CN102893780B - Crape myrtle tree form with spindly skeleton and pruning method thereof - Google Patents
Crape myrtle tree form with spindly skeleton and pruning method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a crape myrtle tree form with a spindly skeleton and a pruning method thereof, which relate to the technical field of garden tree pruning. A trunk of the tree form is obvious, and the trunk is thick and skeleton-shaped, so that an operation of controlling the diameter of a crown, the size of a tree body and the height of the trunk according to the growth space is facilitated; branches are distributed uniformly, a state that lower branches are sparse and upper branches are dense, outer branches are sparse and inner branches are dense, and the branch trend is mean and robust is kept, branches are well-arranged, and a certain distance is kept between layers; the ventilation and light transmission properties are good, thereby facilitating the robust growth of plants, and reducing plant diseases and insect pests; and inflorescences inserted in the periphery of a crown in the flowering period are easy to form a neat bulk structure, the pruning method is simple to operate, easy to carry out, and applicable to the standardized production and management of nurseries, and facilitates the highlighting of a crape myrtle landscape effect in case of being applied to gardens, therefore, the pruning method is suitable to be promoted and applied in garden production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to garden tree pruning technical field, specifically tree-like the and trimming method of the fusiform crape myrtle of a kind of skeleton.
Background technology
The tree-like grace of crape myrtle, trunk smooth pieces, the raw panicle in top, pattern is gorgeous, few adolescence in summer at a time when blooming, and the florescence is long, 7 ~ September continuous openness.Crape myrtle distributed pole is wide, is again that flower green tree species is seen in extraordinary gardens, all generally cultivates in China East China, Central China, south China and southwestern urban afforestation.In the middle of current Greenland Application, gardens enterprise and nursery mostly think little of crape myrtle pruning or prune unreasonable not in time, ubiquity moulding single (being essentially fist formula), tree-like disorderly and unsystematic, branch is long to be spent less, short phenomenon of growing thickly, and majority is just planted in road separator or carries out flower garden and intersperse, and greatly reduces ornamental value, does not also fully demonstrate its due Ornamental value.
Summary of the invention
For solving the technical problem of above-mentioned existence, the invention provides the tree-like and trimming method of the fusiform crape myrtle of a kind of skeleton, tree structure is simple, illumination is good, be conducive to seedling growth and tree-like cultivation, trimming method is simple and easy to operate, substantially increases the ornamental value of crape myrtle.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
The fusiform crape myrtle of a kind of skeleton is tree-like, overall tree-like uprightly sturdy in trunk, the major branch of skeleton shape is evenly distributed on around trunk, and the spindle grown obliquely upward, the height of tree 4 ~ 5m, trunk height is not less than 1.2 m, crown height 3 ~ 4m, upper and lower even crown diameter is not less than 2m, on tree crown have the major branch of 12 ~ 15 spiral arrangements, on major branch raw multiple side shoot, the angle of major branch and trunk is 50 ~ 80 °, upright projection angle between major branch is 100 ~ 160 °, homonymy major branch spacing be 60 ~ 120cm major branch base diameter with trunk diameter than average out to 1: 3, retain between major branch and do not affect the branch of growth as vegetative shoot, the diameter of vegetative shoot base diameter and trunk is than average out to 1: 4.
All major branches are in tiltedly upper growth, and the major branch length of tree crown bottom is 1.1 ~ 1.5m, is 70 ~ 80 ° with the angle of trunk; Long 0.8 ~ the 1.1m of major branch in the middle part of tree crown, with the angle 60 ~ 70 ° of trunk; Long 0.6 ~ the 0.8m of major branch on tree crown top, with the angle 50 ~ 60 ° of trunk.
The trimming method that the fusiform crape myrtle of skeleton is tree-like, to plant biennial nursery stock according to the seeding row spacing of 1m × 1.2m, grows overstockedly to transplant after strain interlacing, and its tree-like trimming method is realized by following steps:
1) field planting and First Year are pruned:
The biennial nursery stock of field planting, healthy and strong lateral bud is selected surely to do at height about 80cm, coppice shoot apart from ground below 50cm all removes by growing period, branch the most vigorous is selected to make trunk, by 20 ~ 30cm distance retain growing way medium do not make major branch at unidirectional branch, the vigorous branch competed with trunk is removed or at 3 ~ 5cm place cutting back, is no more than 1/2 of major branch length to the maximum pruning amount of the major branch continued to employ, and hat width is kept symmetrically; After fallen leaves, as tree-like more than 50cm of adjacent main interval between branch, before rudiment in next year, carry out moderate cutting back to trunk and spacing more than the top major branch of 50cm, major branch pruning rate controls 2/5 ~ 1/2, impels between two major branches of trunk and sprouts branch, be trained major branch, be beneficial to cultivate and expand tree crown;
2) pruning of nursery campaign:
Nursery produces crape myrtle high quality seedling, need to transplant in time in conjunction with seedling growth space, planting density is no more than 1m with tree crown intersection and is limited, the pruning time is based on resting stage, vegetative period is auxiliary, be that 20 ~ 25cm retains the medium branch of growth potential by spacing, select the spiral healthy and strong branch upwards distributed successively as major branch, run into the branch that and spacing identical with major branch orientation is less than 60cm from bottom to top, cutting back 1/3 ~ 1/2, become vegetative shoot, bottom major branch extends with branch and side shoot extends, cutting back rejuvenation can be carried out according to degree of sag, when middle and lower part major branch amount of growth is larger, according to adnation position and the growing space of major branch, vegetative shoot can be become by the indivedual major branch of cutting back gradually, but the adjacent main interval between branch after pruning can not more than 50cm, upright projection angle between two major branches controls between 100 ° ~ 160 °, major branch and trunk angle remain between 50 ° ~ 80 °, during winter pruning, except the most vigorous branch of selection is done except trunk, remove all competition branches, comprise and major branch, the branch of side shoot competition and back branch, select to want direction suitable during the elongated shoot of major branch and side shoot, grow vigorous, moderate cutting back is carried out when shoot growth gesture declines, tree vigo(u)r is stimulated to recover growing way,
3) pruning in afforestation application:
In afforestation, crape myrtle often adopts isolated planting, to planting, avenue system or sheet are planted, spacing of planting is relatively large, in the spindle pruning process of crape myrtle, mainly cultivate the sturdy major branch of crape myrtle and outstanding global shape, while crape myrtle growth potential is held in the continuation of insurance of pruning relaying, emphasis adds the cultivation dynamics of scaffold limb, tree crown is supplemented by the prolongation growth of side shoot, make the obvious trunk of crape myrtle is uniform-distribution with sturdy major branch, form the spindle tree-shaped that skeleton is clearly demarcated, first major branch is with the growth of crape myrtle trees, trunk height is upwards raised gradually, until trunk reaches the ideal height of Landscape Application, through pruning in the obvious fusiform crape myrtle of skeleton, dry height is 1/5 ~ 1/3 with crown height ratio, along with the age of tree increases, remove rawly affects the vegetative shoot of bottom major branch growth on trunk, make major branch more obvious, when bottom major branch growth potential declines, take cutting back method, reduce the length of bottom major branch, recover its growth potential, the inflorescence of crape myrtle is evenly distributed on fusiform tree body.
The nursery stock that field planting grows in nursery, vegetative period prunes based on bud picking, pinching is auxiliary, dormant pruning based on cutting back, sparse branching is auxiliary, must remove the coppice shoot of crape myrtle base portion in the season of growth in time; Cutting back is carried out as clip in the full bud position of the current-year branch that dormant pruning growth selection is the most vigorous, and the branch retaining the growing way golden mean of the Confucian school makes major branch, takes to prune or retain 3 ~ 5cm off carry out cutting back to the competitive branch of the tree-like cultivation of impact.
No matter vegetative period or resting stage, pruning amount should control 1/5 ~ 2/5, and major branch pruning rate is 1/2 of major branch length.
The pruning branch total amount that spindle crape myrtle after shaping carries out after fallen leaves is no more than 1: 5.
After crape myrtle is pruned and is shaped, along with major branch and collateral generation, when top major branch affects its underpart major branch photosynthetic, cutting back top side shoot or heavy pruning major branch can become vegetative shoot, controlling major branch base diameter is 1: 2 ~ 4 with trunk diameter ratio, and vegetative shoot base diameter is 1: 3 ~ 6 with the diameter ratio of trunk.
Along with nursery stock is shaped and growth fast, when side shoot bearing of trend and branches and leaves amount have influence on the growth of bottom major branch comparatively greatly, cutting back pruning must be carried out to side shoot, side shoot pruning rate is determined according to hat width, when being become vegetative shoot by the major branch pruned, the side shoot that periphery will be cultivated in the space after its pruning is filled up.
The invention provides the fusiform crape myrtle of skeleton tree-like, tree-like trunk is obvious, and major branch is sturdy is skeleton shape, is conducive to controlling hat width, tree body size and dry height according to growing space; Branch is evenly distributed, keep the state of lower rare close, outer rare interior close, branch gesture golden mean of the Confucian school stalwartness, and well arranged, each interlayer keeps certain spacing; Ventilation and penetrating light is good, is conducive to robust plant growth, reduces the harm of disease worm; The outer inflorescence round life of tree crown in flowering stage easily forms neat bulk structure, and trimming method is easy and simple to handle, easily grasps, and is applicable to nursery standardized production and management, is applied in gardens and is conducive to outstanding crape myrtle landscape effect, applies in gardens produce.
Embodiment
Describe the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment:
The fusiform crape myrtle of skeleton that the present invention sets forth is tree-like, and overall tree-like in trunk, sturdy major branch that is upright, skeleton shape to be evenly distributed on around trunk and the spindle grown obliquely upward.The height of tree 4 ~ 5m, trunk height is not less than 1.2 m, crown height 3 ~ 4m, upper and lower even crown diameter is not less than 2m, on tree crown have the major branch of 12 ~ 15 spiral arrangements, on major branch raw multiple side shoot, the angle of major branch and trunk is 50 ~ 80 °, the wherein long 1.1 ~ 1.5m of the major branch of tree crown bottom, be 70 ~ 80 ° with the angle of trunk, the long 0.8 ~ 1.1m of the major branch in the middle part of tree crown, with the angle 60 ~ 70 ° of trunk, long 0.6 ~ the 0.8m of major branch on tree crown top, with the angle 50 ~ 60 ° of trunk.Upright projection angle between major branch is 100 ~ 160 °, homonymy major branch spacing is 60 ~ 120cm, major branch base diameter and trunk diameter, than average out to 1: 3, retain between major branch and do not affect the branch of growth as vegetative shoot, and the diameter of vegetative shoot base diameter and trunk is than average out to 1: 4.
The trimming method that the fusiform crape myrtle of this skeleton is tree-like, to plant biennial nursery stock according to the seeding row spacing of 1m × 1.2m, grows overstockedly to transplant after strain interlacing, and its tree-like trimming method is realized by following steps:
1) field planting and First Year are pruned:
The biennial nursery stock of field planting, healthy and strong lateral bud is selected surely to do at height about 80cm, coppice shoot apart from ground below 50cm all removes by growing period, branch the most vigorous is selected to make trunk, by 20 ~ 30cm distance retain growing way medium do not make major branch at unidirectional branch, the vigorous branch competed with trunk is removed or at 3 ~ 5cm place cutting back, is no more than 1/2 of major branch length to the maximum pruning amount of the major branch continued to employ, and hat width is kept symmetrically; After fallen leaves, as tree-like more than 50cm of adjacent main interval between branch, before rudiment in next year, carry out moderate cutting back to trunk and spacing more than the top major branch of 50cm, major branch pruning rate controls 2/5 ~ 1/2, impels between two major branches of trunk and sprouts branch, be trained major branch, be beneficial to cultivate and expand tree crown.
2) pruning of nursery campaign:
Nursery produces crape myrtle high quality seedling, need to transplant in time in conjunction with seedling growth space, planting density is no more than 1m with tree crown intersection and is limited, the pruning time is based on resting stage, vegetative period is auxiliary, no matter vegetative period or resting stage, pruning amount should control 1/5 ~ 2/5, and major branch pruning rate is 1/2 of major branch length.Vegetative period prunes based on bud picking, pinching is auxiliary, dormant pruning based on cutting back, sparse branching is auxiliary, must remove the coppice shoot of crape myrtle base portion in the season of growth in time; Cutting back is carried out as clip in the full bud position of the current-year branch that dormant pruning growth selection is the most vigorous, and the branch retaining the growing way golden mean of the Confucian school makes major branch, takes to prune or retain 3 ~ 5cm off carry out cutting back to the competitive branch of the tree-like cultivation of impact.
During pruning, be that 20 ~ 25cm retains the medium branch of growth potential by spacing, select the spiral healthy and strong branch upwards distributed successively as major branch, run into the branch that and spacing identical with major branch orientation is less than 60cm from bottom to top, cutting back 1/3 ~ 1/2, become vegetative shoot, bottom major branch extends with branch and side shoot extends, cutting back rejuvenation can be carried out according to degree of sag, when middle and lower part major branch amount of growth is larger, according to adnation position and the growing space of major branch, vegetative shoot can be become by the indivedual major branch of cutting back gradually, but the adjacent main interval between branch after pruning can not more than 50cm, upright projection angle between two major branches controls between 100 ° ~ 160 °, major branch and trunk angle remain between 50 ° ~ 80 °.
After crape myrtle is pruned and is shaped, along with major branch and collateral generation, when top major branch affects its underpart major branch photosynthetic, cutting back top side shoot or heavy pruning major branch can become vegetative shoot, controlling major branch base diameter is 1: 2 ~ 4 with trunk diameter ratio, and vegetative shoot base diameter is 1: 3 ~ 6 with the diameter ratio of trunk.
Along with nursery stock is shaped and growth fast, when side shoot bearing of trend and branches and leaves amount have influence on the growth of bottom major branch comparatively greatly, cutting back pruning must be carried out to side shoot, side shoot pruning rate is determined according to hat width, when being become vegetative shoot by the major branch pruned, the side shoot that periphery will be cultivated in the space after its pruning is filled up.The pruning branch total amount that spindle crape myrtle after shaping carries out after fallen leaves is no more than 1: 5.
During winter pruning, except the most vigorous branch of selection is done except trunk, remove all competition branches, comprise the branch and back branch competed with major branch, side shoot, select to want during the elongated shoot of major branch and side shoot direction suitable, grow vigorous, moderate cutting back is carried out, to impel the recovery of tree vigo(u)r when shoot growth gesture declines.
3) pruning in afforestation application:
In afforestation, crape myrtle often adopts isolated planting, to planting, avenue system or sheet are planted, spacing of planting is relatively large, in the spindle pruning process of crape myrtle, mainly cultivate the sturdy major branch of crape myrtle and outstanding global shape, while crape myrtle growth potential is held in the continuation of insurance of pruning relaying, emphasis adds the cultivation dynamics of scaffold limb, tree crown is supplemented by the prolongation growth of side shoot, make the obvious trunk of crape myrtle is uniform-distribution with sturdy major branch, form the spindle tree-shaped that skeleton is clearly demarcated, first major branch is with the growth of crape myrtle trees, trunk height is upwards raised gradually, until trunk reaches the ideal height of Landscape Application, through pruning in the obvious fusiform crape myrtle of skeleton, dry height is 1/5 ~ 1/3 with crown height ratio, along with the age of tree increases, remove rawly affects the vegetative shoot of bottom major branch growth on trunk, make major branch more obvious, when bottom major branch growth potential declines, take cutting back method, reduce the length of bottom major branch, recover its growth potential, the inflorescence of crape myrtle is evenly distributed on fusiform tree body.
Certainly, above-mentioned explanation is not limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is also not limited in above-mentioned citing, and the change that those skilled in the art make in essential scope of the present invention, remodeling, interpolation or replacement also should belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the trimming method that the fusiform crape myrtle of skeleton is tree-like, is characterized in that, to plant biennial nursery stock according to the seeding row spacing of 1m × 1.2m, grows overstockedly to transplant after strain interlacing, and its tree-like trimming method is realized by following steps:
1) field planting and First Year are pruned:
The biennial nursery stock of field planting, healthy and strong lateral bud is selected surely to do at height about 80cm, coppice shoot apart from ground below 50cm all removes by growing period, branch the most vigorous is selected to make trunk, by 20 ~ 30cm distance retain growing way medium do not make major branch at unidirectional branch, the vigorous branch competed with trunk is removed or at 3 ~ 5cm place cutting back, is no more than 1/2 of major branch length to the maximum pruning amount of the major branch continued to employ, and hat width is kept symmetrically; After fallen leaves, as tree-like more than 50cm of adjacent main interval between branch, before rudiment in next year, carry out moderate cutting back to trunk and spacing more than the top major branch of 50cm, major branch pruning rate controls 2/5 ~ 1/2, impels between two major branches of trunk and sprouts branch, be trained major branch, be beneficial to cultivate and expand tree crown;
2) pruning of nursery campaign:
Nursery produces crape myrtle high quality seedling, need to transplant in time in conjunction with seedling growth space, planting density is no more than 1m with tree crown intersection and is limited, the pruning time is based on resting stage, vegetative period is auxiliary, be that 20 ~ 25cm retains the medium branch of growth potential by spacing, select the spiral healthy and strong branch upwards distributed successively as major branch, run into the branch that and spacing identical with major branch orientation is less than 60cm from bottom to top, cutting back 1/3 ~ 1/2, become vegetative shoot, bottom major branch extends with branch and side shoot extends, cutting back rejuvenation can be carried out according to degree of sag, when middle and lower part major branch amount of growth is larger, according to adnation position and the growing space of major branch, vegetative shoot can be become by the indivedual major branch of cutting back gradually, but the adjacent main interval between branch after pruning can not more than 50cm, upright projection angle between two major branches controls between 100 ° ~ 160 °, major branch and trunk angle remain between 50 ° ~ 80 °, during winter pruning, except the most vigorous branch of selection is done except trunk, remove all competition branches, comprise and major branch, the branch of side shoot competition and back branch, select to want direction suitable during the elongated shoot of major branch and side shoot, grow vigorous, moderate cutting back is carried out when shoot growth gesture declines, to impel the recovery of tree vigo(u)r,
3) pruning in afforestation application:
In afforestation, crape myrtle often adopts isolated planting, to planting, avenue system or sheet are planted, spacing of planting is relatively large, in the spindle pruning process of crape myrtle, mainly cultivate the sturdy major branch of crape myrtle and outstanding global shape, while crape myrtle growth potential is held in the continuation of insurance of pruning relaying, emphasis adds the cultivation dynamics of scaffold limb, tree crown is supplemented by the prolongation growth of side shoot, make the obvious trunk of crape myrtle is uniform-distribution with sturdy major branch, form the spindle tree-shaped that skeleton is clearly demarcated, first major branch is with the growth of crape myrtle trees, trunk height is upwards raised gradually, until trunk reaches the ideal height of Landscape Application, through pruning in the obvious fusiform crape myrtle of skeleton, dry height is 1/5 ~ 1/3 with crown height ratio, along with the age of tree increases, remove rawly affects the vegetative shoot of bottom major branch growth on trunk, make major branch more obvious, when bottom major branch growth potential declines, take cutting back method, reduce the length of bottom major branch, recover its growth potential, the inflorescence of crape myrtle is evenly distributed on fusiform tree body.
2. according to claim
1the trimming method that the described fusiform crape myrtle of a kind of skeleton is tree-like, it is characterized in that, the nursery stock that field planting grows in nursery, vegetative period prunes based on bud picking, pinching is auxiliary, dormant pruning based on cutting back, sparse branching is auxiliary, must remove the coppice shoot of crape myrtle base portion in the season of growth in time; Cutting back is carried out as clip in the full bud position of the current-year branch that dormant pruning growth selection is the most vigorous, and the branch retaining the growing way golden mean of the Confucian school makes major branch, takes to prune or retain 3 ~ 5cm off carry out cutting back to the competitive branch of the tree-like cultivation of impact.
3. according to claim
1or
2the trimming method that the described fusiform crape myrtle of a kind of skeleton is tree-like, it is characterized in that, no matter vegetative period or resting stage, pruning amount should control 1/5 ~ 2/5, and major branch pruning rate is 1/2 of major branch length.
4. according to claim
1the trimming method that the described fusiform crape myrtle of a kind of skeleton is tree-like, is characterized in that, the pruning branch total amount that the spindle crape myrtle after shaping carries out after fallen leaves is no more than 1: 5.
5. according to claim
1the trimming method that the described fusiform crape myrtle of a kind of skeleton is tree-like, it is characterized in that, after crape myrtle is pruned and is shaped, along with major branch and collateral generation, when top major branch affects its underpart major branch photosynthetic, cutting back top side shoot or heavy pruning major branch can become vegetative shoot, controlling major branch base diameter is 1: 2 ~ 4 with trunk diameter ratio, and vegetative shoot base diameter is 1: 3 ~ 6 with the diameter ratio of trunk.
6. according to claim
1the trimming method that the described fusiform crape myrtle of a kind of skeleton is tree-like, it is characterized in that, along with nursery stock is shaped and growth fast, when side shoot bearing of trend and branches and leaves amount have influence on the growth of bottom major branch comparatively greatly, cutting back pruning must be carried out to side shoot, side shoot pruning rate is determined according to hat width, and when being become vegetative shoot by the major branch pruned, the side shoot that periphery will be cultivated in the space after its pruning is filled up.
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| CN104067822B (en) * | 2014-06-26 | 2015-12-09 | 福建金森林业股份有限公司 | A kind of bent dry type downgrades the breeding method of crape myrtle |
| CN105009959A (en) * | 2015-06-18 | 2015-11-04 | 滁州市瑞景园林建设有限公司 | Hedge training and pruning method used for garden landscaping |
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| CN106034777A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-10-26 | 北京景林园林绿化有限公司 | Plant shaping method |
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