CN105706748A - Cedrela sinensis and cedrela toona grafting propagation method - Google Patents
Cedrela sinensis and cedrela toona grafting propagation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105706748A CN105706748A CN201610141884.1A CN201610141884A CN105706748A CN 105706748 A CN105706748 A CN 105706748A CN 201610141884 A CN201610141884 A CN 201610141884A CN 105706748 A CN105706748 A CN 105706748A
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- grafting
- cedrela
- toon
- stock
- scion
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G3/00—Cutting implements specially adapted for horticultural purposes; Delimbing standing trees
- A01G2003/005—Removing buds
Abstract
The invention discloses a cedrela sinensis and cedrela toona grafting propagation method, comprising the following steps: (1) field planting and managing of a stock; (2) collecting and processing of a propagation material; (3) grafting; (4) managing after the grafting. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages (1) excellent characters of prominent growth and good tree shape of cedrela sinensis and cedrela toona stock plants are kept; (2) massive excellent clone seedlings can be propagated, and the problem of difference in growth of common cedrela sinensis and cedrela toona seedlings and after afforestation is solved; (3) an excellent seed garden can be built by using the produced clone seedlings, massive excellent cedrela sinensis and cedrela toona seeds can be produced, the problem of limited fruit setting quantity of excellent single cedrela sinensis and cedrela toona plants is solved, the quality of the cedrela sinensis and cedrela toona seeds and the seedlings is improved and the growth amount or yield after the afforestation can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of propagation by grafiting method, particularly relate to a kind of Tonnae Sinensis, toon propagation by grafiting method.
Background technology
Tonnae Sinensis, toon are Meliaceae, Cedrela fallen leaves or half deciduous tree, and wood quality is good, color is partially red, has the title of China's " mahogany "; it is the precious fast-growing commerical tree species of good China; wherein toon is two grades of national key protected plant of country, and NATURAL DISTRIBUTION is few, natural renovation ability.The toon wildwood of NATURAL DISTRIBUTION, Tonnae Sinensis artificial forest is no lack of form is good, grow rapid fine individual plant and select tree, but it is the diameter 30-150cm big tree do not waited, current Tonnae Sinensis, toon breeding mainly by seminal propagation, it is impossible to preserving the good characteristic of select tree, and seed is very limited；Asexual propagation can preserve the good characteristic of select tree, but adopts the branch of big tree or root system cutting propagation survival rate extremely low, and reproduction speed is extremely slow, it is impossible to meet the demand of the afforestation a large amount of breeding of needs.The present invention adopts the method breeding Tonnae Sinensis of grafting, the big seedling wood of toon select tree, it is possible to solve the vegetative problem of big tree.At present, there is not yet the report with propagation by grafiting Tonnae Sinensis, the big tree clone nursery stock of toon select tree.
Tonnae Sinensis, toon seeding and seedling raising technology: adopt the mature seed of Tonnae Sinensis, toon, be placed on the cryopreservation of 1～5 DEG C after treatment or be saved in aeration-drying place lower than 5 DEG C.Selection has a good transport service, physical features is smooth, soil layer is deep, loosing soil is fertile, the convenient plot of row irrigation is as nursery lot.Use sufficient base manure, deep ploughing and intensive cultivation, and make bed, height of bed 20-30cm, wide 1.0m, furrow width 35cm between every with potassium permanganate 0.5kg after sterilizing, and flatten after spreading fertilizer over the fields the thick Nutrition Soil of one layer of about 2cm on bed surface.The planting seed that the 3-4 month gathered with last year, wherein the seed 6-7 month gathered then also can be sowed by toon, before sowing Tonnae Sinensis seed with 30-35 DEG C, seed soaks after 24 hours by toon with in 40-45 DEG C of warm water, drag for the flat kind kept afloat, pick up the full seed sinking to the bottom, be placed in 25 DEG C of place's accelerating germination.Splitting white rear sowing to the seed having 20%, broadcast sowing or drilling, every mu, with kind of a 2-3kg, is broadcasted sowing and wants uniformly, and drill spacing is 20cm, all covers lid layer Nutrition Soil, lose seed as well after broadcasting, then the Caulis et Folium Oryzae of lid last layer about 3cm.After planting keep ground moistening；When the seed germination having more than 20% is unearthed, overcast and rainy or at dusk time throw off Caulis et Folium Oryzae；When seedling growth to about 8-10cm, after rainy day or cloudy day and at dusk carry out thinning and short covering.Pulling out children's grass in time, execute the aqueous solution of urea of 0.1%, use clean water blade face after fertilising after weeding, dose can increase with the growth of nursery stock afterwards.Land for growing field crops nursery stock grows into November, nursery stock mean height 0.8-1.1cm, the thick 0.5-1cm in footpath, ground, and the qualified nursery stock of per mu yield is generally 1.5 ten thousand strains.This Tonnae Sinensis, toon seeding and seedling raising technology shortcoming be:
1) Tonnae Sinensis, toon seeding and seedling raising belong to sexual propagation, owing to there are differences between the seed of different select trees, the seed of same strain elite stand there is also difference, the nursery stock cultivated can not preserve the good characteristic of maternal plant completely, after afforestation, growth there is also certain difference, it is impossible to reaches uniform effect.
2) Tonnae Sinensis, toon afforestation need substantial amounts of breeding nursery stock, and current domestic Tonnae Sinensis, toon all not yet set up breeding breeding garden, and the seed that Tonnae Sinensis, toon seeding and seedling raising adopt on the market is substantially the seed of arbitrarily collection, seed collecting elite stand is not selected, gather seed is very different and limited amount, quality does not ensure, the nursery stock quality cultivated does not ensure.
3) Tonnae Sinensis, small part growth is prominent in toon, tree-like good select tree, seed amount is very limited, the nursery stock limited amount that seeding and seedling raising is cultivated, it is impossible to meet the demand of a large amount of breeding nursery stock of needs in producing.
Tonnae Sinensis, toon select tree big tree cuttage raise seedling technique: i.e. branch cutting seedling-raising technique: the Tonnae Sinensis 1-5 month, gather 1 year branch of Tonnae Sinensis, toon select tree big tree the toon 5-6 month, it is cut into the cutting of 5-10cm, soak about 30 minutes with certain density root-growing agent, with perlite: Vermiculitum 1:1 does substrate and carries out cuttage.After inserting, temperature keeps more than 25 DEG C, keeps substrate to moisten, and within 7-10 days, sprays carbendazim and sterilizes 1 time, and shelters from heat or light 15-30 days with the sunshade net of 50%.Within 2-3 month, taking root, dig pine substrate and extracted gently by cutting, select the cutting taken root, be transplanted in land for growing field crops or nutritive cube, water permeable 1 time after transplanting, uprooting weed in time, waters and suitably topdresses afterwards.
Tonnae Sinensis, toon select tree big tree root system cuttage raise seedling technique: the 1-3 month, take Tonnae Sinensis, root system thick for toon select tree diameter 1-3cm, it is cut into 8-10cm, clear water soaks 2-3 days, soak 1 hour with root-growing agent again, afterwards by root system with the angle cuttage of 45-60 degree in being mixed with the nursery of vegetable garden soil and peat soil, carry out cuttage by seeding row spacing 5 × 10cm, after inserting, upper section is concordant with soil；Epiphragma about 2 weeks after inserting, late April takes off film；Take sunshade net in the place of distance ground 2m, shelter from heat or light when sunlight is crossed strong with the black sunshade net that light transmittance is 50%；By watering maintenance ground moistening during arid；Timely uprooting weed, keeps weeds not higher than 20cm.This branch, root system cuttage raise seedling technique shortcoming be:
1) Tonnae Sinensis, toon select tree tree height are big, and branch gathers extremely difficult, even if being collected by branch, is directly used in cutting propagation, and with position effect and age effect, cuttage survival rate is extremely low, it is impossible to quickly breed the nursery stock of select tree.
2) Tonnae Sinensis, the big tree well developed root system of toon select tree down grow, the root system gathering 1-3cm is difficult to gather, the extremely difficult germination of excessively thick root system, can not go out the nursery stock of select tree by Fast-propagation.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is to solve above-mentioned deficiency, it is provided that a kind of Tonnae Sinensis, toon propagation by grafiting method.
The above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is realized by following technical scheme: a kind of Tonnae Sinensis, toon propagation by grafiting method, it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) field planting of stock and management: the 1-2 month, adopt common Tonnae Sinensis, toon seedling planting big Tanaka, if nursery stock is higher than 50cm, cutting strunk to about 50cm, according to the seeding row spacing field planting of 40cm × 50cm big Tanaka, irrigates and determines root water；Weeding in time afterwards, pours water during arid；
(2) collection of propagating materials and process: the 3-5 month or JIUYUE gather 1 year raw branch of Tonnae Sinensis, late May to early June or JIUYUE gather toon fine individual plant bottom current-year branch, all raw old branches of band 10cm2, clean water is filled with bucket, branch bottom is immersed in the water 5-10cm, keeps moisture to take back graft base and carry out grafting in time；As can not grafting in time, 2 years raw branches of immersion part are cut 5cm, and branch are cut into 30-40cm, with preservative film parcel tight, be placed on cold preservation in the refrigerator of about 5 DEG C；Or do scion with 1 year raw clone nursery stock of the fine individual plant of breeding, with adopting with grafting；
(3) grafting time and method: the 3-5 month or JIUYUE carry out Tonnae Sinensis grafting, late May to early June or JIUYUE carry out toon grafting, the branch of fine individual plant or the clone nursery stock of breeding with gathering do scion, select field planting survive, footpath 1-2cm, diameter do stock be more than or equal to scion nursery stock, cleft graft is adopted to carry out grafting, Tonnae Sinensis, toon branch or nursery stock are cut into the scion of 4-5cm length, keep 1-2 healthy and strong bud, bud upper port is concordant, and both sides, lower end are all whittled into the inclined-plane of long 3cm；Stock is cut into 10-15cm height, cut from section 1/3, long 3cm, consistent with the scion tangent plane length cut, scion is inserted otch (ensureing that cambium layer laminating is good), tightly wrapping by thinfilms multi-turn, section in grafting face, scion being used that, thinfilms seals, bud only twines thin film；
(4) management after grafting: treat that scion is broken through thin film and germinateed successively, when sprouting grows to 15-20cm, removes clean by the thin film being wound around；When the nursery stock of JIUYUE grafting runs into low temperature freezing-disaster in the winter time, use thin film covering antifreeze；When the young sprout of grafting survival is more than 20cm, carries out the 1st fertilising, carry out the 2nd time after 30 days and topdress, every time every strain ditch sealing fertilizer 10g；When young sprout grows to 30cm, set up pillar, Zhi Zhuchang 1m against stock, young sprout is gently tied up and supports on pillar, the tip need to be tied up 2～3 times the whole year with the growth of young sprout；Erase in time the rudiment on stock, timely weeding, pour water in time during arid.
Present invention advantage compared with prior art is:
(1) Tonnae Sinensis cultivated by the method for grafting, toon fine individual plant clone nursery stock, it is possible to keep Tonnae Sinensis, toon mother plant for cutting growth itself to highlight, the tree-like merit such as well.
(2) utilize Tonnae Sinensis, toon fine individual plant breeding garden that the clone nursery stock of grafting sets up, clone nursery stock excellent in a large number can be bred, the problem that all there is growth differences after solving common Tonnae Sinensis, toon seed Seedling and afforestation thereof.
(3) clone nursery stock of production can be utilized to set up excellent breeding garden, produce the Tonnae Sinensis of a large amount of high-quality, toon seed, solve the problem that Tonnae Sinensis, toon fine individual plant fruit amount are limited, improve the quality of Tonnae Sinensis, toon seed and nursery stock, and improve the increment after its afforestation or yield.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
A kind of Tonnae Sinensis, toon propagation by grafiting method, it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) field planting of stock and management: the 1-2 month, adopt common Tonnae Sinensis, toon seedling planting big Tanaka, if nursery stock is higher than 50cm, cutting strunk to about 50cm, according to the seeding row spacing field planting of 40cm × 50cm big Tanaka, irrigates and determines root water；Weeding in time afterwards, pours water during arid；
(2) collection of propagating materials and process: the 3-5 month or JIUYUE gather 1 year raw branch of Tonnae Sinensis, late May to early June or JIUYUE gather toon fine individual plant bottom current-year branch, all raw old branches of band 10cm2, clean water is filled with bucket, branch bottom is immersed in the water 5-10cm, keeps moisture to take back graft base and carry out grafting in time；As can not grafting in time, 2 years raw branches of immersion part are cut 5cm, and branch are cut into 30-40cm, with preservative film parcel tight, be placed on cold preservation in the refrigerator of about 5 DEG C；Or do scion with 1 year raw clone nursery stock of the fine individual plant of breeding, with adopting with grafting；
(3) grafting time and method: the 3-5 month or JIUYUE carry out Tonnae Sinensis grafting, late May to early June or JIUYUE carry out toon grafting, the branch of fine individual plant or the clone nursery stock of breeding with gathering do scion, select field planting survive, footpath 1-2cm, diameter do stock be more than or equal to scion nursery stock, cleft graft is adopted to carry out grafting, Tonnae Sinensis, toon branch or nursery stock are cut into the scion of 4-5cm length, keep 1-2 healthy and strong bud, bud upper port is concordant, and both sides, lower end are all whittled into the inclined-plane of long 3cm；Stock is cut into 10-15cm height, cut from section 1/3, long 3cm, consistent with the scion tangent plane length cut, scion is inserted otch (ensureing that cambium layer laminating is good), tightly wrapping by thinfilms multi-turn, section in grafting face, scion being used that, thinfilms seals, bud only twines thin film；
(4) management after grafting: treat that scion is broken through thin film and germinateed successively, when sprouting grows to 15-20cm, removes clean by the thin film being wound around；When the nursery stock of JIUYUE grafting runs into low temperature freezing-disaster in the winter time, use thin film covering antifreeze；When the young sprout of grafting survival is more than 20cm, carries out the 1st fertilising, carry out the 2nd time after 30 days and topdress, every time every strain ditch sealing fertilizer 10g；When young sprout grows to 30cm, set up pillar, Zhi Zhuchang 1m against stock, young sprout is gently tied up and supports on pillar, the tip need to be tied up 2～3 times the whole year with the growth of young sprout；Erase in time the rudiment on stock, timely weeding, pour water in time during arid.
The present invention adopts the method for propagation by grafiting, it is possible to Tonnae Sinensis that quickly breeding goes out, toon fine individual plant clone nursery stock, accelerates the reproduction speed of Tonnae Sinensis, toon fine individual plant clone nursery stock；With the breeding garden of the fine individual plant of its foundation, produce the seed of a large amount of high-quality, improve the quality of Tonnae Sinensis, toon seed and nursery stock, thus improving the increment after its afforestation or yield.
The present invention adopts propagation by grafiting to belong to asexual propagation, the clone nursery stock that scion grafting obtains is done, it is possible to keep the merit of mother plant for cutting itself, the clone nursery stock uniform quality of cultivation by the branch of employing Tonnae Sinensis, toon fine individual plant, after afforestation uniform, be absent from growth differences.
The present invention adopts the breeding garden that the Tonnae Sinensis of propagation by grafiting, toon fine individual plant clone nursery stock are set up, produce the seed of a large amount of high-quality, solve the problem that Tonnae Sinensis, toon fine individual plant seed amount are limited, and the nursery stock of available grafting survival sets up cutting orchard, by cuttage or group training, cultivate the clone nursery stock of a large amount of fine individual plant, meet the demand of a large amount of breeding nursery stock of needs in Tonnae Sinensis, toon production.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention; not thereby the scope of the claims of the present invention is limited; every equivalent structure utilizing description of the present invention and embodiment content to make or equivalence flow process conversion; or directly or indirectly it is used in other relevant technical fields, all in like manner include in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a Tonnae Sinensis, toon propagation by grafiting method, it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) field planting of stock and management: the 1-2 month, adopt common Tonnae Sinensis, toon seedling planting big Tanaka, if nursery stock is higher than 50cm, cutting strunk to about 50cm, according to the seeding row spacing field planting of 40cm × 50cm big Tanaka, irrigates and determines root water；Weeding in time afterwards, pours water during arid；
(2) collection of propagating materials and process: the 3-5 month or JIUYUE gather 1 year raw branch of Tonnae Sinensis, late May to early June or JIUYUE gather toon fine individual plant bottom current-year branch, all raw old branches of band 10cm2, clean water is filled with bucket, branch bottom is immersed in the water 5-10cm, keeps moisture to take back graft base and carry out grafting in time；As can not grafting in time, 2 years raw branches of immersion part are cut 5cm, and branch are cut into 30-40cm, with preservative film parcel tight, be placed on cold preservation in the refrigerator of about 5 DEG C；Or do scion with 1 year raw clone nursery stock of the fine individual plant of breeding, with adopting with grafting；
(3) grafting time and method: the 3-5 month or JIUYUE carry out Tonnae Sinensis grafting, late May to early June or JIUYUE carry out toon grafting, the branch of fine individual plant or the clone nursery stock of breeding with gathering do scion, select field planting to survive, footpath 1-2cm, diameter do stock be more than or equal to the nursery stock of scion, adopt cleft graft to carry out grafting.Tonnae Sinensis, toon branch or nursery stock being cut into the scion of 4-5cm length, keeps 1-2 healthy and strong bud, bud upper port is concordant, and both sides, lower end are all whittled into the inclined-plane of long 3cm；Stock is cut into 10-15cm height, cut from section 1/3, long 3cm, consistent with the scion tangent plane length cut, scion is inserted otch (ensureing that cambium layer laminating is good), tightly wrapping by thinfilms multi-turn, section in grafting face, scion being used that, thinfilms seals, bud only twines thin film；
(4) management after grafting: treat that scion is broken through thin film and germinateed successively, when sprouting grows to 15-20cm, removes clean by the thin film being wound around；When the nursery stock of JIUYUE grafting runs into low temperature freezing-disaster in the winter time, use thin film covering antifreeze；When the young sprout of grafting survival is more than 20cm, carries out the 1st fertilising, carry out the 2nd time after 30 days and topdress, every time every strain ditch sealing fertilizer 10g；When young sprout grows to 30cm, set up pillar, Zhi Zhuchang 1m against stock, young sprout is gently tied up and supports on pillar, the tip need to be tied up 2～3 times the whole year with the growth of young sprout；Erase in time the rudiment on stock, timely weeding, pour water in time during arid.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106941936A (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2017-07-14 | 四川省林业科学研究院 | The big tree childrenization method of hardwood nanmu |
| CN111492884A (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2020-08-07 | 南宁市林业科学研究所 | Method for constructing cedrela sinensis cutting orchard |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106941936A (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2017-07-14 | 四川省林业科学研究院 | The big tree childrenization method of hardwood nanmu |
| CN111492884A (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2020-08-07 | 南宁市林业科学研究所 | Method for constructing cedrela sinensis cutting orchard |
| CN111492884B (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2021-08-31 | 南宁市林业科学研究所 | Method for constructing cedrela sinensis cutting orchard |
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