CN101707964A - Tunnel half-shading green branch cottage and propagation method of large reed-leaf cherries and Teng county red cherries - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a tunnel half-shading green branch cuttage and propagation method of large reed-leaf cherries and Teng county red cherries, comprising the following steps: making a cuttage bed by using sandy loam as a ground substance ; making a tunnel by using an agricultural film, thin bamboo poles or mocks; covering the film of the tunnel by using a sun-shading net for shading; selecting cherries in winter and spring-heated greenhouses as cutting seed trees, wherein one cutting wood is three nodes having four buds about 10 to 15 cm in general, the distance from apical buds to pruning wounds is from 0.5 to 1cm, 1/2 to 1/3 of leaves are reserved on a top leaf, and the roots are cut into a shape of a horse ear; putting the cutting wood into a 800-time carbendazol solution for sterilization and moisture preservation after being cut; watering the slotter by using the carbendazol solution for primary soil sterilization and then punching holes by using small bamboo sticks when in cuttage; fully watering by using the carbendazol solution after cuttage, wherein the humidity in the tunnel is kept more than 85%; hardening off seedlings when finding the growth of new leaves in 26th day after cuttage and then uncovering the film for removing the tunnel after a week; shifting to the normal nursery management after uncovering the tunnel, i.e. weeding, watering, fertilizing, preventing and curing plant diseases and insect pests and the like. The invention has the advantages of high nursery stock breeding rate, high transplanting survival rate, no crown gall, vigorous growth, early fruiting, easy fertility and easy popularization.

Description

The big red cherry shed of Da Wu Lu Ye cherry and the Teng Xian green branch cuttage breeding method that partly shades

Technical field

The present invention relates to cherry vegetative propagation technique field, particularly Da Wu reed (claiming big nest beach wormwood, building, Lou again) leaf cherry and the big red cherry shed of the Teng Xian green branch cuttage breeding method that partly shades.

Background technology

Cherry [Cerasus pseudocerasus (Lindl) G.Don] originates in China, and its kind, type are enriched, and adaptability is stronger.Da Wu Lu Ye cherry originates in Zaozhuang, Shandong one band (seeing chief editors such as " Chinese pomology " Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, agriculture publishing house version in 1987), and fruit is bigger, and circle or subcircular are more than mean fruit weight 2 grams.Pericarp is thicker, aubergine, tool gloss.The little yellow of pulp, meat densification, softness, the sweet little acid of distinguishing the flavor of has fragrance, and fruit juice is more, and quality is first-class.May the early and middle ten days maturation, ripe phase unanimity is than storage tolerance.Eat, process and brewage kind raw for good.This kind tree vigo(u)r stalwartness, tree performance is more upright.Blade is big, oval, and strong green, glossy, surperficial shrinkage injustice, warp is commonly called as " nest building " backward, gives a name in " big nest betel cherry " according to these characteristics, and its blade tip is dashed forward point and is lacked, and leaf edge sawtooth is close, the heavy sawtooth of minority.Based on bouquet shape fruit branch and fruit spur result.But 2～3 years results of vegetative propagation entered the full bearing period in 6～7 years, about single plant yield 50kg.Suit at sandy loam cultivation, undergrowth on heavy soil or alkaline soil.

The big red cherry of Teng Xian (existing locality claims the mountain booth big red cherry again) originates in the Feng Maoxiang of Shanting District, Zaozhuang City (existing Feng Maozhen) He Xinzhuan township (existing fountain town) (seeing that " cherry cultivating superior high-yield new technology " Chinese agriculture publishing house history passes luxuriant the writing of tongued bell Jiang Yuan), fruit properties: big in the fruit, mean fruit weight 1.5 grams, 650 every kilogram, spheroidal, fruit tip circle and flat slightly.Carpopodium is than tubbiness, and stalk is hollow circular, shallow and wide.Orange red during full maturity, glossy.Pulp is orange-yellow, and is many in the fruit juice, and the sweet little acid of distinguishing the flavor of is savory, and glutinous nuclear or half glutinous nuclear are best in quality.May, the early and middle ten days maturation than storage tolerance, was the good kind of eating raw.The tree vigo(u)r stalwartness, half-open of tree performance.Rudiment power is strong, and tree crown is dense, and a little less than the resting bud sprouting power, cella is easily hollow.2～3 annual bearings after the plant division entered the full bearing period in 6～7 years, and about single plant yield 50kg, the big tree of life in 50 years output can reach about 100kg.

Cherry has the laudatory title in " really first of spring ", is described as the hat of fruit, is the rare fruit good merchantable brand that people like; Fruits nutrition is abundant, contains higher protein, free amino acid and sugar part, calcium, phosphorus, iron, carotin, ascorbic acid and other multivitamins; Also have important medical value, its root, branch, leaf, nuclear, fresh fruit all can be used as medicine, and have the effect that beneficial spleen in the accent, regulating qi and activating blood, flat liver reduce phlegm and internal heat and promote hemoglobin regeneration; Its tree performance is beautiful, and early look gorgeous for flower, can be used to afforest garden, beautifies the environment; Its wood can be made the elaboration of furniture; Fruit also can be processed into dried fruit, preserved fruit, can and the mulse of different color and lusters and local flavor except that eating raw.Do facility cultivation with local cherry, the maturing stage can arrive the preceding listing of rainwater ahead of time, with its grafting large cherry, is described as " soft gold " industry by the insider.

The big red cherry of Da Wu Lu Ye and Teng Xian is the improved seeds in the cherry, and long at local cultivation history, adaptability is strong, outdoor cropping maturation in the first tenday period of a month in May, the facility cultivation maturing stage can be ahead of time to the beginning of spring to rainwater, be again desirable large cherry stock, therefore, has very big promotional value.Because plant division, propagation by layering are slower, measure little limitedly, many people ask seedling anxious, adopt seminal propagation, its offspring's overwhelming majority is the proterties of growing directly from seeds, and easily produces root knot, do the stock grafting large cherry with it, not only produce little pedopathy, and growth is slow, the result is late, yield poorly.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to solve the required high quality seedling problem of large tracts of land exploitation cherry, it is poor to overcome the seminal propagation seedling quality, press strip, division propagation wait deficiency slowly, a kind of employing canopy film heat and moisture preserving green wood cutting seedling growing process that partly shades is provided, and plugged ear and disinfecting soil handled, have reproduction speed is fast, survival rate is high, the unit are amount of growing seedlings is big, cost is low Da Wu Lu Ye cherry and the big red cherry shed of the Teng Xian green branch cuttage breeding method that partly shades.

For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:

The big red cherry shed of a kind of Da Wu Lu Ye cherry and the Teng Xian green branch cuttage breeding method that partly shades is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:

(1) selects the seedbed

The sandy loam that the cuttage seedbed should select high and dry, smooth, sunny, the near water source of physical features, be convenient to manage is advisable; Trench digging around the seedbed, seedbed must meticulous arrangements, guarantee not have chad, no soil block; The seedbed can be made into 1～1.2 meter wide embanked field, and green stem cutting fringe is directly inserted the seedbed;

(2) make shed

Choose about 2 meters long thin bamboos, bamboos and split or branch, along embanked field spring system shed, about 80 centimetres of arch bar spacing, the top keeping parallelism of trying one's best;

(3) clip plugged ear and processing

The cherry that can select warm booth of winter, spring is that elite stand is gathered plugged ear, to late May to early June, the young sprout that these trees grow then generally can reach 30～50cm; Adopt the fringe elite stand as making of the cherry of outdoor cropping, heavy pruning in the winter time is to cultivate long green branch; Note choosing stalwartness, upright shoot; The fringe bar is gathered in the morning or at dusk to well, accomplishes with cutting with inserting; If collection capacity can stand on it in clear water basin greatly, prevent the plugged ear dehydration, influence survival rate;

Cutting length is advisable with 10～15cm, 3～4 buds, and plugged ear is good with semi-lignified, and the top taper divides tender partially unavailable; 1cm cuts off from terminal bud top, and top is cut and stayed 1/2～1/3 blade, is cut into semicircle, rest blade cuts off by petiole base with scissors, and plugged ear lower end clip is near leaf scar, and base portion is whittled into horse ear shape, can not cut and hinder terminal bud and near the root substance of lower end leaf scar, plugged ear is cut with adopting with cutting; After plugged ear sheared, the carbendazol soaking sterilization that is put into 500～800 times earlier was anticorrosion;

(4) cuttage in good time

After cherry was plucked, the shoot growth regular period was the cuttage optimum period, and promptly late May is to early June; Directly can arrange by 25～30 centimetres of line-spacings, 6～8 centimetres of spacing in the rows during cuttage, if slotting machine soil can insert the green branch of cherry earlier with bamboo let or chopsticks insert eye again hard; In in the morning optional or afternoon during cuttage, avoid the sunburst at noon as far as possible.Can grow new root in about 20 days after the cuttage.Half is advisable in the plugged ear insertion soil, 2 bud cuttings should be gone in the sandy loam;

(5) insert the back management

1. water: cuttage finishes for the first time and to irrigate with 500～800 times carbendazol in good time, reaching the soil thorough disinfection, but does not cause bed surface ponding to be advisable; In later 15 days before 8 of every mornings,, look the moistening situation of nursery soil 2～3 days spray clear water in good time at interval afterwards with 1 water of carbendazols spray of 800 times; To in time seal the shed plastic sheeting for farm use behind the water spray in order to avoid dodge the seedling dehydration, and in time add a cover shade material;

2. add a cover plastic sheeting for farm use: inserted water permeable after, in time add a cover plastic sheeting for farm use sealing, carry out heat and moisture preserving; The one, guarantee that ground temperature reaches more than 28 degree, the suitable ground temperature of taking root is 28～32 ℃; The 2nd, allowing air flow is not avoided internal-external temperature difference, causes the dehydration of cherry blade, causes death; Hot and humid is the essential condition that the green branch of cherry is taken root;

3. shade: shade material can be selected the sunshade net, and is high 1～1.5 meter in slotting machine stow-wood stake all around, and the sunshade net is put down and is tied on the timber liftoff 20cm all around from shed top 50～80cm; Insert in back 20 days, noon is strong as sunlight, should add a cover straw screen or mat, full sunshade; Shade material also can be selected corn stalk, straw screen or mat, and many screenings in the south, north hide less; In the shed certain scattered light to be arranged, guarantee blade light and effect;

4. hardening: inserted back 26 days, and before every day, the sun set at dusk, shed two plastic sheeting for farm use was opened, reach ventilation in the film, put down the film insulation again before 8 of next day, continue after 7 days, find to grow 2～3 young leaves, throw off film after Lao Ye comes off again; The hardening phase notes spraying clear water, to keep ground moistening;

(6) management of cuttage seeding

When cuttage after 30 days, existing young leaves grows, and can adopt 1% urea liquid to water; When height of seedling 15～30cm, can spread fertilizer over the fields urea according to 15 kilograms every mu standard, in time water after spreading; And in time carry out weeding, loosen the soil, control work such as worm;

(7) transplant in good time

The back thaw autumn and winter or the 2nd year then to germination, can transplant; Should select that soil property is fertile with transplanting, irrigation condition soil preferably; Every mu of stercoration 1500～2000kg before planting; Directly field planting, but also secondary is grown seedlings; Get seedling during transplanting successively from the seedbed.

The present invention adopts the canopy film heat and moisture preserving green wood cutting seedling growing process that partly shades, and plugged ear and disinfecting soil are handled, and reproduction speed is fast, method is easy to learn, survival rate is high, the unit are amount of growing seedlings is big, cost is low, easily promotes.Have advantages such as survival rate height, saving soil and cost, shortening growing-seedling period, robust plant.Cuttage survival rate of the present invention reaches more than 85%, and what seedling height 50cm was above accounts for more than 80%, and seedling raise period shortens, cost reduces, benefit improves, seedling quality improves.

Embodiment

The invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiment:

The present invention relates to cherry vegetative propagation technique field, particularly southern Shandong original producton location Da Wu reed (writing big nest beach wormwood, building, Lou again) leaf cherry and the big red cherry of the Teng Xian green wood cutting propagation technique that partly shades.

Grow seedlings to adopt local cherry seed growing stocks at present cherry more, easily produce root knot, the grafting large cherry then produces little pedopathy, and evening, the present situation that yields poorly as a result, and root turion, the little limited situation of propagation by layering amount, utilize local area under cultivation is big, The Characters is good Da Wu Lu Ye and big red cherry elite stand to gather green branch and be plugged ear.

The shed of Da Wu Lu Ye cherry of the present invention or the big red cherry green branch cuttage breeding method that partly shades is:

One, selects the seedbed

The sandy loam that the cuttage seedbed should select high and dry, smooth, sunny, the near water source of physical features, be convenient to manage is advisable.Trench digging around the seedbed, seedbed must meticulous arrangements, guarantee not have chad, no soil block.The seedbed can be made into 1～1.2 meter wide embanked field, with East and West direction for well.During cuttage, can directly insert the seedbed, also can make native alms bowl in advance, in the native alms bowl on the green stem cutting fringe insertion seedbed.

Make native alms bowl (the seedbed straight cutting does not have this operation)

Select fine and smooth sandy loam to be advisable, as contain clod, must earlier clod be turned over that it is moistening to smash the back water-sprinkling, be made into the circular native alms bowl of high 10cm, diameter 7cm, alms bowl bore dia 3cm with soil-block forming device, the alms bowl hole leads to the end, in case ponding.After making native alms bowl, place in the seedbed, arrange 55 for every square metre according to 25 centimetres line-spacings.

Two, make shed

Choose about 2 meters long thin bamboos, bamboos and split or branch, along embanked field spring system shed, about 80 centimetres of arch bar spacing, the top keeping parallelism of trying one's best.

Three, clip plugged ear and processing

The cherry that can select warm booth of winter, spring is that elite stand is gathered plugged ear, to late May to early June, the young sprout that these trees grow then generally can reach 30～50cm; Adopt the fringe elite stand as making of the cherry of outdoor cropping, heavy pruning in the winter time is to cultivate long green branch.Note choosing stalwartness, upright shoot.The fringe bar is gathered in the morning or at dusk to well, accomplishes with cutting with inserting; If collection capacity can stand on it in clear water basin greatly, prevent the plugged ear dehydration, influence survival rate.

Cutting length is advisable with 10～15cm, 3～4 buds, and plugged ear is good with semi-lignified, and the top taper divides tender partially unavailable; 1cm cuts off from terminal bud top, and top is cut and stayed 1/2～1/3 blade, is cut into semicircle, rest blade cuts off by petiole base with scissors, and plugged ear lower end clip is near leaf scar, and base portion is whittled into horse ear shape, can not cut and hinder terminal bud and near the root substance of lower end leaf scar, plugged ear is cut with adopting with cutting.After plugged ear sheared, the carbendazol soaking sterilization that is put into 500～800 times earlier was anticorrosion.

Four, cuttage in good time

After cherry was plucked, the shoot growth regular period was the cuttage optimum period, and promptly late May is to early June.Directly can arrange by 25～30 centimetres of line-spacings, 6～8 centimetres of spacing in the rows during cuttage, if slotting machine soil can insert the green branch of cherry earlier with bamboo let or chopsticks insert eye again hard; As use native alms bowl, then every alms bowl one plugged ear.In in the morning optional or afternoon during cuttage, avoid the sunburst at noon as far as possible.Can grow new root in about 20 days after the cuttage.Half is advisable in the plugged ear insertion soil (alms bowl), 2 bud cuttings should be gone in the sandy loam.

Five, insert the back management

1. water in good time.Cuttage finishes for the first time and to irrigate with 500～800 times carbendazol, reaching the soil thorough disinfection, but does not cause bed surface ponding to be advisable; In later 15 days before 8 of every mornings,, look the moistening situation of nursery soil (alms bowl) 2～3 days spray clear water in good time at interval afterwards with 1 water of carbendazols spray of 800 times.To in time seal the shed plastic sheeting for farm use behind the water spray in order to avoid dodge the seedling dehydration, and in time add a cover shade material.

2. add a cover plastic sheeting for farm use.Inserted water permeable after, in time add a cover plastic sheeting for farm use sealing, carry out heat and moisture preserving.The one, guarantee that ground temperature reaches more than 28 degree, the suitable ground temperature of taking root is 28～32 ℃; The 2nd, allowing air flow is not avoided internal-external temperature difference, causes the dehydration of cherry blade, causes death.Hot and humid is the essential condition that the green branch of cherry is taken root.

3. shade.Shade material can be selected the sunshade net, and is high 1～1.5 meter in slotting machine stow-wood stake all around, and the sunshade net is put down and is tied on the timber liftoff 20cm all around from shed top 50～80cm.Insert in back 20 days, noon is strong as sunlight, should add a cover straw screen or mat, full sunshade.Shade material also can be selected corn stalk, straw screen or mat etc., and many screenings in the south, north hide less.In the shed certain scattered light to be arranged, guarantee blade light and effect.

4. hardening.Inserted back 26 days, and before every day, the sun set at dusk, shed two plastic sheeting for farm use was opened, reach ventilation in the film, put down the film insulation again before 8 of next day, continue after 7 days, find to grow 2～3 young leaves, throw off film after Lao Ye comes off again.The hardening phase notes spraying clear water, to keep ground moistening.During hardening, prevent that strong wind from blowing film open especially, carry out strick precaution according to weather forecast.

Six, the management of cuttage seeding

When cuttage after 30 days, existing young leaves grows, and can adopt 1% urea liquid to water.When height of seedling 15～30cm, can spread fertilizer over the fields urea according to 15 kilograms every mu standard, in time water after spreading.And in time carry out weeding, loosen the soil, control work such as worm.When the annual plant height can reach about 70 centimetres.

Seven, transplant in good time

Can transplant before extremely germinateing autumn and winter, or the back that thawed in the 2nd year then.Should select that soil property is fertile with transplanting, irrigation condition soil preferably.Every mu of stercoration 1500～2000kg before planting.Directly field planting, but also secondary is grown seedlings.Get seedling during transplanting successively from the seedbed.

Equipment required for the present invention: spring is cut, grafting knife, plastic sheeting for farm use, thin bamboo, the branch bar of making shed, sunshade net or corn stalk or straw screen or mat, carbendazim, iron bar, watering can etc.Concrete consumption is determined according to seedlings growing area.

Innovative point of the present invention just is: hot and humid without putrefaction root of hair.Adopt carbendazim solution to carry out plugged ear and soil disinfection, adopt the sunshade of canopy film heat and moisture preserving, not dehydration of blade also keeps normal photosynthesis, the branches and leaves without putrefaction, and stratification is taken root.

Embodiment

One, slotting machine

1, slotting machine specification slotting machine 15m long from south to north, the wide 1.2m of thing, two interval 0.5m.

2, the sandy loam of slotting machine matrix, soil layer is deep, and preceding crop is vegetables, and quality is fertile.Trench digging around the slotting machine, slotting machine be through meticulous arrangement, and smooth not ponding guarantees not have chad, no soil block.

Two, shed

The thin bamboo long with about 2m bends shed, and the every about 0.8m of arch pole spacing is the canopy film with the wide plastic sheeting for farm use of 2m; Plant into timber with 6 waddys around the slotting machine, with the iron bar tension, build the sunshade net again, highly about 1.3m, the periphery of sunshade net ties up to the bottom of timber, and both sides overhead 0.2m can enter scattered light.

Three, plugged ear is prepared

In morning June 10, the used green branch of cuttage is gathered in neighbouring village's greenhouse.Select cherry branch healthy and strong, upright, semi-lignified, general length 30～50cm.Transport to immediately after the collection to cut under near the big tree shade cold of slotting machine and cut, method is: selecting 3～4 buds, long 10～15cm is a plugged ear, a leaf on plugged ear top is cut stayed 2/1～1/3, is cut into semicircle, and rest blade cuts off by petiole base with scissors.Plugged ear upper end clip is from bud 0.5～1cm, and the lower end clip is whittled into the inclined-plane horse ear shape near leaf scar, can not cut and hinder terminal bud and near the root substance of lower end leaf scar, and it is unavailable that tender part is crossed at the top.Cut the plugged ear that is whittled into and put into 500～800 times carbendazim solution immediately, with inserting with getting.

Four, water is prepared

Slotting machine is apart from the about 10m of river, and water is convenient.In the river, water is squeezed in ready vat and the big basin in advance, and be made into 800 times of carbendazim solutions.Water is all squeezed into daylight preheating in the vat in advance afterwards.

Five, cottage method

Afternoon June 10, move the seedbed to cutting the plugged ear of cutting, although the slotting machine quality is more loose, hinder the plugged ear base portion for exempting to insert, use earlier the small bamboo spike perforating, insert with being about to plugged ear, promptly convenient again soon, the cuttage degree of depth is for keeping on the ground 3～5cm, i.e. 1～2 bud, and seeding row spacing density is 7～10 * 20～25cm.

Six, insert the back management

1, waters.After all cuttage finishes, once irrigate, be advisable not produce ponding with 800 times of carbendazim solutions.After cuttage in two weeks, early water 800 times of carbendazim solutions 1 time before 8 every day, can water every other day 1 time in the 15th～21 day, after this 22nd～26 day, can water 1 time water every 2 days, necessarily press the plastic sheeting for farm use periphery tight after watering, in order to avoid cause the dehydration of high temperature deflation, cause blade to be wilted, the interior air humidity of canopy will not remain on more than 85% before not taking root after the cuttage, and the suitable temperature of taking root of slotting machine is more than 28 ℃.Water at every turn and all must not produce ponding.To in time seal the shed plastic sheeting for farm use behind the water spray in order to avoid dodge the seedling dehydration, and in time add a cover shade material.When plugged ear grows 2～3 young leaves when producing certain new root ventilation hardening, can water one time water in 2～3 days.

2, overlay film.All cuttages intact and water once permeable after, fast plastic sheeting for farm use is covered on the shed, and periphery is pressed tight.After, only the canopy film is partly opened when watering on one side at every turn, water and again canopy film periphery is pressed sternly after finishing.

3, shade.After plastic sheeting for farm use covered, the sunshade net is covered on the shelf that timber and iron bar make, two bottom sides can be stayed 20cm, so that the entering part scattered light keeps blade to carry out normal photosynthesis.Will all put down sunshade net if meet sunburst more than 40 ℃ noon.The sunshade sieve bottom will tie up to timber bottom with rope, in case wind.

4, heat and moisture preserving and ventilation.Insert the back before not taking root, pay special attention to keep air humidity and nursery soil temperature in the canopy, air humidity should remain on more than 85%, otherwise the easy dehydration wilting of blade causes disleave death.As the part cuttage rooting, grow 2～3 young leaves and can begin the hardening of ventilating, only opening canopy film two in preceding 3 days when at dusk the sun sets ventilates, open canopy film one side (or north side) afterwards, next day early about 8 again that the canopy mould is tight, the hardening time prolongs day by day, when about one all young leaves grow kind solid colour, can all throw off the canopy film.

5, remove management after canopy is taken off film.After removing canopy and taking off film, can carry out weeding, apply fertilizer, water according to the nursery normal management, prevention and elimination of disease and pests.In order to promote nursery stock to grow fast, after removing canopy and taking off film, water after according to 10 kilograms every mu standards urea being spread fertilizer over the fields; Remove canopy and take off film after 20 days, water after according to 15 kilograms every mu standard urea being spread fertilizer over the fields again.Because cuttage seeding is also less, root system is few, root is shallow, is in the megathermal period again, pay special attention to duty and water, and waters water one time in general 3～5 days, so that keep soil moisture, later on along with the seedling growth stalwartness, waters the water yield and can depend on the circumstances with the number of times that waters.As foliar-feeding insect can evenly be sprayed the cloth blade face with 3000～4000 times of liquid of permethrin milk oil of 5% finding.

Claims (1)

1. Da Wu Lu Ye cherry and the big red cherry shed of the Teng Xian green branch cuttage breeding method that partly shades is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:

(1) selects the seedbed

The sandy loam that the cuttage seedbed should select high and dry, smooth, sunny, the near water source of physical features, be convenient to manage is advisable; Trench digging around the seedbed, seedbed must meticulous arrangements, guarantee not have chad, no soil block; The seedbed can be made into 1～1.2 meter wide embanked field, and green stem cutting fringe is directly inserted the seedbed;

(2) make shed

Choose about 2 meters long thin bamboos, bamboos and split or branch, along embanked field spring system shed, about 80 centimetres of arch bar spacing, the top keeping parallelism of trying one's best;

(3) clip plugged ear and processing

The cherry that can select warm booth of winter, spring is that elite stand is gathered plugged ear, to late May to early June, the young sprout that these trees grow then generally can reach 30～50cm; Adopt the fringe elite stand as making of the cherry of outdoor cropping, heavy pruning in the winter time is to cultivate long green branch; Note choosing stalwartness, upright shoot; The fringe bar is gathered in the morning or at dusk to well, accomplishes with cutting with inserting; If collection capacity can stand on it in clear water basin greatly, prevent the plugged ear dehydration, influence survival rate;

Cutting length is advisable with 10～15cm, 3～4 buds, and plugged ear is good with semi-lignified, and the top taper divides tender partially unavailable; 1cm cuts off from terminal bud top, and top is cut and stayed 1/2～1/3 blade, is cut into semicircle, rest blade cuts off by petiole base with scissors, and plugged ear lower end clip is near leaf scar, and base portion is whittled into horse ear shape, can not cut and hinder terminal bud and near the root substance of lower end leaf scar, plugged ear is cut with adopting with cutting; After plugged ear sheared, the carbendazol soaking sterilization that is put into 500～800 times earlier was anticorrosion;

(4) cuttage in good time

After cherry was plucked, the shoot growth regular period was the cuttage optimum period, and promptly late May is to early June; Directly can arrange by 25～30 centimetres of line-spacings, 6～8 centimetres of spacing in the rows during cuttage, if slotting machine soil can insert the green branch of cherry earlier with bamboo let or chopsticks insert eye again hard; In in the morning optional or afternoon during cuttage, avoid the sunburst at noon as far as possible.Can grow new root in about 20 days after the cuttage.Half is advisable in the plugged ear insertion soil, 2 bud cuttings should be gone in the sandy loam;

(5) insert the back management

1. water: cuttage finishes for the first time and to irrigate with 500～800 times carbendazol in good time, reaching the soil thorough disinfection, but does not cause bed surface ponding to be advisable; In later 15 days before 8 of every mornings,, look the moistening situation of nursery soil 2～3 days spray clear water in good time at interval afterwards with 1 water of carbendazols spray of 800 times; To in time seal the shed plastic sheeting for farm use behind the water spray in order to avoid dodge the seedling dehydration, and in time add a cover shade material;

2. add a cover plastic sheeting for farm use: inserted water permeable after, in time add a cover plastic sheeting for farm use sealing, carry out heat and moisture preserving; The one, guarantee that ground temperature reaches more than 28 degree, the suitable ground temperature of taking root is 28～32 ℃; The 2nd, allowing air flow is not avoided internal-external temperature difference, causes the dehydration of cherry blade, causes death; Hot and humid is the essential condition that the green branch of cherry is taken root;

3. shade: shade material can be selected the sunshade net, and is high 1～1.5 meter in slotting machine stow-wood stake all around, and the sunshade net is put down and is tied on the timber liftoff 20cm all around from shed top 50～80cm; Insert in back 20 days, noon is strong as sunlight, should add a cover straw screen or mat, full sunshade; Shade material also can be selected corn stalk, straw screen or mat, and many screenings in the south, north hide less; In the shed certain scattered light to be arranged, guarantee blade light and effect;

4. hardening: inserted back 26 days, and before every day, the sun set at dusk, shed two plastic sheeting for farm use was opened, reach ventilation in the film, put down the film insulation again before 8 of next day, continue after 7 days, find to grow 2～3 young leaves, throw off film after Lao Ye comes off again; The hardening phase notes spraying clear water, to keep ground moistening;

(6) management of cuttage seeding

When cuttage after 30 days, existing young leaves grows, and can adopt 1% urea liquid to water; When height of seedling 15～30cm, can spread fertilizer over the fields urea according to 15 kilograms every mu standard, in time water after spreading; And in time carry out weeding, loosen the soil, control work such as worm;

(7) transplant in good time

The back thaw autumn and winter or the 2nd year then to germination, can transplant; Should select that soil property is fertile with transplanting, irrigation condition soil preferably; Every mu of stercoration 1500～2000kg before planting; Directly field planting, but also secondary is grown seedlings; Get seedling during transplanting successively from the seedbed.