CN1276362A

CN1276362A - Organic base fertilizer and preparing process thereof

Info

Publication number: CN1276362A
Application number: CN00115374A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘晓荣
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2000-04-11
Filing date: 2000-04-11
Publication date: 2000-12-13

Abstract

An organic fertilizer is prepared from the dung and droppings of animals (pig, ox, etc.) and fowls through mixing with straw and stalk and fermenting bacteria, fermentation, and crushing. It can be used for vegetables, flower, lawn and rice seedlings. Its advantages are high fertility and environmental protection.

Description

Organic base fertilizer and manufacture method thereof

The present invention relates to the manufacture method of fertilizer, particularly disclose a kind of manufacture method of organic base fertilizer.

Development along with industry, chemical industry, chemical fertilizer output cumulative year after year, and a large amount of chemical fertilizer is also used in the farmland thereupon, just reduce the organic fertilizer usage quantity therewith accordingly, consequence is that soil with organic matter content is reduced year by year, and the chemical fertilizer excess is used, make unnecessary chemical fertilizer pollution underground water source and river, increase the river ammonia-nitrogen content, cause the growth of waterplant and algae excess, worsened water quality; The another side of farmland fertilizer problem, particularly suburbs, big city agricultural are along with building large quantities of intensification livestock and poultry farm, a large amount of fecalurias that these livestock and poultry produce, the severe contamination that causes environment that has.Also have the unreasonable processing of a large amount of straws of farm crop, the example of for example losing into river or burning, contaminate environment occurs everywhere.The environment that has a strong impact on suburbs and rural area is disposed in the unrest of feces of livestock and poultry, crop.

Purpose of the present invention then is the manufacture method that discloses a kind of organic base fertilizer, change harmful disposal that current livestock and poultry farm produces ight soil and field-crop straw, harmful waste is become useful fertilizer, become the organic substrate of the favourable plant growth in farmland, the optimum variation of favourable Soil structure.

The present invention realizes like this, the utilization modern biotechnology, adopt the complex microorganism bacterial classification, mixed to pig ox feces of livestock and poultry and crop stalk powder that livestock and poultry farm is discharged, dope the zymophyte fermentation, processing is pulverized, cryodrying, organic waste is made have no stink, the organic substrate more than no fly maggot, porosity height, soft, easy to use, the function.Promptly be to discharge pig ox feces of livestock and poultry from its feeding field, reject different gurry and deduct moisture, reduce secondary pollution in transit, carry out the pre-treatment composting, drop goes a part of free water, reduce feces of livestock and poultry self water content, with the feces of livestock and poultry is main raw material, a certain amount of crop straw powder of proportioning and an amount of combined fermentation bacterial classification, mixed evenly back fermentation reactor system, in the composting process, often turning, measure temperature moisture, pH value, the control attenuation degree is when compost is as good as stink, after color becomes brown, carry out drying and crushing, packing, it is characterized in that a) feed composition proportioning (the heavy content % of ton): plant straw 20, assembled highly-effective fermented bacterium 2, rest part are feces of livestock and poultry, and b) described assembled highly-effective fermented bacterium is: Bacillus coagulans, bacstearothermophilus, nocardia asteroide, the ditch Nocardia bacteria, brown yellow streptomycete, subtilis.The organic base fertilizer component that generates (the heavy content % of ton): organic 〉=45, nitrogen (N) 〉=2.5, phosphorus (P ₂O ₅) 〉=2.0, potassium (K ₂O) 〉=1.5, pH value 6.5-8.5, moisture 25-40.

In the fermenting process, subtilis and streptomycete vitality are very strong, in organic fermenting process the growth and breed vigorous, decompose organic matter, discharge heat energy, improve temperature,, vigorous at earlier fermentation as the growth of Nocardia bacteria class with middle warm nature microorganism, temperature is progressively improved; In the heating stage, the thermophilic microorganism mushroom has replaced middle warm nature bacterial classification gradually and has played a leading role.When temperature rises to 50 ℃, the high temperature genus bacillus begins the vigorous growth breeding, when temperature rises to 60 ℃, the thermophilic fungi has almost all stopped activity, and bacillus acidocldarius continues vigorous activity, temperature can rise to more than 70 ℃, and at this moment mostly good hot microorganism enters dormant state in a large number.But organic zymohydrolysis still can carry out for some time, when producing the heat that heat distributes less than fermentation heap, promptly begin temperature and descend, through constantly fermentation, complicated organic matter, Mierocrystalline cellulose and low temperature lipid acid, urea, tartaric acid are degraded, and stink is also oxidized.Organic matter is process by fermentation, has formed corruption and has planted matter and plant food (especially nitrogen nutriment).Intestinal bacteria, Salmonellas and parasitic ovum such as roundworm have also been killed through high temperature.With 6 bacterial classifications, in the aerobic fermentation manufacturing processed, play leading role in the present invention's fermentation.Really, in this complicated fermenting process, the participation of a large amount of other microorganisms of nature is also arranged.In the organic matter decomposition fermenting process, along with the rising of pH value, the ammonia nitrogen corresponding increase of volatilizing, nitrogen incurs loss, and it is acid that the fermented bacterium of the used organic substrate manufacturing of the present invention is more, and the final pH value that ferments restricts to some extent.Product of the present invention, be applied in the plantation of vegetables various crop, particularly be applied in the booth vegetable cultivation, effect of fertilizer is obvious especially, this external seedling cultivation of rice, flowers, planting lawn maintenance also have good result, below for several several application embodiment of the present invention:

Embodiment 1: in the Shanghai Pudong New Area * * test of garden spot greenhouse cultivation cucumber, the short cucumber of cucumber variety " RAWA " imported from Holland, 0.07 hectare is divided into two, the A plot imposes fertilizer of the present invention, the B plot imposes the spontaneous fermentation fertilizer, sowing amount and method, A, each 0.6 ton of B plot fertilizer amount, respectively with equivalent peat, perlite, cinder is mixed with organic substrate voluntarily, adopt identical microangstron anti-clogging plug drip irrigation system drip irrigation,, all use identical low toxicity according to the clean vegetables standard, low silkworm raiser's medicine, this test is main fertilizer with fertilizer, the use chemical fertilizer of limiting the quantity of.Test-results, the growth effect situation is after the cucumber field planting of A plot, tiller is fast, growth is rapid, and leaf area is big, and the result ahead of time, for high yield is laid good basis, the results situation, 3503 jin of A plot ultimate productions, 2830 jin of B plot ultimate productions, use the present invention than conventional fermentation fertilizer volume increase 18.9%, effect is remarkable.

Embodiment 2, green vegetables cultivation embodiment, and with fertilizer of the present invention and import N.P.K composite chemical fertilizer simultaneous test, a kind of original place dish test, each 25m of area with 70 days vegetative period ²A executes in the plot fertilizer of the present invention, and B executes in the plot import N.P.K composite chemical fertilizer, test-results: A plot output is 114.1kg, amount to per mu yield 3043.7kg, B plot output 99.9kg amounts to per mu yield 2664.1kg, uses the present invention than using composite chemical fertilizer, original place dish volume increase 12.5%, volume increase is obvious, and another is organized with Plantula Brassicae chinensis test in 40 days vegetative period, and test-results increases production 5.03% with fertilizer ratio of the present invention with composite chemical fertilizer.

Embodiment 3, fertilizer of the present invention result of use on raising rice seedlings, and matrix improves significantly to seedling quality, especially aspect raising total dry weight, height of seedling, the promotion root growth obvious effect is being arranged, and it is more excellent that especially matrix adds performance to fertilize.If the present invention makes the organic mixed-matrix of particulate state, not only can be suitable on the seedling cultivation of rice, also be suitable in the rice field ground.

Embodiment 4, and fertilizer of the present invention is used flowers, lawn (growing seedlings), and effect also is clearly, for example, the aloe flower culture, first basin aloe is all with fertilizer cultivation of the present invention; The second basin adds 1/2 garden mould with 1/2 fertilizer of the present invention; Third basin is all used garden mould, observes contrast after two months, and test-results first basin, second basin obviously are better than third basin, and it is light green, sturdy to show blade.

The present invention is an environmental and ecological achievement; its social benefit is particularly evident aspect environmental and ecological protection; the regeneration of feces of livestock and poultry can be avoided a large amount of feces of livestock and poultry two pool crossing currents effectively, causes river water quality is polluted; crop straw is collected utilization; effectively solve a large amount of straw waste combustions and cause, refuse is become organic base fertilizer, vegetable growing, raising rice seedlings and plantation, foster the planting in flowers lawn are all had obvious effect topsoil; can increase income volume increase, obtain good economic benefit.

Claims

1. organic base fertilizer, it can obtain by following method, adopt feces of livestock and poultry, crop straw, combined fermentation bacterial classification to make through mixed fermentation, promptly be that feces of livestock and poultry is rejected foreign matter and moisture through giving handling, crop straw powder and feces of livestock and poultry and assembled highly-effective fermented bacterium are mixed through compatibility, through fermentation reactor system, drying and crushing, pack finished product, it is characterized in that described feed composition (the heavy content % of ton): plant straw 20, assembled highly-effective fermented bacterium 2, all the other are feces of livestock and poultry.

2. organic base fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that fertilizer components (the heavy content % of ton): organic 〉=45, nitrogen (N) 〉=2.5, phosphorus (P ₂O ₅) 〉=2.0, potassium (K ₂O) 〉=1.5, pH value 6.5-8.5, moisture 25-40.

3. described fertilizer manufacture method of claim 1, the ight soil of discharging from its feeding field, reject foreign matter and deduct moisture, reduce secondary pollution in transit, carry out the pre-treatment composting, drop goes a part of free water, reducing feces of livestock and poultry self water content, is main raw material with the feces of livestock and poultry, a certain amount of crop straw powder of proportioning and an amount of combined fermentation bacterial classification, mixed evenly back fermentation reactor system, often turning in the composting process, measure temperature moisture, pH value, the control attenuation degree is when compost is as good as stink, after color becomes brown, be carried out at dry pulverizing, packing is characterized in that: a) feed composition (the heavy content % of ton): plant straw 20; Assembled highly-effective fermented bacterium 2, the feces of livestock and poultry of rest part.B) the assembled highly-effective fermented bacterium that described fermenting raw materials added is: Bacillus coagulans, bacstearothermophilus, nocardia asteroide, ditch Nocardia bacteria, brown yellow streptomycete, subtilis.

4. organic base fertilizer manufacture method according to claim 3 is characterized in that described assembled highly-effective fermented bacterium, various bacterial classification equivalent.

5. an organic base fertilizer is characterized in that organic base fertilizer can be used for: the cultivation of the cultivation of greengrocery crop, particularly booth vegetable; The plantation on flowers, lawn; Seedling cultivation of rice and plantation.