CN105875314B - Northern blueberry shaping and trimming method - Google Patents
Northern blueberry shaping and trimming method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Northern blueberry shaping and trimming method is related to northern blueberry open country, Leng Peng, Cultivation in Greenhouse shaping and trimming method, it is characterised in that including following procedure：1, noun defined in trimming, 2, the principle of pruning, 3, the pruning of outdoor cropping, 4, the pruning of cold canopy cultivation, 5, the pruning of Cultivation in Greenhouse.Method is simple, cost saved trimming recruitment, improves blueberry productivity effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to northern blueberry open country, Leng Peng, Cultivation in Greenhouse shaping and trimming methods.
Background technique
Blueberry is described as third generation gold fruit by the world, and Chinese cultivation, which is studied, starts from last century 70 by Jilin Agriculture University
Age Mo, the ground such as Liaoning, Shandong, Heilungkiang, Beijing, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Sichuan in 2000 are introduced a fine variety examination in succession and are planted, since 2009
National more than ten of province, city is gradually expanded in cultivated area.Since blueberry cultivation starting is than later, related blueberry shaping both at home and abroad is repaired
The report cut is very few.North of China cultivation blueberry is different from foreign countries, and external short clump blueberry is cut to lead with stump or burning, and north dew
Ground cultivation needs are overwintering cold-proof, and cold canopy, greenhouse production are again without referential shaping and trimming method.Therefore, it is suitable to be badly in need of exploring
Northern blueberry shaping and trimming method.
Summary of the invention
The blueberry open country for being designed to provide economical and convenient of the technology invention, Leng Peng, Cultivation in Greenhouse shaping are repaired
Shear method, to accelerate the development of blueberry production, to create huge economic benefit and social benefit.
The technical solution adopted is that：
Northern blueberry open country of the invention, Leng Peng, Cultivation in Greenhouse pruning technique, it is characterised in that including following
Process：1, noun defined in trimming
Single plant shrubbery：Blueberry is shrub, and grows thickly again, therefore, it should be referred to as shrubbery.Therefore field planting one in production
Strain blueberry is formed by shrubbery, referred to as single plant shrubbery.
Shrubbery is high：Refer to that single plant shrubbery, to the height of shrubbery highest point, referred to as fills high from earth's surface.
Shrubbery diameter：Refer to single plant shrubbery maximum diameter, abbreviation crown diameter.
The dry height of shrubbery：Refer to height of the single plant shrubbery from earth's surface at shrubbery diameter, referred to as dry height.
Shrubbery crown height：Refer to the height that shrubbery highest point is arrived at shrubbery diameter.
The dry height of shrubbery height=shrubbery+shrubbery crown height
Parachute-shaped：High 100cm~the 120cm of shrubbery, shrubbery diameter 100cm~110cm, shrubbery do high 40cm~60cm.No
By be Gao Cong, half high clump blueberry pruning according to kind, plant spacing, it is appropriate adjust fill high, fill diameter, do it is high big
It is small.General Gao Cong, half high clump blueberry plant plant spacing are 1.0m × 2.0m.
Primary stipe：The branch sprouted at earth's surface is pasted before criticizing normal blueberry seedling field planting.Some primary stipes have branch, some primary stipes
There is no branch.What the growth of blueberry seedling was strengthened has sublateral shoot, therefore, just there is branch, and growth is weak not to have sublateral shoot, and just no point
Branch.
Baseline results branch group：It after referring to field run plant field planting, cuts the primary stipe left and sprouts new buds, and have flower_bud formation, claim
Make annual baseline results branch group.Annual baseline results branch group sprouts new buds, and has flower_bud formation, referred to as biennial original
Fruitful branch group, and so on.
Initial young sprout：Patch earth's surface sprouts young sprout out after referring to field run plant field planting, referred to as initial young sprout.
Initial branch：The annual shoot that initial young sprout is formed, referred to as initial branch.Initial young sprout (after stain or growing point are injured)
Sprout the annual shoot formed after sublateral shoot, referred to as paniculate initial branch, otherwise, it is called unramified initial branch.Initial branch base
This does not form bud, extremely a other to form bud.
Initial results branch group：Refer to that initial branch sprouts new buds, and has flower_bud formation, referred to as annual initial results branch group.
Annual initial results branch group sprouts new buds, and has flower_bud formation, referred to as biennial initial results branch group.And so on.
The other nouns occurred herein routinely define, such as young sprout, pinching, nutrition branch, fruitful branch.
2, the principle of pruning
The trimming principle of blueberry is：Central high, surrounding is low；Lining is tight (close), and periphery is dilute (thin)；It goes to put down tiltedly, stay upright；It goes
Result (branch) is stayed in nutrition (branch)；It goes old (branch) thick (branch), stays green (year branch) thin (vigorous branches)；The center of dredging, cissing edge；It is dredged under upper contracting,
Dredging contracting is suitable for；Dredge is not cut more, scaling degree of having.
3, the method for pruning
Integrally from single plant shrubbery, first with cut bavin reaping hook (with bavin reaping hook can to avoid when trimming and finishing long-term squat or
Kneel) patch earth's surface slice off perennial baseline results branch group and perennial initial results branch group；Again with pruner by retraction, sparse branching,
Dredge tip adjustment shrubbery growth potential balance.In Growing season to overwintering preceding progress, cold canopy, heliogreenhouse are planted for the pruning of outdoor cropping
The pruning of training is carried out in Growing season, dormant period.
A, the pruning of outdoor cropping
In order to facilitate pruning, first blueberry seedling is classified before field planting.Weak a kind of, the only branch of the strong one kind of growing way, growing way
Seedling (primary stipe) is a kind of.Then, by classification field planting.After field planting, the strong seedling of growing way, which is cut, stays 2~3 primary stipes；Growing way is weak
Seedling cut and stay 1~2 primary stipes, the extremely weak seedling stump of individual growing ways；The strong retraction of only branch seedling growing way simultaneously retains 2~3
Branch, the weak seedling stump of growing way.Following three kinds of shaping and trimming methods are taken after seedling planting：
First method：It is colonized the seedling of current year, the initial young sprout for sprouting out carries out pinching when growing into 50cm~60cm and (makees
Be to control it is long, inspire shoot).Second year delay to paniculate initial branch and be put, and unramified initial branch is smeared in rudiment
(strip), which falls all buds within the scope of terminal bud or less 10cm~15cm, (not only slow growth gesture but also to have been reduced branch height, had been conducive into
Flower).To the initial branch, annual shoot of required reservation take this method to handle in pruning later.Third year is to the 4th
Year, it is removed after fruit harvesting and grows strong prosperous branch in baseline results branch group, retain the branch of growth potential golden mean of the Confucian school stalwartness.Emphasis culture is initial
Fruitful branch group, it is long to the timely pinching control of young sprout that utilizes is retained thereon, it is removed in time before overwintering in fruitful branch group and grows strong prosperous branch.
5th year, ground is all pasted to baseline results branch group after fruit harvesting and is removed from base portion.It is complete to quinquenniad by 4 years
At shaping, and enter the best fruiting period.The best fruiting period mainly adjusts initial results branch group, and it is high by retraction to reduce shrubbery when trimming and finishing
Degree by sparse branching, dredges the tip, pinching adjusting growing way, to 4 years raw above initial results branch groups or ground diameter (away from ground after fruit harvesting
Diameter at table 1.5cm) paste ground in the initial results branch group of 2.0cm or more and remove from base portion, to keep 100, fruitful branch/
Single plant shrubbery~140/single plant shrubbery.
Second method：After seedling planting, the same first method of the pruning of the first three years.It lets alone within 4th year to the 5th year
It does not trim, the 6th year overwintering cold-proof preceding every one plant one plant of stump, to the plant for wanting stump is determined, after fruit harvesting, as long as shadow
Ring retained plant, influence a little go a bit, influence it is a piece of go it is a piece of.The 7th year overwintering preceding remaining plant of stump again, it is right
Determine and want the plant of stump, after fruit harvesting, as long as influencing retained plant, influence a little go a bit, influence a piece of go
It is a piece of.First Year after plant stump, when young sprout grows into 20cm~30cm, the initial young sprout for selecting growth potential strong retains
15/single plant shrubbery~25/single plant shrubbery when initial young sprout deficiency, then are selected away from the closer young sprout of earth's surface (this young sprout source
When stump, crops for rotation stay excessively high and sprout, be trained initial results branch group bury soil it is overwintering cold-proof when be easy splitting), remaining
All remove.Generally in mid-September to late September, pinching is carried out to no dormant young sprout.Second after plant stump
Year main task is adjustment initial results branch group, and strong prosperous young sprout is removed after fruit harvesting, retains golden mean of the Confucian school stalwartness young sprout, guarantees knot
Fruit branch will reach 100/single plant shrubbery~140/single plant shrubbery, prevent to sprout from the second year after plant stump initial
Young sprout.Shrubbery height is reduced by retraction when later annual trimming and finishing, growing way is adjusted by sparse branching.The 6th after plant stump
It is year overwintering it is cold-proof before the 7th year after one plant one plant of stump, plant stump it is overwintering before the remaining plant of stump again, it is thus real
Show 6 years to 7 years and has updated once.Such pruning is overwintering cold-proof convenient for burying soil compared with saving of labor, but the underproduction 20% is wanted when stump
~30%.
The third method：Only in the 6th year it is overwintering it is cold-proof before every a line stump a line, the 7th year it is overwintering it is cold-proof before put down again
The remaining row of stubble, the management of stump plant is referring to second method.Such pruning saving of labor, it is overwintering cold-proof to be more convenient for burying soil,
But the also underproduction 20%~30% when stump.
B, the pruning of Leng Peng (vinyl house) cultivation
Referring to the first method of outdoor cropping pruning, since cold canopy (vinyl house) cultivates fruit harvesting than dew
Ground cultivation is 30 days~40 days early, and the plant strain growth phase is 30 days~40 days longer than outdoor cropping, after fruit harvesting, is cut in time by the summer
Strong prosperous young sprout is removed, keeps the shrubbery golden mean of the Confucian school healthy and strong.Cold canopy cultivating plants formation bud is easier than outdoor cropping and amount is big,
Keep 80/single plant of fruitful branch shrubbery~110/single plant shrubbery.
C, the pruning of Cultivation in Greenhouse
General Cultivation in Greenhouse directly be colonized 3 years raw seedlings after being planted or outdoor cropping just into the plant in the best fruiting period,
It is colonized current year slow seedling, second year, which reaches, to be produced.The seedlings pruning being planted directly is colonized in two stages, first is that being planted rank before field planting
Section, first is that the stage in the best fruiting period after field planting.Directly field planting outdoor cropping is contained after reference field planting just into the plant pruning in the best fruiting period
The pruning in fruiting period stage.
It is planted the pruning of seedlings：Normal strong sprout is selected to be colonized, stump after field planting.Plant stump current year, sprouting it is initial
Pinching when young sprout grows into 45cm~60cm carries out again no dormant young sprout generally in mid-September to late September
Pinching.Second year delay to initial branch and be put, and the strong prosperous timely pinching of young sprout to sprouting removes initial results before overwintering
Strong prosperous branch on branch group retains golden mean of the Confucian school stalwartness branch.Prevent the initial young sprout sprouted from third year, initial results branch is removed before overwintering
Strong prosperous branch, retains golden mean of the Confucian school stalwartness branch in group.It is colonized within 4th year, the pruning the of pruning after field planting referring to outdoor cropping
A kind of method.Guarantee that fruitful branch will reach 70/single plant shrubbery~100/single plant shrubbery.
Stage in best fruiting period pruning after field planting：After fruit harvesting, single plant shrubbery retains fruitful branch group 3 of golden mean of the Confucian school stalwartness
~5, remaining all removes on patch ground from base portion, and the fruitful branch group of reservation reduces shrubbery height by retraction, remove strong prosperous branch,
Weak branch, to the timely pinching of the young sprout sprouted thereon.The initial young sprout sprouted after pruning, is plucked when growing into 50cm~70cm
The heart.Pinching is carried out when sublateral shoot semi-lignified, by removing strong prosperous young sprout and adjusting growing way to the Tipping of reservation, keeps knot
Fruit branch reaches 70/single plant shrubbery~100/single plant shrubbery.It is more prosperous to growth potential and be not easy to form the kind of bud, in sublateral shoot
1 time~2 times paclobutrazol (PP are sprayed when pinching333) or 1 time~2 times PBO optionally first, concentration is 1667mg/L~3333mg/
L。
Specific embodiment
1, noun defined in trimming
Single plant shrubbery：Blueberry is shrub, and grows thickly again, therefore, it should be referred to as shrubbery.Therefore field planting one in production
Strain blueberry is formed by shrubbery, referred to as single plant shrubbery.
Shrubbery is high：Refer to that single plant shrubbery, to the height of shrubbery highest point, referred to as fills high from earth's surface.
Shrubbery diameter：Refer to single plant shrubbery maximum diameter, abbreviation crown diameter.
The dry height of shrubbery：Refer to height of the single plant shrubbery from earth's surface at shrubbery diameter, referred to as dry height.
Shrubbery crown height：Refer to the height that shrubbery highest point is arrived at shrubbery diameter.
The dry height of shrubbery height=shrubbery+shrubbery crown height
Parachute-shaped：High 100cm~the 120cm of shrubbery, shrubbery diameter 100cm~110cm, shrubbery do high 40cm~60cm.No
By be Gao Cong, half high clump blueberry pruning according to kind, plant spacing, it is appropriate adjust fill high, fill diameter, do it is high big
It is small.General Gao Cong, half high clump blueberry plant plant spacing are 1.0m × 2.0m.
Primary stipe：The branch sprouted at earth's surface is pasted before criticizing normal blueberry seedling field planting.Some primary stipes have branch, some primary stipes
There is no branch.
Baseline results branch group：It after referring to field run plant field planting, cuts the primary stipe left and sprouts new buds, and have flower_bud formation, claim
Make annual baseline results branch group.Annual baseline results branch group sprouts new buds, and has flower_bud formation, referred to as biennial original
Fruitful branch group, and so on.
Initial young sprout：Patch earth's surface sprouts young sprout out after referring to field run plant field planting, referred to as initial young sprout.
Initial branch：The annual shoot that initial young sprout is formed, referred to as initial branch.1 year formed after initial young sprout sprouting sublateral shoot
Raw branch, referred to as paniculate initial branch, otherwise, it is called unramified initial branch.
Initial results branch group：Refer to that initial branch sprouts new buds, and has flower_bud formation, referred to as annual initial results branch group.
Annual initial results branch group sprouts new buds, and has flower_bud formation, referred to as biennial initial results branch group.And so on.
2, the principle of pruning
The trimming principle of blueberry is：Central high, surrounding is low；Lining is tight, and periphery is dilute；It goes to put down tiltedly, stay upright；Nutrition is gone, is stayed
As a result；Uneducated person is gone, is stayed green thin；The center of dredging, cissing edge；It is dredged under upper contracting, dredging contracting is suitable for；Dredge is not cut more, scaling degree of having.
3, the method for pruning
Integrally from single plant shrubbery, first with cut bavin reaping hook patch earth's surface slice off perennial baseline results branch group and it is perennial just
Beginning fruitful branch group；Shrubbery growth potential balance is adjusted by retraction, sparse branching, the thin tip with pruner again.The pruning of outdoor cropping
In Growing season to overwintering preceding progress, the pruning of cold canopy, Cultivation in Greenhouse is carried out in Growing season, dormant period.
A, the pruning of outdoor cropping
In order to facilitate pruning, first blueberry seedling is classified before field planting.Weak a kind of, the only branch of the strong one kind of growing way, growing way
Seedling is a kind of.Then, by classification field planting.After field planting, the strong seedling of growing way, which is cut, stays 2~3 primary stipes；The weak seedling of growing way, which is cut, stays 1
~2 primary stipes, the extremely weak seedling stump of individual growing ways；The strong retraction of only branch seedling growing way simultaneously retains 2~3 branches, and growing way is weak
Seedling stump.Following three kinds of shaping and trimming methods are taken after seedling planting：
First method：It is colonized the seedling of current year, the initial young sprout for sprouting out carries out pinching when growing into 50cm~60cm.The
2 years, to paniculate initial branch carry out it is slow put, unramified initial branch smeared in rudiment (strip) fall terminal bud or less 10cm~
All buds within the scope of 15cm.To the initial branch, annual shoot of required reservation are taken at this method in pruning later
Reason.Third year to the 4th year, removes after fruit harvesting and grows strong prosperous branch in baseline results branch group, retains growth potential golden mean of the Confucian school stalwartness
Branch.Emphasis culture initial results branch group, it is long to the timely pinching control of young sprout that utilizes is retained thereon, fruitful branch is removed in time before overwintering
Strong prosperous branch is grown in group.5th year, ground is all pasted to baseline results branch group after fruit harvesting and is removed from base portion.By 4 years
Shaping is completed to quinquenniad, and enters the best fruiting period.The best fruiting period mainly adjusts initial results branch group, and when trimming and finishing passes through
Retraction reduces shrubbery height, by sparse branching, the tip, pinching adjusting growing way is dredged, to 4 years raw above initial results after fruit harvesting
The initial results branch group of branch group or ground diameter 2.0cm or more paste ground and remove from base portion, to keep fruitful branch 100/single plant shrubbery
~140/single plant shrubbery.
Second method：After seedling planting, the same first method of the pruning of the first three years.It lets alone within 4th year to the 5th year
It does not trim, the 6th year overwintering cold-proof preceding every one plant one plant of stump, to the plant for wanting stump is determined, after fruit harvesting, as long as shadow
Ring retained plant, influence a little go a bit, influence it is a piece of go it is a piece of.The 7th year overwintering preceding remaining plant of stump again, it is right
Determine and want the plant of stump, after fruit harvesting, as long as influencing retained plant, influence a little go a bit, influence a piece of go
It is a piece of.First Year after plant stump, when young sprout grows into 20cm~30cm, the initial young sprout for selecting growth potential strong retains
15/single plant shrubbery~25/single plant shrubbery when initial young sprout deficiency, then are selected away from the closer young sprout of earth's surface, remaining whole is gone
Fall.Generally in mid-September to late September, pinching is carried out to no dormant young sprout.Second year after plant stump is main
Task is adjustment initial results branch group, and strong prosperous young sprout is removed after fruit harvesting, retains golden mean of the Confucian school stalwartness young sprout, guarantees that fruitful branch is wanted
Reach 100/single plant shrubbery~140/single plant shrubbery, prevents the initial young sprout sprouted from the second year after plant stump.
Shrubbery height is reduced by retraction when later annual trimming and finishing, growing way is adjusted by sparse branching.The 6th year after plant stump is more
The 7th year overwintering preceding remaining plant of stump again before protection in winter is cold after one plant one plant of stump, plant stump, thereby realizes
It updates within 6 years to 7 years primary.Such pruning is overwintering cold-proof convenient for burying soil compared with saving of labor, but wanted when stump the underproduction 20%~
30%.
The third method：Only in the 6th year it is overwintering it is cold-proof before every a line stump a line, the 7th year it is overwintering it is cold-proof before put down again
The remaining row of stubble, the management of stump plant is referring to second method.Such pruning saving of labor, it is overwintering cold-proof to be more convenient for burying soil,
But the also underproduction 20%~30% when stump.
B, the pruning of cold canopy cultivation
Referring to the first method of outdoor cropping pruning, since cold canopy cultivates fruit harvesting more early than outdoor cropping 30
It~40 days, the plant strain growth phase is 30 days~40 days longer than outdoor cropping, after fruit harvesting, cut by the summer remove in time it is strong prosperous new
The tip keeps the shrubbery golden mean of the Confucian school healthy and strong.Cold canopy cultivating plants formation bud is easier than outdoor cropping and amount is big, to keep fruitful branch
80/single plant shrubbery~110/single plant shrubbery.
C, the pruning of Cultivation in Greenhouse
General Cultivation in Greenhouse directly be colonized 3 years raw seedlings after being planted or outdoor cropping just into the plant in the best fruiting period,
It is colonized current year slow seedling, second year, which reaches, to be produced.The seedlings pruning being planted directly is colonized in two stages, first is that being planted rank before field planting
Section, first is that the stage in the best fruiting period after field planting.Directly field planting outdoor cropping is contained after reference field planting just into the plant pruning in the best fruiting period
The pruning in fruiting period stage.
It is planted the pruning of seedlings：Normal strong sprout is selected to be colonized, stump after field planting.Plant stump current year, sprouting it is initial
Pinching when young sprout grows into 45cm~60cm carries out again no dormant young sprout generally in mid-September to late September
Pinching.Second year delay to initial branch and be put, and the strong prosperous timely pinching of young sprout to sprouting removes initial results before overwintering
Strong prosperous branch on branch group retains golden mean of the Confucian school stalwartness branch.Prevent the initial young sprout sprouted from third year, initial results branch is removed before overwintering
Strong prosperous branch, retains golden mean of the Confucian school stalwartness branch in group.It is colonized within 4th year, the pruning the of pruning after field planting referring to outdoor cropping
A kind of method.Guarantee that fruitful branch will reach 70/single plant shrubbery~100/single plant shrubbery.
Stage in best fruiting period pruning after field planting：After fruit harvesting, single plant shrubbery retains fruitful branch group 3 of golden mean of the Confucian school stalwartness
~5, remaining all removes on patch ground from base portion, and the fruitful branch group of reservation reduces shrubbery height by retraction, strong by removing
Prosperous branch, weak branch, to the timely pinching of the young sprout sprouted thereon.The initial young sprout sprouted after pruning, grows into 50cm~70cm
When pinching.Pinching is carried out when sublateral shoot semi-lignified, by removing strong prosperous young sprout and adjusting growing way to the Tipping of reservation, is protected
It holds fruitful branch and reaches 70/single plant shrubbery~100/single plant shrubbery.It is more prosperous to growth potential and be not easy to form the kind of bud,
1 time~2 times paclobutrazols or 1 time~2 times PBO are sprayed when sublateral shoot pinching optionally first, concentration is 1667mg/L~3333mg/L.
Claims (1)
1. northern blueberry shaping and trimming method, is divided into open country, Leng Peng, Cultivation in Greenhouse shaping and trimming method, it is characterised in that
Including following procedure：
One, noun defined in trimming
Single plant shrubbery：One plant of blueberry of field planting is formed by shrubbery, referred to as single plant shrubbery in production；
Shrubbery is high：Refer to that single plant shrubbery, to the height of shrubbery highest point, referred to as fills high from earth's surface；
Shrubbery diameter：Refer to single plant shrubbery maximum diameter, abbreviation crown diameter；
The dry height of shrubbery：Refer to height of the single plant shrubbery from earth's surface at shrubbery diameter, referred to as dry height；
Shrubbery crown height：Refer to the height that shrubbery highest point is arrived at shrubbery diameter；
Parachute-shaped：High 100cm~the 120cm of shrubbery, shrubbery diameter 100cm~110cm, shrubbery do high 40cm~60cm, whether
According to kind, plant spacing, appropriate adjust fills high, fills diameter, does high size, high for the pruning of Gao Cong, half high clump blueberry
Clump, half high clump blueberry plant plant spacing are 1.0m × 2.0m；
Primary stipe：The branch sprouted at earth's surface is pasted before criticizing normal blueberry seedling field planting；
Baseline results branch group：After referring to field run plant field planting, cuts the primary stipe left and sprout new buds, and have flower_bud formation, referred to as one
Year life baseline results branch group；Annual baseline results branch group sprouts new buds, and has flower_bud formation, referred to as biennial baseline results
Branch group, and so on；
Initial young sprout：Patch earth's surface sprouts young sprout out after referring to field run plant field planting, referred to as initial young sprout；
Initial branch：The annual shoot that initial young sprout is formed, referred to as initial branch；It is formed after initial young sprout sprouting sublateral shoot annual
Branch, referred to as paniculate initial branch, otherwise, it is called unramified initial branch；
Initial results branch group：Refer to that initial branch sprouts new buds, and has flower_bud formation, referred to as annual initial results branch group；1 year
Raw initial results branch group sprouts new buds, and has flower_bud formation, referred to as biennial initial results branch group, and so on；
Two, the principle of pruning
The trimming principle of blueberry is：Central high, surrounding is low；Lining is tight, and periphery is dilute；It goes to put down tiltedly, stay upright；Nutrition is gone, result is stayed；
Uneducated person is gone, is stayed green thin；The center of dredging, cissing edge；It is dredged under upper contracting, dredging contracting is suitable for；Dredge is not cut more, scaling degree of having；
Three, the method for pruning
Integrally from single plant shrubbery, first with cut bavin reaping hook patch earth's surface slice off perennial baseline results branch group and perennial initial knot
Fruit branch group；Shrubbery growth potential balance is adjusted by retraction, sparse branching, the thin tip with pruner again；The pruning of outdoor cropping is in life
Long season, the pruning of cold canopy, Cultivation in Greenhouse was in Growing season, dormant period progress to overwintering preceding progress；
A, the pruning of outdoor cropping
In order to facilitate pruning, first blueberry seedling is classified before field planting；A kind of, only weak seedling one of the strong one kind of growing way, growing way
Class；Then, by classification field planting；After field planting, the strong seedling of growing way, which is cut, stays 2~3 primary stipes；The weak seedling of growing way, which is cut, stays 1~2
Primary stipe, the extremely weak seedling stump of individual growing ways；The strong retraction of only branch seedling growing way simultaneously retains 2~3 branches, and the weak seedling of growing way is flat
Stubble；Following three kinds of shaping and trimming methods are taken after seedling planting：
First method：It is colonized the seedling of current year, the initial young sprout for sprouting out carries out pinching when growing into 50cm~60cm；Second
Year, to paniculate initial branch carry out it is slow put, unramified initial branch is erased 10cm~15cm range below terminal bud in rudiment
Interior all buds；To the initial branch, annual shoot of required reservation take this method to handle in pruning later；Third year
To the 4th year, is removed after fruit harvesting and grow strong prosperous branch in baseline results branch group, retain the branch of growth potential golden mean of the Confucian school stalwartness；Emphasis training
Initial results branch group is supported, it is long to the timely pinching control of young sprout that utilizes is retained thereon, it removes before overwintering and is grown in fruitful branch group in time
Qiang Wangzhi；5th year, ground is all pasted to baseline results branch group after fruit harvesting and is removed from base portion；By 4 years to 5 years
Time completes shaping, and enters the best fruiting period；Best fruiting period task is adjustment initial results branch group, is reduced when trimming and finishing by retraction
Shrubbery height by sparse branching, dredges the tip, pinching adjusting growing way, to 4 years raw above initial results branch groups or ground after fruit harvesting
Diameter pastes ground in the initial results branch group of 2.0cm or more and removes from base portion, to keep 100/single plant of fruitful branch shrubbery~140
A/single plant shrubbery；
Second method：After seedling planting, the same first method of the pruning of the first three years；It lets alone within 4th year to the 5th year and does not repair
It cuts, the 6th year overwintering cold-proof preceding every one plant one plant of stump, to the plant for wanting stump is determined, after fruit harvesting, as long as influencing institute
The plant of reservation, influence a little go a bit, influence it is a piece of go it is a piece of；The 7th year overwintering preceding remaining plant of stump again, to determination
The plant for wanting stump, after fruit harvesting, as long as influencing retained plant, influence a little go a bit, influence it is a piece of go it is a piece of；
First Year after plant stump, when young sprout grows into 20cm~30cm, the strong initial young sprout reservation 15 of selection growth potential/
Single plant shrubbery~25/single plant shrubbery when initial young sprout deficiency, then are selected away from the closer young sprout of earth's surface, remaining whole is removed；9
The middle of the month to late September carries out pinching to no dormant young sprout；Second year task after plant stump is that adjustment is initial
Fruitful branch group removes strong prosperous young sprout after fruit harvesting, retains golden mean of the Confucian school stalwartness young sprout, guarantees that fruitful branch will reach 100/single plant
Shrubbery~140/single plant shrubbery prevent the initial young sprout sprouted from the second year after plant stump；It trims every year later whole
Shrubbery height is reduced by retraction when shape, growing way is adjusted by sparse branching；The 6th year after plant stump is overwintering cold-proof preceding every one plant
One plant of stump, the 7th year after plant stump it is overwintering before the remaining plant of stump again, thereby realize 6 years to 7 years and update
Once；Such pruning is overwintering cold-proof convenient for burying soil compared with saving of labor, but the underproduction 20%~30% is wanted when stump；
The third method：Only in the 6th year it is overwintering it is cold-proof before every a line stump a line, the 7th year it is overwintering it is cold-proof before again more than stump
Under row, the management of stump plant is referring to second method；Such pruning saving of labor, being more convenient for, it is overwintering cold-proof but flat to bury soil
Also the underproduction 20%~30% when stubble；
B, the pruning of cold canopy cultivation
Referring to the first method of outdoor cropping pruning, due to 30 days more early than outdoor cropping of fruit harvesting of cold canopy cultivation~
40 days, the plant strain growth phase was 30 days~40 days longer than outdoor cropping, after fruit harvesting, is cut by the summer and removes strong prosperous young sprout in time,
Keep the shrubbery golden mean of the Confucian school healthy and strong；Cold canopy cultivating plants formation bud is easier than outdoor cropping and amount is big, to keep fruitful branch 80
A/single plant shrubbery~110/single plant shrubbery；
C, the pruning of Cultivation in Greenhouse
Cultivation in Greenhouse is directly colonized 3 years raw seedlings after temporary planting or outdoor cropping just into the plant in the best fruiting period, field planting current year
Slow seedling, second year, which reaches, to be produced；Directly it is colonized the seedlings pruning being planted in two stages, first is that the temporary planting stage before being colonized, first is that
Stage in the best fruiting period after field planting；Directly field planting outdoor cropping is just into the plant pruning in the best fruiting period, referring to best fruiting period rank after field planting
The pruning of section；
It is planted the pruning of seedlings：Normal strong sprout is selected to be colonized, stump after field planting；Plant stump current year, the initial young sprout of sprouting
Pinching when growing into 45cm~60cm carries out pinching again to no dormant young sprout in mid-September to late September；
Second year delay to initial branch and be put, and the strong prosperous timely pinching of young sprout to sprouting removes strong on initial results branch group before overwintering
Prosperous branch retains golden mean of the Confucian school stalwartness branch；Prevent the initial young sprout sprouted from third year, is removed before overwintering strong prosperous in initial results branch group
Branch retains golden mean of the Confucian school stalwartness branch；It is colonized within 4th year, the pruning after field planting is referring to the first side of the pruning of outdoor cropping
Method；Guarantee that fruitful branch will reach 70/single plant shrubbery~100/single plant shrubbery；
Stage in best fruiting period pruning after field planting：After fruit harvesting, single plant shrubbery retains the fruitful branch group 3~5 of golden mean of the Confucian school stalwartness
A, remaining all removes on patch ground from base portion, and the fruitful branch group of reservation reduces shrubbery height by retraction, strong prosperous by removing
Branch, weak branch, to the timely pinching of the young sprout sprouted thereon；The initial young sprout sprouted after pruning, when growing into 50cm~70cm
Pinching；Secondary pinching is carried out when sublateral shoot semi-lignified, by removing strong prosperous young sprout and adjusting growing way to the Tipping of reservation,
Fruitful branch is kept to reach 70/single plant shrubbery~100/single plant shrubbery；It is more prosperous to growth potential and be not easy to form the kind of bud,
1 time~2 times paclobutrazols or 1 time~2 times PBO are sprayed in sublateral shoot pinching optionally first, concentration is 1667mg/L~3333mg/
L；
Outdoor cropping, the cultivation of cold canopy, Cultivation in Greenhouse, were both needed to complete parachute-shaped pruning into the best fruiting period.
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| CN107646395A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-02-02 | 青岛隆辉农业开发有限公司 | A kind of efficient, protecting field blueberry summer of increasing yield and improving quality cuts down formula pruning method |
| CN107548862A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-01-09 | 青岛隆辉农业开发有限公司 | Synthetic method for planting after a kind of brooder blueberries |
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| CN111512868A (en) * | 2020-04-11 | 2020-08-11 | 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所 | Plant shaping culture method for promoting high yield of Yunnan red edible roses |
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| CN111771564B (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2021-11-26 | 辽宁省果树科学研究所 | Greenhouse blueberry postharvest trimming method |
| CN113854031B (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2023-03-31 | 湖北省农业科学院果树茶叶研究所 | Cultivation method of simplified main trunk tree form of blueberry |
| CN115039622B (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2023-07-21 | 辽宁省果树科学研究所 | Blueberry flower-promoting pruning method |
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