CN107637433A - A kind of cultivation technological method of seedless wampee - Google Patents
A kind of cultivation technological method of seedless wampee Download PDFInfo
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- CN107637433A CN107637433A CN201711086947.9A CN201711086947A CN107637433A CN 107637433 A CN107637433 A CN 107637433A CN 201711086947 A CN201711086947 A CN 201711086947A CN 107637433 A CN107637433 A CN 107637433A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of cultivation technological method of seedless wampee, is characterized in seedless wampee by selected seedling, grafting, cultivation field planting, field management, with Scientific Management Model, meticulous Guan Shui keeps a full stand of seedings, skilful fertilising, market price height, the big seedless wampee of income are obtained with minimum operating cost.With higher nutritive value, there is driving away summer heat, help digestion, change gas, invigorating the spleen and other effects.Fruit ripe seedless wampee fruit unique flavor, there is the taste such as sweet, sour-sweet, fresh and sweet rich in sugar, organic acid, pectin, vitamin C, volatile oil, glycosides displayed etc..Seedless wampee is agreeable to taste, and wet one's whistle cough-relieving, and heat-clearing solution is drunk, and setting ratio is high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to woods fruit, particularly a kind of cultivation technological method of seedless wampee.
Background technology
Seedless wampee, Rutaceae, also by the title outermost layer of skin, oily plum, cock skin fruit, yellow light, yellow batch, ellow pellet, king's jar.Originate in me
State south, there is the history of more than 1,500 years in China.Seedless wampee has higher nutritive value, has driving away summer heat, helps digestion, changes
Gas, invigorating the spleen and other effects.Fruit is rich in sugar, organic acid, pectin, vitamin C, volatile oil, glycosides displayed etc., ripe seedless wampee
Fruit unique flavor, there is the taste such as sweet, sour-sweet, fresh and sweet.Seedless wampee category tropical and subtropical zone evergreen fruit trees, dungarunga, high 6-10m
Bark taupe, common lobe trace, bearing tree bark is coarse, often there is hickie.Leaf is imparipinnate leaf, alternate, avette or ovum
Shape ellipse, leaflet 5-13 pieces have a petiolule, the short sharp base portion deflection of tip, edge waveform or see serration, dark green leaf color, leaf
Arteries and veins projection, oil vacuole is fine and closely woven, rub it is broken after have peat-reek.Small, yellow-white, gynoecium light green are spent, ovary has fine hair, and fruit is small slurry
Fruit, long 2-3cm is ball-point pen type, avette, heart-shaped, and color yellowish leukorrhea is brown, and pericarp has fine hair, the special fragrance of tool, seed 1-5 grains, kidney shape or
Long avette, upper yellowish-brown lower green, kind skin have tunica albuginea.Seedless wampee fruit has very high market price, is an item for having market prospects
Mesh.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide one kind by selected seedling, grafting, cultivation field planting, field management, with science pipe
Reason pattern, meticulous Guan Shui keep a full stand of seedings, skilful fertilising, and market price height, a kind of big seedless wampee of income are obtained with minimum operating cost
Cultivation technological method.
The technical solution of the present invention is a kind of such, cultivation technological method of seedless wampee, it is characterised in that its
Processing step is：
Step 1, seed selection site preparation, selects seedless wampee；
Step 2, in good time graft seedling growth field planting, grafting time selection spring and autumn, does stock, selection is good with a wild wampee of growing directly from seeds
Kind of seedless wampee kind tree bud grafting, the film and brick bud of removing for many years during transplanting；
Step 3, fruit tree applies nitrogen potash fertilizer, and bearing-age tree is applied based on composite fertilizer；
Step 4, pruning, skeleton branch is cultivated, adjusts branch and tree crown moulding production；
Step 5, flower thinning fruit retention, dredge and remove unnecessary flower, removed when pumping is spent on trunk without leaf branch and weak spray, when blooming greatly,
The hypogenetic side fringe of flower spike base portion is removed, retains middle fringe.
Step 6, anti-harmful deinsectization, top rot, anthracnose, root rot, dark mildew, aphid, leaf miner and shell are mainly removed
Worm.
Florescence terminates, and starts long fruiting period, covers bag film fruit retention.
Compared with prior art it is an advantage of the invention that：Process route is simple, and equipment is few, and input cost is low, and fruit is very large,
Agreeable to taste, wet one's whistle cough-relieving.Heart clearing, lung moistening, heat-clearing solution are drunk, and setting ratio is high, grows fast, early goes public, and selling price is high.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment
First, the selection and foundation in field：Seedless wampee can be planted in before pond side, hillside, sandy loam, room behind the house viscous
Loam, hygrophilous profit, warm environment, there is no too high requirement to soil, tree plant is relatively low with grafting tree branch, and the trunk that grows directly from seeds is straight
Vertical, strain is more short and small, without obvious trunk.It should select that the soil is porous, soil layer deep fertile, well-drained chiltern during plantation
Soil building well.
2nd, variety selection：Wild Calusena lansium, seedless wampee, rock sugar Calusena lansium, small 'Jixin' wampee, big 'Jixin' wampee etc. are to grow directly from seeds
Calusena lansium kind.Seedless wampee its be mainly characterized in that juice is more, meat is thick, appoint less, fruit it is big, without benevolence seedless wampee more by
Like.Choosing grow directly from seeds seedling when, it is clean and tidy from blade, have branch, leaf color is dark green, grow strong, well developed root system, no disease pest, limb
Sturdy excellent strong sprout, about 15 centimetres of height of seedling.Grafting then selects high about 50 cm seedling.
3rd, seedling fostering and field planting：The optimum grafting period of seedless wampee is spring and autumn.Can use cleft grafting, cut-grafting,
Bud such as connects at the propagation by grafiting.Anvil seedling can be selected in the annual 7-8 months, this period seedless wampee fruit with fully ripe, during sowing
The sowing of seed wash clean is taken out in wild acid kind Calusena lansium.Germinateed in after planting 15 days, rich water quality management and disease need to be strengthened
The preventing and treating of insect pest, to promote nursery stock to be carried out with robust growth after seedling is grown.Grafting optimum period is when anvil seedling stem slightly reaches
During to more than 1.0 centimetres, it must select to give birth to then on breeding elite stand or annual branch to make scion, and no disease and pests harm,
Eye is full, robust growth.12 days or so after connecing, budder and just sprout successively, it is necessary to remove unnecessary film and brick in time
Wood bud.Furthermore, it is necessary to cultivate 4 branches, when height of seedling is up to more than 35 centimetres, garden plantation can be gone out, it should also be noted that timely weeding
Fertilising and the preventing and treating of pest and disease damage.When transplanting nutrient bag seedling, the influence to root system is little, and the four seasons can be planted with irrigation bar
The orchard of part.3m × 4m or 3m × 4m are used as seeding row spacing, plants 110 plants every mu.Deep, wide each 90 centimetres of plant hole should first have been dug
Before planting, 16kg well-rotted farmyard manures of often spreading manuer in holes make base manure, and base manure is mixed with table soil and discharged in cave, is colonized after about one week.
The polybag of avulsion nursery stock, is put in outside cave during field planting, because seedless wampee root is shallow, intolerant to ponding, should not plant too deep, pay attention to seedling
Root system will unfold, depth appropriateness, and layering earthing compacting, nursery stock is upright, and depth is advisable with rare earth covering nursery stock to root neck, fertilizer
Avoided contact with the root of seedless wampee seedling.Sufficient root water is drenched, cave soil is kept moistening, makes the healthy and strong survival of fruit seedling, survival rate improves.
Before getting up early tree crown is luxuriant in orchard, seeding row spacing is wider, so can both make peasant's with crops such as intercrop vegetables, beans
Income increase, can promote fruit tree growth again.
4th, rich water quality management：The key of the sport technique segment of stable high yield is rich water quality management, for the benefit of Root Absorption, no core yellow
Pi Shu fertilisings should be carried out during root system activity.Young age wampee for being colonized 1-3, because the root system of earsh is not yet sent out
Reaching, absorbability is weak, and distribution is shallower, monthly applies thin available potassium, nitrogenous fertilizer once, makes it that multiple young sprout occur in 1 year, with
It is rapid to expand tree crown, increase leaf area, laid a solid foundation for early fruiting and high yield, make to reach the purpose for promoting growth.Generally for knot
Fruit tree, need fertilising 4 times each year, late January to early Febuary is first time, to promote Spring-shoot growth and improving percentage of fertile fruit, is subtracted
Few fruit drop, applies quick-acting nitrogen, phosphorus, K composite fertilizer 0.4kg before spring tip rudiment；General June is third time, to promote summer shoot
Growth and fruitlet are expanded, and promote fruit quality, improve yield, apply fruit-promoting fertilizer, nitrogen potassium combination 0.22kg before summer shoot is sprouted；9
Month be the 4th time, after seedless wampee fruit harvesting, supplement the nutrients in time, account for the 60% of annual dose, fertilizer using organic fertilizer as
Main, composite fertilizer can also apply.The soil of bearing-age tree, result quantities, the age of tree decide dose.Should be through to adult seedless wampee orchard
Often keep loosing soil, prevent soil erosion, carry out to plough deeply and improve the soil.Strengthen soil moisture management, poured water when non-irrigated, because young
The growth of age tree is vigorous, and root system is shallow and lacks, and is easily influenceed by soil moisture content transformation.The Zhou Wuyu of fine day 1 or drying hot blast are met, to be poured
1 water is sprayed water in evening in morning to tree crown, keeps the moistening of soil and air, in favor of normal plants, is carried out with reference to fertilising
Shallow tillage and weeding.Loosing soil is kept, should intertill and loosen the soil before rainy season, and dredges gutter, drains ponding after rain early.
5th, pruning：The purpose of earsh pruning is culture skeleton branch, balance tree vigo(u)r, regulation shoot growth, is made
It forms a number of major branch and side shoot, forms strong tree crown skeleton, is laid a solid foundation for early fruiting and high yield.Seedless wampee tree crown
Globular model should be trained, the truncation at the high 90cm of trunk, then cultivates 3-4 evenly distributed major branch, thereon pumping side master again
Branch, branch, the tree crown of nature globular model is formed year by year.The trimming of treelet is cut to lead with slightly short, coordinates appropriate sparse branching.In branch
During bar vigorous growth, can appropriate pinching, to weaken growth potential, stimulate lower 4 sprouting of lateral bud of clip, promote branch, increase life
Long amount.In annual winter, cloudy branch, overstocked branch, deadwood, the branch of excessive growth and sick branch of inner canopy etc. are cut off, improve inner canopy and lead to
Wind light transmission condition, prevent the generation of pest and disease damage.The trimming of bearing tree focuses on adjusting the ratio of nutrition branch and fruitful branch, maintains
The equilibrium of tree vigo(u)r, guarantee are got bumper crops then.Sparse branching and the lopping of appropriateness should be carried out according to tree vigo(u)r.After fruit is received every year, in fruitful branch
Base portion leave 1-2 bud and cut, promote pumping bearing basal shoot then.Should be timely to the eugonic branch of excessive growth in tree crown
It is controlled by and utilizes, and to growing situation is weaker and the branch of early ageing, appropriate cutting back should be carried out, promote it updates year by year, extensive
Multiple tree vigo(u)r.Whichever period trimming, it is necessary to carried out under fair weather, be advantageous to wound healing, reduce pest and disease damage.
6th, flower and fruit thinning：Seedless wampee is easily more into flower, flower amount, the consumption a large amount of nutrition of tree body, therefore, during pumping flower spike,
It is noted that remove on trunk without leaf branch and weak spray, reduce nutrient consumption.When blooming, it is hypogenetic to remove flower spike base portion
Side fringe, retain among 4 side fringes and cutting back, make the flower spike fruit that is of moderate size uniform.To promote fruit eurhythmia, fruit is improved
Matter, vegetables and fruits should be carried out in late June, prune granule fruit, overstocked fruit, malformed fruit, dehiscent fruit and disease pest fruit off, promote remaining fruit uniform
Development.Vegetables and fruits are preferably carried out afternoon in fine day, rainy day unsuitable vegetables and fruits, not damaged and be stayed fruit.
7th, the preventing and treating of pest and disease damage：The pest and disease damage of Calusena lansium mainly has：Top rot, anthracnose, root rot, dark mildew, aphid,
Leaf miner and scale insect etc..
Top rot has tip corruption, leaf corruption, fruit corruption etc., wherein it is the most serious with fruit corruption, directly affect yield.Fruit is rotten, raw on fruit
Brown, circular water stain shape spot, a large amount of white mould layers are given birth to when moist.In preventing and treating, disease branch is trimmed, to reduce bacterium source.Increase potash fertilizer,
Improve premunition.In disease early stage, with 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder, 600 times of liquid, or 50% carbendazim wettable
500 times of liquid spraying preventing and treatings of pulvis, spray once need interval 11 days, continuously spray 4 times.
The preventing and treating of anthracnose：Blade and the main harm that fruit is anthracnose.On prevention and treatment method, rich water pipe should be strengthened
Reason, wipes out disease branches and leaves, removes invalid deadwood leaf and accomplish that concentration is burnt, and carries out winter clear garden work, bacterium is reduced to strengthen tree vigo(u)r
Source, improve tree body resistance against diseases.50% sporgon can be selected in medicament（Prochloraz-manganese chloride complex）800 times of liquid of wettable powder, or 12% generation
It is high（Difenoconazole）1000 times of liquid of water dispersible granules, the tip being taken out each time, or being used during early stage spray preventing and treating, spray is once
Interval 11 days are needed, it is continuous to spray 4 times.
The preventing and treating of dark mildew：Main harm blade and fruit.In preventing and treating, pay attention to reducing worm sources, it is anti-eliminate aphis, scale insect
Class.Strengthen cultivation management, frequent ventilation and penetrating light, strengthen tree vigo(u)r, appropriate trimming.Early stage pours root 2 times in every 11 days, and company pours 4 times,
Spray 53.8% can kill to obtain 1400 dry suspending agent, 800 times of liquid.
Scale insect, the preventing and treating of aphid：To suck juice on adult and nymph clustering children stem, tender leaf and fruit, cause fruit tree
Give birth to bad, induce the generation of dark mildew.10% imidacloprid wettable powder, 800 times of ddvp emulsions of liquid+80% can be selected in medicament
800 times of liquid carry out even spraying.
The preventing and treating of leaf miner：Main blade of causing harm, larva slip into blade moth food mesophyll, form silver-gray curved tunnels,
Killed leaf-shrinkage, it is hardened, influences leaf growth.In preventing and treating, Protect natural enemies, reduction is caused harm.Medicament can be selected：1.8% AVM hereinafter
800 times of liquid of rhzomorph missible oil.
The preventing and treating of root rot：Fallen ill more at young age fruit tree rhizome boundary position, cause stem to be rotted with soil contact portion
Or rotten, cause whole strain dead.Prevention and controls：Using abundant well-rotted farmyard manure, field ponding is drained；Early stage can be selected：
40% first thiram thiophanate-methyl（Three withered swords）1000 Bei Ye﹢Lv nations of wettable powder, 98 wettable powder, 600 times of liquid, or
70% 600 times of pentachloronitrobenzene wettable powder liquid pours root preventing and treating, pours root 2 times within every 11 days, and company pours 4 times.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of cultivation technological method of seedless wampee, it is characterised in that its processing step is：
Step 1, seed selection site preparation, selects seedless wampee tree；
Step 2, in good time graft seedling growth field planting, grafting time selection spring and autumn, does stock, selection is good with a wild wampee of growing directly from seeds
Kind of seedless wampee kind tree bud grafting, the film and brick bud of removing for many years during transplanting；
Step 3, fruit tree applies nitrogen potash fertilizer, and bearing-age tree is applied based on composite fertilizer；
Step 4, pruning, skeleton branch is cultivated, adjusts branch and tree crown moulding production；
Step 5, flower thinning fruit retention, dredge and remove unnecessary flower, removed when pumping is spent on trunk without leaf branch and weak spray, when blooming greatly,
The hypogenetic side fringe of flower spike base portion is removed, retains middle fringe；
Step 6, anti-harmful deinsectization, top rot, anthracnose, root rot, dark mildew, aphid, leaf miner and scale insect are mainly removed.
2. the cultivation technological method of a kind of seedless wampee according to claim 1, it is characterised in that florescence terminates, and starts
Long fruiting period, cover bag film fruit retention.
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| CN201711086947.9A CN107637433A (en) | 2017-11-07 | 2017-11-07 | A kind of cultivation technological method of seedless wampee |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111165254A (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2020-05-19 | 广东省农业科学院果树研究所 | Method for regulating and controlling growth of clausena lansium spica |
| CN111213512A (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2020-06-02 | 广东省农业科学院果树研究所 | Planting method for improving total flavone content and antioxidant activity of wampee fruits |
| CN111631039A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2020-09-08 | 广东省农业科学院果树研究所 | Method for reducing organic acid content of wampee fruits |
| CN112790060A (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2021-05-14 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Method for updating old Chinese wampee trees |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102138473A (en) * | 2010-12-10 | 2011-08-03 | 方剑军 | Anti-cracking cultivation method of Clausena lansium |
| CN106718565A (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2017-05-31 | 陈培党 | A kind of seedless wampee treelet planting technology method |
-
2017
- 2017-11-07 CN CN201711086947.9A patent/CN107637433A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102138473A (en) * | 2010-12-10 | 2011-08-03 | 方剑军 | Anti-cracking cultivation method of Clausena lansium |
| CN106718565A (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2017-05-31 | 陈培党 | A kind of seedless wampee treelet planting technology method |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111165254A (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2020-05-19 | 广东省农业科学院果树研究所 | Method for regulating and controlling growth of clausena lansium spica |
| CN111213512A (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2020-06-02 | 广东省农业科学院果树研究所 | Planting method for improving total flavone content and antioxidant activity of wampee fruits |
| CN111213512B (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2021-10-12 | 广东省农业科学院果树研究所 | Planting method for improving total flavone content and antioxidant activity of wampee fruits |
| CN111165254B (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2021-12-14 | 广东省农业科学院果树研究所 | Method for regulating and controlling growth of clausena lansium spica |
| CN111631039A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2020-09-08 | 广东省农业科学院果树研究所 | Method for reducing organic acid content of wampee fruits |
| CN112790060A (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2021-05-14 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Method for updating old Chinese wampee trees |
| CN112790060B (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2023-09-01 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Mountain Huang Pilao tree updating method |
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Application publication date: 20180130 |