CN109302937A - A kind of garden apocarya high yield implantation methods - Google Patents
A kind of garden apocarya high yield implantation methods Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109302937A CN109302937A CN201811359100.8A CN201811359100A CN109302937A CN 109302937 A CN109302937 A CN 109302937A CN 201811359100 A CN201811359100 A CN 201811359100A CN 109302937 A CN109302937 A CN 109302937A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- branch
- apocarya
- garden
- tree
- implantation methods
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of garden apocarya high yield implantation methods, it is colonized by orchard establishment, fertilizer application, pruning, disease control, timely collecting and etc. composition, the present invention uses garden fine-grained management, from the use of fertilizer, the trimming of tree body, Integrated Dept. pipe is implemented in prevention and treatment of disease etc., upgrading synergy, more previous extensive management, optimize fertilizer ratio and method of application and period, and by carrying out the prunings such as "-" type to tree body, for the apocarya to enjoy light by force, substantially improve the illumination condition of thorax in tree crown, improve illumination utilization rate, the normal growth and output and quality that ensure that interior thorax fruit branch improve, cooperate quarter bud again, by branch, draw the routine techniques management measures such as branch, it can obtain and more preferably promote flower rush fruit effect, guarantee the formation of apocarya early yield and the raising of benefit , reference is provided for the large-scale production of apocarya, meets the needs of domestic market is to apocarya.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to planting technology field more particularly to a kind of garden apocarya high yield implantation methods.
Background technique
One kind also known as pecan tree in apocarya system Juglandaceae hickory are height famous in the world
One of shelves nut tree species.Apocarya originates in North America, the main product U.S., and China introduces a fine variety the history of existing last 100 years.Walnut is rich
Fatty, protein, multivitamin and microelement, eating walnut product not only can be with healthcare, but also energy diseases prevention treatment, together
When walnut wood quality ground tough and tensile, beautiful texture, for the precious material for making noble furniture and musical instrument.In recent years, with national agriculture
High enthusiasm is presented to apocarya is developed in industry industry restructuring, the implementation of multi-line regression model, raiser.
The plantation of country's apocarya mostly uses greatly extensive management at present, leads due to garden location is improper, liquid manure lacks
Cause tree body decline, pest and disease damage serious, low output and unstable.More there are some farmers to pursue high speed and large area simply, suddenly
Depending on the adaptability of kind, cause a piece of garden have it is multiple mix kind, fruit shape is greatly different in size after fruiting, and the maturity period is different, product
Matter is very different, and overall efficiency is not high, cannot form the consistent high-grade fruit of batch specification, and competitiveness is not strong in the market,
Also it is unfavorable for the management of walnut garden simultaneously.
It simultaneously, is also an important factor for influencing walnut later period yield, without appropriate on walnut tree body pruning
Trimming, hickory nut tree body nutrient consumption are exaggerated, and excessive growth easy to form is not firm, bad economic results.Current trimming relies on farmer mostly
Previous experiences, various balances such as the assurance ventilation of no forensic science, light transmission, nutrient supply affect apocarya kind
The economic benefit of plant.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to remedy the disadvantages of known techniques, provides a kind of garden apocarya high yield plantation side
Method.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of garden apocarya high yield implantation methods, are made of following steps:
(1) orchard establishment is colonized: selection height of seedling 1.2m or more, ground diameter rugosity 1.3-1.6cm, root system be complete, no disease and pests harm uniformly transfers
Seedlings picking is colonized, and plant spacing control is (4-5) m × (8-10) m, and into planting pit, 40-50kg is applied in every cave before field planting
Decomposed organic fertilizer, is backfilled after field planting with surface soil, fixed dry at the 1.2-1.5m of ground after pouring water；
(2) fertilizer application: before early spring rudiment and the first tenday period of a month in July supplement a concentrated fertilizer respectively, and dose presses every square metre
Nitrogen 40-50g, phosphorus 15-20g, potassium 5-10g, organic fertilizer 3-5kg are applied in hat width projection, and apply decomposed manure again before entering the winter,
Each tree applies 50-70kg；
(3) pruning: at sapling up-growth head 2 years, all erasing after Yu Dinggan to doing the bud that high 1m or less sprouts, above
Position selects the young sprout of robust growth to be trained major branch, and the control of major branch quantity is 3-4, uniformly configures 2-3 on each major branch again
A side shoot, pinching when auxiliary support branch grows into 0.4-0.6m, while winter " "-" type " is carried out to young-abounding tree and extends trimming: centering
The extension branch of dry, major branch, side shoot and the fruit-bearing shoot cluster of culture, is extended forward using single branch, is removed and is extended branch current year base portion
Competitive branch and rear portion vertical branch.To tree body top branch, except done in reservation it is upright in addition to, remove overstocked excessively prosperous vertical branch and in
Dry competitive branch, the slightly weak branch of reservation keep " "-" type " to extend outwardly after evening up, and highly reach the second layer, third layer requirement
, layering shape is evacuated according to trunk or spindle culture is tree-like；
(4) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: pest and disease damage is prevented and treated with physics, chemistry, bioconjugation, is periodically weeded with a hoe, and removes dry branches and fallen leaves, together
When pick up buried black fruit, burn dry branch, plane soil dries in the air root, set up black light lamps, and artificial capture method adult in pest high-incidence period,
Chemical agent is sprayed to tree crown at the same time, and trunk borer worm channel is blocked with medicine ball；
(5) timely collecting: after walnut is mature, when Chinese olive in the tree when, the green peel natural cracking that has 30% or more, fruit face are by green
Discoloration starts to be harvested when being yellow green.
The field planting that the rectangular planting pit that side length is 0.8-1.0m carries out seedling strain is excavated in the step 1.
Soil layer height is more than ground level 1-2cm in surface soil backfill time control making hole in the step 1.
When decomposed manure is applied in the step 2, deep along the digging of tree crown periphery around trunk to the treelet in 5 years,
Width is the annular ditch of 25-30cm, and fertilizer is uniformly applied in ditch and is banketed.
When decomposed manure is applied in the step 2, to 5 years or more bearing-age trees centered on trunk, apart from trunk
The straight line ditch that 6-8 item is deep, width is 25-30cm is uniformly dug at 1m outward, tree crown periphery is extended to, fertilizer is uniformly applied in ditch
And it bankets.
The pruning time in winter, summer pruning was whole for 1 month before annual rudiment with after fall foliage in the step 3
A season of growth can carry out.
The invention has the advantages that
The present invention uses garden fine-grained management, implements to integrate from use, the trimming of tree body, the prevention and treatment of disease of fertilizer etc.
Section's pipe, upgrading synergy optimize fertilizer ratio and method of application and period, and by tree under previous extensive management
Body carries out the prunings such as "-" type, not only keeps extending branch apical growth with certain growth advantage, but also promotes raw for the year extend
The sprouting of lopwood rear portion bud and weak branch are formed, and the bud differentiation of rear portion branch and formation are promoted, while remaining single top branch
Item, reducing tree crown periphery branch influences illumination condition, is to open scene to lead to for the apocarya to enjoy light by force
Road substantially improves the illumination condition of thorax in tree crown, improves illumination utilization rate, be conducive to interior thorax fruit branch normal growth and
Output and quality improves, then cooperates and carve bud, take branch, draw the routine techniques management measures such as branch, can obtain more preferably rush flower and promote
Fruit effect guarantees the formation of apocarya early yield and the raising of benefit, provides for the large-scale production of apocarya
With reference to meeting the needs of domestic market is to apocarya.
Specific embodiment
A kind of garden apocarya high yield implantation methods, are made of following steps:
(1) orchard establishment is colonized: selection height of seedling 1.2m or more, ground diameter rugosity 1.4-1.5cm, root system be complete, no disease and pests harm uniformly transfers
Seedlings picking, the rectangular planting pit progress seedling strain that excavation side length is 1.0m be colonized, and plant spacing control is (4-5) m × (8-
10) m, the organic fertilizer every cave application 45kg decomposed into planting pit, is backfilled after field planting with surface soil, surface soil controls when backfilling before field planting
Soil layer height is more than ground level 1.5cm in cave, fixed dry at the 1.2-1.5m of ground after pouring water；
(2) fertilizer application: before early spring rudiment and the first tenday period of a month in July supplement a concentrated fertilizer respectively, and dose presses every square metre
Nitrogen 45g, phosphorus 18g, potassium 6g, organic fertilizer 4kg are applied in hat width projection, and apply decomposed manure again before entering the winter, each tree application
60kg when decomposed manure is applied, digs the ring that deep, width is 30cm along tree crown periphery around trunk to the treelet in 5 years
Fertilizer is uniformly applied in ditch and is banketed by shape ditch, to 5 years or more bearing-age trees centered on trunk, at trunk 1m to
8 depths of outer uniformly digging, width are the straight line ditch of 25cm, extend to tree crown periphery, fertilizer is uniformly applied in ditch and is banketed；
(3) pruning: after the pruning time in winter is 1 month before annual rudiment and fall foliage, summer pruning is in growth
Season carries out.At sapling up-growth head 2 years, all erases after Yu Dinggan to doing the bud that high 1m or less sprouts, selected with upper bit
The young sprout of robust growth is trained major branch, and the control of major branch quantity is 3-4, uniformly configures 2-3 side shoot on each major branch again, auxiliary
Support branch growth arrive 0.4-0.6m when pinching, while to young-abounding tree carry out winter " "-" type " extend trimming: centering do, major branch, side
Branch and culture fruit-bearing shoot cluster extension branch, extended forward using single branch, remove extend branch current year base portion competitive branch and after
Portion's vertical branch.To tree body top branch, except done in reservation it is upright in addition to, remove overstocked excessively prosperous vertical branch and in dry competitive branch,
Retain slightly weak branch, after evening up keep " "-" type " extend outwardly, highly reach the second layer, third layer require, according to master
Dry evacuation layering shape or spindle culture are tree-like；
(4) disease control: pest and disease damage is prevented and treated with physics, chemistry, bioconjugation, is periodically weeded with a hoe, and removes dry branches and fallen leaves, simultaneously
Buried black fruit to be picked up, burns dry branch, plane soil dries in the air root, black light lamps, and artificial capture method adult are set up in insect evil high-incidence period,
Chemical agent is sprayed to tree crown at the same time, and trunk borer worm channel is blocked with medicine ball；
(5) timely collecting: after walnut is mature, when Chinese olive in the tree when, the green peel natural cracking that has 30% or more, fruit face are by green
Discoloration starts to be harvested when being yellow green.
Claims (8)
- The implantation methods 1. a kind of garden apocarya is got bumper crops, which is characterized in that be made of following steps:(1) orchard establishment is colonized: selection height of seedling 1.2m or more, ground diameter rugosity 1.3-1.6cm, root system be complete, no disease and pests harm uniformly transfers Seedlings picking is colonized, and plant spacing control is (4-5) m × (8-10) m, and into planting pit, 40-50kg is applied in every cave before field planting Decomposed organic fertilizer, is backfilled after field planting with surface soil, fixed dry at the 1.2-1.5m of ground after pouring water；(2) fertilizer application: before early spring rudiment and the first tenday period of a month in July supplement a concentrated fertilizer respectively, and dose presses every square metre Nitrogen 40-50g, phosphorus 15-20g, potassium 5-10g, organic fertilizer 3-5kg are applied in hat width projection, and apply decomposed manure again before entering the winter, Each tree applies 50-70kg；(3) pruning: at sapling up-growth head 2 years, all erasing after Yu Dinggan to doing the bud that high 1m or less sprouts, above Position selects the young sprout of robust growth to be trained major branch, and the control of major branch quantity is 3-4, uniformly configures 2-3 on each major branch again A side shoot, pinching when auxiliary support branch grows into 0.4-0.6m, while winter " "-" type " is carried out to young-abounding tree and extends trimming: centering The extension branch of dry, major branch, side shoot and the fruit-bearing shoot cluster of culture, is extended forward using single branch, is removed and is extended branch current year base portion Competitive branch and rear portion vertical branch.
- 2. pair tree body top branch, except done in reservation it is upright in addition to, remove overstocked excessively prosperous vertical branch and in dry competitive branch, retain Slightly weak branch, after evening up keep " "-" type " extend outwardly, highly reach the second layer, third layer require, according to trunk dredge It dissipates layering shape or spindle culture is tree-like.
- 3.(4) the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: pest and disease damage is prevented and treated with physics, chemistry, bioconjugation, is periodically weeded with a hoe, and dry branches and fallen leaves is removed, Pick up buried black fruit simultaneously, burn dry branch, plane soil dries in the air root, set up black light lamps in pest high-incidence period, and artificial capture method at Worm sprays chemical agent to tree crown at the same time, and blocks trunk borer worm channel with medicine ball；(5) timely collecting: after walnut is mature, when Chinese olive in the tree when, the green peel natural cracking that has 30% or more, fruit face are by green Discoloration starts to be harvested when being yellow green.
- The implantation methods 4. garden apocarya according to claim 1 is got bumper crops, which is characterized in that dug in the step 1 Dig the field planting that the rectangular planting pit that side length is 0.8-1.0m carries out seedling strain.
- The implantation methods 5. garden apocarya according to claim 1 is got bumper crops, which is characterized in that table in the step 1 Soil layer height is more than ground level 1-2cm in earthen backfill time control making hole.
- The implantation methods 6. garden apocarya according to claim 1 is got bumper crops, which is characterized in that rotten in the step 2 When ripe organic fertilizer application, the annular ditch that deep, width is 25-30cm is dug along tree crown periphery around trunk to the treelet in 5 years, Fertilizer is uniformly applied in ditch and is banketed.
- The implantation methods 7. garden apocarya according to claim 1 is got bumper crops, which is characterized in that rotten in the step 2 When ripe organic fertilizer application, to 5 years or more bearing-age trees centered on trunk, uniformly dug outward at trunk 1m 6-8 item it is deep, Width is the straight line ditch of 25-30cm, extends to tree crown periphery, fertilizer is uniformly applied in ditch and is banketed.
- The implantation methods 8. garden apocarya according to claim 1 is got bumper crops, which is characterized in that winter in the step 3 After the pruning time in season is 1 month before annual rudiment and fall foliage, summer pruning can be carried out in the entire season of growth.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811359100.8A CN109302937A (en) | 2018-11-15 | 2018-11-15 | A kind of garden apocarya high yield implantation methods |
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| CN201811359100.8A CN109302937A (en) | 2018-11-15 | 2018-11-15 | A kind of garden apocarya high yield implantation methods |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110476691A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2019-11-22 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | A kind of apocarya spindle is tree-like and its shaping methods |
| CN111109000A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-05-08 | 铜陵郎冲竹木专业合作社 | Dwarfing and high-yield cultivation method of apocarya suitable for south of the Yangtze river |
| CN111557205A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-08-21 | 安徽水清木华生态科技股份有限公司 | Cultivation technology for early high yield of apocarya |
| CN113273423A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-08-20 | 云南省林业和草原科学院 | Pruning method for thinning, crown-reducing and plump-promoting late-bearing walnuts |
| BE1029210A1 (en) | 2022-05-18 | 2022-10-11 | Univ Nanjing Forestry | High Yield Thin Shell Pecan Cultivation Method |
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| CN104160906A (en) * | 2014-07-25 | 2014-11-26 | 镇江万山红遍农业园 | Peach tree shaping and trimming method |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110476691A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2019-11-22 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | A kind of apocarya spindle is tree-like and its shaping methods |
| CN111109000A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-05-08 | 铜陵郎冲竹木专业合作社 | Dwarfing and high-yield cultivation method of apocarya suitable for south of the Yangtze river |
| CN111557205A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-08-21 | 安徽水清木华生态科技股份有限公司 | Cultivation technology for early high yield of apocarya |
| CN113273423A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-08-20 | 云南省林业和草原科学院 | Pruning method for thinning, crown-reducing and plump-promoting late-bearing walnuts |
| BE1029210A1 (en) | 2022-05-18 | 2022-10-11 | Univ Nanjing Forestry | High Yield Thin Shell Pecan Cultivation Method |
| BE1029210B1 (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2023-08-21 | Univ Nanjing Forestry | High Yield Thin Shell Pecan Cultivation Method |
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Application publication date: 20190205 |