CN105325232A - Cherry stock cuttage fast breeding method - Google Patents
Cherry stock cuttage fast breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105325232A CN105325232A CN201510654570.7A CN201510654570A CN105325232A CN 105325232 A CN105325232 A CN 105325232A CN 201510654570 A CN201510654570 A CN 201510654570A CN 105325232 A CN105325232 A CN 105325232A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
- A01G9/0299—Handling or transporting of soil blocks or seedlings
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cherry stock cuttage fast breeding method comprising the following steps: preparing seedling bed; paving pipelines; preparing a cutting orchard; heavy cutting back; cutting; carrying out cuttage at a line space of 8cm and row space of 2-3cm; transplanting from the greenhouse 30-35 days later; carrying out the secondary time cuttage after the first batch is transplanted and the matrix is processed. The benefits are that half-lignified shoots are employed for twig cuttage so as to greatly improve cutting rooting rate and planting percentage, greatly improving cherry tree breeding efficiency, reducing cost, and removing barriers for promoting application of the stock.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the mating system of a planting fruit-trees, be specifically related to a kind of cherry root stock cutting fast breeding method, belong to field of fruit tree cultivation.
Background technology
Large cherry due to its cultivating economic high efficiency, be of high nutritive value, develop very fast in recent years.But stock problem is never effectively solved.China's sweet cherry rootstock used mostly at present is vigorous stock cherry and downy cherry fruit.The cherry tree height of vigorous stock grafting is large, difficult management, and after general field planting, 6 years ability is shown in fruit, within 8 years, just bears interest later, greatly constrains the development of sweet cherry.Utilize dwarfing rootstock, carrying out planting culture is realize cherry early bearing, high yield, high-quality, core technology measure efficiently, is therefore badly in need of the cherry dwarfing rootstock of resistance, early high-yield.
GiselaNo.5 stock is from the external cherry dwarfing rootstock introduced, and the advantages such as it has obvious dwarfing, early reality, high yield, cold-resistant, disease-resistant, anti-salt, waterlogging, soil wide accommodation, admittedly performance are good are the good dwarfing rootstocks of current general performance.But because it is triploid clones, can not seminal propagation be adopted, and it is very difficult to adopt conventional press strip and cuttage to take root, therefore the current method breeding nursery stock mainly adopting tissue cultures in China.But group training requires to have higher technical merit and certain equipment, and investment is large, it is high to breed cost, is difficult to popularize, thus limits it and apply.
Summary of the invention
For solving the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cherry root stock cutting fast breeding method, this mating system not only effectively can improve the reproductive efficiency of cherry, and can effectively improve breeding planting percent.
In order to realize above-mentioned target, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of cherry root stock cutting fast breeding method, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) seedbed, laid pipes is done: in canopy, vertical booth trend does seedbed, and lays micro-nozzle road;
(2) do cutting orchard, return contracting: do cutting orchard with 2 years above plantlet in vitro of life, late March carries out returning contracting;
(3) fringe is adopted: late May to early June adopts fringe and cuts by 10cm mono-section and cuts, and bottom is tiltedly cut, top straight snips, stays two panels leaf above;
(4) cuttage: shear rear bundling, following dress is neat, first bottom is put into carbendazim dilution and soaks 10min, pulls out and dries or dry, again IBA is put in bottom and dip 30s, pull a moment of slightly drying in the air out and namely carry out cuttage, cuttage line-spacing 8cm, spacing in the rows 2-3cm, first draw ditch with wooden stick during cuttage and loosen the soil, cuttage degree of depth 2-3cm, real with hand, do not fall after ensureing water spray, with cuttage with spraying water to keep humidity;
(5) water management: cuttage keeps blade face to have moisture film all the time for first 4 days, and remain that blade face is open and flat, not curling afterwards, the water tariff collection in matrix, at 60-80%, is held agglomerating, put down and namely fall apart;
(6) temperature treatment: ensure that substrate temperature is not higher than 35 DEG C;
(7) leak informaton: leak informaton when day temperature is the highest 1-3 hour, put wind and apoplexy;
(8) hardening: after general cuttage, about 20 days rooting rates can reach 60-70%, control moisture gradually, add intense light irradiation and ventilation, allow continuing of not taking root take root, allows performing physical exercise of taking root;
(9) transplant: canopy within 30-35 days, can be gone out and transplant, dip in mud after lifting to Field planting, when being transplanted to open country, put up sunshade net in advance, after 7 days, remove sunshade net;
(10) connect nursery: late August to early September height of seedling can reach about 80cm, can be used as finished product stock and carry out being with wooden bud grafting nursery;
(11) cuttage continuously: after first has been transplanted, carry out spraying disinfection with the liquor potassic permanganate of 0.2-0.5% to matrix, antiseptic solution infiltrates the dark river sand of 0.5cm, then repaves the new river sand that 10cm is thick, water spray, treats that soil humidity can carry out second batch cuttage to appropriate.
Aforesaid cherry root stock cutting fast breeding method, it is characterized in that, in step (1), the method doing seedbed is: dig every 2m-3m the ditch that 20cm is wide, 20cm is dark, and the soil pad chosen, in the middle of seedbed, is equivalent to ridging, leveling makes real, seedbed is padded clean river sand, both sides beveling, river sand layer thickness is 20cm.
Aforesaid cherry root stock cutting fast breeding method, is characterized in that, in step (3), according to the size of leaf, then cuts 1/3-2/3 of leaf, does not intersect with cuttage rear blade, to be not overlappingly as the criterion.
Aforesaid cherry root stock cutting fast breeding method, is characterized in that, in step (4), aforementioned carbendazim dilution by content be 80% carbendazim solution through 500 times dilution after obtain, the concentration of aforementioned IBA is 1000mg/kg.
Aforesaid cherry root stock cutting fast breeding method, is characterized in that, after cuttage, the first 7 days sunshade nets with 50-70% carry out whole day and shelter from heat or light, 9 o'clock to 16 o'clock lid sunshade nets after 7 days, 10 o'clock to 14 o'clock lid sunshade nets after 20 days, later proper extension light application time gradually.
Aforesaid cherry root stock cutting fast breeding method, is characterized in that, after cuttage, plays a bactericide every 5 days to 7 days.
Aforesaid cherry root stock cutting fast breeding method, is characterized in that, carbendazim, procymidone, tpn are used alternatingly.
Usefulness of the present invention is: with semi-lignified young sprout for material carries out epicormic branch cuttage, cutting plantation and planting percent high, substantially increase the reproductive efficiency of cherry tree, reduce cost, obstacle has been cleared away in the popularization and application for this stock.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram doing seedbed in canopy;
Fig. 2 is cuttage schematic diagram.
The implication of Reference numeral in figure: 1-drain ditch, 2-river sand layer
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, concrete introduction is done to the present invention.
For GiselaNo.5, fast breeding method of the present invention, it comprises the following steps:
1, seedbed, laid pipes is done
In canopy, vertical booth trend does seedbed, and lays micro-nozzle road.
With reference to Fig. 1, the method doing seedbed is: dig every 2m-3m the ditch (i.e. drain ditch 1) that 20cm is wide, 20cm is dark, the soil pad chosen is in the middle of seedbed, be equivalent to ridging, leveling makes real, and seedbed is padded clean river sand, both sides beveling, form river sand layer 2, the thickness of river sand layer 2 is 20cm, the end face of river sand layer 2 and cuttage furrow face.
2, do cutting orchard, return contracting
Do cutting orchard with 2 years above plantlet in vitro of life, late March carries out returning contracting, strengthens rich water quality management, inspires shoot.
3, fringe is adopted
Late May to early June adopts fringe and cuts by 10cm mono-section and cuts, and bottom is tiltedly cut, top straight snips, stays two panels leaf above.According to the size of leaf, then cut 1/3-2/3 of leaf, do not intersect with cuttage rear blade, to be not overlappingly as the criterion.
4, cuttage
Shear rear every 50 bundlings, dress is neat below, first bottom (2-3cm) is put into carbendazim dilution and soaks 10min, pull out and get rid of several lower drying or dry, again bottom (2-3cm) is put into IBA and dip 30s, pull a moment of slightly drying in the air out and namely carry out cuttage, with reference to Fig. 2, cuttage line-spacing 8cm, spacing in the rows 2-3cm, first draw ditch with wooden stick during cuttage to loosen the soil, cuttage degree of depth 2-3cm, real with hand, do not fall after ensureing water spray, with cuttage with spraying water to keep humidity.
Carbendazim dilution used by content be 80% carbendazim solution through 500 times dilution after obtain.
The concentration of IBA used is 1000mg/kg.
5, water management
Cuttage keeps blade face to have moisture film all the time for first 4 days, can be how indispensable.
4th day to the 7th day, callus can be produced in a large number and partly take root, then seeing leaf phase, see matrix, see that weather is sprayed water, principle is: remain that blade face is open and flat, not curling, the water tariff collection in matrix, at 60-80%, is held agglomerating, put down and namely fall apart, excess moisture easily rotten.
Through observing and statistics, after cuttage, about 20 days rooting rates reach 60-70%, within 30 days, namely take root completely, now can transplant.
6, temperature treatment
Temperature high temperature more than 40 DEG C in general summer canopy, substrate temperature also can reach more than 35 DEG C, the optimum temperature of taking root is 25 DEG C, just spray cooling is needed when air themperature is more than 37 DEG C, ensure that substrate temperature is not higher than 35 DEG C, particularly fine day 12 o'clock to 14 o'clock, note observing, timely spray cooling at any time.
7, sunshade net
First 7 days, carry out whole day with the sunshade net of 50-70% and shelter from heat or light.
After 7 days, 9 o'clock to 16 o'clock lid sunshade nets.
After 20 days, 10 o'clock to 14 o'clock lid sunshade nets, later proper extension light application time gradually.
8, leak informaton
When day temperature is the highest, (being generally 11 o'clock to 14 o'clock noon) leaks informaton 1-3 hour as the case may be, puts wind and apoplexy, can not put end wind.
9, diseases prevention
A bactericide is played every 5 days to 7 days.Carbendazim, procymidone, tpn are used alternatingly.
10, hardening
Through observing, after general cuttage, about 20 days rooting rates can reach 60-70%, control moisture gradually, add intense light irradiation and ventilation, allow continuing of not taking root take root, and allow performing physical exercise of taking root.
Washiness and water deficient are all easily wilted, and need carefully to differentiate, if rot to cause wilting in bottom, are exactly excess moisture, need to control moisture, keep soil humidity slightly partially dry, concrete operations are exactly dry wet wet alternate carries out.
11, transplant
Through observing, general 30-35 days rooting rate can reach more than 85%, now can go out canopy to transplant, dip in mud after lifting to Field planting, when being transplanted to open country, put up sunshade net in advance, transplant off the net, with cultivation with watering, filling with permeable, after 7 days, removing sunshade net, preferably carry out at fine day, overcast and rainy wayward moisture.According to wide-and narrow-row (30cm × 10cm) field planting, through statistics, general survival rate is to more than 85%.
12, nursery is connect
Late August to early September, height of seedling can reach about 80cm, can be used as finished product stock and carried out being with wooden bud grafting nursery.
13, cuttage continuously
After first has been transplanted, carry out spraying disinfection with the liquor potassic permanganate of 0.2-0.5% to matrix, antiseptic solution infiltrates the dark river sand of 0.5cm, then repaves the new river sand that 10cm is thick, and water spray, treats that soil humidity can carry out second batch cuttage to appropriate.
Cuttage due to branch completely aging, meristematic capacity weakens, therefore be difficult to take root, and although young sprout meristematic capacity is very strong, too soft, cuttage operation cannot be carried out, the existing stronger mitogenetic and rootability of semi-lignified young sprout, hardness is applicable to cuttage again, therefore, is the ideal material of cutting propagation.
Mating system of the present invention with semi-lignified young sprout for material carries out epicormic branch cuttage, empirical tests, reproductive efficiency, cutting plantation, planting percent are all high, within about 40 days, can breed a collection of, substantially increase the reproductive efficiency of cherry tree, cutting plantation reaches more than 85%, and planting percent reaches more than 85%, greatly reduce cost, obstacle has been cleared away in the popularization and application for this stock.
It should be noted that, above-described embodiment does not limit the present invention in any form, the technical scheme that the mode that all employings are equal to replacement or equivalent transformation obtains, and all drops in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a cherry root stock cutting fast breeding method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) seedbed, laid pipes is done: in canopy, vertical booth trend does seedbed, and lays micro-nozzle road;
(2) do cutting orchard, return contracting: do cutting orchard with 2 years above plantlet in vitro of life, late March carries out returning contracting;
(3) adopt fringe: late May adopts fringe to early June, and by 10cm mono-section cut cut, bottom is tiltedly cut, top straight snips, stays two panels leaf above;
(4) cuttage: shear rear bundling, following dress is neat, first bottom is put into carbendazim dilution and soaks 10min, pulls out and dries or dry, again IBA is put in bottom and dip 30s, pull a moment of slightly drying in the air out and namely carry out cuttage, cuttage line-spacing 8cm, spacing in the rows 2-3cm, first draw ditch with wooden stick during cuttage and loosen the soil, cuttage degree of depth 2-3cm, real with hand, do not fall after ensureing water spray, with cuttage with spraying water to keep humidity;
(5) water management: cuttage keeps blade face to have moisture film all the time for first 4 days, and remain that blade face is open and flat, not curling afterwards, the water tariff collection in matrix, at 60-80%, is held agglomerating, put down and namely fall apart;
(6) temperature treatment: ensure that substrate temperature is not higher than 35 DEG C;
(7) leak informaton: leak informaton when day temperature is the highest 1-3 hour, put wind and apoplexy;
(8) hardening: after general cuttage, about 20 days rooting rates can reach 60-70%, control moisture gradually, add intense light irradiation and ventilation, allow continuing of not taking root take root, allows performing physical exercise of taking root;
(9) transplant: canopy within 30-35 days, can be gone out and transplant, dip in mud after lifting to Field planting, when being transplanted to open country, put up sunshade net in advance, after 7 days, remove sunshade net;
(10) connect nursery: late August to early September height of seedling can reach about 80cm, can be used as finished product stock and carry out being with wooden bud grafting nursery;
(11) cuttage continuously: after first has been transplanted, carry out spraying disinfection with the liquor potassic permanganate of 0.2-0.5% to matrix, antiseptic solution infiltrates the dark river sand of 0.5cm, then repaves the new river sand that 10cm is thick, water spray, treats that soil humidity can carry out second batch cuttage to appropriate.
2. cherry root stock cutting fast breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step (1), the method doing seedbed is: dig every 2m-3m the ditch that 20cm is wide, 20cm is dark, and the soil pad chosen, in the middle of seedbed, is equivalent to ridging, leveling makes real, seedbed is padded clean river sand, both sides beveling, river sand layer thickness is 20cm.
3. cherry root stock cutting fast breeding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (3), according to the size of leaf, then cuts 1/3-2/3 of leaf, does not intersect with cuttage rear blade, to be not overlappingly as the criterion.
4. cherry root stock cutting fast breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step (4), described carbendazim dilution by content be 80% carbendazim solution through 500 times dilution after obtain, the concentration of described IBA is 1000mg/kg.
5. the cherry root stock cutting fast breeding method according to Claims 1-4 any one, it is characterized in that, after cuttage, the first 7 days sunshade nets with 50-70% carry out whole day and shelter from heat or light, 9 o'clock to 16 o'clock lid sunshade nets after 7 days, 10 o'clock to 14 o'clock lid sunshade nets after 20 days, later proper extension light application time gradually.
6. cherry root stock cutting fast breeding method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, after cuttage, plays a bactericide every 5 days to 7 days.
7. cherry root stock cutting fast breeding method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, carbendazim, procymidone, tpn are used alternatingly.
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105746180A (en) * | 2016-03-07 | 2016-07-13 | 烟台市林业技术推广站 | Method for grafting and propagating oriental cherry by use of cherry rootstock |
| CN105830850A (en) * | 2016-04-18 | 2016-08-10 | 山东省果树研究所 | Quick cultivation method of grafted sweet cherry seedlings |
| CN106069047A (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2016-11-09 | 山东省潍坊市农业科学院 | A kind of difficulty is taken root fruit tree asexual reproduction method |
| CN106069326A (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2016-11-09 | 山东省潍坊市农业科学院 | A kind of difficulty is taken root cherry rootstock Coulter asexual reproduction method |
| CN106069670A (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2016-11-09 | 山东省潍坊市农业科学院 | Drupe fruit tree and the tender slightly cottage method of stock |
| CN106212101A (en) * | 2016-07-27 | 2016-12-14 | 普定县顺和水果苗木种植有限公司 | A kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of Yunnan Fructus Pruni pseudocerasi |
| CN106472232A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2017-03-08 | 胡俊贤 | A kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of cherry tree |
| RU2663304C1 (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-08-03 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Российский государственный аграрный университет - МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева" (ФГБОУ ВО РГАУ - МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева) | Method of garden planting |
| CN114009231A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-02-08 | 石河子大学 | Fast hard branch cutting seedling raising method for punica granatum with soft seeds |
| CN114568140A (en) * | 2022-03-08 | 2022-06-03 | 中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所 | Cultivation method of high-quality dragon fruit stock |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105746180A (en) * | 2016-03-07 | 2016-07-13 | 烟台市林业技术推广站 | Method for grafting and propagating oriental cherry by use of cherry rootstock |
| CN105830850A (en) * | 2016-04-18 | 2016-08-10 | 山东省果树研究所 | Quick cultivation method of grafted sweet cherry seedlings |
| CN105830850B (en) * | 2016-04-18 | 2018-08-21 | 山东省果树研究所 | A kind of sweet cherry grafting fast breeding method |
| CN106069047A (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2016-11-09 | 山东省潍坊市农业科学院 | A kind of difficulty is taken root fruit tree asexual reproduction method |
| CN106069326A (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2016-11-09 | 山东省潍坊市农业科学院 | A kind of difficulty is taken root cherry rootstock Coulter asexual reproduction method |
| CN106069670A (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2016-11-09 | 山东省潍坊市农业科学院 | Drupe fruit tree and the tender slightly cottage method of stock |
| CN106212101A (en) * | 2016-07-27 | 2016-12-14 | 普定县顺和水果苗木种植有限公司 | A kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of Yunnan Fructus Pruni pseudocerasi |
| CN106472232A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2017-03-08 | 胡俊贤 | A kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of cherry tree |
| RU2663304C1 (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-08-03 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Российский государственный аграрный университет - МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева" (ФГБОУ ВО РГАУ - МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева) | Method of garden planting |
| CN114009231A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-02-08 | 石河子大学 | Fast hard branch cutting seedling raising method for punica granatum with soft seeds |
| CN114568140A (en) * | 2022-03-08 | 2022-06-03 | 中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所 | Cultivation method of high-quality dragon fruit stock |
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