CN102771317A - Grafting cultivation method for sorbus tianchanica - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a grafting cultivation method for sorbus tianchanica. The grafting cultivation method comprises the following steps of collecting scion mother branches on March 10th to March 15th in the same year, namely selecting strong one-year branches with a cross section of 0.8-1.2cm from crowns of sorbus tianchanica mother trees; after collecting, placing the mother braches in an environment that the temperature is 0-5DEG C and the humidity is 80-90% and storing for later use; grafting the branches on April 20th to April 30th in the same year; before grafting, carrying out anvil cutting on begonia plants as a stock from the position away from the ground by 8-10cm; meanwhile, cutting the standby mother braches into branch sections of 4-6cm and taking 1-2 buds as scions; cutting lower parts of the back sides of the scion buds to form inclined planes with small xylems and a length being 2-3cm by using a grafting knife, cutting on back sides of the inclined planes to form small 45-degree inclined planes with a length being less than 1cm, corresponding to the inclined planes and enabling low ends of the scions to become a flat wedge shape; enabling the selected begonia stock to be tightly attached to the xylems by using the grafting knife; forming cuts in the xylems with a length being 2-3cm perpendicular to the cross section of the stock, wherein the cuts are equal to long inclined planes of the scions in length; quickly inserting the scions into stock cuts and enabling two sides of the long inclined planes of the scions and formed layers on two sides of the stock cuts to align and attach tightly; and sealing and binding with plastic tapes, and watering, fertilizing and mowing according to a conventional method.

Description

A kind of engrafting and cultivating method of tianshan mountainash branchlet and fruit

Technical field

The present invention relates to cultivate the graft technology of tianshan mountainash branchlet and fruit, is stock with the Malus spectabilis, agrees with attributes of vegetation separately and the advantage of Sorbus alnifloria and Malus spectabilis, is a kind of method of novel cultivation tianshan mountainash branchlet and fruit, and important economic value is arranged.

Background technology

It mountain flower is seized (Sorbus.tianshania) and belongs to rose family Sorbus defoliation small arbor, up to 8 meters, and imparipinnate leaf, inflorescence umbrella room shape, tool fine hair; Floral white, the arnotto look, nearly cone, the florescence is May, fructescence is October; Fruit can be made wine or be used as medicine, bitter but rich vitamins; This plant also is the green tree species that graceful flower garden is viewed and admired; Because tianshan mountainash branchlet and fruit is distributed in height above sea level 2000-3200m, for the city plantation growing way of low height above sea level a little less than.

Literature search discloses: (1) " tianshan mountainash branchlet and fruit seedling growing process " Li Shengmao is published in " Chinese gardening digest .2010 (8) .-129-129.(2) " tianshan mountainash branchlet and fruit is grown seedlings, and " Bi Chongde, Wang Shangxiong are published in " China Forest " 2009 (17) .-48-48.(3) " seedling growing process of wild tianshan mountainash branchlet and fruit " Lin Tianjie is published in " rural science and technology " 2009 03 phases.(4) " tianshan mountainash branchlet and fruit seed seedling-raising technology " limit young tiger [1] Meng Haojun [2]

[1] Zhangye is published in " gansu science and technology " 2004,20 (10) .-179-180; Test Summary its seed collection and processing, wholely with the technology of making aspects such as bed, presprouting of seeds, sowing time, seedling management, the extermination of disease and insect pest.(5) " seedling growing process of wild tianshan mountainash branchlet and fruit " model essay becomes Malaysian's record to be published in " Qinghai agriculture and forestry science and technology " 2003 (1) .-68-68,70; Its article discloses through artificial Sorbus alnifloria seedling-wood breeding, finds that seedling growing process is simple, can become the important member that city or garden beautify, also can become shallow, the pioneer tree species of brain mountain afforestation.

The present invention is directed to the method for above-mentioned conventional seedbed system, adopt method, solved wild or the bottleneck of cultivation tianshan mountainash branchlet and fruit a little less than low height above sea level growth potential, for new field has been expanded in the seed selection and the protection of Landscape Tree Species with artificial grafting.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to: the graft technology method of cultivating tianshan mountainash branchlet and fruit is provided, has solved the unicity of traditional seedling raising manners, realized the former design object of the success of engrafting and cultivating.

The present invention seeks to realize like this; A kind of engrafting and cultivating method of tianshan mountainash branchlet and fruit is done stock with the Malus spectabilis seedling of life in 1 year, obtains tame tianshan mountainash branchlet and fruit through engrafting and cultivating, and step is following:

The collection of female branch: gather the female branch of scion in-15 days on the 10th March then, promptly on tianshan mountainash branchlet and fruit elite stand tree crown, choose 1 year living branch of robust growth, the cross section of branch is 0.8-1.2cm; After the collection mother branch being placed temperature is 0-5 ℃, and humidity is to store for future use under the condition of 80-90%;

Grafting method:, will promptly cut anvil as the Malus spectabilis plant of stock earlier apart from ground 8-10cm place in-30 days on the 20th April then; Female branch that will store simultaneously is cut into the branch section of 4-6cm, has 1-2 bud and does scion; Cut out slightly inclined-plane with grafting knife in scion bud lower rear, longly be 2-3cm, be whittled into the 45 ° long corresponding little inclined-planes of not enough 1cm at the back on inclined-plane again, make the scion lower end become flat wedge shape with it with xylem; Selected Malus spectabilis stock is close to xylem with grafting knife, promptly have a little wooden, with perpendicular to stock cross-section otch; Long 2-3cm; Equate with the long inclined-plane of scion, the stock otch is inserted in scion rapidly, the both sides, long inclined-plane of scion are aimed at the cambium on stock otch both sides be close to; The cortex that again stock is cut is attached to the scion outside, connect the back with plastic film tape with the bondage of binding of scion top plan;

Cultivate: behind the grafting survival, stock is often sprouted many tiller buds, needs bud picking to remove tiller 4-5 time, 15-20 days at interval; When grafting shoot growth during, impose urea 4.8-5.0Kg/ mu to 10-20cm; Execute potassium dihydrogen phosphate 9.5-10.0kg/ mu mid-June, humic acid 4.8-5.0 Kg/mu; When sprouting grows to 30-40cm, can remove and tie up bar; Early July is executed amino acid 9.8-10.0 Kg/mu, urea 4.5-5.2 Kg/mu; Get into August, stop to water and topdress, impel nursery stock lignification as early as possible; First watering winter in November water 1 time must keep intertill and clean tillage 3-4 time then.

The present invention provides the graft technology method of cultivating tianshan mountainash branchlet and fruit, selects to do stock with the Malus spectabilis of the same subfamily of tianshan mountainash branchlet and fruit, carries out grafting with the mode of cut-grafting; It is poor to have solved former seed insemination and emergence, and survival rate is low, and the plant pollination is morphed easily; Seed is difficult for keeping the defectives such as excellent characteristic of former female parent; Plant growing way after the grafting is good, and the characteristics of tool stock root system resistance strengthen the resistance of tianshan mountainash branchlet and fruit and adaptability.It is how high that the tianshan mountainash branchlet and fruit of common seeding and seedling raising grew into 10 cm in 2 years, and the growing way in 1 year of tianshan mountainash branchlet and fruit grafting that cut-grafting is cultivated can reach 1.2 meters; The stock Malus spectabilis can be used planting seed, provides a large amount of Malus spectabilis seedlings to do stock, and 1 year living seedling can carry out cut-grafting and cultivate tianshan mountainash branchlet and fruit, thereby enlarges the territorial scope of its suitable planting, shows technological progress.

 

Embodiment

The present invention combines embodiment to be described further.

Embodiment

Tianshan mountainash branchlet and fruit grafting and cultivation:

(1) select stock: do stock with Malus spectabilis 1 year seedling (about leading thread 0.8cm), seedling ground furrow width 60cm, every ditch seedling amount is bigger, help grafting and operate, grafting preceding stock overhead 10cm cut off at the place;

(2) collection of female branch: gather the female branch of scion in March 15 then, choose from the tree crown periphery of the good elite stand of tianshan mountainash branchlet and fruit grow good, enrich healthy and strong, eye is full, tip face is smooth, 1 year livings branch of no damage by disease and insect is done scion mother;

(3) storage of scion: gather the female branch of good scion and be stored in earlier in the fresh-keeping warehouse, keep 3 ℃ of temperature, humidity improves air humidity through water spray when humidity is not enough more than 80%;

(4) grafting time: in April 20 spring then;

(5) grafting method: the scion with the female secateurs growth of the tianshan mountainash branchlet and fruit of gathering 5cm, have 2 buds, to scabble in the bud lower rear and be with the long 3cm of xylem bevel slightly, the back side of this bevel is whittled into the little inclined-plane of 45 ° of long not enough 1cm again, makes the scion lower end become flat wedge shape; With selected Malus spectabilis stock, selects a more smooth side, be close to the cross section vertical incision of xylem (having a little wooden) with grafting knife, grow and equate with the long inclined-plane of scion for 3cm; Insert the stock otch to scion rapidly, the both sides, long inclined-plane of scion are aimed at the cambium on stock otch both sides, be close to and connect airtight, thinner like scion, the one of which side is aimed at connect airtight; The cortex that again stock is cut is attached to the scion outside, connect the back with plastic film tape with the bondage of binding of scion top plan;

(6) final-period management: behind the grafting survival, stock is often sprouted many tiller buds, for concentrating nutrient supply growth slightly newly, needs bud picking to remove tiller 4 times; When grafting shoot growth during to 15cm, dressing fertilizer, urea 5kg is executed on every mu of ground; Every mu of June 18 execute potassium dihydrogen phosphate 10 kg, humic acid 5 kg; When sprouting grows to 35cm, can remove and tie up bar; July 10, amino acid/11 0 kg was executed on every mu of ground, urea 5 kg; Get into August, stop to water and topdress, impel nursery stock lignification as early as possible, so that strengthen the ability of surviving the winter; November 5 was irritated a winter water, and seedling gets final product safe overwintering; Keep intertill and clean tillage then 4 times.

Claims (1)

1. the engrafting and cultivating method of a tianshan mountainash branchlet and fruit, it is characterized in that: the Malus spectabilis seedling with life in 1 year is done stock, obtains tame tianshan mountainash branchlet and fruit through engrafting and cultivating, and step is following:

The collection of female branch: gather the female branch of scion in-15 days on the 10th March then, promptly on tianshan mountainash branchlet and fruit elite stand tree crown, choose 1 year living branch of robust growth, the cross section of branch is 0.8-1.2cm; After the collection mother branch being placed temperature is 0-5 ℃, and humidity is to store for future use under the condition of 80-90%;

Grafting method:, will promptly cut anvil as the Malus spectabilis plant of stock earlier apart from ground 8-10cm place in-30 days on the 20th April then; Female branch that will store simultaneously is cut into the branch section of 4-6cm, has 1-2 bud and does scion; Cut out slightly inclined-plane with grafting knife in scion bud lower rear, longly be 2-3cm, be whittled into the 45 ° long corresponding little inclined-planes of not enough 1cm at the back on inclined-plane again, make the scion lower end become flat wedge shape with it with xylem; Selected Malus spectabilis stock is close to xylem with grafting knife, promptly have a little wooden, with perpendicular to stock cross-section otch; Long 2-3cm; Equate with the long inclined-plane of scion, the stock otch is inserted in scion rapidly, the both sides, long inclined-plane of scion are aimed at the cambium on stock otch both sides be close to; The cortex that again stock is cut is attached to the scion outside, connect the back with plastic film tape with the bondage of binding of scion top plan;

Cultivate: behind the grafting survival, stock is often sprouted many tiller buds, needs bud picking to remove tiller 4-5 time, 15-20 days at interval; When grafting shoot growth during, impose urea 4.8-5.0Kg/ mu to 10-20cm; Execute potassium dihydrogen phosphate 9.5-10.0kg/ mu mid-June, humic acid 4.8-5.0 Kg/mu; When sprouting grows to 30-40cm, can remove and tie up bar; Early July is executed amino acid 9.8-10.0 Kg/mu, urea 4.5-5.2 Kg/mu; Get into August, stop to water and topdress, impel nursery stock lignification as early as possible; First watering winter in November water 1 time must keep intertill and clean tillage 3-4 time then.