CN105453983A - Sowing propagation method for oriental arborvitae - Google Patents

Sowing propagation method for oriental arborvitae Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105453983A
CN105453983A CN201510959857.0A CN201510959857A CN105453983A CN 105453983 A CN105453983 A CN 105453983A CN 201510959857 A CN201510959857 A CN 201510959857A CN 105453983 A CN105453983 A CN 105453983A
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seed
soil
arbor
vitae
water
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不公告发明人
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Qingdao Bairuiji Biological Engineering Co Ltd
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Qingdao Bairuiji Biological Engineering Co Ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005Cultivation methods
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a sowing propagation method for oriental arborvitae. The method comprises following steps: (1) seed collecting; (2) soil preparation; (3) sowing; and (4) seedling management. In the step (1), cones of oriental arborvitae mother trees are collected in autumn of the first year, and the collected cones are solarized, desquamated and screened so as to obtain seeds. In the step (2), sandy loam is employed as the breeding field, organic fertilizer is applied in the breeding field; the breeding field is deeply ploughed and raked; and beds are made after the breeding field is shallowly ploughed and raked in spring of the second year. In the step (3), sowing is performed in spring; soil on bed surfaces are completely watered before sowing; ditches are made in the beds and then drill sowing is performed; and the seeds are covered with soil after the sowing. In the step (4), Bordeaux mixture (0.8%) is sprayed on seedlings once every 8-10 days after the seedlings come up; the seedlings are completely watered once every 10-15 days during a seedling growing period; thinning is performed, weeding is carried out and soil is loosened when the seedlings are 5cm high; performing top application of fertilizer for 2-3 times during a seedling fast growing period; the soil is watered by freezing water before the soil freezes in winter; and the seedlings are covered with soil for cold protection. By employing the method, the propagation quantity and survival rate of the oriental arborvitae can be effectively increased and improved, and the oriental arborvitae has developed root systems and beautiful crown shapes.

Description

A kind of seed propagation method of arbor-vitae
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of seed propagation method of trees, particularly relate to a kind of seed propagation method of arbor-vitae, belong to agriculture trees and bring up technical field.
Background technology
Arbor-vitae, belongs to aiphyllium, another name arborvitae, Xiang Shu, golden cypress, Japan cypress, and it is cold-resistant, drought-enduring, anti-saline and alkaline that moistening fertile well-drained calcareous soil is born in happiness, and level land or overhanging cliff can grow; On the mountain region of dry, poor ridge, poor growth, plant is thin and delicate, shallow root, but side root is flourishing, and germinating strong, resistance to pruning, life-span are long, anti-flue dust, the pernicious gases such as anti-sulphur dioxide, hydrogen chloride, and distribution extensively, is that China applies one of the most general ornamental trees and shrubs; Arbor-vitae, in afforestation, has indispensable status, can be used for around trade, booth garden, both sides, gate, greenery patches, inside and outside roadside flower bed and wall, all extremely attractive in appearance, seedling can do hedgerow, and isolation strip enclosure wall is interspersed, and is conventional plant in urban afforestation, arbor-vitae has very strong endurance to vitiated air,, roadside plantation at the intersections in urban district, well-grown, does not hinder sight line, absorption dust, purifies air; Arbor-vitae group planting, under window, by door, has and intersperses effect, the summer green Chinese ilex, not shading line, do not hinder the visual field, especially more aobvious life in snow, arbor-vitae plant in lawn, flower bed, mountain stone, sylvan life, greening level can be increased, enrich and view and admire aesthetic feeling, its stain resistance, cold resistance, drought-resistant feature, in the greening of the north, is able to good performance.
The material of arbor-vitae is solid durable, can for materials such as building, utensil, furniture, farm implements and stationery, and arbor-vitae also has multiple medical value, therefore, the value of arbor-vitae is very high, and the modes of reproduction of current arbor-vitae is mainly based on seed growing, survival rate is lower, can not meet the need of market.
Summary of the invention
For solving the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of seed propagation method of arbor-vitae, effectively improve the seed propagation survival rate of arbor-vitae.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A seed propagation method for arbor-vitae, comprises the following steps:
(1) collect seed: First Year autumn, the fruit squama of arbor-vitae elite stand cone is plucked when dark green becomes yellow green and to split mouthful; The cone plucked is tanned by the sun, desquamation, screening obtain seed;
(2) wholely: adopt sandy loam to do nursery, during First Year autumn, apply fertilizer, plough deeply and rake, Second Year spring shallow turn over rake after make bed;
(3) sow: in sowing in spring, water before sowing and fill with saturating bed surface soil, with copper-bath or liquor potassic permanganate seed soaking, after seed soaking, vernalization process is carried out to seed, drilling of ditching in bed, after planting suppression of soil;
(4) seedling management: after nursery stock is unearthed, sprayed 1 0.8% bordeaux mixture every 8-10 days, spray 3-5 time continuously, once permeable every pouring in 10-15 days in the seedling growth phase, thinning is carried out and weeding is loosened the soil during nursery stock height 5cm, topdress 2-3 time at nursery stock Fast-growing stage, water immediately after topdressing, the freeze-up water of the freeze-up front pouring of soil in winter, soil burial winter protection is carried out to nursery stock, 3rd year spring removed to bury soil and water at twice pours water, and annual weeding is loosened the soil, and topdresses 2-3 time; In 4th year spring, outplanting is transplanted.
Further, in order to increase full weight and the germination rate of arbor-vitae seed, step (1) described harvesting arbor-vitae elite stand is the arbor-vitae elite stand of the age of tree more than 30 years.
Further, in order to improve the fertility of nursery soil, the weight applying fertilizer described in step (2) is every mu of 3000-5000kg, and described fertilizer is any one in compost, green manure, barnyard manure, and the soil of nursery can be made more fertile.
Further, in order to make the fertilizer applied plough under in the soil of nursery, soil is fully contacted with fertilizer, the degree of depth of ploughing deeply described in step (2) is 30cm, and the described shallow degree of depth of turning over is 20cm.
Further, the long 30m of bed of bed is described in step (2), wide 1m, high 20cm, drilling of ditching in bed described in step (3) is capable at the longitudinal drilling 3-5 of bed surface, sown scope 5-10cm, horizontal drilling sown scope 3-5cm, line-spacing 10cm, after planting earthing 1-1.5cm, be conducive to the sprouting of arbor-vitae seed, and grow between the seedling in later stage.
Further, the bed surface behind step (3) described suppression of soil is also covered with straw, is conducive to nursery preserving soil moisture.
Further, in order to better sterilize to arbor-vitae seed, the described copper-bath seed soaking of step (3) is soaked seed 1.5 hours with 0.5% copper-bath, and described liquor potassic permanganate seed soaking is soaked seed 2 hours with 0.5% liquor potassic permanganate.
Further, step (3) described vernalization process is any one that mixed snow buries in method of hiding, mixed husky germination hastening method, water seed soaking germination hastening method; It is after entering winter that described mixed snow buries method of hiding, infiltrate in seed by 3 times of seed volume and avenge and stir, then put into and store up in son, at grain bin straw screen or mat up and down and all around, the snow of 10 cm thicks is pressed from both sides between straw screen or mat and grain bin, place bundled straws in the outside of straw screen or mat again, until sowing is taken out for first 4 days, dry in the shade after filtering out seed and namely sow; Described mixed husky germination hastening method be prior to seeding 20 days by the water logging kind 24 hour of seed with 28 DEG C, then seed is pulled out, infiltrate after humidity is greater than the fine sand of 90% by 2 times of seed volume and stir, then the indoor that wooden case is placed on 28 DEG C are put into, every day is stirred 2-3 time, and spray the water of 30 DEG C at any time, namely sow after having the seed of more than 40% to split mouth; Described water seed soaking germination hastening method is by the water logging kind 24 hour of seed with 45 DEG C, is then pulled out by seed to be placed on cloudy place and to spread airing out, within one day, with warm water washing 2 times, namely sows after having the seed of more than 40% to split mouth; Three kinds of germination hastening methods effectively can improve the germination rate of arbor-vitae seed in soil and survival rate.
Further, because the empty grain of arbor-vitae seed is more, therefore, before step (3) described sowing, also comprises the step of seed being carried out to wet concentration, the empty grain swum on the water surface is pulled out, improve the quality of seed.
Further, because the arbor-vitae seedlings root after being unearthed is also undeveloped, easily washed upside down by the water watered, and avoid soil on bed to occur waterlogging, therefore, the mode of pouring described in step (4) is watered in sprinkling irrigation or side.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: by rationally sowing the arbor-vitae seed plucked, the seedling management of science, be conducive to promoting growing of arbor-vitae seedling root, the reproductive number of effective raising arbor-vitae and survival rate, and the crown gracefulness of arbor-vitae that this method breeds, increase the aesthetic property of greenbelt, well developed root system, transplanting success is high.
embodiment:
Concrete introduction is done to the present invention below.
Embodiment one
A seed propagation method for arbor-vitae, comprises the following steps:
(1) collect seed: First Year autumn, the fruit squama of arbor-vitae elite stand cone is plucked when dark green becomes yellow green and to split mouthful; And the cone plucked is tanned by the sun, desquamation, screening obtain seed; The present embodiment, in order to increase full weight and the germination rate of arbor-vitae seed, plucks the arbor-vitae elite stand that arbor-vitae elite stand is the age of tree more than 30 years.
(2) wholely: adopt sandy loam to do nursery, during First Year autumn, apply fertilizer, plough deeply and rake, Second Year spring shallow turn over rake after make bed; The long 30m of bed, wide 1m, high 20cm, the present embodiment is in order to improve the fertility of nursery soil, and the weight applying organic compost is every mu of 3000kg, makes the soil of nursery more fertile, plough under in the soil of nursery to make the organic compost applied, soil is fully contacted with organic compost, and the degree of depth of ploughing deeply in the present embodiment is 30cm, and the shallow degree of depth of turning over is 20cm.
(3) sow: sow in spring, water before sowing and fill with saturating bed surface soil, wet concentration is carried out to seed, the empty grain swum on the water surface is pulled out, improve the quality of seed, soak seed 1.5 hours with 0.5% copper-bath, after seed soaking, vernalization process is carried out to seed, to ditch in bed drilling, after planting suppression of soil; The present embodiment drilling of ditching in bed is at longitudinal drilling 3 row of bed surface, sown scope 8cm, horizontal drilling sown scope 5cm, line-spacing 10cm, and after planting earthing 1.3cm, is conducive to the sprouting of arbor-vitae seed, and grows between the seedling in later stage; The bed surface of the present embodiment behind suppression of soil is also covered with straw, is conducive to nursery preserving soil moisture; In the present embodiment, bury by mixed snow method of hiding to carry out vernalization process to arbor-vitae seed, it is after entering winter that described mixed snow buries method of hiding, infiltrate in seed by 3 times of seed volume and avenge and stir, then put into and store up in son, at grain bin straw screen or mat up and down and all around, the snow of 10 cm thicks is pressed from both sides between straw screen or mat and grain bin, bundled straws is placed again in the outside of straw screen or mat, until sowing is taken out for first 4 days, dry in the shade after filtering out seed and namely sow, effectively can improve the germination rate of arbor-vitae seed in soil and survival rate.
(4) seedling management: after nursery stock is unearthed, every spray in 9 days 1 0.8% bordeaux mixture, sprays 3 times continuously, once permeable every pouring in 10 days in the seedling growth phase, carry out thinning during nursery stock height 5cm and weeding is loosened the soil, topdress 2 times at nursery stock Fast-growing stage, water immediately after topdressing, because the arbor-vitae seedlings root after being unearthed is also undeveloped, easily washed upside down by the water watered, and, avoid soil on bed to occur waterlogging, therefore, the pouring mode in the present embodiment is that sprinkling irrigation is watered; The freeze-up water of the freeze-up front pouring of soil in winter, carry out soil burial winter protection to nursery stock, the 3rd year spring removed to bury soil and water at twice pours water, and annual weeding is loosened the soil, and topdresses 3 times; In 4th year spring, outplanting is transplanted.
Embodiment two
A seed propagation method for arbor-vitae, comprises the following steps:
(1) collect seed: First Year autumn, the fruit squama of arbor-vitae elite stand cone is plucked when dark green becomes yellow green and to split mouthful; And the cone plucked is tanned by the sun, desquamation, screening obtain seed; The present embodiment, in order to increase full weight and the germination rate of arbor-vitae seed, plucks the arbor-vitae elite stand that arbor-vitae elite stand is the age of tree more than 35 years.
(2) wholely: adopt sandy loam to do nursery, during First Year autumn, apply fertilizer, plough deeply and rake, Second Year spring shallow turn over rake after make bed; The long 30m of bed, wide 1m, high 20cm, the present embodiment is in order to improve the fertility of nursery soil, and the weight applying organic green manure is every mu of 5000kg, makes the soil of nursery more fertile, plough under in the soil of nursery to make the organic green manure applied, soil is fully contacted with organic green manure, and the degree of depth of ploughing deeply in the present embodiment is 30cm, and the shallow degree of depth of turning over is 20cm.
(3) sow: sow in spring, water before sowing and fill with saturating bed surface soil, wet concentration is carried out to seed, the empty grain swum on the water surface is pulled out, improve the quality of seed, soak seed 1.5 hours with 0.5% copper-bath, after seed soaking, vernalization process is carried out to seed, to ditch in bed drilling, after planting suppression of soil; The present embodiment drilling of ditching in bed is at longitudinal drilling 4 row of bed surface, sown scope 5cm, horizontal drilling sown scope 3cm, line-spacing 10cm, and after planting earthing 1.5cm, is conducive to the sprouting of arbor-vitae seed, and grows between the seedling in later stage; The bed surface of the present embodiment behind suppression of soil is also covered with straw, is conducive to nursery preserving soil moisture; In the present embodiment,, by mixed husky germination hastening method, vernalization process is carried out to arbor-vitae seed, described mixed husky germination hastening method be prior to seeding 20 days by the water logging kind 24 hour of seed with 28 DEG C, then pull seed out, infiltrate after humidity is greater than the fine sand of 90% by 2 times of seed volume and stir, then put into the indoor that wooden case is placed on 28 DEG C, stir 2 every day, 3 times can certainly be stirred, and spray the water of 30 DEG C at any time, namely sow after having the seed of more than 40% to split mouth; Effectively can improve the germination rate of arbor-vitae seed in soil and survival rate.
(4) seedling management: after nursery stock is unearthed, every spray in 8 days 1 0.8% bordeaux mixture, sprays 4 times continuously, once permeable every pouring in 13 days in the seedling growth phase, carry out thinning during nursery stock height 5cm and weeding is loosened the soil, topdress 3 times at nursery stock Fast-growing stage, water immediately after topdressing, because the arbor-vitae seedlings root after being unearthed is also undeveloped, easily washed upside down by the water watered, and, avoid soil on bed to occur waterlogging, therefore, the pouring mode in the present embodiment is that sprinkling irrigation is watered; The freeze-up water of the freeze-up front pouring of soil in winter, carry out soil burial winter protection to nursery stock, the 3rd year spring removed to bury soil and water at twice pours water, and annual weeding is loosened the soil, and topdresses 2 times; In 4th year spring, outplanting is transplanted.
Embodiment three
A seed propagation method for arbor-vitae, comprises the following steps:
(1) collect seed: First Year autumn, the fruit squama of arbor-vitae elite stand cone is plucked when dark green becomes yellow green and to split mouthful; And the cone plucked is tanned by the sun, desquamation, screening obtain seed; The present embodiment, in order to increase full weight and the germination rate of arbor-vitae seed, plucks the arbor-vitae elite stand that arbor-vitae elite stand is the age of tree more than 40 years.
(2) wholely: adopt sandy loam to do nursery, during First Year autumn, apply fertilizer, plough deeply and rake, Second Year spring shallow turn over rake after make bed; The long 30m of bed, wide 1m, high 20cm, the present embodiment is in order to improve the fertility of nursery soil, and the weight applying organic manure is every mu of 4000kg, makes the soil of nursery more fertile, plough under in the soil of nursery to make the organic manure applied, soil is fully contacted with organic manure, and the degree of depth of ploughing deeply in the present embodiment is 30cm, and the shallow degree of depth of turning over is 20cm.
(3) sow: sow in spring, water before sowing and fill with saturating bed surface soil, wet concentration is carried out to seed, the empty grain swum on the water surface is pulled out, improve the quality of seed, soak seed 2 hours with 0.5% liquor potassic permanganate, after seed soaking, vernalization process is carried out to seed, to ditch in bed drilling, after planting suppression of soil; The present embodiment drilling of ditching in bed is at longitudinal drilling 5 row of bed surface, sown scope 10cm, horizontal drilling sown scope 4cm, line-spacing 10cm, and after planting earthing 1cm, is conducive to the sprouting of arbor-vitae seed, and grows between the seedling in later stage; The bed surface of the present embodiment behind suppression of soil is also covered with straw, is conducive to nursery preserving soil moisture; In the present embodiment,, by water seed soaking germination hastening method, vernalization process is carried out to arbor-vitae seed, described water seed soaking germination hastening method is by the water logging kind 24 hour of seed with 45 DEG C, then seed is pulled out and be placed on cloudy place and spread airing out, within one day, with warm water washing 2 times, namely sow after having the seed of more than 40% to split mouth; Effectively can improve the germination rate of arbor-vitae seed in soil and survival rate.
(4) seedling management: after nursery stock is unearthed, every spray in 10 days 1 0.8% bordeaux mixture, sprays 5 times continuously, once permeable every pouring in 15 days in the seedling growth phase, carry out thinning during nursery stock height 5cm and weeding is loosened the soil, topdress 2 times at nursery stock Fast-growing stage, water immediately after topdressing, because the arbor-vitae seedlings root after being unearthed is also undeveloped, easily washed upside down by the water watered, and, avoid soil on bed to occur waterlogging, therefore, the pouring mode in the present embodiment is watered in side; The freeze-up water of the freeze-up front pouring of soil in winter, carry out soil burial winter protection to nursery stock, the 3rd year spring removed to bury soil and water at twice pours water, and annual weeding is loosened the soil, and topdresses 3 times; In 4th year spring, outplanting is transplanted.
Above-mentioned three kinds of embodiments are by rationally sowing the arbor-vitae seed plucked, the seedling management of science, be conducive to promoting growing of arbor-vitae seedling root, the reproductive number of effective raising arbor-vitae and survival rate, and the crown gracefulness of arbor-vitae that above-mentioned three kinds of embodiments breed, increase the aesthetic property of greenbelt, well developed root system, transplanting success is high.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of patent of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite not departing from patent principle of the present invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as the protection domain of patent of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a seed propagation method for arbor-vitae, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) collect seed: First Year autumn, the fruit squama of arbor-vitae elite stand cone is plucked when dark green becomes yellow green and to split mouthful; The cone plucked is tanned by the sun, desquamation, screening obtain seed;
(2) wholely: adopt sandy loam to do nursery, during First Year autumn, apply fertilizer, plough deeply and rake, Second Year spring shallow turn over rake after make bed;
(3) sow: in sowing in spring, water before sowing and fill with saturating bed surface soil, with copper-bath or liquor potassic permanganate seed soaking, after seed soaking, vernalization process is carried out to seed, drilling of ditching in bed, after planting suppression of soil;
(4) seedling management: after nursery stock is unearthed, sprayed 1 0.8% bordeaux mixture every 8-10 days, spray 3-5 time continuously, once permeable every pouring in 10-15 days in the seedling growth phase, thinning is carried out and weeding is loosened the soil during nursery stock height 5cm, topdress 2-3 time at nursery stock Fast-growing stage, water immediately after topdressing, the freeze-up water of the freeze-up front pouring of soil in winter, soil burial winter protection is carried out to nursery stock, 3rd year spring removed to bury soil and water at twice pours water, and annual weeding is loosened the soil, and topdresses 2-3 time; In 4th year spring, outplanting is transplanted.
2. the seed propagation method of a kind of arbor-vitae according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step (1) described harvesting arbor-vitae elite stand is the arbor-vitae elite stand of the age of tree more than 30 years.
3. the seed propagation method of a kind of arbor-vitae according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the weight applying fertilizer described in step (2) is every mu of 3000-5000kg, and described fertilizer is any one in compost, green manure, barnyard manure.
4. the seed propagation method of a kind of arbor-vitae according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the degree of depth of ploughing deeply described in step (2) is 30cm, and the described shallow degree of depth of turning over is 20cm.
5. the seed propagation method of a kind of arbor-vitae according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the long 30m of bed of bed is described in step (2), wide 1m, high 20cm, drilling of ditching in bed described in step (3) is capable at the longitudinal drilling 3-5 of bed surface, sown scope 5-10cm, horizontal drilling sown scope 3-5cm, line-spacing 10cm, after planting earthing 1-1.5cm.
6. the seed propagation method of a kind of arbor-vitae according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the bed surface behind step (3) described suppression of soil is also covered with straw.
7. the seed propagation method of a kind of arbor-vitae according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the described copper-bath seed soaking of step (3) is soaked seed 1.5 hours with 0.5% copper-bath, and described liquor potassic permanganate seed soaking is soaked seed 2 hours with 0.5% liquor potassic permanganate.
8. the seed propagation method of a kind of arbor-vitae according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step (3) described vernalization process is any one that mixed snow buries in method of hiding, mixed husky germination hastening method, water seed soaking germination hastening method; It is after entering winter that described mixed snow buries method of hiding, infiltrate in seed by 3 times of seed volume and avenge and stir, then put into and store up in son, at grain bin straw screen or mat up and down and all around, the snow of 10 cm thicks is pressed from both sides between straw screen or mat and grain bin, place bundled straws in the outside of straw screen or mat again, until sowing is taken out for first 4 days, dry in the shade after filtering out seed and namely sow; Described mixed husky germination hastening method be prior to seeding 20 days by the water logging kind 24 hour of seed with 28 DEG C, then seed is pulled out, infiltrate after humidity is greater than the fine sand of 90% by 2 times of seed volume and stir, then the indoor that wooden case is placed on 28 DEG C are put into, every day is stirred 2-3 time, and spray the water of 30 DEG C at any time, namely sow after having the seed of more than 40% to split mouth; Described water seed soaking germination hastening method is by the water logging kind 24 hour of seed with 45 DEG C, is then pulled out by seed to be placed on cloudy place and to spread airing out, within one day, with warm water washing 2 times, namely sows after having the seed of more than 40% to split mouth.
9. the seed propagation method of a kind of arbor-vitae according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprise the step of seed being carried out to wet concentration before step (3) described sowing.
10. the seed propagation method of a kind of arbor-vitae according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the mode of pouring described in step (4) is watered in sprinkling irrigation or side.
CN201510959857.0A 2015-12-21 2015-12-21 Sowing propagation method for oriental arborvitae Pending CN105453983A (en)

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CN115067140A (en) * 2022-07-20 2022-09-20 惠州市林业科学研究所(惠州植物园管理服务中心) Rapid seedling raising method for ilex latifolia seeds

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