CN104106360B - A kind of pinus khasys grows up the method for select tree epicormic branch cuttage childrenization - Google Patents
A kind of pinus khasys grows up the method for select tree epicormic branch cuttage childrenization Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of pinus khasys grows up the method for select tree epicormic branch cuttage childrenization, comprise pinus khasys to grow up the grafting childrenization of select tree branch: first time grafting childrenization is that to cut the pinus khasys lignification side shoot that select tree germinates then of growing up be fringe bar, grafting is with on the clone cultivating seeds seedling stock of 1 year; Second time is that to cut the lignification side shoot that first time grafting childrenization seedling grows be that the grafting of fringe bar is on the stock newly selected; That to cut the lignification side shoot that second time grafting childrenization seedling grows be that the grafting of fringe bar is on the stock selected for the third time for the third time.Getting the third time semi-lignified side shoot that grows of grafting childrenization seedling is cuttage material, inserts seedbed, hardening after quickly dipped root-growing agent.The present invention obtains cuttage branch by the grow up method of select tree three grafting childrenizations of pinus khasys first, overcomes pinus khasys and to grow up the defect and deficiency that select tree branch cuttage can not survive.Make the grow up cottage propagation of select tree of pinus khasys obtain successfully first, rooting rate reaches more than 62%.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to forest Technique on Cuttage Propagation field, be specifically related to pinus khasys and grow up select tree epicormic branch cuttage childrenization method.
Background technology
Pinus khasys (Pinuskesiyavar.langbianensis) belongs to Pinaceae (Pinusaceae) Pinus (Pinus) plant, is the geographical variety of card West Asia pine.The tropical and subtropical zone mountain region of natural distribution to the west of Ailaoshan, Yunnan, height above sea level 700-2000m scope, integrated distribution is in 1000-1700m location.Pinus khasys is the distinctive fast-growing material in Yunnan Province and produces fat seeds, and be the maximum seeds of Pu'er Forest area, area is 98.20 ten thousand hm
2, growing stock amount is 8637.50 ten thousand m
3.Pinus khasys growth is fast, and rotation is short, and material is good, and Gum yield is high, and annidation is strong, is the pioneer tree species of south subtropics planting out, has important economic worth and ecological significance.
Vegetative propagation be trained by the group of defect individual, a kind of propagation method that the pierre technology such as grafting or cuttage cultivates excellent Clonal seedling.Pinus khasys belongs to difficulty and to take root seeds, and due to the height heterozygosity of trees, vegetative propagation is the method that uniquely can keep trees genetic gain.At present, in pinus khasys clone improvement process, mainly carry out vegetative propagation by grafting, have that reproduction speed is low, the growth traits of grafting difference and the aspect problem such as production cost is high, the requirement of breed and production cannot be met; And adopt tissue cultures, affect by maturation effect, its group training cycle is long, not easily success, also under test.
Current pinus khasys Cultivation Techniques of Softwood Cutting adopts pinus khasys treelet semi-lignified side shoot, as the material of epicormic branch cuttage, its cuttage survival rate is also higher, but it relates to early stage mensuration problem, because of trees by childhood to grow up, can change in growth rhythm and morphological feature, thus utilize treelet branch to carry out cuttage, must along bearing the various risks relevant with Seedling selection.Pinus khasys is once Post flowering reaches an adult age the phase, various proterties is just relatively stable, the rhythm and pace of moving things of growing is more steady, it is the period that proterties repeats and stability is maximum, but the pinus khasys selected this period grow up select tree due to its age of tree large, the inner inhibitor content of plant is high, if directly can not survive with its branch cutting, if adopt the method for grafting, because grafting is because of the aging impact that must bring former strain maturation effect of scion, greatly hinder clone and breed process, therefore study the grow up childrenization method of select tree of pinus khasys very necessary.The spray adopting the select tree that grows up is propagating materials, cultivates into pinus khasys clone nursery stock.Its advantage the merit on Superior Tree of Pinus kesiya var. langbianensis fully can be entailed clonal offspring, and the hereditary component of some non-additive effects also all can entail offspring.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention overcomes existing pinus khasys treelet to sprout side shoot exists genetic variation and genetic differentiation problem as propagating materials cultivation cuttage seeding, and although adult select tree merit fully can entail clonal offspring, but there is pinus khasys and to grow up the defect and deficiency that select tree branch cuttage can not survive.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, a kind of pinus khasys provided by the present invention grows up the method for select tree epicormic branch cuttage childrenization, comprises the following steps:
(1) pinus khasys grows up the selection of select tree
Adopt five conventional strain dominant tree methods, select the age of tree >=20 year, the adult pinus khasys of average annual height increament >=1m, average annual breast diameter growth amount >=1cm is that pinus khasys grows up select tree;
(2) pinus khasys grows up the grafting childrenization of select tree branch
1. first time grafting childrenization, the selection of stock: the seedling of the selection clone cultivating seeds height of seedling 70cm ~ 100cm of 1 year and leading thread 1cm ~ 2cm is stock, cutting of fringe bar: annual May or October the pinus khasys cut selected by step (1) the lignification side shoot that select tree germinates then of growing up be fringe bar; Grafting: overhead cut off at 10cm ~ 15cm place at selected stock height, by cut fringe bar with the grafting of cleft grafting grafting method on this stock, grafting is first time grafting childrenization seedling after cultivating and surviving;
2. second time grafting childrenization, the selection of stock: newly select stock for second time graft stock, cutting of fringe bar by the system of selection of the 1. described stock of step (2): cutting the lignification side shoot that the 1. described first time grafting childrenization seedling of step (2) grows is the fringe of grafting for the second time bar; Grafting: overhead cut off at 10cm ~ 15cm place at selected second time graft stock height, by cut second time grafting fringe bar cleft grafting grafting method grafting on described second time graft stock, grafting is second time grafting childrenization seedling after cultivating and surviving;
3. third time grafting childrenization, the selection of stock: select stock again for third time graft stock, cutting of fringe bar by the system of selection of the 1. described stock of step (2): cutting the lignification side shoot that the 2. described second time grafting childrenization seedling of step (2) grows is the fringe of grafting for the third time bar; Grafting: overhead cut off at 10cm ~ 15cm place at selected third time graft stock height, by cut third time grafting fringe bar cleft grafting grafting method grafting on described third time graft stock, grafting is third time grafting childrenization seedling after cultivating and surviving;
(3) management of third time grafting childrenization seedling
At trunk 20cm ~ 30cm place of third time grafting childrenization seedling, disconnected top, monthly imposes once-combined fertile 5g ~ 10g/ strain, in described composite fertilizer N content be 15%, P
2o
5content is 15%, K
2o content is 15%, and described content is mass fraction;
(4) selection of cuttage material
Choosing the third time semi-lignified side shoot without damage by disease and insect that grows of grafting childrenization seedling is cuttage material;
(5) process of cuttage material and cuttage
Be root-growing agent with the solution of water constant volume 1L after mixing with heteroauxin 1g and methyl α-naphthyl acetate 1g, insert seedbed by after quickly dipped for the cuttage material described in step (4) described root-growing agent 10 ~ 20s;
(6) management of cuttage seeding
On seedbed, build colourless transparent plastic film shed after cuttage, outside described colourless transparent plastic film, cover the sunshade net of one deck shading rate 75% ~ 80%, in canopy, relative air humidity remains on 80% ~ 90%; Temperature remains on 25 ~ 32 DEG C, sprays a bactericide every 9d ~ 11d to cuttage seeding;
(7) hardening
Growth of cuttage seedlings after 4 months survival rate start hardening to more than 70%, the hardening phase waters once every 2d ~ 3d; Every 15d sealing fertilizer 5g/ strain, described composite fertilizer is identical with the composite fertilizer described in step (3).Height of seedling >=15cm is selected after 1 month, the outplanting afforestation of leading thread >=0.2cm until hardening.
Further, the bactericide that step (6) sprays is carbendazim 1000 times of liquid.
Further, the cuttings length that step (2) is 1. described is 18cm ~ 23cm and terminal bud is full; The 2. described second time grafting cuttings length of step (2) is 18cm ~ 23cm and terminal bud is full; The length of the third time grafting fringe bar that step (2) is 3. described is 18cm ~ 23cm and terminal bud is full.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, the present invention adopts the grow up method of select tree three grafting childrenizations of pinus khasys to obtain cuttage branch first, and overcome prior art and adopt pinus khasys treelet to obtain cuttage branch, the cuttage seeding of cultivation exists the problem of genetic variation and genetic differentiation.
2, the present invention adopts the branch of adult select tree to be propagating materials by planting viviparous spray after grafting three times continuously on the raw young anvil of 1a, cultivate into pinus khasys clone nursery stock, its advantage is: pinus khasys fully can be entailed clonal offspring by the merit of growing up on select tree, the hereditary component of some non-additive effects also all can entail offspring.
3, the inventive method makes the grow up cottage propagation of select tree of the pinus khasys of more than 20 years obtain successfully first.Have effectively achieved pinus khasys to grow up the childrenization of select tree, raw treelet lateral branch cutting rooting efficiency was good than 3 years for childrenization cutting experiment, and rooting rate reaches 62%.Simultaneously, also shorten pinus khasys to grow up childrenization cycle of select tree material, only 4 years can make the adult select tree branch of more than 20 years be able to childrenization, improve childrenization efficiency, effectively promoted the process of pinus khasys breeding, for pinus khasys breeding later stage choiceness measure and improved variety popularization work carry out smoothly provide guarantee.
Embodiment
Without illustrating as conventional method in embodiment.
Embodiment 1 the inventive method
The present embodiment does two process, and process 1 and process 2 monthlyly to be carried out as follows in the May in the same year or 10 respectively:
1. implement place
In Lin Kesuo nursery, Chinese yunnan province Puer City, be positioned at north latitude 22 ° 27 ' ~ 24 ° 06 ', between east longitude 100 ° 19 ' ~ 101 ° 27 ', weather is south subtropics district, and zonal soil is red earth and part laterite.
(1) pinus khasys grows up the selection of select tree
Adopt five conventional strain dominant tree methods, select tree age >=20 years, the adult pinus khasys of average annual height increament >=1m, average annual breast diameter growth amount >=1cm is that pinus khasys grows up select tree.Five strain dominant tree methods of described routine are: centered by candidate tree, in 10m ~ 25m radius that land occupation condition is relatively consistent, wherein at least should comprise the tree of more than 30 strains, select 3 ~ 5 strain dominant trees being only second to candidate tree, survey and calculate its mean stand height, the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground and the volume of timber.Can be selected in as the indexs such as the volume of timber that candidate sets exceed required standard.General provision: the volume of timber of select tree, the height of tree and the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground should exceed respectively the average volume of timber of dominant tree 50%, 5% of the height of tree, 20% of the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground.
(2) pinus khasys grows up the grafting childrenization of select tree branch
1. first time grafting childrenization, the selection of stock: the seedling of the selection clone cultivating seeds height of seedling 70cm ~ 100cm of 1 year and leading thread 1cm ~ 2cm is stock, cutting of fringe bar: grow up length that select tree germinates then of the pinus khasys cut selected by step (1) is 18cm ~ 23cm and the full lignification side shoot of terminal bud is fringe bar; Grafting: overhead cut off at 10cm ~ 15cm place at selected stock height, by cut fringe bar with the grafting of cleft grafting grafting method on this stock, grafting is first time grafting childrenization seedling after cultivating and surviving, and the average graft survival rate of process 1 and process 2 is more than 80%.
2. second time grafting childrenization, the selection of stock: newly select stock for second time graft stock, cutting of fringe bar by the system of selection of the 1. described stock of step (2): cut the length that the 1. described first time grafting childrenization seedling of step (2) grows and be 18cm ~ 23cm and the full lignification side shoot of terminal bud is the fringe of grafting for the second time bar; Grafting: overhead cut off at 10cm ~ 15cm place at selected second time graft stock height, by cut second time grafting fringe bar cleft grafting grafting method grafting on described second time graft stock, grafting is second time grafting childrenization seedling after cultivating and surviving, and the average graft survival rate of process 1 and process 2 is more than 80%.
3. third time grafting childrenization, the selection of stock: select stock again for third time graft stock, cutting of fringe bar by the system of selection of the 1. described stock of step (2): cut the length that the 2. described second time grafting childrenization seedling of step (2) grows and be 18cm ~ 23cm and the full lignification side shoot of terminal bud is the fringe of grafting for the third time bar; Grafting: overhead cut off at 10cm ~ 15cm place at selected third time graft stock height, by cut third time grafting fringe bar cleft grafting grafting method grafting on described third time graft stock, grafting is third time grafting childrenization seedling after cultivating and surviving, and the average graft survival rate of process 1 and process 2 is more than 80%;
(3) management of third time grafting childrenization seedling
At trunk 20cm ~ 30cm place of third time grafting childrenization seedling, disconnected top, monthly imposes once-combined fertile 5g ~ 10g/ strain, in described composite fertilizer N content be 15%, P
2o
5content is 15%, K
2o content is 15%, and described content is mass fraction.
(4) selection of cuttage material
Choosing the third time semi-lignified side shoot without damage by disease and insect that grows of grafting childrenization seedling is cuttage material.
(5) process of cuttage material and cuttage
Be root-growing agent with the solution of water constant volume 1L after mixing with heteroauxin 1g and methyl α-naphthyl acetate 1g, insert seedbed by after quickly dipped for cuttage material described root-growing agent 10s ~ 20s; The soil in seedbed is mountain red soil.
(6) management of cuttage seeding
On seedbed, build colourless transparent plastic film shed after cuttage, outside described plastic film, cover the sunshade net of one deck shading rate 75% ~ 80%, in canopy, relative air humidity remains on 80% ~ 90%; Temperature remains on 25 ~ 32 DEG C, sprays 50% carbendazol wettable powder 1000 times of liquid every 9d ~ 11d to cuttage seeding.
(7) hardening
Growth of cuttage seedlings after 4 months survival rate start hardening to more than 70%, open plastic film gradually to breathe freely, first two ends, seedbed plastic film is opened, adapted to take plastic film off after external environment condition until cuttage seeding, taken sunshade after 5 months off and carry out full exposure hardening.The hardening phase waters, and waters once every 2d ~ 3d; Every 15d sealing fertilizer 5g/ strain, described composite fertilizer is identical with the composite fertilizer described in step (3).Height of seedling >=15cm is selected after 1 month, the outplanting afforestation of leading thread >=0.2cm until hardening.The average rooting rate of cuttage seeding of process 1 and process 2 all reaches 62%.
Embodiment 2 first time grafting childrenization seedling, the childrenization of grafting for the second time seedling, the childrenization of grafting for the third time seedling (hereinafter referred to as grafting plant) differing heights side shoot, hormone kind, concentration affect comparative trial to cuttage survival rate
1. implement place
In Lin Kesuo nursery, Chinese yunnan province Puer City, be positioned at north latitude 22 ° 27 ' ~ 24 ° 06 ', between east longitude 100 ° 19 ' ~ 101 ° 27 ', weather is south subtropics district, and zonal soil is red earth and part laterite.
2 test materials
The grow up system of selection of select tree of pinus khasys is identical with embodiment 1.
The fringe bar of grafting picks up from the pinus khasys after progeny test and to grow up select tree, the age of tree 30 years, the fine individual plant of diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 32cm, height of tree 30m.Stock selects 1 year high 70 ~ 100cm of life, the pinus khasys seedling of leading thread 1 ~ 2cm; Grafting adopts cleft graft, and by the grafting respectively on the raw stock of 1a after grafting 3 times, when growing to 25cm, 50cm, 100cm, field planting is the mother plant for cutting of test.Mother plant for cutting field planting seeding row spacing is 50cm × 50cm, and maternal plant cuts top process for 3 months after field planting, reaches 8 ~ 10cm start to cut fringe, foliage fertilization 1 time after each clip fringe bar when maternal plant sprouts side shoot length.The fringe bar used in Cutting test is all that sprouted the then semi-lignified of mother plant for cutting is without the full branch of damage by disease and insect terminal bud.Cutting test all selects mountain red soil to be matrix; The sunshade net of 75% shading rate.
3 experimental scheme
3.1 grafting plant differing heights side shoots, hormone kind, concentration are on the impact of cuttage survival rate
With the impact test of cuttage survival rate being done differing heights side shoot, hormone kind, variable concentrations by three grafting plants.Adopt orthogonal L9 (3)
4, repeat for three times, from cuttage in October, 2013, each process cuttage 30, totally 810, in March, 2014, observation survived situation.Experimental scheme is in table 1.
Table 1 experimental scheme
Manage after 3.2 cottage methods and cuttage
Cuttage a few days ago matrix 500 times of carbendazim solutions carries out disinfection for subsequent use, and fringe bar is selected and given birth to the healthy fringe bar of semi-lignified band terminal bud without damage by disease and insect then, long 8 ~ 10cm.After carrying out HORMONE TREATMENT according to test requirements document, for subsequent use.First insert hole with the bamboo chip fined away in one end in nutritious bag sack central authorities during cuttage, then cuttings is inserted in hole, take off soil pressure in fact with hand, cuttage about degree of depth 4cm, water permeable after inserting, soil and cuttings are combined closely.Bury to from cuttings and take root, preventing from wilting is the key survived, cuttings be plugged rear in time above seedbed 0.8m place build plastic film Small plastic shed, and cover the sunshade net of shading rate 75% on plastic film Small plastic shed.To control the temperature and humidity in hut, hut humidity remains on 85 ~ 90%, and temperature remains on 25 ~ 32 DEG C, will take the aeration-cooling measure in hut two ends in time for more than 33 DEG C, but under will noting the prerequisite of guarantee canopy humidity, temperature is dropped in optimum range.Spraying 1000 times of carbendazim liquids every 10d after tloig-cutlage prevents fringe bar from going mouldy.Open plastic film after 4 months gradually to breathe freely, take sunshade after 5 months off and carry out full exposure hardening.
3.3 data statistics
Rooting rate carries out complete investigation in cuttage after 6 months.Data acquisition EXCEL adds up, and carries out variance analysis and Multiple range test by statistical software DPSv7.05 version to test statistics result.
4. results and analysis
Hormone kind, concentration sprout lateral branch cutting survival of random result of the test in table 2 to grafting plant differing heights.Intuitive analysis and variance analysis are carried out to the result of test gained, as can be seen from Table 2, it is maximum that grafting plant differing heights sprouts side shoot R value, so the side shoot that the differing heights of grafting plant is sprouted is the Main Factors affecting cuttage survival rate, next is hormone kind, be concentration again, the primary and secondary order of 3 factors is: A > B > C.From result of the test, horizontal combination A
1b
2c
2cuttage survival rate is the highest on average reaches 66.7% in combination.It is 1.53 ~ 9.52 times of other treatment combination.
Table 23 kind of the impact of process on pinus khasys cuttage survival rate
F value assay (table 3) of variance analysis shows, between side shoot that differing heights is sprouted, hormon kind, variable concentrations process, cuttage survival rate difference is extremely remarkable.Show this test differing heights sprout side shoot, hormon kind, variable concentrations be the principal element affecting cuttage survival rate.
Table 33 kind of a process affects variance analysis table to cuttage survival rate
*represent that difference is extremely remarkable
The mean of the LSD method of inspection to the cuttage survival rate of each factor of this test is utilized to carry out Multiple range test.Result shows: grafting plant differing heights 25cm, 50cm, 100cm sprout lateral branch cutting survival rate significant difference; Hormone kind, between heteroauxin and naphthylacetic acid mixture, indolebutyric acid, methyl α-naphthyl acetate, difference reaches pole significance level, and between indolebutyric acid and methyl α-naphthyl acetate, difference does not reach significance level; The concentration used, between 2g/L and 3g/L, difference does not reach significance level, and 2g/L and 3g/L and 1g/L difference reaches pole significance level.
Multiple range test between process 3 factor each level tested by table 4
Can find out that differing heights, hormon kind, variable concentrations have remarkable impact to cuttage survival rate from analysis result.The best of breed of level is consistent with table 2 conclusion, is A
1b
2c
2, i.e. grafting plant height 25cm, the equal amount of mixture of the hormone of use and heteroauxin and methyl α-naphthyl acetate, concentration is 2g/L.
4 conclusions
Grafting plant differing heights side shoot, hormone kind, the concentration result of the test that affects on cuttage survival rate shows, the best of breed of level is A
1b
2c
2, i.e. grafting plant height 25c, hormone kind heteroauxin and naphthylacetic acid mixture, working concentration 2g/L.Grafting plant height declines along with highly increasing cuttage survival rate, shows that position effect is obvious.When cultivating mother plant for cutting with grafting plant aborning, cutting strunk height is as far as possible lower than 25cm.
On grafting plant, embodiment 3 grafting number of times sprouts that side shoot quantity affect comparative trial, grafting plant differing heights sprouting side shoot quantity compares, the different age of tree and different grafting number of times affect comparative trial to cuttage survival rate
1. implement place
In Lin Kesuo nursery, Chinese yunnan province Puer City, be positioned at north latitude 22 ° 27 ' ~ 24 ° 06 ', between east longitude 100 ° 19 ' ~ 101 ° 27 ', weather is south subtropics district, and zonal soil is red earth and part laterite.
2. test material
The grow up system of selection of select tree of pinus khasys is identical with embodiment 1.
The fringe bar of grafting to pick up from after progeny test the age of tree 30 years, and the pinus khasys of diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 32cm, height of tree 30m grows up select tree; Grafting adopts cleft graft; Adopt the seedling height of seedling 70 ~ 100cm of clonal seed orchard cultivating seeds 1a during each grafting, the plant of leading thread 1 ~ 2cm is as stock, and after grafting survival, field planting is the mother plant for cutting of test.Mother plant for cutting field planting seeding row spacing is 50cm × 50cm; 1a, 3a, 5a treelet branch picks up from popularization center of State Forestry Administration, P.R. China of Ning Er county nursery; The fringe bar used in Cutting test is all that sprouted the then semi-lignified of mother plant for cutting is without the full branch of damage by disease and insect terminal bud.
3. experimental scheme
3.1 grafting number of times sprout the impact of side shoot quantity to grafting plant
Grafting number of times sprouts side shoot quantity impact test to grafting plant, grafting 3 times, namely the seedling height of seedling 70 ~ 100cm of clonal seed orchard cultivating seeds 1a is adopted during each grafting, the plant of leading thread 1 ~ 2cm, as stock, is overhead cut off at 10 ~ 15cm place at stock, and the fringe bar of first time grafting picks up from side shoot that select tree sprouts, treat the complete lignification of side shoot, terminal bud is full, after reaching 20cm, get grafting sprout side shoot and carry out grafting as the fringe bar of second time grafting; The plant survived of second time grafting sprout side shoot and transfer fringe bar as third time grafting; Test adopts single factor test randomised block design, if three times are repeated, each process 30 strain, grafting 270 strain altogether, adds up side shoot quantity after five months.
3.2 grafting plant differing heights are sprouted side shoot quantity and are compared
Be mother plant for cutting with the plant field planting of grafting three times, enter short branch coppice shoot, the side shoot quantity of each clip of observed and recorded after five months in the At The Height of 25cm, 50cm, 100cm top side of breaking respectively.Test adopts single factor test randomised block design, if three times are repeated, and each process 30 strain, grafting 270 strain altogether.
The 3.3 different age of trees and different grafting number of times are on the impact of cuttage survival rate
1a, 3a, 5a treelet, pinus khasys grow up, and grafting, second time grafting, for the third time side shoot that grafting sprouts carry out Cutting test to select tree for the first time.Matrix is mountain red soil, hormone heteroauxin and methyl α-naphthyl acetate equal amount of mixture, and concentration is 2g/L, cuttage after quickly dipped 3s, builds sunshade after cuttage with the sunshade net of 75% shading rate.Test adopts single factor test randomised block design, if three times are repeated, and each process 30, cuttage 540 altogether.
3.4 data statistics
Within five month after cutting off grafting plant top, start the semi-lignified side shoot quantity recording each clip.Rooting rate carries out complete investigation in cuttage after 6 months.Data acquisition EXCEL adds up, and carries out variance analysis and Multiple range test by statistical software DPSv7.05 version to test statistics result.
4. results and analysis
4.1 grafting number of times sprout the impact of side shoot quantity to grafting plant
It is 19.9 that different grafting number of times plant sprouts side shoot average yield, carries out variance analysis as table 5 to side shoot yield result:
Table 5 grafting number of times is sprouted side shoot quantity to grafting plant and is affected variance analysis table
*represent that difference is extremely remarkable
As shown in Table 5, different grafting number of times plant sprouting side shoot ability heteropole is remarkable.Utilize least significant difference (LSD method) to sprout side shoot average yield to the different number of times plant of this test grafting and carry out Multiple range test.Grafting number of times is sprouted side shoot quantity to grafting plant and affect result of the test and show, the grafting plant that grafting is 3 times is sprouted the average individual plant of side shoot and reached 31, higher than grafting 2 times and 1 time, sprouting average 20 and 8.7 of side shoot.Grafting 3 times, to plant childrenization best results, is sprouted side shoot ability and is significantly higher than grafting 1 time and 2 times.
Table 6 grafting number of times is sprouted side shoot quantity to grafting plant and is affected Multiple range test table
4.2 grafting plant differing heights are sprouted side shoot quantity and are compared
Grafting plant differing heights side shoot output luffing, between 14 ~ 29, carries out variance analysis as table 7 to its result:
Table 7 grafting plant differing heights is sprouted side shoot quantity and is compared variance analysis table
*represent that difference is extremely remarkable
As shown in Table 7, grafting plant differing heights side shoot sprouting amount difference is extremely remarkable, the result of multiple comparisons (table 8) shows: grafting plant overhead 20 ~ 30cm height individual plant is sprouted side shoot and on average reached 29, higher than 50 ~ 60cm and 90 ~ 100cm height, average individual plant sprout side shoot 18,14.Along with the increase of grafting plant height, to sprout side shoot ability on a declining curve.
Table 8 grafting plant differing heights sprouts side shoot quantity often heavy comparison sheet
The 4.3 different age of trees and different grafting number of times are on the impact of cuttage survival rate
6 process cutting survival luffings are 7.3% ~ 87%, and carry out arcsin value conversion to test gained cutting plantation, analyze its otherness, result is as table 9.
The different age of tree of table 9 and different grafting number of times affect variance analysis table to cuttage survival rate
*represent that difference is extremely remarkable
The F value assay of variance analysis shows: it is extremely remarkable that the different age of tree and grafting number of times sprout lateral branch cutting survival rate impact test difference, carries out Multiple range test further as following table 10.
The different age of tree of table 10 and different grafting number of times affect Multiple range test table to cuttage survival rate
The different age of tree and the affect result of the test of different grafting number of times on cuttage survival rate show: within 1 year, raw treelet lateral branch cutting survival rate is to 87%, and pole is significantly higher than 3a, 5a, grafting 1 time, grafting 2 times, grafting 3 times; The lateral branch cutting survival rate that the plant that grafting is three times sprouts is to 62%, 1.4% is exceeded than the cuttage survival rate of 3a raw treelet sprouting side shoot, illustrate and pinus khasys is grown up continuous 3 graftings of select tree branch on young anvil, then plant viviparous side shoot for 3 times with grafting and carry out cuttage, childrenization cuttage root-taking is effective.
5 conclusions and discussion
5.1 conclusion
(1) grafting number of times sprouts side shoot quantity to grafting plant affect result of the test and shows, grafting 3 plant sprout the average individual plants of side shoot and reach 31, higher than grafting 2 times and 1 time, sprouting average 20 and 8.7 of side shoot.Grafting number of times sprouts side shoot ability to plant remarkable impact, and grafting 3 plant sprout side shoot ability higher than grafting 1 time and 2 times.
(2) grafting plant differing heights is sprouted side shoot quantity comparative test result and is shown, grafting plant overhead 25cm height individual plant is sprouted side shoot and on average reached 29, higher than 50cm and 100cm height, average individual plant sprout side shoot 18,14.Along with plant height increase, to sprout side shoot ability on a declining curve.
(3) the different age of tree and the affect result of the test of different grafting number of times on cuttage survival rate show: within 1 year, raw treelet lateral branch cutting survival rate is to 87%, and pole is significantly higher than 3a, 5a, grafting 1 time, grafting 2 times, grafting 3 times; The lateral branch cutting survival rate that the plant that grafting is three times sprouts is to 62%, the cuttage survival rate sprouting side shoot than 3a treelet exceeds 1.4%, illustrate and pinus khasys is grown up continuous 3 graftings of select tree branch on young anvil, then plant viviparous side shoot for 3 times with grafting and carry out cuttage, childrenization cuttage root-taking is effective, effectively overcomes age effect.
Claims (3)
1. pinus khasys grows up a method for select tree epicormic branch cuttage childrenization, comprises the following steps:
(1) pinus khasys grows up the selection of select tree
Adopt five conventional strain dominant tree methods, select the age of tree >=20 year, the adult pinus khasys of average annual height increament >=1m, average annual breast diameter growth amount >=1cm is that pinus khasys grows up select tree;
(2) pinus khasys grows up the grafting childrenization of select tree branch
1. first time grafting childrenization, the selection of stock: the seedling of the selection clone cultivating seeds height of seedling 70cm ~ 100cm of 1 year and leading thread 1cm ~ 2cm is stock, cutting of fringe bar: cutting the pinus khasys lignification side shoot that select tree germinates then of growing up in annual May or October is fringe bar; Grafting: overhead cut off at 10cm ~ 15cm place at selected stock height, by cut fringe bar with the grafting of cleft grafting grafting method on this stock, grafting is first time grafting childrenization seedling after cultivating and surviving;
2. second time grafting childrenization, the selection of stock: newly select stock for second time graft stock, cutting of fringe bar by the system of selection of the 1. described stock of step (2): cutting the lignification side shoot that the 1. described first time grafting childrenization seedling of step (2) grows is the fringe of grafting for the second time bar; Grafting: overhead cut off at 10cm ~ 15cm place at selected second time graft stock height, by cut second time grafting fringe bar cleft grafting grafting method grafting on described second time graft stock, grafting is second time grafting childrenization seedling after cultivating and surviving;
3. third time grafting childrenization, the selection of stock: select stock again for third time graft stock, cutting of fringe bar by the system of selection of the 1. described stock of step (2): cutting the lignification side shoot that the 2. described second time grafting childrenization seedling of step (2) grows is the fringe of grafting for the third time bar; Grafting: overhead cut off at 10cm ~ 15cm place at selected third time graft stock height, by cut third time grafting fringe bar cleft grafting grafting method grafting on described third time graft stock, grafting is third time grafting childrenization seedling after cultivating and surviving;
(3) management of third time grafting childrenization seedling
At trunk 20cm ~ 30cm place of third time grafting childrenization seedling, disconnected top, monthly imposes once-combined fertile 5g ~ 10g/ strain, in described composite fertilizer N content be 15%, P
2o
5content is 15%, K
2o content is 15%, and described content is mass fraction;
(4) selection of cuttage material
Choosing the third time semi-lignified side shoot without damage by disease and insect that grows of grafting childrenization seedling is cuttage material;
(5) process of cuttage material and cuttage
Be root-growing agent with the solution of water constant volume 1L after mixing with heteroauxin 1g and methyl α-naphthyl acetate 1g, insert seedbed by after quickly dipped for cuttage material described root-growing agent 10s ~ 20s;
(6) management of cuttage seeding
On seedbed, build colourless transparent plastic film shed after cuttage, outside described plastic film, cover the sunshade net of one deck shading rate 75% ~ 80%, in canopy, relative air humidity remains on 80% ~ 90%; Temperature remains on 25 DEG C ~ 32 DEG C, sprays a bactericide every 9d ~ 11d to cuttage seeding;
(7) hardening
Cuttage seeding survival rate starts hardening to more than 70%, and the hardening phase waters once every 2d ~ 3d, and every 15d sealing fertilizer 5g/ strain, described composite fertilizer is identical with the composite fertilizer described in step (3).
2. pinus khasys according to claim 1 grows up the method for select tree epicormic branch cuttage childrenization, it is characterized in that: the bactericide that step (6) sprays is carbendazim 1000 times of liquid.
3. pinus khasys according to claim 1 and 2 grows up the method for select tree epicormic branch cuttage childrenization, it is characterized in that: the 1. described cuttings length of step (2) is 18cm ~ 23cm and terminal bud is full; The 2. described second time grafting cuttings length of step (2) is 18cm ~ 23cm and terminal bud is full; The length of the third time grafting fringe bar that step (2) is 3. described is 18cm ~ 23cm and terminal bud is full.
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| CN105746288B (en) * | 2016-04-15 | 2019-05-28 | 中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所 | A kind of method for building up of cassie Asia pine cuttage nursery system |
| CN106342556A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2017-01-25 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Large-scale grafting and seeding breeding method of excellent masson pine clones |
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| CN109168696B (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2020-12-01 | 普定县绿源苗业开发有限公司 | Method for grafting malus asiatica |
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