilizer, every mu applies 1:3 and to ferment people and animals' liquid dung 1000 ~ 1500kg, every minor tick about 30 days.May enters rainy season, and timely ditch cleaning draining, as prolonged drought, should water in time, water can pour into by the place that condition is good to be enclosed in ditch, and discharged by water after permeable 1 evening (evening 6 is to point on next day 8), the depth of water is to be advisable lower than face, railway carriage or compartment 5 cm.Paris polyphylla can be applied fertilizer together during fertilising, operate easier, reduce recruitment.Annual late June ~ early September, pluck the Mao Yan certain kind of berries older blade and be used for Maoyanmei tea leaf and make, after plucking Mao Yan certain kind of berries blade, every mu applies 1:3 and to ferment people and animals' liquid dung 1000 kg, every minor tick about 30 days, removing weeds.Through paris polyphylla results paris polyphylla rhizome when Mao Yan certain kind of berries control flower management process is ditched of growth in 3 years, the paris polyphylla bud bud cutting band root saves backup, for plantation next time.
Embodiment 2
Select moistening fertile, preserve moisture and fertility power is strong, quality is loosened, substantially in neutral sand loam or garden mould, front stubble can be gramineous plants and crucifer, and front stubble can not be plant of Solanaceae.First winter in year ploughs deeply 150cm, and 150cm opens railway carriage or compartment, and surface is whole carefully rakes.Get wild Mao Yan certain kind of berries branch at 10 ~ 40 cm, after carrying out immersion 30min with 2.5% rooting powder solution, by the Mao Yan certain kind of berries branch cutting after process on nursery sand soil bed, humidity is 70 ~ 80%, cultivation temperature 23 ~ 27 DEG C, illumination every day 8 hours, intensity of illumination 1000LX, after 3 months, rooting rate can reach more than 90%.The tissue culture method method for quickly breeding of a kind of paris polyphylla (publication number be the Introduction To Cn Patent of CN102144553A) can be adopted to obtain paris polyphylla plantlet in vitro or paris polyphylla seed seedling-raising the seminal propagation fast breeding method of a kind of paris polyphylla (publication number be the Introduction To Cn Patent of CN101189943), the paris polyphylla seedling obtained, and carry out dense planting, planting number is greater than 100,000 plants/acre, adopts organic fermentation fertilizer to carry out sunshade net cultivation for subsequent use.After transplanting the Mao Yan certain kind of berries to land for growing field crops according to the requirement of spacing in the rows 100cm, line-spacing 100cm about annual 3 ~ April, 6 ~ September covers with two-layer sunshade net, and adopts dropper mode to carry out moisturizing.In conjunction with the extermination of disease and insect pest of paris polyphylla, paris polyphylla virus disease occurs, and in sick cave with 5% octicin solution aqua, or is extracted by diseased plant; If find chafer harm 90 % crystallization chlorophos, 800 ~ 1000 times of liquid, spray in every 5 ~ 7 days 1 time, connects spray 2 ~ 3 times.See that grass just pulls out, separated in time uses fertilizer needed for the Mao Yan certain kind of berries, and every mu applies 1:3 fermentation people and animals liquid dung 1000 ~ 1500kg, every minor tick about 30 days.May enters rainy season, and timely ditch cleaning draining, as prolonged drought, should water in time, water can pour into by the place that condition is good to be enclosed in ditch, and discharged by water after carrying out permeable 1 evening from evening 6 to next day 8, the depth of water is to be advisable lower than face, railway carriage or compartment 5 cm.Paris polyphylla can be applied fertilizer together during fertilising, operate easier, reduce recruitment.Annual late March ~ early April, after the Mao Yan certain kind of berries regerminates, every mu applies 1:3 fermentation people and animals liquid dung 1000 kg, every minor tick about 30 days, removing weeds.Later annual late June ~ early September, pluck the older blade of the Mao Yan certain kind of berries and be used for Maoyanmei tea leaf and make, after plucking Mao Yan certain kind of berries blade, every mu applies 1:3 and to ferment people and animals' liquid dung 1000 kg, every minor tick about 30 days, removing weeds.Every minor tick carries out process Mao Yan certain kind of berries plant for 3 years, and after harvesting Mao Yan certain kind of berries blade, do not carry out fertilise, and carry out 2 of sprinkling 0.5%, 4-D solution, every mu is sprayed 50 kg, and every minor tick about 10 days, sprays three times.Ditching from Mao Yan certain kind of berries plant 30-35cm place, ditch depth, at more than 50cm, does not keep the skin wet in addition, adopts plastic covering to take shelter from rain when raining, and to take shelter from rain measure to carrying out removal plastics about next year the middle ten days in March.By the paris polyphylla rhizome bud of life in 2 years, be placed in the ditch that previous step opens, cover with organic fermentation fertilizer, every mu applies 1:3 and to ferment people and animals' liquid dung 1000 ~ 1500kg, every minor tick about 30 days.May enters rainy season, and timely ditch cleaning draining, as prolonged drought, should water in time, water can pour into by the place that condition is good to be enclosed in ditch, and discharged by water after permeable 1 evening (evening 6 is to point on next day 8), the depth of water is to be advisable lower than face, railway carriage or compartment 5 cm.Paris polyphylla can be applied fertilizer together during fertilising, operate easier, reduce recruitment.Annual late June ~ early September, pluck the Mao Yan certain kind of berries older blade and be used for Maoyanmei tea leaf and make, after plucking Mao Yan certain kind of berries blade, every mu applies 1:3 and to ferment people and animals' liquid dung 1000 kg, every minor tick about 30 days, removing weeds.Through paris polyphylla results paris polyphylla rhizome when Mao Yan certain kind of berries control flower management process is ditched of growth in 3 years, the paris polyphylla bud bud cutting band root saves backup, for plantation next time.
Claims (1)
1. an efficient cover cultivating method for paris polyphylla and the Mao Yan certain kind of berries, its concrete steps comprise:
(1) selection of soil: moistening fertile, preserve moisture and fertility power is strong, quality is loosened, in neutral sand loam or garden mould, front stubble is gramineous plants and crucifer, and front stubble can not be plant of Solanaceae;
(2) wholely: first winter in year ploughs deeply 150cm, and 150cm opens railway carriage or compartment, surface is whole carefully rakes;
(3) Mao Yan certain kind of berries cuttage and seedling culture: get wild Mao Yan certain kind of berries branch at 10 ~ 40 cm, after carrying out immersion 30 ~ 60min with rooting powder solution, by the Mao Yan certain kind of berries branch cutting after process on nursery sand soil bed, humidity is 70 ~ 80%, cultivation temperature 23 ~ 27 DEG C, illumination every day 8 hours, intensity of illumination 1000LX, after 3 months, rooting rate can reach more than 90%;
(4) paris polyphylla nursery: adopt published tissue culture method to obtain paris polyphylla plantlet in vitro or published paris polyphylla seed seedling-raising method carries out nursery, the paris polyphylla seedling obtained also carries out dense planting, adopts organic fermentation fertilizer to carry out sunshade net cultivation for subsequent use;
(5) method of transplanting seedlings of the Mao Yan certain kind of berries: after transplanting land for growing field crops according to the requirement of spacing in the rows 100cm, line-spacing 100cm annual 3 ~ April, 6 ~ September covers with two-layer sunshade net, and adopts dropper mode to carry out moisturizing;
(6) extermination of disease and insect pest: in conjunction with the extermination of disease and insect pest of paris polyphylla, finds that paris polyphylla virus disease occurs, in sick cave with 5% octicin solution aqua, or is extracted by diseased plant; If find chafer harm 90 % crystallization chlorophos, 800 ~ 1000 times of liquid, spray in every 5 ~ 7 days 1 time, connects spray 2 ~ 3 times;
(7) weeding and rich water quality management: see that grass just pulls out, fertilizer needed for the Mao Yan certain kind of berries is used in 30 days in interval, every mu applies 1:3 fermentation people and animals liquid dung 1000 ~ 1500kg, and May enters rainy season, timely ditch cleaning draining, as prolonged drought, should water in time, water pours into by the place that condition is good to be enclosed in ditch, permeable 1 evening, discharged by water after evening 6 to next day 8, the depth of water is to be advisable lower than face, railway carriage or compartment 5 cm; During fertilising, paris polyphylla is applied fertilizer together, operate easier, reduce recruitment;
(8) management of the next year Mao Yan certain kind of berries: late March ~ early April, after the Mao Yan certain kind of berries regerminates, every mu applies 1:3 fermentation people and animals liquid dung 1000 kg, every minor tick 30 days, removing weeds;
(9) pluck the management of the Mao Yan certain kind of berries: later annual late June ~ early September, pluck the older blade of the Mao Yan certain kind of berries and be used for Maoyanmei tea leaf and make, after plucking Mao Yan certain kind of berries blade, every mu applies 1:3 and to ferment people and animals' liquid dung 1000 kg, every minor tick 30 days, removing weeds;
(10) the Mao Yan certain kind of berries controls to bloom management: every minor tick carries out process Mao Yan certain kind of berries plant for 3 years, and after harvesting Mao Yan certain kind of berries blade, do not carry out fertilise, and carry out sprinkling growth promotion solution, every mu is sprayed 50 kg, and every minor tick 10 days, sprays three times;
(11) management of moisture: after (10) step process is complete, again ditching from Mao Yan certain kind of berries plant 30-35cm place, ditch depth, at more than 50cm, does not keep the skin wet in addition, adopt plastic covering to take shelter from rain when raining, to carry out removal plastics the middle ten days in March to next year and to take shelter from rain measure;
(12) paris polyphylla is transplanted and rich water quality management: after (11) step process is complete, the seedling-cultivating method of (4) step is adopted to obtain the paris polyphylla rhizome bud of life in 2 years, be placed in the ditch that (11) step opens, cover with organic fermentation fertilizer, carry out conventional fertilizer water management by (7) step, carry out the Mao Yan certain kind of berries by (9) step and pluck management;
(13) paris polyphylla results: through paris polyphylla results paris polyphylla rhizome when (11) step is ditched of growth in 3 years, the paris polyphylla bud bud cutting band root saves backup, for plantation next time.
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| CN106665077A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-05-17 | 云南恩润生物科技发展有限公司 | Method for organically planting Paris polyphylla in organic tea garden |
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| CN101785384A (en) * | 2010-04-02 | 2010-07-28 | 安顺市维权种植有限公司 | Breeding method of paris polyphylla |
| CN102144553B (en) * | 2011-01-25 | 2012-08-15 | 湖南农业大学 | Method for rapidly propagating Paris polyphylla Smith |
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