RU2663304C1 - Method of garden planting - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture, namely, to horticulture, and can be used in planting of a fruitery. Method includes planting of rootstocks into the garden, their budding and further formation of a fruit tree with a center extension shoot. In this case, preliminary on the seed rootstocks in the first year additional formation of side shoots is stimulated by their pinching. Then in autumn, two-year rootstocks with developed lateral shoots are planted in the garden. In spring of next year, rootstocks are given a horizontal position. In summer, all the lateral shoots of a rootstock, growing vertically upwards and growing horizontally on the ground, are budded in a variety, and shoots of the stock, growing down, are removed.EFFECT: method allows to accelerate the creation of a fruit tree with a large number of extension shoots.1 cl, 1 dwg, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, namely to gardening, and can be used when laying a fruit orchard.

The modern intensive garden provides for the use of dwarf trees. In order to get a dwarf tree, use dwarf rootstocks (G.V. Trusevich, Rootstocks of fruit crops. Publishing House Kolos, 1964), which are ovulated either in a nursery or planted in a garden (A.V. Provorochenko Modern types intensive plantings of cherry plum. Materials of the international conference. Horticulture and viticulture of the 21st century. 1999). In the latter case, productivity during budding is less due to the large distances between stocks.

One of the drawbacks of undersized stocks is their weak anchor and the need for systematic irrigation.

An alternative to weak rootstocks can be the formation of a fruit tree in the garden on a medium rootstock, when not one central conductor, but several (A.V. Provorochenko, N.I. Varfolomeyeva. Modern designs of sweet cherry stands. Nursery, private garden No. 3 (27), 2014) - prototype.

However, the formation of such a tree requires a long time (3-4 years).

Based on the analysis of the existing level, it was revealed that the technical problem in this area is the long term of the fruiting of fruit trees. The technical result of the invention is to reduce the cost of laying a garden and the rapid creation of a fruit tree with a large number of conductors.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that in the method of laying the garden, which includes planting stocks in the garden, their budding and further formation of a fruit tree with a central conductor, previously on seed stocks in the first year they stimulate the additional formation of lateral shoots by tweezing, then two-year olds rootstocks with developed lateral shoots are planted in the garden, in the spring of next year the rootstocks are given a horizontal position at a distance of 15-20 cm from the ground, in summer all lateral shoots are the twin trees growing vertically upward and growing horizontally on the ground are budged with the stock variety, and the shoots of the rootstock growing downward are removed. In the spring of next year, the lateral shoots of the rootstock are cut off above the ocular kidney.

The diagram shows a general view of a fruit tree.

An example of a specific implementation of the method.

One-year seed stocks of pears, when they reach a height of 50-70 cm, were pinched to stimulate the additional formation of lateral shoots. Two-year stocks with developed lateral shoots were planted vertically in the garden in the spring, in the spring they were given a horizontal position so that the distance from the ground was 15-20 cm. In the summer of next year, all side shoots growing vertically upward and growing horizontally to the ground were budged with the butt variety. The side shoots growing down were removed. In the spring of next year, the lateral shoots of the stock were cut off over the ocular kidney. By the fall, the oculants reached a height of 60-80 cm. On average, 6 oculants developed per average meter. The oculants, which developed closer to the root system of the stock, formed 1-2 side shoots of the spear type and 2-3 gloves. If we take into account that the number of oculants per hectare with a row spacing of 4 m is 15,000, and for one crop of 1 kg, then the productivity of the garden will be 15 t / ha.

Findings. The method allows to form crowns with a large number of conductors and reduce the cost of laying a garden.

The proposed method will be especially effective when using colonized varieties of various fruit crops.

Claims (1)

The method of planting a garden, including planting rootstocks in the garden, their budding and further formation of a fruit tree with a central conductor, characterized in that first on seed stocks in the first year they stimulate the additional formation of lateral shoots by their pinching, then in the autumn two-year-old stocks with developed lateral shoots are planted into the garden, in the spring of next year, the rootstocks are given a horizontal position; in summer, all the lateral shoots of the rootstock, growing vertically upward and growing horizontally to the ground, eyepard for example grade and grade shoots, growing down, are removed.

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