CN101946670B

CN101946670B - Method for transforming low-efficiency forest of Discorea pini

Info

Publication number: CN101946670B
Application number: CN2010102621840A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 成克武; 臧润国; 郎南军; 江期川; 黄永祥; 周晓芳
Original assignee: Heibei Agricultural University; Yunnan Academy of Forestry
Current assignee: Heibei Agricultural University; Yunnan Academy of Forestry
Priority date: 2010-08-25
Filing date: 2010-08-25
Publication date: 2011-08-17
Anticipated expiration: 2030-08-25
Also published as: CN101946670A

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for transforming a low-efficiency forest of a pinus elliottii. Aiming at the problems of poor genetic quality, high-quality provenance deficiency and high-strength intermediate cutting caused Eupatorium adenophorum spreng spreading and soil erosion, difficult survival of forestation seedlings and the like of the Pinus yunnanensis forest, the invention utilizes the modes of high-quality Pinus yunnanensis nutrition bag seedling culture, low-strength 3-time intermediate cutting of the Pinus yunnanensis forest, hole digging and land preparation and artificial construction of Pinus yunnanensis container seedlings to transform the low-efficiency Pinus yunnanensis forest into the Pinus yunnanensis forest, solves the problems of water and soil loss, Eupatorium adenophorum spreng spreading and artificial forestation quality difference in the transformation process, improves the genetic quality of the Pinus yunnanensis, and improves forest stand quality and. The method for transforming the low-efficiency forest of the Pinus yunnanensis is particularly suitable for transforming the low-efficiency forest stand of the Pinus yunnanensis distribution area.

Description

The remodeling method of a kind of domain pine poor efficiency woods

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of degeneration stand improvement technology, the remodeling method of particularly a kind of domain pine poor efficiency woods.

Background technology

The domain pine is the mutation of pinus yunnanensis, shows that mainly the domain pine is the shrub shape, dried growing thickly, high 1-2m (can reach 5-6m individually), poor growth with the difference of pinus yunnanensis.The domain pine forest is a kind of The Main Types of Vegetation that forms after the Yunnan pine forest degenerates, and especially middle reaches, Jinsha jiang River and area, the middle regions of the Yunnan Province are the most general in Yunnan Province.In the past in the long-term business process of Yunnan pine forest, because tall and big, perfectly straight individuality is mainly selected in the felling of Yunnan pine forest, make the individuality inferior short, trunk warpig that is generally that remains in the forest land, these individualities fall to kind upgrading breeding by natural, the individual inheritance quality and the stand quality of new formation are constantly descended, finally form the domain pine forest of short distortion; In addition, in the artificial afforestration process of pinus yunnanensis, some place is owing to collect seed when growing seedlings to pursuing conveniently, choosing some short pinus yunnanensis even domain pine collects seed, grows seedlings and afforest, formed forest plantation poor growth, form twists, out-put is low, deficiency in economic performance, lack the future of cultivation, the standing forest that causes these natural and artificial formation be Yunnan Province especially middle reaches, Jinsha jiang River and area, the middle regions of the Yunnan Province is the most common, be again one of urgency stand type to be transformed in the natural forest operation.The transformation of domain pine forest is lacked further investigation and effective remodeling method, mainly be to educate protection by envelope in the past, gives free rein to grow and upgrade succession, transforms by artificial afforestration after perhaps carrying out comprehensive clear felling or high strength clear felling.Above-mentioned two kinds of methods all are difficult to obtain good correctional effect, preceding a kind of remodeling method is because pinus yunnanensis high-quality provenance lacks in the pine forest of domain, and domain inferior pine continual renovation breeding is difficult to be substituted, therefore relying on natural deduction to recover need be through very very long time, poor effect; A kind of method in back is by the modification measures of clear felling or high strength selective cutting back artificial afforestration, the forest land crown density descend, cause the serious water and soil loss in forest land significantly after can causing cutting down, Eupatorium adenophorum spreads, the pinus yunnanensis seedling of being planted is subjected to that competition, soil nutrient, the moisture of Eupatorium adenophorum is deficient to be lacked and the growth of seedling initial stage lacks the influence of lateral shelter, cause survival rate low, the afforestation seedling development is slow, and correctional effect is undesirable.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide the remodeling method of a kind of domain pine poor efficiency woods, transform the domain pine forest as high-quality Yunnan pine forest, make that pinus yunnanensis individual inheritance quality improves in the forest land, improved pinus yunnanensis stand quality and economic benefit.

The remodeling method of domain of the present invention pine poor efficiency woods may further comprise the steps:

(1) cultivation of pinus yunnanensis high-quality container seedling

Select the pinus yunnanensis fine provenance, carry out nutritional bag spring in the nursery, nutritious bag is selected high 13cm, the plastic sack of diameter 6.15cm, packed soil utilizes pinus yunnanensis sylvan life subacidity soil, the pinus yunnanensis seed is with 60 ℃ emerge in worm water 24h before broadcasting, remove empty grain, impurity, be the carbendazim solution sterilization 10min of 0.5% liquor potassic permanganate or 1000 times of liquid again with mass fraction, sterilization back vernalization 2～4h, 3～5 pinus yunnanensis seeds of program request in every bag then, broadcast skim fine earth on the bonnet, water permeablely with watering can, broadcast back control moisture, prevent mouse, worm harm;

(2) tending and intermittent cutting of forest of domain pine forest

Divide 3 tending and intermittent cutting of forest modes to finish, the 1st, density is big in the 2nd the intermediate cutting selection standing forest, the domain pine that grows the poorest is individual, comprise that form is the poorest, highly the shortest, the domain pine that grows the slowest is individual and catch an illness individual as the intermediate cutting object, cut down for the 3rd time and remove remaining all domain pine individualities, each intensity of intermediate cutting accounts for the 30%-35% of the preceding strain number of intermediate cutting first for felling the strain number, cutting interval is at 3-5, decide according to the closing of crop degree, in closing of crop degree 〉=0.4 o'clock, interval is short, and in crown density＜0.4 o'clock, interval is long, the intermediate cutting activity duration selects carry out autumn and winter, the deciduous species in the intermediate cutting process in forest reservation;

(3) planting site wholely and artificial tree planting

On the clearing behind the pine forest tending and intermittent cutting of forest of domain, dig whole ground, cave before selecting arrive rainy season in July, seedling cave specification is 40cm * 40cm * 40cm, seeding row spacing 1m * 1.5m, the laggard capable pinus yunnanensis artificial afforestration of arriving rainy season in July, the afforestation nursery stock is adopted the pinus yunnanensis nutritious bag seedling of cultivating in the nursery in spring then, the deciduous species in the afforestation process in forest reservation;

(4) forest land tending management

In back 1 month of afforestation and the annual rainy season in later 4 years, Eupatorium adenophorum and other weeds around the afforestation nursery stock manually to be rooted out, prevention and elimination of disease and pests and prevent the generation of fire is managed and protected forest land enforcement strictness, forbids that people and animals trample on destruction.

The good effect that the present invention obtains is: the present invention is by 3 tending and intermittent cutting of forests of low-intensity and artificial construction high-quality pinus yunnanensis container seedling to domain pine poor efficiency woods; alleviated negative effect to the forest land environment; promoted the introducing of high-quality pinus yunnanensis provenance; having overcome the Eupatorium adenophorum that is caused when clear felling transformation in the past and high strength clear felling are transformed spreads; the soil erosion; and pinus yunnanensis afforestation nursery stock is subjected to moisture; nutrient is not enough and Eupatorium adenophorum competes and undergrowth; the lethality height; the drawback of correctional effect difference; also avoided simple envelope to educate pinus yunnanensis high-quality provenance shortage in the protected mode; the renewal effect is bad; recover long defective of succession time, in domain pine forest and the transformation of other pinus yunnanensis poor efficiency woodss, have wide practical use.

Embodiment

(1) cultivation of pinus yunnanensis high-quality container seedling

Use the pinus yunnanensis fine provenance in the nursery spring and carry out nutritional bag, nutritious bag is selected high 13cm, the plastic sack of diameter 6.15cm, packed soil utilizes pinus yunnanensis sylvan life subacidity soil, the pinus yunnanensis seed is with 60 ℃ emerge in worm water 24h before broadcasting, remove empty grain, impurity, be the carbendazim solution sterilization 10min of 0.5% liquor potassic permanganate or 1000 times of liquid again with mass fraction, sterilization back vernalization 2～4h, 3～5 pinus yunnanensis seeds of program request in every bag are broadcast skim fine earth on the bonnet then, water permeable with watering can, broadcast back control moisture, prevent mouse, worm harm;

(2) tending and intermittent cutting of forest of domain pine forest

Divide 3 tending and intermittent cutting of forest modes to finish, density is big in preceding 2 intermediate cuttings selection standing forest, the domain pine that grows the poorest is individual, comprise that form is the poorest, highly the shortest, the domain pine that grows the slowest is individual and catch an illness individual as the intermediate cutting object, the 3rd time intermediate cutting is eliminated remaining all domain pine individualities, each intensity of intermediate cutting accounts for the 30%-35% of the preceding strain number of intermediate cutting first for felling the strain number, cutting interval is between 3-5, decide according to the closing of crop degree, in closing of crop degree 〉=0.4 o'clock, interval is short, and in crown density＜0.4 o'clock, interval is long, the intermediate cutting activity duration selects carry out autumn and winter, the deciduous species in the intermediate cutting process in forest reservation;

(3) planting site wholely and artificial tree planting

Before the arriving in rainy season July next year, dig whole ground, cave in pine forest tending and intermittent cutting of forest forest land, domain behind each tending and intermittent cutting of forest, seedling cave specification is 40cm * 40cm * 40cm, seeding row spacing 1m * 1.5m; The laggard capable pinus yunnanensis artificial afforestration of arriving rainy season in July, the afforestation nursery stock is adopted the pinus yunnanensis nutritious bag seedling of cultivating in the nursery spring then;

(4) forest land tending management

Claims

1. a transformation method of pine low-efficiency forest on site, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:

(1) Cultivation of high-quality container seedlings of Yunnan pine

Select the excellent provenance of Pine yunnanensis, and raise seedlings in nutritional bags in the nursery in spring. The plastic bags with a height of 13cm and a diameter of 6.15cm are selected for the nutritional bag. The soil in the bag is slightly acidic soil under the pine forest. Before sowing, the seeds of Pine yunnanensis are soaked in warm water at 60°C 24 hours, remove empty grains and impurities, and then disinfect with 0.5% potassium permanganate solution or 1000 times liquid carbendazim solution for 10 minutes, accelerate germination for 2 to 4 hours after disinfection, and then sow 3 to 5 grains in each bag For Yunnan pine seeds, cover with a thin layer of fine soil after sowing, water thoroughly with a watering can, control water after sowing, and prevent rodents and insects from harming;

(2) Tending and thinning of the pine forest on the site

The thinning was done in 3 times. For the first and second thinning, the individuals with the highest density and the worst growth were selected, including the individuals with the worst stem shape, the shortest height, and the slowest growth, and the infected individuals. As the object of thinning, all the remaining Pine pine individuals will be removed for the third time; the intensity of each thinning is 30%-35% of the number of trees before the first thinning, and the cutting interval is 3-5 years, according to the canopy density of the stand When the stand canopy density ≥ 0.4, the interval period is short, when the canopy density < 0.4, the interval period is long, the thinning operation time is selected in autumn and winter, and the broad-leaved tree species in the forest land are reserved during the thinning process;

(3) Site preparation and artificial planting of forest land

Before the onset of the rainy season in July, excavate holes in the open space after tending and thinning the pine forest on the site. The seedlings are the Yunnan pine nutritious bag seedlings cultivated in the nursery in the spring of that year, and the broad-leaved tree species in the forest land are retained during the afforestation process;

(4) Forest land tending management

During the rainy season one month after afforestation and every year within four years after afforestation, Eupatorium adenophorum and other weeds around the afforestation seedlings shall be eradicated manually to prevent pests and diseases and fires, and strict management and protection of forest land shall be implemented to prohibit trampling and damage by humans and animals .