CN108934702A - A kind of breeding method of moderate saline-alkali soil straight-bar Chinese tallow tree seedling - Google Patents

A kind of breeding method of moderate saline-alkali soil straight-bar Chinese tallow tree seedling Download PDF

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CN108934702A
CN108934702A CN201810764434.7A CN201810764434A CN108934702A CN 108934702 A CN108934702 A CN 108934702A CN 201810764434 A CN201810764434 A CN 201810764434A CN 108934702 A CN108934702 A CN 108934702A
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chinese tallow
tallow tree
seedbed
seedling
soil
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CN108934702B (en
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唐凌凌
教忠意
王宝松
郑纪伟
张珏
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Jiangsu Forestry Academy
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005Cultivation methods
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01BSOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B79/00Methods for working soil
    • A01B79/02Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A01C21/005Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00Botany in general
    • A01G7/06Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/22Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/40Afforestation or reforestation

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
  • Sowing (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of breeding methods of moderate saline-alkali soil straight-bar Chinese tallow tree seedling.This method includes soil treatment, seedbed setting, sowing, seedling management step.The bed surface width in seedbed is arranged to 1.5m.It easily collapses slope influence caused by gutter to mitigate saline-alkali soil, it is respectively 50cm, 40cm, 40cm that draining trench, which is arranged to width suitable for reading, lower mouth width degree, depth, when doing bed, between bed.To overcome Chinese tallow tree dichotomy easily to form the growth characteristic of bending trunk, late July, mid-August and mid or late December carry out 3 pruning operations.For the spike top phenomenon for overcoming Chinese tallow tree winter to occur, annual spring retains trunk topmost 1 healthy and strong bud, the sprouting on trunk of erasing above and below the reservation bud within the scope of 10cm.Not only the Chinese tallow tree nursery stock of suitable Silvicultural Engineering can be cultivated on the basis of making full use of jiangsu coast moderate saline and alkaline land resource using the breeding method, but also cultivation cost and labor intensity can be greatly reduced.

Description

A kind of breeding method of moderate saline-alkali soil straight-bar Chinese tallow tree seedling
Technical field
The invention belongs to xylophyta cultivation fields, are related to a kind of breeding method of moderate saline-alkali soil straight-bar Chinese tallow tree seedling.
Background technique
Chinese tallow tree is deciduous tree, and tree crown is neat, leaf beautiful, like a raging fire when autumn leaves is through frost, very beautiful, there is " Chinese tallow tree It is red in maple, in gardens two months " praise name.If matching with pavilion corridor, tracery wall, mountain stone etc., also very coordinate.Winter white Chinese tallowtree seed overworks End of the branch, it is prolonged not wither, Chinese tallow tree can isolated planting, group planting in lawn and lakeside, pool side, can plant that make bank protection tree, front yard shady in afforestation Tree and shade tree.In city trees and shrubs, Chinese tallow tree can make shade tree, can transplant in road landscape band, can also transplant in square, public affairs In garden, garden, or plant can generate in scenic spot, Forest Park and good make scape effect in flakes.Chinese tallow tree is preferably in Plain and hills Afforestation, it might even be possible to be planted in the more arid mountain areas in soil.
Salt-soda soil refers to the saline and alkaline aggregation in surface layer, grows the soil (GB/T 21010-2007) of natural salt-tolerant plant.Moderate salt Refer to alkali total salinity 0.2~0.4%, the saline and alkaline soil of pH 8.0 or so.When moderate saline-alkali soil sows Chinese tallow tree, by salt stress Deng influence, Chinese tallow tree germination percentage is not high, and growth potential is weak, and its y-bend branch growth characteristic makes seedling rod bending, it is difficult to cultivate at excellent Matter strong sprout.
104221666 A of CN, which discloses one kind, prevents the curved method for culturing seedlings of Chinese tallow tree trunk, passes through planting density and rich water Regulation improve the Seedling height of Chinese tallow tree, make up to that trunk is straight, ideal trunk height without trimming trace.But what it was directed to It is that normal soil transplants the Chinese tallow tree tree seedling being bred as, and is directly seeded in the Chinese tallow tree obtained in moderate saline-alkali soil without being directed to The statement of seedling, therefore, it is impossible to which the cultivation for the straight-bar nursery stock after moderate saline-alkali soil carries out Chinese tallow tree live streaming provides technical inspiration.
103493656 A of CN discloses a kind of method for cultivating fine dry seedlings of Chinese tallow trees, and cultivating soil is still normal Soil is not related to moderate saline-alkali soil Tallowtree cultivation.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is being directed to the above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, a kind of training of moderate saline-alkali soil straight-bar Chinese tallow tree seedling is provided Educate method.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of breeding method of moderate saline-alkali soil straight-bar Chinese tallow tree seedling comprising the steps of:
(1) soil treatment: Chinese tallow tree seedling is liked to be grown on total salinity < 0.1%, the desalination neutral soil of pH 7.0 or so In earth.And total salinity 0.2~0.4%, the saline and alkaline soil of moderate of pH 8.0 or so, salt content are high, pH high, the content of organic matter Low, the case where soil hardening, inhibits the germination of Chinese tallow tree seed, affects the cultivation of straight-bar nursery stock.Therefore, nursery is in nursery Preceding winter carries out machinery and turns over, and before turning over, uniformly spills in nursery and applies decomposed organic fertilizer and ardealite, to improve soil The content of organic matter increases soil porosity;
(2) seedbed is arranged: draining river trend according to nursery periphery, perpendicular or close vertical seedbed, seedling is arranged The bed surface width 1.5m of bed, is separated between bed and bed with draining trench.Every 40m excavates a longitudinal drainage vertical with seedbed Seedbed is separated into every 40m long, while each lateral draining trench of connection and draining river, convenient for draining leaching salt by ditch naturally;
(3) sow: mid or late March, in seedbed bed surface away from seed furrow is excavated at edge of bed 15cm, every 2, seed furrow is excavated After the completion, Chinese tallow tree seed point is sowed in seed furrow, 15~20cm of spacing, earthing immediately after broadcasting, 5~6cm of thickness of earth covering, after covering Steady and sure simultaneously to pour fresh water, careless 2~3cm of thickness is covered in mulching straw or cogongrass soil moisture conservation on seed furrow later, covers grass before grass in fresh water Middle infiltration 12h, makes it fully absorb moisture;
(4) seedling management:
Weeding fertilising: view crop smothering situation carries out weeding in the ranks using the small-size rotary tiller of outer wheelspan 90cm and loosens the soil, in row Using artificial weeding mode, June, early and middle ten days, spread fertilizer over the fields 90~110kg/hm of nitrogenous fertilizer2, 7~August spreads in Chinese tallow tree seedling row before rainfall 2~3 high-nitrogen compound fertilizers are applied, dosage is 120~150kg/hm2
Prune: late July retains the more upright sturdy top tip in seedling stem top, by adjacent 2~3 pieces of sides in the top tip lower part Branch, from away from truncation from 3~5cm of seedling stem, and sprays the gibberellin of 80~100mg/L, mid-August and mid or late December with shrub and hedge trimmer, It is close to side shoot with shrub and hedge trimmer and 1~3 piece of side shoot of nursery stock lowest part is wiped out in trunk junction, and it is wettable to spray 50% thiophanate methyl Property 800 times of liquid disinfectants of pulvis.
Bud picking: for the spike top phenomenon that Chinese tallow tree winter occurs, after annual spring Chinese tallow tree trunk sprouting sprouts, grow to 5~ When 10cm, retain trunk topmost 1 healthy and strong bud, the sprouting on trunk of erasing above and below the reservation bud within the scope of 10cm.
As a preference of the present invention, ploughed depth preferably 50~60cm described in step (1), Rate of Organic Fertilizer preferably 6 ~7.5kg/m2, ardealite dosage preferably 5~8kg/m2
As a preference of the present invention, draining trench excavate specification consistent, width 50cm suitable for reading, lower mouth width degree in step (2) 40cm, depth 40cm;1 longitudinal drainage ditch excavation specification every 40m is consistent, upper 60 ㎝ of mouth width, lower 40 ㎝ of mouth width, and deep 50 ㎝.The soil dug out when excavating draining trench is uniformly sprinkled upon seedbed bed surface, after the completion of draining trench all excavates, bed surface of raking.
The soil dug out when as a preference of the present invention, excavating gutter in step (2) is uniformly sprinkled upon seedbed bed surface, drains After the completion of ditch all excavates, bed surface of raking;
The present invention reduces cost and has carried out various technologies and change to cultivate Chinese tallow tree straight-bar seedling in moderate saline-alkali soil Into:
To reduce artificial weeding cost, mechanical rate, is arranged to 1.5m for the bed surface width in seedbed with improving garden.To mitigate Saline-alkali soil easily collapses slope influence caused by gutter, and when doing bed, draining trench is arranged to width suitable for reading, lower mouth width degree, depth between bed Degree is respectively 50cm, 40cm, 40cm.To overcome Chinese tallow tree dichotomy easily to form the growth characteristic of bending trunk, late July, August The middle ten days and mid or late December carry out 3 pruning operations.For the spike top phenomenon for overcoming Chinese tallow tree winter to occur, annual spring retains master The healthy and strong bud of dry topmost 1, the reservation bud sprouting within the scope of 10cm up and down on trunk of erasing.
The utility model has the advantages that
The present invention cultivates straight-bar Chinese tallow tree seedlings for afforestation under the conditions of being directed to the saline and alkaline soil of Littoral Jiangsu Province moderate Current demand, research and develop this breeding method.Can not only the saline and alkaline soil of jiangsu coast moderate be being made full use of using the breeding method The Chinese tallow tree nursery stock of suitable Silvicultural Engineering is cultivated on the basis of resource, and cultivation cost and labor intensity can be greatly reduced.
Detailed description of the invention
Schematic diagram is arranged in the seedbed Fig. 1, seed furrow, gutter
The seedbed Fig. 2 photo
4 years raw 4 centimeters of the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground or more Chinese tallow tree photos that Fig. 3 the method for the present invention is cultivated
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
(1) soil treatment: winter (1 month at the beginning of) of the nursery before nursery turns over, 50~60cm of ploughed depth.Turn over it Before, it is uniformly spilt in nursery and applies decomposed organic fertilizer and ardealite, Rate of Organic Fertilizer is 6~7.5kg/m2, ardealite dosage is 6kg/m2
(2) seedbed setting (Fig. 1-2): draining river trend according to nursery periphery, is arranged perpendicular or close vertical Seedbed, convenient for draining.To reduce artificial weeding cost, mechanical rate, the bed surface width in seedbed are arranged to 1.5m with improving garden.For Mitigate saline-alkali soil easily to collapse slope influence caused by gutter, when doing bed, draining trench is arranged to width suitable for reading, lower mouth width between bed Degree, depth are respectively 50cm, 40cm, 40cm.Seedbed length is longer than the plot of 40m depending on plot, every 40m excavate one with Horizontal and vertical draining trench connection it is consistent to be excavated specification by the vertical draining trench in seedbed.It is dug out when excavating draining trench Soil be uniformly sprinkled upon seedbed bed surface, after the completion of draining trench all excavates, bed surface of raking.
(3) sow: mid or late March, seedbed bed surface away from edge of bed 15cm at excavation seed furrow, every 2.Seed furrow excavates After the completion, Chinese tallow tree seed point is sowed in seed furrow, spacing 20cm, earthing, thickness of earth covering 7cm immediately after broadcasting, after covering it is steady and sure simultaneously Fresh water is poured, mulching straw or cogongrass soil moisture conservation on seed furrow later covers careless 2~3cm of thickness, infiltrate grass in fresh water before covering grass 12h makes it fully absorb moisture.
(4) seedling management:
A weeding fertilising: view crop smothering situation carries out weeding in the ranks using the small-size rotary tiller of wheelspan (outer) 90cm and loosens the soil, Artificial weeding mode is used in row.June, early and middle ten days, spread fertilizer over the fields nitrogenous fertilizer 100kg/hm2.7~August is spread in Chinese tallow tree seedling row before rainfall Apply 2~3 high-nitrogen compound fertilizers, dosage 135kg/hm2
(2) prune: mid or late July retains the more upright sturdy top tip in seedling stem top, by the top tip lower part adjacent 2~3 Piece side shoot shrub and hedge trimmer promote apical bud development growth from away from the gibberellin for being truncated from 3~5cm of seedling stem, and spraying 90mg/L.In August Ten days and mid or late December are close to side shoot with shrub and hedge trimmer and 1~3 piece of side shoot of nursery stock lowest part are wiped out in trunk junction, and spray 50% 800 times of thiophanate methyl wettable powder liquid disinfectant.
Bud picking: for the spike top phenomenon that Chinese tallow tree winter occurs, after annual spring Chinese tallow tree trunk sprouting sprouts, grow to 5~ When 10cm, retain trunk topmost 1 healthy and strong bud, the sprouting on trunk of erasing above and below the reservation bud within the scope of 10cm.
By the above method, cultivated on the ground in the moderate saline-alkali soil on the outside of the old sea wall in the area Yancheng City great Feng of Jiangsu Province It is suitble to the Chinese tallow tree nursery stock of Silvicultural Engineering, raw Chinese tallow tree photo is shown in Fig. 3 within 4 years.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of breeding method of moderate saline-alkali soil straight-bar Chinese tallow tree seedling, it is characterised in that comprise the steps of:
(1) soil treatment: winter of the nursery before nursery carries out machinery and turns over, and before turning over, uniformly spills in nursery and applies corruption Ripe organic fertilizer and ardealite;
(2) seedbed is arranged: river trend is drained according to nursery periphery, perpendicular or close vertical seedbed is set, seedbed Bed surface width 1.5m is separated with draining trench between seedbed, and every 40m excavates a longitudinal drainage ditch vertical with seedbed, by seedling Bed is separated into every 40m long, while each lateral draining trench of connection and draining river naturally;
(3) sow: mid or late March, in seedbed bed surface away from seed furrow is excavated at edge of bed 15cm, every 2, seed furrow, which excavates, to be completed Afterwards, Chinese tallow tree seed point is sowed in seed furrow, 15~20cm of spacing, earthing, 5~6cm of thickness of earth covering immediately after broadcasting, having peace of mind after covering And fresh water is poured, mulching straw or cogongrass soil moisture conservation on seed furrow later covers careless 2~3cm of thickness, soaks grass in fresh water before covering grass Moisten 12h, it is made to fully absorb moisture;
(4) seedling management:
Weeding fertilising: view crop smothering situation carries out weeding in the ranks using the small-size rotary tiller of outer wheelspan 90cm and loosens the soil, uses in row Artificial weeding mode, June, early and middle ten days, spread fertilizer over the fields 90~110kg/hm of nitrogenous fertilizer2, 7~August spreads fertilizer over the fields 2 in Chinese tallow tree seedling row before rainfall ~3 high-nitrogen compound fertilizers, dosage are 120~150kg/hm2
Prune: late July retains the more upright sturdy top tip in seedling stem top, and adjacent 2~3 pieces of side shoots in the top tip lower part are used Shrub and hedge trimmer and spray the gibberellin of 80~100mg/L, mid-August and mid or late December from away from being truncated from 3~5cm of seedling stem, with repairing Secateurs is close to side shoot and 1~3 piece of side shoot of nursery stock lowest part is wiped out in trunk junction, and sprays 50% thiophanate methyl wettable powder 800 times of liquid disinfectants of agent;
Bud picking: for the spike top phenomenon that Chinese tallow tree winter occurs, after annual spring Chinese tallow tree trunk sprouting sprouts, 5~10cm is grown to When, retain trunk topmost 1 healthy and strong bud, the sprouting on trunk of erasing above and below the reservation bud within the scope of 10cm.
2. the breeding method of moderate saline-alkali soil straight-bar Chinese tallow tree seedling according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute in step (1) 50~the 60cm of ploughed depth stated, Rate of Organic Fertilizer are 6~7.5kg/m2, ardealite dosage is 5~8kg/m2
3. the breeding method of moderate saline-alkali soil straight-bar Chinese tallow tree seedling according to claim 1, it is characterised in that make in step (2) It is consistent that the lateral draining trench that separates between bed excavates specification, width 50cm suitable for reading, lower mouth width degree 40cm, depth 40cm;Often Consistent, upper 60 ㎝ of mouth width, lower 40 ㎝ of mouth width, deep 50 ㎝ every 1 longitudinal drainage ditch excavation specification of 40m.
4. the breeding method of moderate saline-alkali soil straight-bar Chinese tallow tree seedling according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step is opened in (2) The soil dug out when drainage trenching is uniformly sprinkled upon seedbed bed surface, after the completion of gutter is all excavated, bed surface of raking.
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109601278A (en) * 2019-02-12 2019-04-12 吉林省农业科学院 Middle severe Chinese wild rye direct seeding method on saline-alkali land
CN109618803A (en) * 2019-02-21 2019-04-16 江苏省林业科学研究院 A kind of Chinese elm superior timber stand trees form breeding method
CN111316857A (en) * 2020-04-16 2020-06-23 苏州工业园区园林绿化工程有限公司 Method for cultivating clump sapium sebiferum seedlings
CN114731896A (en) * 2022-05-18 2022-07-12 江苏省林业科学研究院 Low-cost straight-rod sapium sebiferum seedling cultivation method

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104221666A (en) * 2014-08-29 2014-12-24 张纪林 Seedling raising method capable of preventing trunk of Chinese tallow tree
CN104876716A (en) * 2015-05-19 2015-09-02 潍坊友容实业有限公司 High-selenium fertilizer for saline-alkali soil and application thereof in Chinese tallow tree planting
CN106068747A (en) * 2016-06-30 2016-11-09 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 A kind of root control salt method using montmorillonite filter layer and the application in salt-soda soil Cortex Sapii Radicis is planted thereof
CN106900449A (en) * 2017-01-24 2017-06-30 环绿生态景观建设集团有限公司 A kind of alkaline land soil improves greening construction method
CN108094017A (en) * 2017-12-15 2018-06-01 安徽金阳光农业服务有限公司 A kind of Chinese tallow tree seedling scale fast seedling-cultivating method

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104221666A (en) * 2014-08-29 2014-12-24 张纪林 Seedling raising method capable of preventing trunk of Chinese tallow tree
CN104876716A (en) * 2015-05-19 2015-09-02 潍坊友容实业有限公司 High-selenium fertilizer for saline-alkali soil and application thereof in Chinese tallow tree planting
CN106068747A (en) * 2016-06-30 2016-11-09 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 A kind of root control salt method using montmorillonite filter layer and the application in salt-soda soil Cortex Sapii Radicis is planted thereof
CN106900449A (en) * 2017-01-24 2017-06-30 环绿生态景观建设集团有限公司 A kind of alkaline land soil improves greening construction method
CN108094017A (en) * 2017-12-15 2018-06-01 安徽金阳光农业服务有限公司 A kind of Chinese tallow tree seedling scale fast seedling-cultivating method

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109601278A (en) * 2019-02-12 2019-04-12 吉林省农业科学院 Middle severe Chinese wild rye direct seeding method on saline-alkali land
CN109618803A (en) * 2019-02-21 2019-04-16 江苏省林业科学研究院 A kind of Chinese elm superior timber stand trees form breeding method
CN111316857A (en) * 2020-04-16 2020-06-23 苏州工业园区园林绿化工程有限公司 Method for cultivating clump sapium sebiferum seedlings
CN114731896A (en) * 2022-05-18 2022-07-12 江苏省林业科学研究院 Low-cost straight-rod sapium sebiferum seedling cultivation method

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