SU1523117A1 - Method of growing grape seedlings - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to vineyard nursery. The purpose of the invention is to increase the yield of first-class seedlings. The lengthy cuttings harvested in autumn after storage are cut into single-eyed in spring and planted in greenhouses for rooting in artificial fog conditions. At the same time large-leaved varieties are planted at 150-200 pcs / m ² , small-leaved - 250-300 pcs / m ² . The tops of plants that are far ahead in growth are pinched, then all the shoots are cut at a height of 30-40 cm with getting the ripened part of the seedling at least 15 cm. Before digging up the seedlings from the greenhouse, their shoots are re-cut at a height of 20-25 cm and laid for storage. In spring, seedlings are planted in open ground.

Description

This invention relates to grape nursery.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the yield of first-class seedlings.

Example. In autumn, ripe cuttings with a length of up to 1 M were harvested on the mother liquor and stored in a refrigerator in plastic bags at O-2 ° C. In the spring of May, when the soil temperature at a depth of 5 cm in a film greenhouse reaches 20 ° C, the cuttings were cut into single-eyed and planted 200 pieces each. according to the scheme 7X7 cm in a substrate consisting of equal volumetric parts of sod soil, humus and sawdust. A substrate layer with a thickness of 25–30 cm is located on a carysite layer 15 cm thick.

Odnoglazkovye soaked in water, the cuttings were planted at a depth of see. Cuttings with long internodes were planted obliquely, so that the lower part was located at a depth of not more than 4 cm.

Green one-eye cuttings with a third leaf blade left on them were harvested from broken main and stepson shoots in May-June in buckets of water for 1 hour, brought to the greenhouse for cutting one-eye cuttings from them and planted according to the 7X7 cm scheme

Planted single-eye matured and single-eye green cuttings are rooted under conditions of artificial fog, keeping the surface of the cuttings constantly wet.

After the roots were formed on the cuttings, a solution of greenhouse fertilizer with a concentration of 0.2% was used instead of water for misting. Watering with fertilizer for 4 days. alternated with irrigation with water for 6 days .. The tops of the shoots of plants that were much faster than the plants were nipped. All shoots were cut at a height of 30-40 cm, when their length reached 40-50 cm. There is no need to tie up such shoots.

LJ is due to the fact that under the conditions of thickening all shoots grow thin, very few stepsons are formed on them. Therefore, work on their removal is not carried out.

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By the end of the first year of vegetation, all shoots ripen by no less than 15 cm. This indicator determines the obtaining of a standard length of seedlings after the second year of their vegetation in the shkolka.

Before digging out seedlings from the greenhouse at the end of the first year of the growing season, their shoots were cut at a height of 20-25 cm, dug out and stored at -4 ° C, placing the roots in sand or sawdust,

In the spring, after passing through frosts, the seedlings were planted in open-air shkoluku to a depth of 15-20 cm, leaving the upper eye at ground level. To reduce the desiccation of the upper part of the shoots, their ends were paraffin before planting the seedlings. In a school, the distance in rows between 10 cm long beds, between 2 meter rows. During the growing season, the school was watered, maintaining the soil CWP not

below 80%. Top dressing was carried out in May, June and July with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, 20 kg each of its active substance per 1 ha. In August, nitrogen fertilizers were shut down. Agrotechnika care for seedlings in shkolke open ground obsheprin - that.

The data on the length of the ripened part of the shoots of annual shortened seedlings on the yield and quality of the standard two-year-old seedlings (variety Antay Magarach) are given in the table.

Analysis of the data on the yield of standard seedlings showed that in the general variation of the value of this indicator, the share of the influence of the length of ripened growth of shortened seedlings is 80.0%, the share of the conditions of the year of growing 6.1%, the combination of these factors 8.9% and the share of influence of uncontrollable factors is 5%. At the same time, after growing in a small school, the percentage yield of two-year-old standard seedlings depended little on the length of non-standard annual seedlings. With the increase in the length of the ripened part of the one-year increase in non-standard seedlings, all the quality indicators of the standard seedlings grown from it improved. By the number of roots with a diameter of 2 mm, all seedlings for the second year correspond to the standard. But according to such indicators as the length of the matured shoot and its diameter, standard seedlings can be obtained only if they are grown from non-standard seedlings, the length of the ripe part of the shoot that was not less than 15 cm.

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Improving the quality of seedlings is achieved by two years of cultivation and a better survival rate of shortened seedlings in the spring after storage compared to transplanting vegetative plants from rooted cuttings in summer.

The increase in production of seedlings per unit area of greenhouses is achieved due to

an increase in the number of planted cuttings per unit area of greenhouses (200 pcs / m) to obtain shortened seedlings in the first year and their subsequent growing in the second year to a standard schooling, compared with 33-4i scht. rooted cuttings per 1 m of greenhouse area for growing standard seedlings in it during one growing season.

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Claims (1)

Invention Formula The method of production of grape seedlings, including planting cuttings in a protected ground, pruning the entire growth on the vine, care and digging, different 1523117 56 By the fact that, in order to increase the output of the trans-pinch tops of the advancing in growth seedlings, as planting plants, and pruning the entire growth of the wire material use single-eyed t-d at a height of 30-40 cm with getting rents that are not less than 15 cm from the seedling into the protected ground of the mature part, planted thickly, with a large-5 before digging, re-pruning leaf varieties are planted 150 times in total to a height of 20–25 cm, and 200 scht / m fine-leaved — 250 seedlings are transplanted by up to 300 schm / m, then sprouting in open ground sparsely.