CN111557205A - Cultivation technology for early high yield of apocarya - Google Patents
Cultivation technology for early high yield of apocarya Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111557205A CN111557205A CN202010502955.2A CN202010502955A CN111557205A CN 111557205 A CN111557205 A CN 111557205A CN 202010502955 A CN202010502955 A CN 202010502955A CN 111557205 A CN111557205 A CN 111557205A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- branches
- months
- pulling
- month
- branch
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
Abstract
The invention discloses a cultivation technology for early high yield of apocarya, which comprises the following steps: 1) planting seedlings: land preparation and fertilization: watering and mulching; and (3) determining dry carved buds: topdressing once every month from late 4 months to late 6 months; and (3) pest control: branch pulling in autumn: applying organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer at the end of 10 months; pruning in winter: 2) and (3) cultivation and management in the next year: fertilizing: pruning in summer: and (3) pest control: branch pulling in autumn: applying organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer in 10-11 middle of the month; pruning in winter; 3) and (3) cultivation management in the third year and later: topdressing: disease and pest control: shaping and trimming: pinching in summer, pulling branches in autumn, and trimming in winter; the cultivation technology for the early high yield of the carya illinoensis can ensure that the carya illinoensis can bear fruits for 5 years under normal management, the yield of each plant is 0.5 kg, the yield of each plant is high for 8-10 years, and the yield of each plant is 5-10 kg. The high yield cultivation technology can realize 1-2 kg of fruits per plant in 3 years, high yield per plant in 5-7 years and 10-15 kg of fruits per plant.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to forest planting, in particular to a cultivation technology for early high yield of apocarya.
Background
Apocarya (Carya illinoensis), also known as american hickory, is a deciduous tree of the genus hickory (Carya) of the family juglandaceae, one of the world's famous dry fruit oil tree species, and also a good tree species for lumber and yard greening. The pecan nuts have beautiful color, delicious taste, no astringent taste and rich nutrition, contain various amino acids beneficial to the human body, have higher content than olive, and are also rich in vitamin B1 and B2, so the pecan nuts are popular with people. The introduction of the apocarya in the end of the 19 th century in China is started, and the introduction and cultivation are carried out in 13 provinces (directly prefectured cities) such as Anhui, Zhejiang, Yunnan and Jiangsu in China at present. In addition, the thin-shell hickory has straight trunks, tall and big tree bodies and beautiful tree postures, is also a better tree species for plain coastal greening, farmland forest nets and 'four-side' planting, and the wood of the thin-shell hickory is widely used for military industry, high-grade furniture and the like.
Although the introduction time of the carya illinoensis is long, the earliest single plant has been over 100 years, in recent years, with the improvement of improved varieties and planting technologies, carya illinoensis is popularized in large scale in various places, large-area planting is carried out in Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Anhui and other places, the planting area in China exceeds 70 ten thousand mu, the development of the industry enters an unprecedented time, but the characteristics of the carya illinoensis tree varieties lead to long cultivation time after planting, late results and high investment cost, no benefit is brought in 6-7 years, more afforestation main bodies are high in pressure, investment confidence is insufficient, and adverse effects are brought to the overall development of the industry.
The Jianghuai area of Anhui is one of the important areas suitable for development of the carya illinoensis, the conditions of climate, soil, water fertilizer and the like can well meet the growth requirements of the carya illinoensis, and the carya illinoensis is also an important tree species for changing the forestry industrial structure in the area and promoting economic development at present. At present, most of the forestation in the area is bare-rooted seedlings or grafted seedlings which grow for two years, the land preparation is not standard, the water and fertilizer management is not in place, the management and the daily tending management of plant diseases and insect pests are not good, and a whole set of simple and convenient sapling high-yield cultivation technology does not exist, so that the thin-shelled walnut trees planted in the early stage grow slowly, the fruit is late, the fruit is few, the benefit is low, and the rapid development of the industry in the area is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the cultivation technology can be widely popularized in Jianghuai areas, quickens the fruit production time of the carya illinoensis, and provides the yield.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a cultivation technology for early high yield of apocarya adopts the following steps:
1) planting seedlings; land preparation and fertilization: selecting previous rice field, deep ploughing for 70-80 cm, planting at row spacing of 8 × 8 m, applying soil and miscellaneous fertilizer 10-20 kg per plant, watering thoroughly, and covering with mulching film;
and (3) determining dry carved buds: in 3 months earlier in the year, the seedlings are subjected to stem fixing according to the height of 1.2 m, buds are carved at the positions of 20-30 cm in a trunk shaping belt and every 120 ℃ every week, and the first layer of three main branches are cultured;
topdressing is carried out once per month from late 4 months to late 6 months, and 50g of urea is planted per plant each time; weeding in daily life;
and (3) pest control: mainly preventing and treating scarab, spraying 90% dipterex 1000 times;
branch pulling in autumn: selecting and reserving 3-4 main branches of the first layer, pulling to 70-80 ℃, stroking the central trunk, and controlling competitive branches;
at the end of 10 months, applying 10-20 kg of organic fertilizer to each tree, adding 0.3 kg of 15-15-15 kg of compound fertilizer to each tree;
pruning in winter: and (4) trimming the tissue in winter within 12-2 months, culturing strong central trunks and main branches, and selecting auxiliary culture branches. Carrying out light, medium and heavy truncation according to the strength of the branches;
2) cultivating and managing the next year;
fertilizing: fertilizing once a month from ten (4) months to ten (6) months, and 50-100 g/plant of urea each time;
pruning in summer: carrying out summer pruning mainly for thinning off upright branches on the back, bare-grown branches, competitive branches and cut dense branches from the middle ten days of the month to the middle ten days of the month of 5 to 6; the fostering branches are subjected to repeated pinching, and the shape and the crown are expanded, so that a foundation is laid for early fruiting and early yield increase;
and (3) pest control: controlling insect pests such as longicorn, scarab and the like in 5-7 months, and controlling by using 8% green Veley diluted 300-400 times of medicines;
branch pulling in autumn: branch pulling in 10-11 months. Pulling the main branches to 70-80 degrees, strengthening the central trunk, controlling the competitive branches and the fostering branches to 90 degrees, pulling the spatial competitive branches and the bare-grown branches to 100 degrees, and filling empty to cultivate the large fruiting branch group;
in 10-11 ten days of the middle of the month, 30 kg of sheep manure and 0.5 kg of 15-15-15 compound fertilizer are applied to each tree;
pruning in winter: and culturing the central trunk, the main branches and the side branches in 12-1 month, and performing light, medium and heavy truncation according to the strength of the branches. Removing competitive branches, overgrown branches and dense branches, and properly cutting the fostering branches with spaces;
3) cultivation management in the third year and later;
topdressing: 0.5-1 kg of urea is planted in each ten days 3-4 months later in the year;
disease and pest control: before sprouting in spring, the tree trunks are prevented and treated, and lime sulphur mixture diluent is sprayed; controlling pests such as longicorn and the like in 5-7 months; the prevention and treatment are carried out by using medicines such as green Weilei and the like;
shaping and trimming: four major trimming key technologies of bud carving in spring, branch pulling in autumn, pinching in summer and trimming in winter.
Bud carving in spring, and bud carving in the vacant positions of the main trunk and the main branch before germination, so that the main branch and the lateral branch can be cultured.
And (4) pinching in summer, namely pinching large auxiliary culture branches, competitive branches and spatial long-leaved branches in the middle of 5 months to 6 months, so that the number of branches can be effectively increased, and the fruit bearing can be advanced.
Pulling branches in autumn, and aligning the main branches in 10-11 months. The auxiliary cultivation branches and the spatial branch pulling of the bare-grown branches can germinate 5-10 times of branches in the second year, and play an important role in early fruiting and early yield increase of young trees;
pruning in winter for 12-1 month, culturing central trunk, main branch and side branch, and cutting according to the strength of branch. Removing competitive branches, overgrown branches and dense branches, and properly cutting the fostering branches with spaces.
Preferably, the compound fertilizer in the step 1) can be replaced by a special fertilizer for the hickory, and the special fertilizer for the hickory is sheep manure of every 15 kg, 250g of zinc sulfate, 250g of 15-15-15 compound fertilizer and 50g of phoxim.
Preferably, in the step 1), light, medium and heavy short-cutting is carried out according to the strength of the branches, specifically, the light short-cutting is one fifth of the length of the cut-off branches, the medium short-cutting is one half of the length of the cut-off branches, and the heavy short-cutting is two thirds of the length of the cut-off branches.
Through the test implementation of the technology, the cultivation technology for the early high yield of the carya illinoensis can ensure that the carya illinoensis can bear fruits for 5 years under normal management, the yield of each plant is 0.5 kg, the yield of each plant is high in 8-10 years, and the yield of each plant is 5-10 kg. The high yield cultivation technology can realize 1-2 kg of fruits per plant in 3 years, high yield per plant in 5-7 years and 10-15 kg of fruits per plant.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples:
planting of seedlings
1. Land preparation and fertilization: in the previous rice field, the excavator digs 70-80 cm deeply. Each plant is fertilized with 20 kg of soil and miscellaneous fertilizers. Selecting proper fine variety and large container seedling,
2. the row spacing of the plants is 8 multiplied by 8 meters, and according to the requirement of a seedling supply unit, a variety configuration diagram is firstly compiled and planted according to the configuration diagram. After planting, watering the root fixing water thoroughly, and covering with mulching film.
3. And (3) determining dry carved buds: and 3 months later, the tissue carries out fixed-drying operation on all container seedlings, and fixed-drying is carried out according to the height of 1.2 meters. Combining the carved buds, distributing 120-degree carved buds at the position of 20-30 cm of the shaping belt, and culturing the first layer of main branches.
4. 50 g/urea in the last ten days of 4 months, the middle ten days of 5 months and the last 6 months;
5. at the end of 10 months, applying organic fertilizer 30 jin of sheep manure, 250g of zinc sulfate, 250g of 15-15-15 compound fertilizer and 50g of phoxim to each tree.
6. Pest control; mainly preventing and treating scarab beetle by spraying 90 percent dipterex 1000 times,
7. Pulling branches in autumn, selecting 3-4 main branches at the first layer, pulling to 70-80 degrees, strengthening the central trunk, controlling competitive branches,
8. Pruning in winter
12 months-Yuanyue, pruning the main trunk and main branch in winter, and performing light, medium and heavy truncation according to the strength of the branch.
Two-year plant management
1. Fertilizing:
50-100 g/plant of urea every time in late 4 th month, middle 5 th month and early 6 th month;
at the end of 10 months, 50 jin of sheep manure per tree and 250g of 15-15-15 compound fertilizer.
2. Pruning in summer
Carrying out summer pruning mainly for thinning out upright branches on the back, bare-grown branches, competitive branches and cut dense branches in late 5 months to early 6 months; and (4) performing re-pinching on the fostering branches, and pruning and expanding the crowns.
3. And (3) pest control:
and (5) in 5-7 months, controlling insect pests such as tissue longicorn and the like by using medicines such as green Weilei and the like.
4. Branch pulling in autumn: and (3) pulling the main branches to 70-80 ℃, strengthening the central trunk, controlling the competitive branches and the fostering branches to 90 ℃, pulling the competitive branches and the bare-grown branches with spaces to 100 ℃, and filling up the empty space to cultivate the large fruiting branch group.
5. Pruning in winter
And culturing the central trunk, the main branches and the side branches in 12-1 month, and performing light, medium and heavy truncation according to the strength of the branches. Thinning competitive branches, overgrown branches and dense branches, properly cutting short foster branches with space,
(III) three years and more plant management
1. Fertilizing
100 g/plant urea in late 3 and 4 months
2. Pruning in summer
Removing center of the fostering branches in summer, and cutting off the upright branches and the bare-grown branches
3. Pest control
Before sprouting in spring, the tree trunks are prevented and treated, and lime sulphur mixture diluent is sprayed. Preventing and treating longicorn in 5-7 months.
Claims (3)
1. A cultivation technology for early high yield of apocarya is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) planting seedlings; land preparation and fertilization: selecting previous rice field, deep ploughing for 70-80 cm, planting at row spacing of 8 × 8 m, applying soil and miscellaneous fertilizer 10-20 kg per plant, watering thoroughly, and covering with mulching film;
and (3) determining dry carved buds: in 3 months earlier in the year, the seedlings are subjected to stem fixing according to the height of 1.2 m, buds are carved at the positions of 20-30 cm in a trunk shaping belt and every 120 ℃ every week, and the first layer of three main branches are cultured;
topdressing is carried out once per month from late 4 months to late 6 months, and 50g of urea is planted per plant each time; weeding in daily life;
and (3) pest control: mainly preventing and treating scarab, spraying 90% dipterex 1000 times;
branch pulling in autumn: selecting and reserving 3-4 main branches of the first layer, pulling to 70-80 ℃, stroking the central trunk, and controlling competitive branches;
at the end of 10 months, applying 10-20 kg of organic fertilizer to each tree, adding 0.3 kg of 15-15-15 kg of compound fertilizer to each tree;
pruning in winter: trimming the tissue in winter within 12-2 months, culturing strong central trunks and main branches, and selecting auxiliary culture branches; carrying out light, medium and heavy truncation according to the strength of the branches;
2) cultivating and managing the next year;
fertilizing: fertilizing once a month from ten (4) months to ten (6) months, and 50-100 g/plant of urea each time;
pruning in summer: carrying out summer pruning mainly for thinning off upright branches on the back, bare-grown branches, competitive branches and cut dense branches from the middle ten days of the month to the middle ten days of the month of 5 to 6; re-pinching the fostering branches, and shaping and expanding the crowns;
and (3) pest control: controlling insect pests such as longicorn, scarab and the like in 5-7 months, and controlling by using 400 times of 8% green Veley diluted 300-;
branch pulling in autumn: branch pulling in 10-11 months; pulling the main branches to 70-80 degrees, strengthening the central trunk, controlling the competitive branches and the fostering branches to 90 degrees, pulling the spatial competitive branches and the bare-grown branches to 100 degrees, and filling empty to cultivate the large fruiting branch group;
in 10-11 ten days of the middle of the month, 30 kg of sheep manure and 0.5 kg of 15-15-15 compound fertilizer are applied to each tree;
pruning in winter: and culturing the central trunk, the main branches and the side branches in 12-1 month, and performing light, medium and heavy truncation according to the strength of the branches. Removing competitive branches, overgrown branches and dense branches, and properly cutting the fostering branches with spaces;
3) cultivation management in the third year and later;
topdressing: 0.5-1 kg of urea is planted in each ten days 3-4 months later in the year;
disease and pest control: before sprouting in spring, the tree trunks are prevented and treated, and lime sulphur mixture diluent is sprayed; controlling pests such as longicorn and the like in 5-7 months; the prevention and treatment are carried out by using medicines such as green Weilei and the like;
shaping and trimming: bud carving in spring, wherein buds are carved on vacant positions on the trunk and the main branches before germination, and the main branches and the lateral branches can be cultured;
pinching in summer, pinching large auxiliary cultivation branches, competitive branches and spacious long-leaved branches in the middle of 5 months to the middle of 6 months;
pulling branches in autumn, and aligning the main branches in 10-11 months. The auxiliary cultivation branches and the spatial branch pulling of the bare-grown branches can sprout 5-10 times of branches in the next year, and play an important role in early fruiting and high yield of young trees.
Pruning in winter for 12-1 month, culturing central trunk, main branch and side branch, and cutting according to the strength of branch. Removing competitive branches, overgrown branches and dense branches, and properly cutting the fostering branches with spaces.
2. The cultivation technique for early high yield of apocarya as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the compound fertilizer in the step 1) can be replaced by a hickory special fertilizer, wherein the hickory special fertilizer is sheep manure of every 15 kg, 250g of zinc sulfate, 250g of 15-15-15 compound fertilizer and 50g of phoxim.
3. The cultivation technique for early high yield of apocarya as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step 1), light, medium and heavy short-cutting is carried out properly according to the strength of the branches, specifically, the light short-cutting is one fifth of the length of the cut branches, the medium short-cutting is one half of the length of the cut branches, and the heavy short-cutting is two thirds of the length of the cut branches.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010502955.2A CN111557205A (en) | 2020-06-05 | 2020-06-05 | Cultivation technology for early high yield of apocarya |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010502955.2A CN111557205A (en) | 2020-06-05 | 2020-06-05 | Cultivation technology for early high yield of apocarya |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111557205A true CN111557205A (en) | 2020-08-21 |
Family
ID=72068638
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010502955.2A Pending CN111557205A (en) | 2020-06-05 | 2020-06-05 | Cultivation technology for early high yield of apocarya |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111557205A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111990035A (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2020-11-27 | 江苏水木农景股份有限公司 | Fertilizing method for improving output of apocarya |
| CN114128554A (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2022-03-04 | 全椒县绿兴园生态农业发展有限公司 | Rapid high-yield technology of apocarya |
| BE1029210B1 (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2023-08-21 | Univ Nanjing Forestry | High Yield Thin Shell Pecan Cultivation Method |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104584974A (en) * | 2015-02-05 | 2015-05-06 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Apocarya hedgerow-shaped tree form and shaping method thereof |
| CN107173144A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-09-19 | 安徽省霍山县农伯乐开发有限公司 | A kind of Walnut cultural method |
| CN107371967A (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2017-11-24 | 阜阳市新丰种业有限公司 | A kind of trimming measure of apocarya |
| CN109302937A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-02-05 | 阜阳大丰收农业种植专业合作社 | A kind of garden apocarya high yield implantation methods |
| CN110476691A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2019-11-22 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | A kind of apocarya spindle is tree-like and its shaping methods |
-
2020
- 2020-06-05 CN CN202010502955.2A patent/CN111557205A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104584974A (en) * | 2015-02-05 | 2015-05-06 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Apocarya hedgerow-shaped tree form and shaping method thereof |
| CN107173144A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-09-19 | 安徽省霍山县农伯乐开发有限公司 | A kind of Walnut cultural method |
| CN107371967A (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2017-11-24 | 阜阳市新丰种业有限公司 | A kind of trimming measure of apocarya |
| CN109302937A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-02-05 | 阜阳大丰收农业种植专业合作社 | A kind of garden apocarya high yield implantation methods |
| CN110476691A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2019-11-22 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | A kind of apocarya spindle is tree-like and its shaping methods |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 杨延忠 等: "薄壳山核桃主干疏层形控形修剪技术要点", 《安徽农学通报》 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111990035A (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2020-11-27 | 江苏水木农景股份有限公司 | Fertilizing method for improving output of apocarya |
| CN114128554A (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2022-03-04 | 全椒县绿兴园生态农业发展有限公司 | Rapid high-yield technology of apocarya |
| BE1029210B1 (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2023-08-21 | Univ Nanjing Forestry | High Yield Thin Shell Pecan Cultivation Method |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN107079760B (en) | Planting method for interplanting macadamia nut and pineapple | |
| CN103109714A (en) | Honey cumquats and cultivation method thereof | |
| CN106068967A (en) | The cultural method of Fructus actinidiae chinensis high yield | |
| CN111557205A (en) | Cultivation technology for early high yield of apocarya | |
| CN103493709A (en) | High-yield planting method for Cuiguan pear | |
| CN105379599B (en) | Tall anvil long shoot type apple high yield method | |
| CN102369863A (en) | Method for cultivating yellow five-star loquat trees | |
| CN102440166A (en) | Method for cultivating Hongfeng apricot trees | |
| CN104106352A (en) | Cultivation method of ligustrun lucidum | |
| CN108739182B (en) | Standardized planting method for bletilla striata and blueberry intercropping | |
| CN106717962A (en) | A kind of onion cultural method | |
| CN105660307A (en) | Cultivation method of golden finger grapes | |
| CN106577112A (en) | High-yield planting method for longan | |
| CN106258759A (en) | A kind of cultural method of red pear | |
| CN109757274A (en) | Luohanguo With Plantlets of Tissue Culture high-yield and high-efficiency method for transplanting | |
| CN107232012B (en) | Method for cultivating walnut and fruit material dual-purpose forest | |
| CN105850645B (en) | A kind of cultural method improving walnut yield | |
| CN107466663A (en) | A kind of method of Ili River Valley crabapple tree interplanting marigold | |
| CN106613623A (en) | Cultivation method of winter jujubes convenient to pick | |
| CN109121932B (en) | Planting method for alternately interplanting stropharia rugoso-annulata and bletilla striata under tea trees | |
| CN112400590B (en) | Water and fertilizer integrated application technology for sweet cherry orchard | |
| CN108353717A (en) | A kind of big fringe shape Chinese prickly ash breeding method | |
| CN103704093A (en) | Method for cultivating Xinxiang pears | |
| CN109168865B (en) | Dwarfing and close planting method for zanthoxylum bungeanum | |
| CN106416901A (en) | Planting management method for increasing fruit setting rate of Manchu cherries |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20200821 |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |