SU843848A1 - S.r.lerner's method of forming spur gardens - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to agriculture, namely to gardening, and can be applied in the formation of fruit plants by the type of spur.

Methods are known for forming crowns of spur-like trees of the type “Gruzbek”, which do not provide for pruning in the crown and shortening the shoots to continue the central conductor, except for removing very strong and very weak shoots, as well as shoots formed on the shtambe. As a result, slightly directly developed fruit branches are laid along the central trunk, without the development of wood of the semi-skeletal type 1, 2J. However, most fruit growers consider it more promising for spur orchards to form, foresee, grow, ike skeletal branches, including brown ones, characterized by a large productive period of trees and allowing them to form gardens like hedges without using trellis by linking skeletal branches in a row with branches of the corresponding rus of a neighboring tree.

All known methods of forming such crowns provide for shortening (trimming) the center conductor within 3-4 years while forming each

of the next rus or group of skeletal branches 3, 4.

A disadvantage of the known methods is a long (over the years) period.

the formation and the associated delay in the entry of trees into fruiting.

There is a known method of crown formation, which provides for the first, since planting, seedlings, the shortening of the stem at a height of 25-35 cm above the bud, located on the side of the inter-row spacings. Of the shoots developed below the cut, three are left; continuation of escape and two lateral, oppositely located in the plane

some of them are the first rus, the rest of the shoots are broken out in a grassy state. In the second year, the central conductor is cut at a height of 30-60 cm from the branches of the first rus and from the shoots that have developed below the slice, form (similarly to the first rus) the second Rus. The third rus of skeletal branches is laid in the same way. Then on the skeletal branches of the first order to lay the branches

second time Formation finish 4-5 year 5.

The disadvantage of this method is a very long formation period, which requires considerable labor and

not allowing fruit formations in the first years of the garden's life, and therefore, delaying the entry of trees into fruiting.

The purpose of the invention is the speeding up of the formation of Rus, its completion in 1-2 years while receiving fruit formations from the first year of the garden's life and thereby ensuring faster entry of trees into fruiting.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the bookmark of the rushes of the crowns of the trees are dried simultaneously 10–15 days after planting the plants from the buds, and two buds are left at the height of the first and second russes 40–45 cm from the root collar and at the height of the third the rusa is 35-40 cm above the second radius, leaving three to four buds, and the remaining buds are removed; after 15–20 days, the newly budded buds are removed, then shoots that have developed from the upper buds, when they reach 5–8 cm, stop in growth and in the following, all the shoots that grow in the direction of the aisles side, sent them down.

The growth of the upper shoots is suspended by pinching, bending, etc., thereby ensuring the uniform development of the shoots of all Russes.

By breaking up the shoots from the upper side at the base and sending them down, they provide a tab for fruit formations in the same year with fruiting for the next year.

Thus, within one or at the most two years (if the length of the seedling does not allow, the third rus is formed in the second year), the seedlings are formed and fruit formations are obtained on them, providing the harvest from the third year.

Example. High-quality annual saplings of varieties of blons of the “spur” type, grafted on the wilderness, were bred into the well prepared and fertilized soil according to scheme 4 (inter-row) X 1.5 (in a row), which is 1,667 trees per 1 ha.

After planting seedlings in a row between trees (two holes), it is advisable to plant vegetables and melons with the aim of using the land, reduce the cost of seedlings and for subsequent use of tops of melons and vegetables for wrapping the saplings against rodents (hares). Then strictly observe the maintenance works planned for the garden, including tillage, a set of protective measures against pests and diseases, timely watering, etc.

10-15 days after planting, as soon as the buds swell along their entire length, they are removed from the soil surface along the Shtambu, leaving two at a height of 40

45 cm, oriented in opposite directions, for the first Russian; after 40–45 cm above these buds, two more are left for the second rus, and after 35–40 cm above (if the length of the seedling permits), another 3-4 buds for laying the third rus and escaping. Another 15–20 days after that, the seedlings were inspected, in which the buds were removed on the trunk and on the trunk between the roots of the bud by the method of washing.

During the summer, the development of two or three strong shoots is observed from the upper buds of the seedling, which, upon reaching a length of 5-8 cm, stop their growth (for example, bend down or pinch), which ensures the uniform development of the shoots of all Russes. In subsequent years, the extra shoots, which appeared in Rus and directed towards the aisles, bend down and naglama at the base from their upper side. The skeletal branches of each Rus are associated with the branches of the corresponding Rus of the neighboring tree, thereby ensuring the stability of the trees, fixing the desired position of the branches, which eliminates the need for a trellis. Formed garden has the form of hedge 1.8-2.0 m high and 1.0-1.2 m wide.

This method of forming gardens allows you to get fully pruned trees with fruit formations at a time of 1–2 years (instead of 4–5 years) with much less labor (usually pruning for 4–5 years annually and t, e .), providing the entry of the garden into fruiting from 2-3 years.

Claims (1)

1. Achievements in horticulture HP Volga-4. Author's certificate of the USSR of ria and Moldavian SSR. Chisinau, Maps No. 632325, cl. And 01G 1/00, 1976. Kolodvenskiy, Plovdiv, “Hristo G. Yes- 5 5. Romanov V. G. Fruit growing since 1973, p. 23-60. Of ornamental gardening in the southern zone. 2. Kandaurova EF, Smykov V.K. Sor-no. M., “Kolos, 1976, p. 155-162 (prototyp of the Blon type “spur. Chisinau,“ Cards type ”). Moldovan Ske, 1974, p. 23-24. 843848