CN111316857A - Method for cultivating clump sapium sebiferum seedlings - Google Patents
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- CN111316857A CN111316857A CN202010299681.1A CN202010299681A CN111316857A CN 111316857 A CN111316857 A CN 111316857A CN 202010299681 A CN202010299681 A CN 202010299681A CN 111316857 A CN111316857 A CN 111316857A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cultivating clump sapium sebiferum seedlings, which comprises the following steps: selecting seedlings, namely selecting a plurality of Chinese tallow tree seedlings of the same color system or different color system varieties for splicing and planting; spraying auxin in 5-7 months in a growing season; pruning, namely performing stumping treatment in a dormant season of the first year of the split planting of the Chinese tallow tree seedlings; in the second year, in the growing season, in the 5-7 months, thinning and shearing are carried out on peripheral branches to control the number and the length of primary branches and secondary branches, and meanwhile, cleaning inner bore branches; and (4) water and fertilizer management, namely performing water and fertilizer management in a growing season and a dormant season respectively. The invention can promote the growth of the seedling branches by spraying the auxin in time and cultivate the first layer of branches in early time; proper pruning is carried out by combining the characteristics of the pseudo binary branches of the Chinese tallow trees, so that a full crown shape can be obtained quickly; promoting the growth of the nursery stock by matching with water and fertilizer management in the growth period; the Chinese tallow tree seedlings of different color series are selected for cultivation, and multi-color cluster Chinese tallow tree seedlings can be obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation, and particularly relates to a cultivation method of a clump sapium sebiferum seedling.
Background
The Chinese tallow tree is a tall deciduous tree, has the advantages of high growth speed, long service life, less plant diseases and insect pests, drought resistance, barren property, water-moisture resistance, light and moderate salt and alkali resistance, rich leaf color variation in autumn, red, yellow, purple and other colors, gorgeous and rich posture, white seeds are hung at tree tips in winter, the tree tips are like spotted plum blossom, the tree is not withered for a long time, and the tree is an excellent tree species for ecological greening and garden landscape. The cluster seedling is characterized in that the branch point of the tree is at the position of emergence or the branch point is lower, compared with a high-stem seedling, the cluster seedling has the advantages of rapid forming and easy formation of a perfectly round and full tree shape.
Along with the improvement of living standard of people, the aesthetic requirement on the surrounding environment is gradually improved, supply of garden trees with special ornamental value is not sufficient, the current mainstream nursery stocks in the sapium sebiferum market are still cultivated independently, partial sapium sebiferum seedlings are supplied in a clump mode, but the inferior sapium sebiferum seedlings are mostly cultivated simply in a pieced mode through multiple plants, and as the sapium sebiferum seedlings are all seedlings, the variety breeding is not carried out, the color generation effect in autumn is unstable, the whole color is not beautiful enough, and the aesthetic requirement of the public is difficult to meet; and because the residual inferior seedlings in the nursery are spliced and bundled for natural planting, the nursery is difficult to form a full spherical crown without scientific trimming, germination promotion and guided culture, and the garden application effect is seriously influenced.
Therefore, in order to solve the above technical problems, it is necessary to provide a new method for cultivating a clumped sapium sebiferum seedling.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a cultivation method of clustered Chinese tallow tree seedlings with stable color, round, full and fast molding, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a cultivation method of a cluster Chinese tallow tree seedling comprises the following steps:
selecting seedlings, namely selecting a plurality of Chinese tallow seedlings with the same color system or different color system qualities for splicing and planting;
spraying auxin, namely spraying the auxin on the spliced sapium sebiferum seedlings in 5-7 months in a growing season;
pruning, namely performing stumping treatment in a dormant season of the first year of the split planting of the Chinese tallow tree seedlings; in the second year, in the growing season, in the 5-7 months, thinning and shearing are carried out on peripheral branches to control the number and the length of primary branches and secondary branches, and meanwhile, cleaning inner bore branches;
and (3) water and fertilizer management, namely performing water and fertilizer management on the spliced sapium sebiferum seedlings in a growing season and a dormant season respectively.
Further, the sapium sebiferum seedlings in the seedling selection step are selected from one or more of red sapium sebiferum seedlings, purple sapium sebiferum seedlings, yellow sapium sebiferum seedlings and orange sapium sebiferum seedlings.
Furthermore, the number of the sapium sebiferum seedlings selected in the seedling selection procedure is 4-8.
Preferably, the combination of the sapium sebiferum seedlings may be 1 each of a red sapium sebiferum seedling, a purple sapium sebiferum seedling, a yellow sapium sebiferum seedling and an orange sapium sebiferum seedling, or 2 each of a red sapium sebiferum seedling, a purple sapium sebiferum seedling and an orange sapium sebiferum seedling, or 2 each of a red sapium sebiferum seedling and a yellow sapium sebiferum seedling, or 2 each of a red sapium sebiferum seedling, a purple sapium sebiferum seedling, a red sapium sebiferum seedling, 2 each of an orange sapium sebiferum seedling, or 4 each of a red sapium sebiferum seedling, or 4 each of a purple sapium sebiferum seedling, or 4 each of a yellow sapium sebiferum seedling, or 4 each of an orange sapium sebiferum seedling.
Further, the spraying concentration of the auxin is 100-1000 mg/L. The sapium sebiferum has the characteristic of typical pseudo binary branches, each lateral branch after the branching grows uniformly without a main trunk, and the spraying concentration of auxin is 100-1000 mg/L each time in 5-7 months in a growing season, so that the branches can be promoted to grow in an extending way, and a first layer of branches can be formed as early as possible.
Further, the auxin spraying process specifically comprises the following steps:
and respectively spraying growth hormone to the spliced sapium sebiferum seedlings in 5-7 months per month in the growing season.
Further, in the stubble leveling process in the trimming procedure, the stubble leveling treatment is carried out on the branches with the height from the ground of 0-60 cm.
Furthermore, in the thinning and shearing treatment process in the shearing process, the number of the primary branches is controlled to be 5-10, the number of the secondary branches is controlled to be 15-30, the length of the primary branches is controlled to be 20-60 cm, and the length of the secondary branches is controlled to be 50-150 cm.
Further, the water and fertilizer management process comprises the following steps: in 5-7 months of the growing season, applying 1-3 kg of compound fertilizer containing phosphorus and potassium to each sapium sebiferum seedling; and applying 5-10 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer in 12 months to 1 month in the coming year in the dormant season.
Specifically, through auxin spraying and trimming procedures, the crowns of the clustered sapium sebiferum seedlings can be approximately formed in the next year; in the third year and later, trimming is mainly to trim over-dense inner chamber branches in 5-7 months and maintain uniform and plump circular tree crowns.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the seedlings can be promoted to sprout longer branches by spraying the auxin to the spliced cluster Chinese tallow tree seedlings in the growing season, and the quick formation of the tree crown framework is promoted; timely trimming is carried out in 5-7 months of the growing season, so that the problems that the shape of the crown of the tufted seedlings is influenced by overlong branches of the first layer and uneven distribution, withered tips and the like caused by over-dense branches of the inner chamber can be avoided, and the tufted seedlings with uniform branches and complete crown shapes of the first layer can be obtained quickly; the nutrition accumulation of the Chinese tallow tree seedlings can be promoted by matching with water and fertilizer management, so that the sugar content of leaves is sufficiently stored, and strong and bright-colored clumped plants of autumn leaves can be obtained; meanwhile, the single-color, double-color or multi-color cluster sapium sebiferum seedlings can be obtained by selecting sapium sebiferum seedlings with the same or different color systems for splicing and planting, so that the requirements of different market directions are met.
Detailed Description
In order to more fully understand the technical contents of the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described and illustrated by the following specific examples.
Unless otherwise indicated, all numbers expressing feature sizes, quantities, and physical characteristics used in the specification and claims are to be understood as being modified in all instances by the term "about". Accordingly, unless indicated to the contrary, the numerical parameters set forth in the foregoing specification and attached claims are approximations that can be suitably varied by those skilled in the art in seeking to obtain the desired properties utilizing the teachings disclosed herein. The use of numerical ranges by endpoints includes all numbers within that range and any range within that range, for example, 1 to 5 includes 1, 1.2, 1.4, 1.55, 2, 2.75, 3, 3.80, 4, and 5, and the like.
It is also noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus; the term "preferred" refers to a preferred alternative, but is not limited to only the selected alternative.
The invention provides a method for cultivating clump sapium sebiferum seedlings, which comprises the following steps:
selecting seedlings, namely selecting a plurality of Chinese tallow seedlings with the same color system or different color system qualities for splicing and planting;
spraying auxin, namely spraying the auxin on the spliced sapium sebiferum seedlings in 5-7 months in a growing season;
pruning, namely performing stumping treatment in a dormant season of the first year of the split planting of the Chinese tallow tree seedlings; in the second year, in the growing season, in the 5-7 months, thinning and shearing are carried out on peripheral branches to control the number and the length of primary branches and secondary branches, and meanwhile, cleaning inner bore branches;
and (3) water and fertilizer management, namely performing water and fertilizer management on the spliced sapium sebiferum seedlings in a growing season and a dormant season respectively.
Wherein the sapium sebiferum seedling in the seedling selection step is selected from one or more of red sapium sebiferum seedling, purple sapium sebiferum seedling, yellow sapium sebiferum seedling and orange sapium sebiferum seedling; the number of the sapium sebiferum seedlings selected in the seedling selection procedure is 4-8.
Preferably, the combination of the sapium sebiferum seedlings may be 1 each of a red sapium sebiferum seedling, a purple sapium sebiferum seedling, a yellow sapium sebiferum seedling and an orange sapium sebiferum seedling, or 2 each of a red sapium sebiferum seedling, a purple sapium sebiferum seedling and an orange sapium sebiferum seedling, or 2 each of a red sapium sebiferum seedling and a yellow sapium sebiferum seedling, or 2 each of a red sapium sebiferum seedling, a purple sapium sebiferum seedling, a red sapium sebiferum seedling, 2 each of an orange sapium sebiferum seedling, or 4 each of a red sapium sebiferum seedling, or 4 each of a purple sapium sebiferum seedling, or 4 each of a yellow sapium sebiferum seedling, or 4 each of an orange sapium sebiferum seedling.
The concentration of the auxin spray is preferably 100-1000 mg/L. The auxin spraying process specifically comprises the following steps: and respectively spraying growth hormone to the spliced sapium sebiferum seedlings in 5-7 months per month in the growing season. Because the sapium sebiferum has the characteristic of typical pseudo binary branches, each lateral branch after branching grows uniformly without a main trunk, and the spraying concentration of auxin is 100-1000 mg/L each time every month in 5-7 months in a growing season, so that the branches can be promoted to grow in an extending way, and a first layer of branches can be formed as early as possible.
In the stubble leveling process in the trimming procedure, the stubble leveling process is mainly carried out on branches with the height from the ground of 0-60 cm. In the thinning and shearing treatment process in the shearing process, the number of the primary branches is controlled to be 5-10, the number of the secondary branches is controlled to be 15-30, the length of the primary branches is controlled to be 20-60 cm, and the length of the secondary branches is controlled to be 50-150 cm.
The concrete content of the water and fertilizer management process is as follows: in 5-7 months of the growing season, applying 1-3 kg of compound fertilizer containing phosphorus and potassium to each sapium sebiferum seedling; and applying 5-10 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer in 12 months to 1 month in the coming year in the dormant season.
Specifically, through auxin spraying and trimming procedures, the crowns of the clustered sapium sebiferum seedlings can be approximately formed in the next year; in the third year and later, trimming is mainly to trim over-dense inner chamber branches in 5-7 months and maintain uniform and plump circular tree crowns.
Example 1
Selecting 1 each of red, purple, yellow and orange seedlings with a ground diameter of 2cm for splicing;
spraying auxin with the concentration of 100mg/L in 5-7 months in a growing season, wherein the auxin is sprayed once every month;
performing stumping treatment in the dormant season of the first year of the split planting of the Chinese tallow tree seedlings; thinning and shearing peripheral branches in 5 months of the growing season in the second year, keeping 5 uniformly distributed first-stage branches and 20 uniformly distributed second-stage branches, controlling the length of the first-stage branches to be 20cm, controlling the length of the second-stage branches to be 60cm, and cleaning inner bore branches;
in 5-7 months of the growing season, applying 1kg of compound fertilizer containing phosphorus and potassium to each sapium sebiferum seedling; 5kg of decomposed organic fertilizer is applied from 12 months to 1 month in the coming year in the dormant season.
Example 2
2 plants of each of red sapium sebiferum seedlings and yellow sapium sebiferum seedlings with the ground diameter of 2cm are selected for splicing and planting;
spraying the auxin with the concentration of 500mg/L in 6-7 months in the growth season, wherein the auxin is sprayed once every month;
performing stumping treatment in the dormant season of the first year of the split planting of the Chinese tallow tree seedlings; thinning and shearing peripheral branches in 5 months of the growing season in the second year, keeping 8 uniformly distributed first-stage branches and 25 uniformly distributed second-stage branches, controlling the length of the first-stage branches to be 40cm, controlling the length of the second-stage branches to be 80cm, and cleaning inner bore branches;
in 6-7 months of the growing season, applying 2kg of compound fertilizer containing phosphorus and potassium to each sapium sebiferum seedling; 8kg of decomposed organic fertilizer is applied from 12 months to 1 month in the coming year in the dormant season.
Example 3
Selecting 4 red sapium sebiferum seedlings with the ground diameter of 2cm for splicing and planting;
spraying auxin with the concentration of 1000mg/L once in 6 months in the growing season;
performing stumping treatment in the dormant season of the first year of the split planting of the Chinese tallow tree seedlings; thinning and shearing peripheral branches in 5 months of the growing season in the second year, keeping 10 uniformly distributed first-stage branches and 30 uniformly distributed second-stage branches, controlling the length of the first-stage branches to be 60cm, controlling the length of the second-stage branches to be 100cm, and cleaning inner bore branches;
in 6 months of the growing season, 3kg of compound fertilizer containing phosphorus and potassium is applied to each sapium sebiferum seedling; in the dormancy season from 12 months to 1 month in the coming year, 10kg of decomposed organic fertilizer is applied.
Comparative example 1
Selecting 4 red sapium sebiferum seedlings with the ground diameter of 2cm for splicing and planting;
spraying auxin with the concentration of 1000mg/L once in 6 months in the growing season;
in 6 months of the growing season, 3kg of compound fertilizer containing phosphorus and potassium is applied to each sapium sebiferum seedling; in the dormancy season from 12 months to 1 month in the coming year, 10kg of decomposed organic fertilizer is applied.
Comparative example 2
Selecting 4 red sapium sebiferum seedlings with the ground diameter of 2cm for splicing and planting;
auxin with the concentration of 1000mg/L is sprayed once in 6 months in the growing season.
The method comprises the following steps that in 4 months in 2017, the applicant carries out cultivation of clump tallow tree seedlings according to examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2, the planting environment and soil of a nursery are approximately the same, and the adopted seedling specifications are basically consistent; in 2018, the statistics of the seedling growth conditions of the embodiments and the comparative examples are carried out, and the specific data are as follows:
| group of | Average thickness of first order branches (cm) | Average thickness of secondary branch (cm) | Crown width (m) |
| Example 1 | 3.7 | 2.6 | 3.5 |
| Example 2 | 3.4 | 2.5 | 3.4 |
| Example 3 | 3.3 | 2.3 | 3.4 |
| Comparative example 1 | 2.6 | 1.7 | 2.6 |
| Comparative example 2 | 2.4 | 1.3 | 2.2 |
As can be seen from the above table, the growth conditions of the clumped sapium sebiferum seedlings cultured according to the embodiments 1-3 are all better; comparing example 3 with comparative example 1, it can be seen that the growth condition of the seedlings of the tallow trees cultivated in comparative example 1 is poor, mainly because the pruning process is carried out on the seedlings of the tallow trees in example 3, which is beneficial to controlling the number and the length of the first-level branches and the second-level branches, thereby promoting the growth of local branches; comparing comparative example 1 and comparative example 2, it can be seen that the growth condition of the clumped sapium sebiferum seedlings cultivated in comparative example 2 is poor, mainly because the growth of the branches and the formation of the crowns can be effectively promoted by applying compound fertilizer in the growing season and applying organic fertilizer in the dormancy season for accumulation of favorable nutrients.
The invention can promote the seedlings to sprout longer branches and promote the quick formation of the tree crown framework by spraying the auxin to the spliced cluster Chinese tallow tree seedlings in the growing season; timely trimming is carried out in 5-7 months of the growing season, so that the problems that the shape of the crown of the tufted seedlings is influenced by overlong branches of the first layer and uneven distribution, withered tips and the like caused by over-dense branches of the inner chamber can be avoided, and the tufted seedlings with uniform branches and complete crown shapes of the first layer can be obtained quickly; the nutrition accumulation of the Chinese tallow tree seedlings can be promoted by matching with water and fertilizer management, so that the sugar content of leaves is sufficiently stored, and strong and bright-colored clumped plants of autumn leaves can be obtained; meanwhile, the single-color, double-color or multi-color cluster sapium sebiferum seedlings can be obtained by selecting sapium sebiferum seedlings with the same or different color systems for splicing and planting, so that the requirements of different market directions are met.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (8)
1. A cultivation method of a cluster Chinese tallow tree seedling is characterized by comprising the following steps:
selecting seedlings, namely selecting a plurality of Chinese tallow tree seedlings of the same color system or different color system varieties for splicing and planting;
spraying auxin, namely spraying the auxin on the spliced sapium sebiferum seedlings in 5-7 months in a growing season;
pruning, namely performing stumping treatment in a dormant season of the first year of the split planting of the Chinese tallow tree seedlings; in the second year, in the growing season, in the 5-7 months, thinning and shearing are carried out on peripheral branches to control the number and the length of primary branches and secondary branches, and meanwhile, cleaning inner bore branches;
and (3) water and fertilizer management, namely performing water and fertilizer management on the spliced sapium sebiferum seedlings in a growing season and a dormant season respectively.
2. The method for cultivating a clump sapium sebiferum seedling as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sapium sebiferum seedling in the seedling selection step is selected from one or more of red sapium sebiferum seedling, purple sapium sebiferum seedling, yellow sapium sebiferum seedling and orange sapium sebiferum seedling.
3. The method for cultivating clump sapium sebiferum seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the number of sapium sebiferum seedlings selected in the seedling selection step is 4-8.
4. The cultivation method of the clumped sapium sebiferum seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the auxin sprayed is 100-1000 mg/L.
5. The method for cultivating the clumped sapium sebiferum seedlings according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the auxin spraying process specifically comprises the following steps:
and respectively spraying growth hormone to the spliced sapium sebiferum seedlings in 5-7 months per month in the growing season.
6. The cultivation method of the clump tallowtree seedlings according to claim 1, wherein in the stumping treatment process in the pruning process, stumping treatment is performed on branches with the height from the ground being 0-60 cm.
7. The cultivation method of the clumped tallowtree seedlings according to claim 1, wherein in the thinning and shearing process in the shearing process, the number of the first-order branches is controlled to be 5-10, the number of the second-order branches is controlled to be 15-30, the length of the first-order branches is controlled to be 20-60 cm, and the length of the second-order branches is controlled to be 50-150 cm.
8. The method for cultivating clump sapium sebiferum seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the water and fertilizer management process comprises: in 5-7 months of the growing season, applying 1-3 kg of compound fertilizer containing phosphorus and potassium to each sapium sebiferum seedling; and applying 5-10 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer in 12 months to 1 month in the coming year in the dormant season.
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| CN112243791A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-01-22 | 江苏翠谷苗木有限公司 | Method for cultivating clump sapium sebiferum |
| CN112868454A (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-06-01 | 青岛市林木种苗站 | Cultivation method of acer truncatum clump trunks |
| CN112868454B (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2022-06-17 | 青岛市园林和林业综合服务中心 | Acer truncatum trunk cultivating method |
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Application publication date: 20200623 |