CN107711256A - A kind of implantation methods for improving golden Chinese scholartree yield - Google Patents
A kind of implantation methods for improving golden Chinese scholartree yield Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of implantation methods for improving golden Chinese scholartree yield, step selects for (1) field：Golden Chinese scholartree field is selected in the unobstructed place of draining；(2) cave field planting is dug；(3) base fertilizer is applied：Decomposed chicken manure is mixed with soil, is backfilling into kind of plant hole；(4) transplant：Grafting is positioned in kind of plant hole, burial of fetching earth, irrigates root water；The pruning of (5) first annuity Chinese scholartree treelets；(6) Second Year is pinched shaping 2~3 times again according to the method for above-mentioned steps (5), forms 6~7 layers of branch, and shaping is completed；The pruning of (7) the 3rd years trees, Jin Huaike enter high yield period；(8) the 4th years and later trimming trimming：Outermost layer is that the branch thick of six or seven grades of branches is maintained at 0.5~1cm, and length is maintained at 5cm.The present invention reduces branch of excessive growth consumption nutrient and canopy, adds ventilation and penetrating light, and can effectively prevent the generation of pest and disease damage, promotes the high yield for tying meter He Jinhuai gardens in advance of golden Chinese scholartree.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural plantation technology field, more particularly to a kind of implantation methods for improving golden Chinese scholartree yield.
Background technology
The dry flower of sophora bud system legume Chinese scholartree (Sophora japonica L.), is a kind of Special Traditional Chinese Medicine material, its
Active ingredient rutin plays the role of anti-inflammatory, spasmolysis, antiulcer, suppression bacterium, fungi and virus and absorbs ultraviolet.Golden Chinese scholartree is many
A branch in more Chinese scholartree kinds, Gui Bei and Hunan south area are grown on, entitled gold is obtained because the sophora bud of its output is in golden yellow
Chinese scholartree.Quanzhou is the optimal place of production for producing the high-quality sophora bud, there is irreplaceable regional superiority.The soil property of there, weather etc. it is special from
The excellent kind that right factor creates " the golden sophora bud " is high-quality.
At present, the golden Chinese scholartree cultivated area of Quanzhou County is up to 270,000 mu.But according to investigations there is asking for low yield in about 1/2 Jin Huaiyuan
Topic, itself main reason is that：1) plantation amount is few, and golden Chinese scholartree plantation is generally using 4m × 4.5m seeding row spacing at present, and every mu only
40~50 plants can be planted；2) based on heavy pruning, single plant yield is low for trimming, and the branch growing way that golden Chinese scholartree sprouts after heavy pruning is vigorous, knot
Though flower spike is big, the sophora bud is not loose, compact, and branch quantity is few, and these factors cause its single plant yield and total output relatively low, especially
It is the small planting household of cultivated area.Therefore, how to improve the yield of unit area is to be badly in need of solving in current golden Chinese scholartree plantation
Problem.
The information for being disclosed in the background section is merely intended to understanding of the increase to the general background of the present invention, without answering
It has been the prior art well known to persons skilled in the art when being considered as recognizing or implying the information structure in any form.
The content of the invention
The present invention is directed to above-mentioned technical problem, invents a kind of implantation methods for improving golden Chinese scholartree yield, it is intended to obtain a kind of production
Measure high, effectively pre- preventing disease and pest implantation methods.
To achieve the above object, technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows：
A kind of implantation methods for improving golden Chinese scholartree yield, include following operating procedure：
(1) field selects：Golden Chinese scholartree field is selected in the unobstructed place of draining；
(2) cave field planting is dug；
(3) base fertilizer is applied：Decomposed chicken manure is mixed with soil, is backfilling into kind of plant hole；
(4) transplant：Selection root system is complete, the golden Chinese scholartree grafting (stock is annual Chinese scholar tree seedling) of robust growth, will
Grafting root system burial of fetching earth, gently above carries according to being positioned over behind direction of growth Shunping County in kind of plant hole, steady and sure after blinding, irrigates
Root water；
The pruning of (5) first annuity Chinese scholartree treelets, concrete operation step are as follows：
(a) robust growth, upright young sprout is selected to retain after the grafting of step (4) plantation sprouts, its
Remaining whole is erased；Pinched when the upright length of the young sprout of reservation is 70~80cm, at the same time, in the young sprout stalk of reservation
Start to carve bud every 15~20cm, the direction of sprouting is evenly distributed on different directions, Their First Branch is formed after sprouting；
(b) liquid manure is applied；
(c) pinched again when the tip length that golden Chinese scholartree trunk horizontal direction upper level branch is newly sprouted is to 5~7cm, and stay bud
Direction stays bud direction vertical with Their First Branch, forms two level branch, pinches during the 8~10cm of young sprout of two level side shoot top, then selection life
Long young sprout that is healthy and strong, stretching to surrounding retains；
(d) liquid manure is applied；
(e) pinched again when the tip length newly sprouted on two level branch is to 5~7cm, and stay the direction of bud with staying bud side in (c)
To vertical, formation three-level branch；Pinched during the 8~11cm of young sprout of trunk top, then growth selection is healthy and strong, stretches to the young sprout guarantor of surrounding
Stay；
(f) liquid manure is applied；
(g) pinched again when the tip length newly sprouted on three-level branch is to 5~7cm, and stay the direction of bud with staying bud side in (e)
To vertical, formation level Four branch；Pinched during the 8~11cm of young sprout of trunk top, then growth selection is healthy and strong, stretches to the young sprout guarantor of surrounding
Stay；
(h) winter pruning：It is allowed to grow after forming level Four branch, not reshaping before fallen leaves, it is only necessary to carry out desinsection, water, remove
The general management such as grass, winter trim to level Four branch, stay branch to be about 5cm, being trimmed to from base portion for top tip is cut off, and slows down tree
Second Year is grown up；
(6) Second Year is pinched shaping 2~3 times again according to the method for above-mentioned steps (5), forms 6~7 layers of branch, shaping base
This completion；
The pruning of (7) the 3rd years trees：3rd year outermost layer, i.e., the branch thick of six or seven grades branches are in 0.5~1cm
Optimum branch, outermost branch are more than 1cm branch of then pinching again if any rugosity, are maintained at its outermost layer rugosity
0.5~1cm, golden Chinese scholartree can be initially entered into high yield period；
(8) the 4th years and later trimming trimming：Outermost layer is that the branch thick of six or seven grades of branches is maintained at 0.5~1cm,
Length is maintained at 5cm, is bounced back one layer every 1 year, to prevent that hat width is excessive.
Preferably, the digging cave field planting described in step (2) be that the golden Chinese scholartree of plantation according to seeding row spacing is that 1.2m × 2m is excavated calmly
Plant hole, wide 0.8~1m of planting pit, deep 50~80cm.
Preferably, in step (3) by chicken manure decomposed 10kg with soil according to 1:2 volume ratio mixing, is backfilling into plantation
In cave.
Preferably, step (b) is all that every plant of golden Chinese scholartree application quality compares nitrogen as step (d) dose：Phosphorus：Potassium=
15：:15：15 composite fertilizer 150g, uniformly poured after water-soluble in golden Chinese scholartree root.
Preferably, the application quality described in step (f) is that every plant of golden Chinese scholartree seedling applies nitrogen than liquid manure：Phosphorus：Potassium=22：:
11：8 composite fertilizer 150g, uniformly poured in root after water-soluble.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that：
The inventive method adds every mu of planting number, and every mu of plantation strain number is brought up to by original 40 plants or so
200 plants or so；Further, the present invention form master branch be distributed it is relatively reasonable tree-like, reduce branch of excessive growth consumption nutrient and
Canopy, ventilation and penetrating light is added, and can effectively prevent the generation of pest and disease damage, promote the rice of knot in advance of golden Chinese scholartree and golden Chinese scholartree
The high yield in garden.
Embodiment
It is described in detail with reference to embodiment, it is to be understood that protection scope of the present invention is not by specific
The limitation of embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of implantation methods for improving golden Chinese scholartree yield, include following operating procedure：
(1) field selects：Golden Chinese scholartree adaptability is stronger, and in general edaphic condition is all suitable for, but prolonged ponding then pole
It is dead to easily cause golden Chinese scholartree seedling, therefore golden Chinese scholartree field must be selected in the unobstructed place of draining；
(2) cave field planting is dug：Plant golden Chinese scholartree according to seeding row spacing be 1.2m × 2m excavate planting pit, wide 0.8~1m of planting pit,
Deep 50~60cm；
(3) base fertilizer is applied：By chicken manure decomposed 10kg with soil according to 1:2 volume ratio mixing, is backfilling into kind of plant hole；
(4) transplant：Selection root system is complete, the golden Chinese scholartree grafting (stock is annual Chinese scholar tree seedling) of robust growth, will
Grafting root system burial of fetching earth, gently above carries according to being positioned over behind direction of growth Shunping County in kind of plant hole, steady and sure after blinding, irrigates
Root water；
The pruning of (5) first annuity Chinese scholartree treelets, concrete operation step are as follows：
(a) robust growth, upright young sprout is selected to retain after the grafting of step (4) plantation sprouts, its
Remaining whole is erased；Pinched when the upright length of the young sprout of reservation is 70~75cm, at the same time, in the young sprout stalk of reservation
Start to carve bud every 15~20cm, the direction of sprouting is evenly distributed on different directions, Their First Branch is formed after sprouting；
(b) step (a) after-applied liquid manure is completed：Every plant of golden Chinese scholartree applies quality and compares nitrogen：Phosphorus：Potassium=15：:15：15 it is compound
Fertile 150g, uniformly poured after water-soluble in golden Chinese scholartree root；
(c) pinched again when the tip length that golden Chinese scholartree trunk horizontal direction upper level branch is newly sprouted is to 5~7cm, and stay bud
Direction stays bud direction vertical with Their First Branch, forms two level branch, pinches during the 8~10cm of young sprout of two level side shoot top, then selection life
Long young sprout that is healthy and strong, stretching to surrounding retains；
(d) applied fertilizer immediately after completing step (c), every plant of golden Chinese scholartree applies quality and compares nitrogen：Phosphorus：Potassium=15：:15：15 it is compound
Fertile 150g, uniformly poured in root after water-soluble；
(e) pinched again when the tip length newly sprouted on two level branch is to 5~7cm, and stay the direction of bud with staying bud side in (c)
To vertical, formation three-level branch；Pinched during the 8~11cm of young sprout of trunk top, then growth selection is healthy and strong, stretches to the young sprout guarantor of surrounding
Stay；
(f) applied fertilizer immediately after completing step (e), apply liquid manure：Every plant of golden Chinese scholartree seedling applies nitrogen：Phosphorus：Potassium=22：:11：8
Composite fertilizer 150g, uniformly poured in root after water-soluble；
(g) pinched again when the tip length newly sprouted on three-level branch is to 5-7cm, and stay the direction of bud with staying bud side in (e)
To vertical, formation level Four branch；Pinched during the young sprout 8-11cm of trunk top, then growth selection is healthy and strong, stretches to the young sprout guarantor of surrounding
Stay；
(h) winter pruning：It is allowed to grow after forming level Four branch, (to Second Year spring after applying fertilizer from step (f)) before fallen leaves
Not reshaping, it is only necessary to carry out the general management such as desinsection, watering, weeding, winter trims to level Four branch, stays branch to be about 5cm
Left and right, being trimmed to from base portion for top tip are cut off, and are slowed down tree Second Year and are grown up；(6) side of the Second Year according to above-mentioned steps (5)
Method is pinched shaping 2~3 times again, forms 6~7 grades of branches, and shaping is basically completed；
The pruning of (7) the 3rd years trees：3rd year outermost layer, i.e., the branch thick of six or seven grades branches are left in 0.5-1cm
The right side is optimum branch, and outermost branch is more than 1cm branch of then pinching again if any rugosity, keeps its outermost layer rugosity
In 0.5-1cm, golden Chinese scholartree can be initially entered into high yield period；
(8) the 4th years and later trimming trimming：Outermost layer is that the branch thick of six or seven grades of branches is maintained at 0.5~1cm,
Length is maintained at 5cm or so, is bounced back one layer every 1 year, to prevent that hat width is excessive；Annual sophora bud yield is counted after plantation, is drawn
As shown by the data in table 1.
Embodiment 2
A kind of implantation methods for improving golden Chinese scholartree yield, include following operating procedure：
(1) field selects：Golden Chinese scholartree adaptability is stronger, and in general edaphic condition is all suitable for, but prolonged ponding then pole
It is dead to easily cause golden Chinese scholartree seedling, therefore golden Chinese scholartree field must be selected in the unobstructed place of draining；
(2) cave field planting is dug：Plant golden Chinese scholartree according to seeding row spacing be 1.2m × 2m excavate planting pit, wide 0.8~1m of planting pit,
Deep 60~80cm；
(3) base fertilizer is applied：By chicken manure decomposed 10kg with soil according to 1:2 volume ratio mixing, is backfilling into kind of plant hole；
(4) transplant：Selection root system is complete, the golden Chinese scholartree grafting (stock is annual Chinese scholar tree seedling) of robust growth, will
Grafting root system burial of fetching earth, gently above carries according to being positioned over behind direction of growth Shunping County in kind of plant hole, steady and sure after blinding, irrigates
Root water；
The pruning of (5) first annuity Chinese scholartree treelets, concrete operation step are as follows：
(a) robust growth, upright young sprout is selected to retain after the grafting of step (4) plantation sprouts, its
Remaining whole is erased；Pinched when the upright length of the young sprout of reservation is 75~80cm, at the same time, in the young sprout stalk of reservation
Start to carve bud every 15~20cm, the direction of sprouting is evenly distributed on different directions, Their First Branch is formed after sprouting；
(b) step (a) after-applied liquid manure is completed：Every plant of golden Chinese scholartree applies quality and compares nitrogen：Phosphorus：Potassium=15：:15：15 it is compound
Fertile 150g, uniformly poured after water-soluble in golden Chinese scholartree root；
(c) pinched again when the tip length that golden Chinese scholartree trunk horizontal direction upper level branch is newly sprouted is to 5~7cm, and stay bud
Direction stays bud direction vertical with Their First Branch, forms two level branch, pinches during the 8~10cm of young sprout of two level side shoot top, then selection life
Long young sprout that is healthy and strong, stretching to surrounding retains；
(d) applied fertilizer immediately after completing step (c), every plant of golden Chinese scholartree applies quality and compares nitrogen：Phosphorus：Potassium=15：:15：15 it is compound
Fertile 150g, uniformly poured in root after water-soluble；
(e) pinched again when the tip length newly sprouted on two level branch is to 5~7cm, and stay the direction of bud with staying bud side in (c)
To vertical, formation three-level branch；Pinched during the 8~11cm of young sprout of trunk top, then growth selection is healthy and strong, stretches to the young sprout guarantor of surrounding
Stay；
(f) applied fertilizer immediately after completing step (e), apply liquid manure：Every plant of golden Chinese scholartree seedling applies nitrogen：Phosphorus：Potassium=22：:11：8
Composite fertilizer 150g, uniformly poured in root after water-soluble；
(g) pinched again when the tip length newly sprouted on three-level branch is to 5-7cm, and stay the direction of bud with staying bud side in (e)
To vertical, formation level Four branch；Pinched during the young sprout 8-11cm of trunk top, then growth selection is healthy and strong, stretches to the young sprout guarantor of surrounding
Stay；
(h) winter pruning：It is allowed to grow after forming level Four branch, (to Second Year spring after applying fertilizer from step (f)) before fallen leaves
Not reshaping, it is only necessary to carry out the general management such as desinsection, watering, weeding, winter trims to level Four branch, stays branch to be about 5cm
Left and right, being trimmed to from base portion for top tip are cut off, and are slowed down tree Second Year and are grown up；(6) side of the Second Year according to above-mentioned steps (5)
Method is pinched shaping 2~3 times again, forms 6~7 grades of branches, and shaping is basically completed；
The pruning of (7) the 3rd years trees：3rd year outermost layer, i.e., the branch thick of six or seven grades branches are left in 0.5-1cm
The right side is optimum branch, and outermost branch is more than 1cm branch of then pinching again if any rugosity, keeps its outermost layer rugosity
In 0.5-1cm, golden Chinese scholartree can be initially entered into high yield period；
(8) the 4th years and later trimming trimming：Outermost layer is that the branch thick of six or seven grades of branches is maintained at 0.5~1cm,
Length is maintained at 5cm or so, is bounced back one layer every 1 year, to prevent that hat width is excessive.
Comparative example 1
The method of general planting gold Chinese scholartree：The grafting nursery stock that golden Chinese scholartree goes out garden only has single trunk, and trunk height 50 is determined after plantation
~100cm, plantation take out young sprout of hair and stay 3~4 major branches then, and each major branch stays long 20~30cm.Hair is taken out after pinching
Secondary young sprout, stay 2~3 secondary major branches, 20~30cm of length.Hair young sprout three times is taken out after secondary pinching, stays 2~3 branches, length is
20~40cm.Four young sprouts of hair are taken out after pinching three times, stay 2~3 branches, length is 20~40cm.Each pinching pays attention to staying bud side
To the bud for staying level to be grown to surrounding, up and down bud does not stay.Continuous pinching three times then, may make up 3~4 major branches, 6~
12 secondary major branches, the natural open centre shape that 3~4 grades of branch series, are produced；Annual sophora bud yield is counted after plantation, is drawn such as the institute of table 1
Registration evidence.
Table 1
The description of the foregoing specific illustrative embodiment to the present invention is to illustrate and the purpose of illustration.These descriptions
It is not wishing to limit the invention to disclosed precise forms, and it will be apparent that according to above-mentioned teaching, can be much changed
And change.The purpose of selecting and describing the exemplary embodiment is that explain that the certain principles of the present invention and its reality should
With so that those skilled in the art can realize and utilize the present invention a variety of exemplaries and
Various chooses and changes.The scope of the present invention is intended to be limited by claims and its equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of implantation methods for improving golden Chinese scholartree yield, it is characterised in that include following operating procedure：
(1) field selects：Golden Chinese scholartree field is selected in the unobstructed place of draining；
(2) cave field planting is dug；
(3) base fertilizer is applied：Decomposed chicken manure is mixed with soil, is backfilling into kind of plant hole；
(4) transplant：Grafting is positioned in kind of plant hole, burial of fetching earth, irrigates root water；
The pruning of (5) first annuity Chinese scholartree treelets, concrete operation step are as follows：
(a) one young sprout of selection retains after the grafting of step (4) plantation sprouts, and remaining whole is erased；It is new when reservation
The tip upright length is pinched when being 70~80cm, at the same time, starts quarter bud every 15~20cm in the young sprout stalk of reservation, will
The direction of sprouting is evenly distributed on different directions, and Their First Branch is formed after sprouting；
(b) liquid manure is applied；
(c) pinched again when the tip length that golden Chinese scholartree trunk horizontal direction upper level branch is newly sprouted is to 5~7cm, formation two level branch, two
Pinched during level side shoot top 8~10cm of young sprout, then growth selection is healthy and strong, stretches to the young sprout reservation of surrounding；
(d) liquid manure is applied；
(e) pinched again when the tip length newly sprouted on two level branch is to 5~7cm, form three-level branch；Trunk top young sprout 8~
Pinched during 11cm, then growth selection is healthy and strong, stretches to the young sprout reservation of surrounding；
(f) liquid manure is applied；
(g) pinched again when the tip length newly sprouted on three-level branch is to 5~7cm, and stay the direction of bud with staying bud direction to hang down in (e)
Directly, level Four branch is formed；Pinched during the 8~11cm of young sprout of trunk top, then growth selection is healthy and strong, stretches to the young sprout reservation of surrounding；
(h) winter pruning：It is allowed to grow after forming level Four branch, not reshaping before fallen leaves, it is only necessary to carry out desinsection, watering, weeding etc.
Generality management, winter trim to level Four branch, stay branch to be about 5cm, being trimmed to from base portion for top tip is cut off, and slows down tree second
Year grows up；
(6) Second Year is pinched shaping 2~3 times again according to the method for above-mentioned steps (5), forms 6~7 layers of branch, and shaping is completed；
The pruning of (7) the 3rd years trees：3rd year outermost layer, i.e., the branch thicks of six or seven grades branches are optimal in 0.5~1cm
Fruitful branch, outermost branch are more than 1cm branch of then pinching again if any rugosity, make its outermost layer rugosity be maintained at 0.5~
1cm, Jin Huaike enter high yield period；
(8) the 4th years and later trimming trimming：Outermost layer is that the branch thick of six or seven grades of branches is maintained at 0.5~1cm, length
5cm is maintained at, was bounced back one layer every 1 year, to prevent that hat width is excessive.
2. implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Digging cave field planting described in step (2) is plantation gold
Chinese scholartree is that 1.2m × 2m excavates planting pit, wide 0.8~1m of planting pit, deep 50~80cm according to seeding row spacing.
3. implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Chicken manure decomposed 10kg is pressed with soil in step (3)
According to 1:2 volume ratio mixing, is backfilling into kind of plant hole.
4. implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step (b) is all as step (d) dose
Every plant of golden Chinese scholartree applies quality and compares nitrogen：Phosphorus：Potassium=15：:15：15 composite fertilizer 150g, uniformly poured after water-soluble in golden Chinese scholartree root.
5. implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Application quality described in step (f) is than liquid manure
Every plant of golden Chinese scholartree seedling applies nitrogen：Phosphorus：Potassium=22：:11：8 composite fertilizer 150g, uniformly poured in root after water-soluble.
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| CN113951032A (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2022-01-21 | 广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所 | Cost-saving and efficiency-increasing golden locust cultivation method |
| CN113951032B (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2022-12-16 | 广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所 | Cost-saving and efficiency-increasing golden locust cultivation method |
| CN114651655A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-06-24 | 广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所 | Cultivation method for high yield of early blossoms of sophora japonica |
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Inventor after: Shi Yancai Inventor after: Zou Rong Inventor after: Tang Jianmin Inventor after: Jiang Liquan Inventor after: Jiang Shisong Inventor after: Jiang Yunsheng Inventor after: Xiong Zhongchen Inventor after: Wei Jiqing Inventor before: Zou Rong Inventor before: Shi Yancai Inventor before: Tang Jianmin Inventor before: Jiang Liquan Inventor before: Jiang Shisong Inventor before: Jiang Yunsheng Inventor before: Xiong Zhongchen Inventor before: Wei Jiqing |
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Effective date of registration: 20210210 Address after: 629022 group 1, Shuyuan village, Laochi Township, Chuanshan District, Suining City, Sichuan Province Patentee after: Suining Xinjingyuan Bio-environmental Protection Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: No. 85 Yanshan Street, Yanshan District, Guilin City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Patentee before: GUANGXI INSTITUTE OF BOTANY, THE CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE Patentee before: QUANZHOU GUANGFA PARAPHLONIA PLANTING PROFESSIONAL COOPERATIVE Patentee before: QUANZHOU SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY INFORMATION Research Institute |