CN109618803A - A kind of Chinese elm superior timber stand trees form breeding method - Google Patents
A kind of Chinese elm superior timber stand trees form breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of Chinese elm superior timber stand trees form breeding method, mainly include the following steps: that (1) plantation measures (2) site preparation (3) afforestation seedling selection (4) Afforestation Time (5) density of plantation (6) growth period prevention and control of aphids (7) is pruned.Chinese elm superior timber stand trees form breeding method of the invention is easy to operate, Timber stands trees are dry-shaped straight, growth is fast, volume recovery is high.
Description
Technical field
The cultivation field cultivated the present invention relates to commerical tree species form more particularly to a kind of Chinese elm superior timber stand trunk
Shape breeding method.
Background technique
Chinese elm (Ulmus parvifolia) is Ulmaceae Elm deciduous tree, and trunk is logical straight satisfactory, and branches and leaves are fine and closely woven, late autumn leaf
Yellow or red, tree-shaped is graceful, the precious color tree species of ornamental value with higher.
Foreign countries make to cultivate the parent material resource Collection and conservation of anti-Dutch elm disease hybrid with Chinese elm；Have using Chinese elm anti-
Drought, heat resistance, especially with the characteristic of anti-DED, Lindstrome etc. (1991) is to 6 Chinese elm kinds development frost resistances surveys
It is fixed, to filter out excellent variety；Benet etc. (1995) is screened in Chinese elm inbreeding population by BSA method using RAPD technology
Obtained the 3 RAPD molecular labelings mutually chain with Chinese elm black leaf spot resistant gene, for using molecular marker assisted selection into
It has gone and has benefited our pursuits.
Domestic Chinese elm has carried out reproduction technique research.Cheng Xuemei etc. (2014) has carried out seeding and seedling raising test, Wang Guoshu etc.
(2014) it is explored in Chinese elm big seedling cultivation technology, Liu Xuemei etc. (2005) has studied all-optical cutting technology；China's Chinese elm is long
Phase is with as traditional potted landscape material cultivation, few commerical tree species of carrying out are cultivated, and Chinese elm is cultivated as commerical tree species has tree
The wooden form bending leads to the problems such as straight degree is poor, and volume recovery is not high, influences the use value and economic benefit of precious material.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of cultivations of Chinese elm superior timber stand trees form
Method.
Technical solution: it is bad in order to solve Chinese elm afforestation form, lead to and directly spend poor, the not high problem of volume recovery, improves timber
Satisfactory degree and volume recovery improve the use value and economic benefit of rare tree Chinese elm, the present invention the following technical schemes are provided:
A kind of Chinese elm superior timber stand trees form breeding method, comprising the following steps:
(1) plantation measures, selection topography is higher or the lower Plain of level of ground water, hills hillock, the pH value of soil are
6.0~7.8；
(2) site preparation, time of the year when autumn changes into winter plough deeply reproducing area, ploughed depth 60cm~80cm；
(3) afforestation seedling selection, selection robust growth, no disease and pests harm, the raw seedling of the complete 2-3 of root system, height of seedling >=
150cm, ground diameter >=1.2cm are greater than 15cm level-one lateral root number >=6, root long >=25cm；
(4) Afforestation Time, November 15 current year to second year March 25 carry out, and during which avoid the frost phase；
(5) density of plantation, initial density in planting seeding row spacing are 2m × 2m, and backsight growing state is adjusted to 4m × 4m；
(6) in September aphid in April-occurs for growth period prevention and control of aphids the phase, sprays the admixing medical solutions control aphid containing insecticide
Worm endangers and trunk is promoted to grow；
(7) it prunes, in September growth period in May-, control of pruning is tree-like and trunk is promoted to grow.
Wherein, growth period prevention and control of aphids described in step (6) occurs the phase in September aphid in April-, sprays containing insecticide
Admixing medical solutions control aphid damage simultaneously promotes trunk to grow, the type and concentration of admixing medical solutions are as follows: 10% flonicamid suspends
Agent+gibberellin+vitamin C；Specifically, the effective component 33-45mg/kg of the 10% flonicamid suspending agent, gibberellin
15-30mg/kg, vitamin C 10-15mg/kg.
Wherein, growth period prevention and control of aphids described in step (6) occurs the phase in September aphid in April-, sprays containing insecticide
Admixing medical solutions control aphid damage simultaneously promotes trunk to grow, and sprays the admixing medical solutions specific time are as follows: -10 days on the 5th April, May 15
Day -20 days, -30 days on the 25th June, August -10 days on the 5th.
Wherein, it prunes described in step (7), in the 5-9 growth period month, control of pruning is tree-like and trunk is promoted to grow, and prunes
The specific time are as follows: on May -15 on the 10th, August -15 days on the 10th.
Wherein, it prunes described in step (7), in the 5-9 growth period month, control of pruning is tree-like and trunk is promoted to grow, and prunes
Method particularly includes: the clear bole height for first determining Chinese elm trimming tree is 3m-3.5m, and the Chinese elm branch 2/3-1/2 within the scope of this is wiped out, and is protected
It stays 1/3-1/2, promotes growth, when current year last 1 trimming, all wipe out；It determines that trunk branch, side shoot 2/3 are wiped out again, retains side
Branch tip portion pinching, current year last 1 trimming when wipe out；It is withered finally to remove overstocked growth in the tree crown of reservation, damage, disease
Branch.
The utility model has the advantages that compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: method for culturing seedlings of the invention operates letter
List promotes Chinese elm superior timber stand trees dry-shaped straight.Using this method, trunk bending ratio can be greatly lowered, improve
High-pressure trunk-injection and lead to straight degree rate, volume recovery, economic benefit.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
(1) plantation measures, selection topography is higher or the lower Plain of level of ground water, hills hillock, the pH value of soil are
6.0~7.8；
(2) site preparation, time of the year when autumn changes into winter plough deeply reproducing area, ploughed depth 60cm~80cm；
(3) afforestation seedling selection, selection robust growth, no disease and pests harm, the raw seedling of the complete 2-3 of root system, height of seedling >=
150cm, ground diameter >=1.2cm are greater than 15cm level-one lateral root number >=6, root long >=25cm；
(4) Afforestation Time, November 15 current year to second year March 25 carry out, and during which avoid the frost phase；
(5) density of plantation, initial density in planting seeding row spacing are 2m × 2m, and backsight growing state is adjusted to 4m × 4m；
(6) in September aphid in April-occurs for growth period prevention and control of aphids the phase, sprays the admixing medical solutions control aphid containing insecticide
Worm endangers and trunk is promoted to grow；The type and concentration of the admixing medical solutions are as follows: 10% flonicamid suspending agent (effective component
33mg/kg)+gibberellin (15mg/kg)+vitamin C (10mg/kg)；Spray the admixing medical solutions specific time are as follows: on April -10 on the 5th,
- 20 days on the 15th May, -30 days on the 25th June, August -10 days on the 5th.
(7) it prunes, in September growth period in May-, control of pruning is tree-like and trunk is promoted to grow, and prunes the specific time are as follows: May
It -15 days on the 10th, August -15 days on the 10th, prunes method particularly includes: the clear bole height for first determining Chinese elm trimming tree is 3m-3.5m, the model
Chinese elm branch 2/3 in enclosing is wiped out, and retains 1/3, promotes growth, when current year last 1 trimming, is all wiped out；Trunk is determined again
Branch, side shoot 2/3 wipes out, and retains the pinching of side shoot tip portion, and when current year last 1 trimming wipes out；Finally remove the tree crown of reservation
Interior growth is overstocked, damages, the branch that disease is withered.
The present embodiment, common method of forestation compare, the logical frank raising 83.55% of Chinese elm trunk.Specific data are referring to table
1。
Table 1
Embodiment 2:
(1) plantation measures, selection topography is higher or the lower Plain of level of ground water, hills hillock, the pH value of soil are
6.0~7.8；
(2) site preparation, time of the year when autumn changes into winter plough deeply reproducing area, ploughed depth 60cm~80cm；
(3) afforestation seedling selection, selection robust growth, no disease and pests harm, the raw seedling of the complete 2-3 of root system, height of seedling >=
150cm, ground diameter >=1.2cm are greater than 15cm level-one lateral root number >=6, root long >=25cm；
(4) Afforestation Time, November 15 current year to second year March 25 carry out, and during which avoid the frost phase；
(5) density of plantation, initial density in planting seeding row spacing are 2m × 2m, and backsight growing state is adjusted to 4m × 4m；
(6) in September aphid in April-occurs for growth period prevention and control of aphids the phase, sprays the admixing medical solutions control aphid containing insecticide
Worm endangers and trunk is promoted to grow；The type and concentration of admixing medical solutions are as follows: 10% flonicamid suspending agent (effective component
45mg/kg)+gibberellin (30mg/kg)+vitamin C (15mg/kg), sprays the admixing medical solutions specific time are as follows: on April -10 on the 5th,
- 20 days on the 15th May, -30 days on the 25th June, August -10 days on the 5th.
(7) it prunes, in September growth period in May-, control of pruning is tree-like and trunk is promoted to grow, and prunes the specific time are as follows: May
It -15 days on the 10th, August -15 days on the 10th, prunes method particularly includes: the clear bole height for first determining Chinese elm trimming tree is 3m-3.5m, the model
Chinese elm branch 1/2 in enclosing is wiped out, and retains 1/2, promotes growth, when current year last 1 trimming, is all wiped out；Trunk is determined again
Branch, side shoot 2/3 wipes out, and retains the pinching of side shoot tip portion, and when current year last 1 trimming wipes out；Finally remove the tree crown of reservation
Interior growth is overstocked, damages, the branch that disease is withered.
The present embodiment, common method of forestation compare, the logical frank raising 85.97% of Chinese elm trunk.Specific data are referring to table
2。
Table 2
Embodiment 3
(1) plantation measures, selection topography is higher or the lower Plain of level of ground water, hills hillock, the pH value of soil are
6.0~7.8；
(2) site preparation, time of the year when autumn changes into winter plough deeply reproducing area, ploughed depth 60cm~80cm；
(3) afforestation seedling selection, selection robust growth, no disease and pests harm, the raw seedling of the complete 2-3 of root system, height of seedling >=
150cm, ground diameter >=1.2cm are greater than 15cm level-one lateral root number >=6, root long >=25cm；
(4) Afforestation Time, November 15 current year to second year March 25 carry out, and during which avoid the frost phase；
(5) density of plantation, initial density in planting seeding row spacing are 2m × 2m, and backsight growing state is adjusted to 4m × 4m；
(6) in September aphid in April-occurs for growth period prevention and control of aphids the phase, sprays the admixing medical solutions control aphid containing insecticide
Worm endangers and trunk is promoted to grow, the type and concentration of admixing medical solutions are as follows: 10% flonicamid suspending agent (effective component
40mg/kg)+gibberellin (20mg/kg)+vitamin C (12.5mg/kg), sprays the admixing medical solutions specific time are as follows: on April 5-10
Day, -20 days on the 15th May, -30 days on the 25th June, August -10 days on the 5th.
(7) it prunes, in September growth period in May-, control of pruning is tree-like and trunk is promoted to grow, and prunes the specific time are as follows: May
It -15 days on the 10th, August -15 days on the 10th, prunes method particularly includes: the clear bole height for first determining Chinese elm trimming tree is 3m-3.5m, the model
Chinese elm branch 2/3 in enclosing is wiped out, and retains 1/3, promotes growth, when current year last 1 trimming, is all wiped out；Trunk is determined again
Branch, side shoot 2/3 wipes out, and retains the pinching of side shoot tip portion, and when current year last 1 trimming wipes out；Finally remove the tree crown of reservation
Interior growth is overstocked, damages, the branch that disease is withered.
The common method of forestation of the present embodiment compares, the logical frank raising 84.38% of Chinese elm trunk.Specific data are referring to table 3
Table 3
It is enlightenment with above-mentioned desirable embodiment according to the present invention, through the above description, relevant staff is complete
Various changes and amendments can be carried out without departing from the scope of the technological thought of the present invention'.This invention it is technical
Range is not limited to the contents of the specification, it is necessary to which the technical scope thereof is determined according to the scope of the claim.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of Chinese elm superior timber stand trees form breeding method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) plantation measures, select that topography is higher or the lower Plain of level of ground water, hills hillock, and the pH value of soil is 6.0~
7.8；
(2) site preparation, time of the year when autumn changes into winter plough deeply reproducing area, ploughed depth 60cm~80cm；
(3) afforestation seedling selection, selection robust growth, no disease and pests harm, the raw seedling of the complete 2-3 of root system, height of seedling >=150cm,
Ground diameter >=1.2cm is greater than 15cm level-one lateral root number >=6, root long >=25cm；
(4) Afforestation Time, November 15 current year to second year March 25 carry out, and during which avoid the frost phase；
(5) density of plantation, initial density in planting seeding row spacing are 2m × 2m, and backsight growing state is adjusted to 4m × 4m；
(6) in September aphid in April-occurs for growth period prevention and control of aphids the phase, sprays the admixing medical solutions control aphid danger containing insecticide
It does harm to and trunk is promoted to grow；
(7) it prunes, in September growth period in May-, control of pruning is tree-like and trunk is promoted to grow.
2. a kind of Chinese elm superior timber stand trees form breeding method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: step (6)
Described in admixing medical solutions include 10% flonicamid suspending agent, gibberellin and vitamin C.
3. a kind of Chinese elm superior timber stand trees form breeding method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described
The effective component 33-45mg/kg of 10% flonicamid suspending agent, gibberellin 15-30mg/kg, vitamin C 10-15mg/kg.
4. a kind of Chinese elm superior timber stand trees form breeding method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: step (6)
In spray the admixing medical solutions specific time are as follows: -10 days on the 5th April, -20 days on the 15th May, -30 days on the 25th June, August -10 days on the 5th.
5. a kind of Chinese elm superior timber stand trees form breeding method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: step (7)
The kind pruning, in the 5-9 growth period month, control of pruning is tree-like and trunk is promoted to grow, and prunes the specific time are as follows: on May 10-15
Day, August -15 days on the 10th.
6. a kind of Chinese elm superior timber stand trees form breeding method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: step (7)
Middle pruning method particularly includes: the clear bole height for first determining Chinese elm trimming tree is 3m-3.5m, the Chinese elm branch 2/3-1/2 within the scope of this
Wipe out, retain 1/3-1/2, promote growth, current year last 1 trimming when, all wipe out；Determine that trunk branch, side shoot 2/3 are cut again
Remove, retain the pinching of side shoot tip portion, current year last 1 trimming when wipe out；It finally removes and grows overstocked, damage in the tree crown of reservation
The withered branch of wound, disease.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116018975A (en) * | 2022-11-21 | 2023-04-28 | 江苏省林业科学研究院 | Dry cultivation method for elm seed |
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Application publication date: 20190416 |