CN109757274A - High-yield and high-efficiency transplanting method of Luo Han Guo tissue culture seedlings - Google Patents
High-yield and high-efficiency transplanting method of Luo Han Guo tissue culture seedlings Download PDFInfo
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- CN109757274A CN109757274A CN201910092563.0A CN201910092563A CN109757274A CN 109757274 A CN109757274 A CN 109757274A CN 201910092563 A CN201910092563 A CN 201910092563A CN 109757274 A CN109757274 A CN 109757274A
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- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Luohanguo With Plantlets of Tissue Culture high-yield and high-efficiency method for transplanting, comprising the following steps: (1) selects tissue-cultured seedling as cultivation nursery stock；(2) cultivation of pot seedling: Nutrition Soil is first filled in nutritive cube, nursery stock is placed in small nutritive cube and is cultivated, Luohanguo With Plantlets of Tissue Culture seedling is transplanted by small nutritive cube in mid-March and continues to cultivate into big nutritive cube；The temperature that pot seedling is cultivated is 16-30 DEG C；(3) transplant: early April to mid-May cultivates the tissue culture transplantation of seedlings in big nutritive cube to big Tanaka；(4) management after transplanting: it includes carrying out overlay film or scaffolding, water and fertilizer management, main stem culture, pruning, pollination, pest management and harvesting to crop field.Luohanguo With Plantlets of Tissue Culture high-yield and high-efficiency method for transplanting of the present invention, the Siraitia grosvenorii of plantation is averaged, and strain production Siraitia grosvenorii number is more, and seedling death rate is low and Cracking fruit is also low, and fruit is through also big.With the advantages that high survival rate, yield is high, and the upper canopy time is early, and fruit is big.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Siraitia grosvenorii cultivation field, in particular to a kind of Luohanguo With Plantlets of Tissue Culture high-yield and high-efficiency method for transplanting.
Background technique
Siraitia grosvenorii, the fruit of the perennial liana of Curcurbitaceae.Its leaf is heart-shaped, dioecism, summer-flowering, autumn knot
Fruit.Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Guilin City, Longjiang township, Yongfu county, dragon victory and hundred towns Shou Deng are mainly originated in, the Yongfu county county He Longsheng is sieve
The township Han Guozhi plantation history is longer, and wherein plantation Siraitia grosvenorii in Yongfu has had more than 300 years history, and Siraitia grosvenorii is planted in the county Long Sheng
There is more than 200 years history, Chinese 90 percent Siraitia grosvenorii originates in the Yongfu county county He Longsheng, and Siraitia grosvenorii is the rare soil in Guilin
Specialty, and one of the dual-purpose of drug and food material that country ratifies in the first batch, primary efficacy is can be relieving cough and reducing sputum.Fruits nutrition is worth very
Height, containing vitamin C abundant (containing 400 milligrams~500 milligrams in every 100 grams of fresh fruits) and glucoside, fructose, glucose, albumen
Matter, lipid etc..
The asexual reproduction method that Siraitia grosvenorii mainly uses root tuber and keeps down the vines of a creeping plant, due to using vegetative propagation, yield and product for a long time
Matter decline, especially pathogen is propagated with brood body, Siraitia grosvenorii growing area virosis occurs serious.Wherein mosaic disease occurs most
Weight.In addition, cultivar degenerates, single variety makes arhat fruit part kind face the danger of extinction.In recent years, using tissue
Cultural method detoxification obtains disease-free Siraitia grosvenorii seedling and makes important progress.Luohanguo With Plantlets of Tissue Culture is applied to production, to local farmers
The problem of increasing income and play very big effect, changing Siraitia grosvenorii low output, but in disease control, kind shoot survival percent, production fruit rate etc.
It is still necessary to further research and solve for technical aspect.
The information disclosed in the background technology section is intended only to increase the understanding to general background of the invention, without answering
When being considered as recognizing or imply that the information constitutes the prior art already known to those of ordinary skill in the art in any form.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of Luohanguo With Plantlets of Tissue Culture high-yield and high-efficiency method for transplanting, to overcome tissue culture seed
The shortcomings that shoot survival percent is low, setting ratio is low etc..
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of Luohanguo With Plantlets of Tissue Culture high-yield and high-efficiency method for transplanting, including it is following
Step:
(1) select tissue-cultured seedling as cultivation nursery stock；
(2) cultivation of pot seedling: Nutrition Soil is first filled in nutritive cube, nursery stock is placed in small nutritive cube and is cultivated, 3
The middle of the month is transplanted Luohanguo With Plantlets of Tissue Culture seedling by small nutritive cube to be continued to cultivate into big nutritive cube；The temperature that pot seedling is cultivated
It is 16-30 DEG C；
(3) transplant: early April to mid-May cultivates the tissue culture transplantation of seedlings in big nutritive cube to big Tanaka；
(4) management after transplanting: it include overlay film or scaffolding are carried out to crop field, water and fertilizer management, main stem culture, shaping are repaired
It cuts, pollinate, pest management and harvesting.
Preferably, in above-mentioned technical proposal, the raw material of Nutrition Soil includes subacidity yellow soil or yellow-red soil in step (2)
Soil, organic fertilizer and sawdust.
Preferably, in above-mentioned technical proposal, water and fertilizer management includes supply water management and fertilizing management, water supplying pipe in step (4)
Reason is that control soil moisture is 70-80%；Fertilizing management includes:
(1) thin to apply liquid fertilizer after planting 4-6 days, 7-10 days primary；The liquid fertilizer is liquid organic fertilizer, and liquid fertilizer gross mass is added
The urea of 0.1-0.2% mixes；
(2) as the high 0.8-1.2m of tendril, apply flower forcing fertilizer, the ditch spread near every plant of plant；
(3) apply the fertilizer for promoting flower_bud formation on after canopy；
(4) after the 8-9 month blooming and pollinate, apply 1-2 fruit-promoting fertilizer.
Preferably, in above-mentioned technical proposal, liquid organic fertilizer is mainly by people and animals' urine and biogas slurry group in fertilizing management step (1)
At；Flower forcing fertilizer includes decomposed paulownia bran, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and borax in fertilizing management step (2)；Upper canopy in fertilizing management step (3)
Apply phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer afterwards, or being mended again to apply mass concentration is that 0.2-1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution sprays liquid level 2-3 times；Fertilising
Fruit-promoting fertilizer includes one or more of organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer, urea or/and phosphate fertilizer or/and potash fertilizer in management process (4).
Preferably, in above-mentioned technical proposal, the main stem culture in step (4) includes: that main stem is long to 15-20cm or more, will
Main stem, which is drawn, binds frame, removes lateral bud；
Preferably, in above-mentioned technical proposal, pruning includes: after canopy in main stem, and mountain planting guides main stem into
Upward slope direction, flat and paddy planting to guide south into, open side type sector is distributed on canopy, and culture second level, three-level lateral bine are knot
Fruit is climing.
Preferably, in above-mentioned technical proposal, pollination includes: that pollination was completed before mid-July in step (4), per acre point flower
Pollination 6000-8000 after the autumn is non-irrigated, then puts flower pollination 4000-6000.
Preferably, in above-mentioned technical proposal, pest management includes prevention and treatment root knot nematode disease, mosaic disease, bud in step (4)
Blight；Prevent and treat red spider and melonfly.
Preferably, in above-mentioned technical proposal, prevent and treat the method for root knot nematode disease the following steps are included:
(1) tissue-cultured seedling and traditional seedling are separately planted；
(2) Siraitia grosvenorii is planted newly-ploughedly, is digged 2-3 times before kind, and worm's ovum is killed in exposure；
(3) potato is shone, in the Siraitia grosvenorii season of growth, annual solarization potato 2-3 times；It first pushs potato seed soil aside 1/2, allows solar exposure
Potato seed to kill the worm's ovum for being attached to potato seed surface, or excavates surface soil around potato seed, potato seed and part root system is allowed to be detached from soil；
(4) farmyard manure and soil in plantation hole are admixed with fungicide per acre before plantation, leaching is watered to susceptible plant
Worm's ovum is killed in root；
(5) soil is mixed with fungicide, and infects 2 ditch spreads in peak period point in the plantation of annual spring and summer root-knot nematode；
(6) applying organic manure and phosphorus potash fertilizer enhance plant premunition；
(7) diseased plant is removed, the old soil of 40-60cm square around diseased plant is carried out disinfection or scooped away.
Preferably, in above-mentioned technical proposal, the method for preventing and treating mosaic disease includes:
(1) stem apex tissue cultural seedlings of free is planted；
(2) increasing application phosphorus potassium fertilizer improves plant disease resistance；
(3) it avoids orchard miscegenation, in orchard or should not nearby plant Curcurbitaceae and solanaceous vegetables；
(4) anti-infection insect aphid is sprayed with 10% imidacloprid wettable powder, 2 000-3,000 times of liquid；
(5) liked per acre with morphine hydrochloride guanidine wettable powder 33-50g+10% jinggangmycin suspending agent 12-15g+1.8%
More receipts 0.3-0.5g mixing spray；Seedling Stage, growth period, upper canopy phase respectively spray 1 time, or per acre with 8% Ningnanmycin aqua 70-
100g is spraying, and 7d sprays 1 time, 3-4 times continuous, and excessive rain clears up or long sunny turns that timely medication is wanted to protect when rain；Add insecticide when medication
Or auximone；
Preferably, in above-mentioned technical proposal, 50-100kg stone is applied when the control method of the bud blight includes: site preparation per acre
Ash and 2-5kg borax apply to the plant to have fallen ill or spray boron expense.
Preferably, in above-mentioned technical proposal, the method for preventing and treating red spider includes: that the agriculture of Avermectins is used during generation
Medicine is prevented and treated；
Preferably, in above-mentioned technical proposal, the method for preventing and treating melonfly includes: by 35-50 portions of bananas, 0.1-1 parts of concentration
It is tuned into paste for 90% metrifonate and 0.5-2 parts of essence mixing and water addings, is made poison bait, poison bait is coated on melon canopy hedge bamboo by when use
Or be packed into container and be hung under canopy, 10-30 point is laid per acre, and every 20-30g can trap and kill adult；
Preferably, in above-mentioned technical proposal, the method for preventing and treating melonfly includes: to be prevented and treated using reagent spray, is used
2.5% 1500-2500 times of decis liquid spray plant.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: Luohanguo With Plantlets of Tissue Culture high-yield and high-efficiency of the present invention transplantings
Method, the Siraitia grosvenorii of plantation is averaged, and strain production Siraitia grosvenorii number is more, and seedling death rate is low and Cracking fruit is also low, and fruit is through also big.
With the advantages that high survival rate, yield is high, and the upper canopy time is early, and fruit is big.
Specific embodiment
Combined with specific embodiments below, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail, it is to be understood that this hair
Bright protection scope is not limited by the specific implementation.
A kind of Luohanguo With Plantlets of Tissue Culture high-yield and high-efficiency method for transplanting, comprising the following steps:
1, kind selects: the Siraitia grosvenorii kind that the present invention selects is " primary woods No. two "；
2, the cultivation of pot seedling
(1) demand of soil: selection fertile soil, humus is abundant, and drainage ventilation is good, and retain water and nutrients power is strong, loose
Wet subacidity yellow soil or yellow-red soil soil is mixed using appropriate organic fertilizer and sawdust as the Nutrition Soil of pot seedling.Wherein, subacidity
The volume ratio of yellow soil or yellow-red soil soil, organic fertilizer and sawdust mixing is 3:3:2.
(2) suitable growth temperature: Siraitia grosvenorii happiness is warm, is afraid of frost and snow, non-refractory.Seedling when early spring temperature is lower than 12 DEG C
Vulnerable to freeze injury, temperature starts to grow at 15 DEG C or more, well-grown at 22-30 DEG C, continuous high temperature (more than 33 DEG C) growth hair
Educating suppressed, suitable year-round average temperature is 16-22 DEG C.
(3) suitable watering: the hygrophilous profit of Siraitia grosvenorii is foggy, and growth period, suitable abundant rainfall was uniform, but avoided ponding；
(4) suitable fertilising: it is appropriate to apply fertilizer when growth period, be conducive to pot seedling and quickly grow；
(5) small pot seedling turns big pot seedling in rearing technology: early spring does sth. in advance the Siraitia grosvenorii planted and accelerates effectively arranging for the speed of growth
Applying is to improve the temperature of its growing environment while top dressing, thus we mid-March carry out Luohanguo With Plantlets of Tissue Culture seedling by
Small nutritive cube turns big alms bowl and continues to cultivate in warm canopy to mid-April.
3, transplanting time
The transplanting time selected is early April to mid-May, when this time is that tissue culture transplantation of seedlings crop field is optimum
Phase adapts to external environment, normal growth, disease after tissue-cultured seedling transplanting because temperature has built up and stablizes after mid-May
It infects less, facilitates management, full-bloom stage appears in high temperature and drought early period, and small, yield height, commodity fruit are influenced on fruit development
It is more, it is avoided as far as possible in the weather plantation that sunlight is too strong, temperature is too high.
4, the management after transplanting: tissue-cultured seedling is big in transplanting early April to mid-May after turning big alms bowl to warm canopy culture
Field is covered after transplanting crop field with small arch membrane.
(1) put up a shed: frame is put up before planting, depending on canopy height is with the height of administrative staff, can be taken with concrete column and iron wire
Canopy, the small bamboo branch in upper berth or twig.
(2) supply water: the training seedling time of infertility requires humidity 80% or so.High temperature and drought is the formidable enemy of Siraitia grosvenorii plantation,
It is the main reason for level land plantation is difficult.It only supplies water in due course, just can ensure that and plant successfully.
(3) lateral bud is plucked, protect canopy in main stem: main stem is long to 15~20cm or more, inserts a bamboo branch, is drawn paragraph by paragraph with rope and tie up main stem
Upper frame.Tissue-cultured seedling sprouting lateral bud is more, should be erased in time, and concentrates nutrient for main stem growth and canopy in morning with benefit；
(4) pruning: pruning is one of the key technology of Luohanguo With Plantlets of Tissue Culture plantation success or failure.When canopy in main stem
Afterwards, main stem should be guided into upward slope direction by mountain planting, and level land and paddy field should be distributed in canopy towards south, single plant formula sector.Arhat
Fruit tissue-cultured seedling is based on two, three-level lateral bine result, therefore promoting it to form second level lateral bine as early as possible is the key that high yield；
(5) pollinate: Siraitia grosvenorii is dioecian plant, needs artificial pollination (point flower) could be as a result, pollinating preferably in the morning
It carries out.Guilin Area autumn drought occurs frequently, and the flower pollination of arhat fruit dot is preferably completed before mid-July, and every 667m2 point spends 10,000 left sides
It is right；After autumn drought, then a collection of flower is put, quantity is controlled at 6000 or so.
(6) apply fertilizer: seed manure tissue-cultured seedling early growth is slow, and late growth is fast.After planting 5d, it thin can apply liquid fertilizer and promote plant
Growth, general 7-10d are applied 1 time.To macerate based on ripe night soil and biogas slurry, the urea of 0.1-0.2% can be added.Flower forcing, strong fertilizers for potted flowers
It as the high about 1m of tendril, applies the decomposed paulownia bran of 0.5kg for every plant and adds 100-150g potassium dihydrogen phosphate and appropriate borax (ditch spread), promote to plant
Strain prematurity.150g phosphate fertilizer, 150g potash fertilizer (potassium sulfate) are applied after upper canopy again, 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution also can be used to spray when necessary
Blade face is applied 2-3 times, to promote the formation of bud.(the 8-9 month) is the rapid expanding stage of fruit after fruit-promoting fertilizer largely blooms and pollinates, and is needed
Nutrient is more, and therefore, this period should apply 1-2 fruit-promoting fertilizer, based on night soil, compound fertilizer, urea, suitably increases phosphorus, potassium
Fertilizer.Spraying a small amount of boron fertilizer promotes Fruit simultaneously.
(7) fruit picking: Lo Han Guo fruit is mature sooner or later, because kind is different with florescence weather conditions, 70-90d after general pollination
It is mature.Green hard in pericarp, carpopodium harvests when turning yellow sufficiently mature.
Main diseases and insect pests prevention and treatment
1, (root as caused by root-knot nematode and stem tuber disease are main diseases in local Siraitia grosvenorii production to root knot nematode disease
Evil), control method:
(1) disease-free nursery is established, tissue-cultured seedling and traditional seedling are not mixed plantation.
(2) Siraitia grosvenorii is planted newly-ploughedly, preferably digs before kind 2-3 times and solar exposure is allowed to kill worm's ovum.
(3) potato is shone, in the Siraitia grosvenorii season of growth, annual to shine potato 2-3 times, method is to push potato seed soil aside 1/2, allows daylight
Exposure potato seed is attached to the worm's ovum on potato seed surface to kill, enhances disease resistance, or excavate surface soil around potato seed, allows potato seed and portion
Divide root system to be detached from soil, reduces root-knot nematode harm.
(4) before plantation per acre with the more 0.5kg of happy lot, the net 4-5kg of line, nematode must gram 1kg etc. admix farmyard manure in plantation hole
And soil, leaching root is watered to susceptible plant, kills worm's ovum.
(5) soil is mixed with 3-4kg meter Le Er per acre infect 2 ditches in peak period point in the plantation of annual spring and summer root-knot nematode
It applies.
(6) applying organic manure and phosphorus potash fertilizer enhance plant premunition.
(7) diseased plant is removed in time, and concentration is burnt.The old soil of 50cm square around diseased plant is carried out disinfection or scooped away.
2, mosaic disease: control method
(1) stem apex tissue cultural seedlings of free is planted.
(2) increasing application phosphorus potassium fertilizer improves plant disease resistance.
(3) anthropochory's disease is prevented.
(4) orchard miscegenation is avoided.Curcurbitaceae and solanaceous vegetables should not be especially planted in orchard or nearby.
(5) anti-infection insect aphid is sprayed with 10% imidacloprid wettable powder, 2 000-3000 times of liquid in time.
(6) liked per acre with morphine hydrochloride guanidine wettable powder 33-50g+10% jinggangmycin suspending agent 12-15g+1.8%
More receipts 0.3-0.5g mixing spray.Seedling Stage, growth period, upper canopy phase respectively spray 1 time, can reduce the harm of mosaic disease, can also mu
Spraying with 8% Ningnanmycin aqua 70-100g, 7d sprays 1 time, and 3-4 times continuous, excessive rain clears up or long sunny turns to want timely medication when rain
Protection.When medication, add some points insecticide or auximone.
3, the control method of bud blight
Boron deficiency is the main reason for causing bud blight to occur.Mu, which applies 50-100kg lime and 3kg borax, when site preparation prevention
Effect.The plant to have fallen ill can spray boron fertilizer, such as turn of speed boron.
4, Siraitia grosvenorii red spider is prevented and treated
Caused harm leaf, tender calyx and the fruit of Siraitia grosvenorii with larva and adult.Blade is set to turn yellow, is brittle, in shape of crispaturaing, plant is raw
Length is bad, or even fallen leaves shedding, has larger impact to Siraitia grosvenorii yield and quality.Cause harm and focuses mostly in the 7-9 month.During generation
It is prevented and treated with the biological pesticide of Avermectins.
5, melonfly is prevented and treated
Melonfly is made fruit rot, turns to be yellow, is fallen off with larva brill moth feeding fruit, seriously affects the yield and matter of Siraitia grosvenorii
Amount.Period poison bait adult can be used: be tuned into paste with 1 part of 0.5 part+essence of 40 part of+90% metrifonate of banana plus water, poison bait is made,
It is coated directly on melon canopy hedge bamboo or is packed into container to be hung under canopy, lay 20 points per acre, every 25g can trap and kill adult.Medicament is anti-
It is spraying to control 3000 times of liquid of available 2.5% decis.
One, influence of the different time plantation to Luohanguo With Plantlets of Tissue Culture growth and yield
Cultural method is all the same, the difference is that, implantation time is different.It observed the upper canopy time of plant, bloom and fruit
Real maturation time, single plant yield, seedling death rate and Cracking fruit, test result are as shown in table 1.
Influence of the different implantation times of table 1 to plant strain growth and yield
Note: the significant difference under 0.05 level is indicated with lowercases different after column data, similarly hereinafter.
As shown in table 1, mid-March plants plant shoots death rate highest, and up to 11.63%, and plantation mid-May seedling is dead
Seedling rate is minimum, and only 2.12%, significant difference between the two.The descending arrangement of Cracking fruit are as follows: mid-May early June > > 4 below the moon
Mid-March > ten days, > early April, with the delay of implantation time, Siraitia grosvenorii Cracking fruit is successively increased；Wherein early June is especially
Seriously, Cracking fruit is up to 26.36%, and there are significant differences between other four processing；The Cracking fruit of early June is than other four
4.82-14.10 times of mean height of processing.Mid-May, late April, early April and mid-March plantation Siraitia grosvenorii be averaged strain produce
It is not much different, difference is not significant between the results of analysis of variance shows four.In 5 processing, late April plants average strain and produces highest,
And minimum, the significant difference between the two of early June plantation.
As a result, in conjunction with each processing the upper canopy time, bloom and the fruit maturation time explanation ahead of time plantation plant can be made to do sth. in advance
Upper canopy, bloom and as a result, with implantation time extension, temperature starts to increase, from planting supreme canopy, bloom, the time of result
It is gradually shortened, while seedling death rate starts to reduce, Cracking fruit gradually increases.
Two, influence of the different transplanting methods to Luohanguo With Plantlets of Tissue Culture growth and yield
Cultural method is all the same, the difference is that, using 4 kinds of different transplanting methods.
T1: seedling is gone into big alms bowl by small nutritive cube in mid-March and continues to cultivate (25-30 DEG C of temperature control) in greenhouse
Field planting is transplanted when temperature is relatively high to mid-April again, the bran fertilizer or 1% potassium sulfate of during which every 3 days leaching Shi Yici rettings
Compound fertilizer's liquid fertilizer.
After the T2:3 middle of the month small seedling direct transplantation Field planting, covered with small arch membrane, it during which should be in due course according to Changes in weather
It opens, epiphragma.
After the T3:3 middle of the month small seedling direct transplantation Field planting, with black plastic mulching compartment face.
T4: it directly is colonized crop field in mid-April without the seedling of cultivation, when observing growth increment, upper canopy time, aobvious flower bud
Between, flowering time and yield.As a result see Table 2 for details.
Influence of the different way to manages of table 2 to plant strain growth and yield
Note: the significant difference under 0.05 level is indicated with lowercases different after column data.
As shown in table 2, it is earliest to handle canopy on Momordica grosvenori plant, aobvious flower bud, first flower and full-bloom stage by T1.T2, T3, T4 tri- is everywhere
The upper canopy time of reason is almost the same, but the aobvious flower bud time, first spends and full blossoming time handles the slow one month time than T2, T3；
And each growth period of T2, T3 processing is consistent.It is also known from table 2, each Siraitia grosvenorii that handles be averaged the descending arrangement of strain production are as follows: T1 >
T2 > T3 > T4, and the descending arrangement of fruit diameter are as follows: T1 > T3 > T2 > T4；The Siraitia grosvenorii strain that is averaged is produced, is daily grown before upper canopy
Amount is both present in T1 processing with fruit diameter maximum value, and minimum value is both present in T4 processing, and difference is significant between the two.
The aforementioned description to specific exemplary embodiment of the invention is in order to illustrate and illustration purpose.These descriptions
It is not wishing to limit the invention to disclosed precise forms, and it will be apparent that according to the above instruction, can much be changed
And variation.The purpose of selecting and describing the exemplary embodiment is that explaining specific principle of the invention and its actually answering
With so that those skilled in the art can be realized and utilize a variety of different exemplary implementation schemes of the invention and
Various chooses and changes.The scope of the present invention is intended to be limited by claims and its equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of Luohanguo With Plantlets of Tissue Culture high-yield and high-efficiency method for transplanting, which comprises the following steps:
(1) select tissue-cultured seedling as cultivation nursery stock；
(2) cultivation of pot seedling: Nutrition Soil is first filled in nutritive cube, nursery stock is placed in small nutritive cube and is cultivated, in 3 months
Ten days Luohanguo With Plantlets of Tissue Culture seedling is transplanted by small nutritive cube and continues to cultivate into big nutritive cube；Pot seedling cultivate temperature be
16-30℃；
(3) transplant: early April to mid-May cultivates the tissue culture transplantation of seedlings in big nutritive cube to big Tanaka；
(4) management after transplanting: it includes carrying out overlay film or scaffolding to crop field, water and fertilizer management, main stem culture, pruning, awarding
Powder, pest management and harvesting.
2. Luohanguo With Plantlets of Tissue Culture high-yield and high-efficiency method for transplanting according to claim 1, which is characterized in that battalion in step (2)
The raw material for supporting soil includes subacidity yellow soil or yellow-red soil soil, organic fertilizer and sawdust.
3. Luohanguo With Plantlets of Tissue Culture high-yield and high-efficiency method for transplanting according to claim 1, which is characterized in that water in step (4)
Fertilizer management includes supply water management and fertilizing management, and management of supplying water is that control soil moisture is 70-80%；Fertilizing management includes:
(1) thin to apply liquid fertilizer after planting 4-6 days, 7-10 days primary；The liquid fertilizer is liquid organic fertilizer, and liquid fertilizer gross mass 0.1- is added
0.2% urea mixing；
(2) as the high 0.8-1.2m of tendril, apply flower forcing fertilizer, the ditch spread near every plant of plant；
(3) apply the fertilizer for promoting flower_bud formation on after canopy；
(4) after the 8-9 month blooming and pollinate, apply 1-2 fruit-promoting fertilizer.
4. Luohanguo With Plantlets of Tissue Culture high-yield and high-efficiency method for transplanting according to claim 3, which is characterized in that fertilizing management step
(1) liquid organic fertilizer is mainly made of people and animals' urine and biogas slurry in；Flower forcing fertilizer includes decomposed paulownia bran, phosphorus in fertilizing management step (2)
Acid dihydride potassium and borax；Apply phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer after upper canopy in fertilizing management step (3), or is mended again to apply mass concentration and be
0.2-1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution sprays liquid level 2-3 times；Fruit-promoting fertilizer includes organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer, urine in fertilizing management step (4)
One or more of element or/and phosphate fertilizer or/and potash fertilizer.
5. Luohanguo With Plantlets of Tissue Culture high-yield and high-efficiency method for transplanting according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (4)
Main stem culture includes: that main stem is long to 15-20cm or more, and main stem is drawn and binds frame, removes lateral bud；
Pruning includes: after canopy in main stem, and main stem is guided into upward slope direction by mountain planting, flat and paddy planting to draw
To south, open side type sector is distributed on canopy, and culture second level, three-level lateral bine are fruiting vine.
6. Luohanguo With Plantlets of Tissue Culture high-yield and high-efficiency method for transplanting according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step is awarded in (4)
Powder includes: the completion pollination before mid-July, per acre the pollination of point flower, 6000-8000, after the autumn is non-irrigated, then puts colored pollination
4000-6000.
7. Luohanguo With Plantlets of Tissue Culture high-yield and high-efficiency method for transplanting according to claim 1, which is characterized in that sick in step (4)
Pest management includes prevention and treatment root knot nematode disease, mosaic disease, bud blight；Prevent and treat red spider and melonfly.
8. Luohanguo With Plantlets of Tissue Culture high-yield and high-efficiency method for transplanting according to claim 7, which is characterized in that prevention and treatment root-knot nematode
Disease method the following steps are included:
(1) tissue-cultured seedling and traditional seedling are separately planted；
(2) Siraitia grosvenorii is planted newly-ploughedly, is digged 2-3 times before kind, and worm's ovum is killed in exposure；
(3) potato is shone, in the Siraitia grosvenorii season of growth, annual solarization potato 2-3 times；It first pushs potato seed soil aside 1/2, allows and be exposed to sunlight kind
Potato to kill the worm's ovum for being attached to potato seed surface, or excavates surface soil around potato seed, potato seed and part root system is allowed to be detached from soil；
(4) farmyard manure and soil in plantation hole are admixed with fungicide per acre before plantation, leaching root are watered to susceptible plant,
Kill worm's ovum；
(5) soil is mixed with fungicide, and infects 2 ditch spreads in peak period point in the plantation of annual spring and summer root-knot nematode；
(6) applying organic manure and phosphorus potash fertilizer enhance plant premunition；
(7) diseased plant is removed, the old soil of 40-60cm square around diseased plant is carried out disinfection or scooped away.
9. Luohanguo With Plantlets of Tissue Culture high-yield and high-efficiency method for transplanting according to claim 7, which is characterized in that prevent and treat mosaic disease
Method includes:
(1) stem apex tissue cultural seedlings of free is planted；
(2) increasing application phosphorus potassium fertilizer improves plant disease resistance；
(3) it avoids orchard miscegenation, in orchard or should not nearby plant Curcurbitaceae and solanaceous vegetables；
(4) anti-infection insect aphid is sprayed with 10% imidacloprid wettable powder, 2 000-3,000 times of liquid；
(5) it is received per acre with morphine hydrochloride guanidine wettable powder 33-50g+10% jinggangmycin suspending agent 12-15g+1.8% Idall
0.3-0.5g mixing sprays；Seedling Stage, growth period, upper canopy phase respectively spray 1 time, or per acre with 8% Ningnanmycin aqua 70-100g
Spraying, 7d sprays 1 time, 3-4 times continuous, and excessive rain clears up or long sunny turns that timely medication is wanted to protect when rain；Add insecticide or plant when medication
Object auxin；
50-100kg lime and 2-5kg borax are applied when the control method of the bud blight includes: site preparation per acre, the plant to having fallen ill
Strain applies or sprays boron expense.
10. Luohanguo With Plantlets of Tissue Culture high-yield and high-efficiency method for transplanting according to claim 7, which is characterized in that prevention and treatment red spider
Method include: to be prevented and treated during generation with the pesticide of Avermectins；
It is that 90% metrifonate and 0.5-2 parts of essence mix that the method for prevention and treatment melonfly, which includes: by 35-50 portions of bananas, 0.1-1 parts of concentration,
It closes plus water is tuned into paste, be made poison bait, poison bait is coated on melon canopy hedge bamboo or is packed into container and is hung under canopy by when use, is laid per acre
10-30 point, every 20-30g can trap and kill adult；
Or prevented and treated using reagent spray, with 1500-2500 times of liquid spray plant of 2.5% decis.
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| CN110574622A (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2019-12-17 | 广西壮族自治区科学技术情报研究所 | Method for large-scale planting of high-yield momordica grosvenori |
| CN112314359A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-02-05 | 湖南华诚生物资源股份有限公司 | Planting method of momordica grosvenori |
| CN113228909A (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2021-08-10 | 广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所 | Fertilizing method for momordica grosvenori facility cultivation |
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| CN107432175A (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2017-12-05 | 新邵县向上中药材种植专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods of Momordica grosvenori |
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| CN110574622A (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2019-12-17 | 广西壮族自治区科学技术情报研究所 | Method for large-scale planting of high-yield momordica grosvenori |
| CN112314359A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-02-05 | 湖南华诚生物资源股份有限公司 | Planting method of momordica grosvenori |
| CN113228909A (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2021-08-10 | 广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所 | Fertilizing method for momordica grosvenori facility cultivation |
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