CN104012306A - Establishment method for irrigation test system in forest root division zone - Google Patents
Establishment method for irrigation test system in forest root division zone Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an establishment method for an irrigation test system in a forest root division zone. Seedlings are adopted as root stocks, the parts, more than 10-12 cm away from the ground, of the root stocks are cut off, opposite faces of two adjacent root stocks are obliquely cut to piths, a branch on a seed tree of tree species to be researched is adopted as a scion, the two sides of the scion are obliquely cut and then grafted into the cut surfaces of the two root stocks, and a grafted seedling can have two complete root systems and one shared scion. A root division cultivation device comprising two plastic basins is assembled, nutrient soil or matrixes, of equal quantity, are filled into the two independent plastic basins, the two complete root systems of the grafted seedling are transplanted into the two plastic basins respectively, the grafted seedling is cultivated, and an irrigation test is carried out on the root division zone at the right moment. According to the method, uneven water supply conditions of a forest root system can be simulated, and alternate irrigation of the root division zone can be simulated for relevant researches. The method is applied to researches on alternate irrigation of the root division zone, drought stress, salt stress and other aspects and has important research and application value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for building up of a kind of forest root division district irrigation tests system, the two anvil graftings that are specially by achievements in forest-tree seedling realize root division, and the complete root system after root division is planted in two independently in culture matrix environment, for study the regulatory mechanism of root division district alternate irrigation, drought stress and salt stress on same plant.
Background technology
Root-divided alternative irrigation is to transmit according to the relation of photosynthesis of plant, rising dehydration and Stoma of Leaves aperture and the root system signal under drought condition the modified fertilizer practice of a kind of novel water-saving proposing with its mechanism that pore is regulated, and has been widely used in agriculture and forestry.Present stage root-divided alternative irrigation technology application is comparatively single, concentrating on to gather in the crops reproductive organs is main crops and part fruit tree, the crop application that the blade of take is harvested product is less, therefore by root-divided alternative irrigation technology large-area applications in medicinal leaf class economic crops, realizing the characteristic improvement such as output, medicinal quality, processing quality and ornamental quality becomes current one of the problem that solves that needs.At present, research direction concentrates on the aspects such as the quantitative effect of single-factor effect, short time, lab simulation and water utilization mostly, and the research of the water and fertilizer coupling effect considering for aspects such as multiple-factor, long-time, extensive and output, quality, ecotope effects is less, especially on time and space, study water and fertilizer coupling effect, and water and fertilizer coupling technology is more lacked with the research that water saving Optimal Irrigation combines.Therefore the basic research (for example root-planting method) that, adds strong correlation is main direction of studying from now on.According to the applicant understood, existing root-planting method is all directly root system to be divided into two parts or many parts, this is for some fibrous root system plants, comparatively easily accomplish, but for system of taproot plant, need to before root division, first cut main root, and then lateral root is divided equally into two parts or many parts, be planted in special container.This traditional root-planting method not only needs special device, and survival rate is low, and because will cut main root, the situation that simulating plant normal growth is grown completely, will have a greatly reduced quality as its accuracy of Study system.Therefore, in order to carry out the research of above-mentioned root-divided alternative irrigation technical problem, a kind of main root that neither destroys need to be set up, the novel root-planting method of root division survival rate of plant can be improved again.
Forest is perennial plant, general tree body is comparatively tall and big, root system gos deep into soil, breeding cycle is long, scientific research takes length, takes up an area extensively, and workload is large, environmental factor is larger on the impact of result of the test accuracy, makes to have larger difficulty to carrying out the research of the physiological reaction of forest position irrigation and the regulatory mechanism that grows under field condition.Yet, if the result of study of Photosynthetic characteristics and regulatory mechanism under the inhomogeneous water supply conditions of other root system of plant is applied directly on perennial forest, there is sometimes the problem not conforming to.For example, most results of study confirm under half root drought stress condition that root system can synthesize ABA and regulate stomatal closure, but other research shows to regulate stomatal movement may be other factors, but not are that ABA works.Therefore it is very necessary, setting up a kind of good test system of can Simulation Tree location subregion irrigating.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is the defect existing according to prior art, the method for building up of a kind of forest root division district irrigation tests system is proposed, the root-planting method of easy, the high-servival rate of a kind of system of taproot woody plant that comprises ginkgo was both provided, a kind of suitable test system that research simulation position irrigation that can be good are irrigated by root division district of carrying out was provided again.
The present invention solves technical problem by the following technical programs, and the method for building up of a kind of forest root division district irrigation tests system, comprises the following steps:
Step 1, achievements in forest-tree seedling grafting root-planting, adopt life in 1～2 year, complete, the of the same size seedling of root system as stock, two adjacent strain seedlings are cut apart from part more than ground 10～12cm, and relative one side is splayed to medulla on two strain seedlings, adopt raw or annotinous branch then on the good elite stand of seeds to be studied as scion, after being splayed in scion two sides, grafting is in the bevel of two stocks, obtain double graft, make grafting there are two complete root systems, a shared scion;
Step 2, assembling split-root cultivation device, described split-root cultivation device comprises that two cross sections are semicircular plastic basin, two plastic basin are assembled after fixing and are placed on round tray by screw, by plastics screw, the upper end of two plastic basin is fixed, and in plastic basin, be provided with dust cap, on dust cap, there is the hole that tolerable grafting passes;
Step 3, transplanting grafting, to according to the Nutrition Soil of test requirements document preparation or matrix equivalent, pack two into independently in plastic basin, and two complete root systems of grafting are transplanted to respectively in two plastic basin, cover dust cap, wherein Nutrition Soil or matrix are to select peat soil, earth burning and yellow soil to form according to the ratio mixed preparing of 1:1:1;
Step 4, according to test requirements document, grafting is cultivated, and carried out root division district irrigation tests in good time.During cultivation, the matrix of two plastic basin in left and right is adopted to identical management, as equivalent fertilising, equivalent, water, regularly rotate plastic basin etc.
Adopt grafting root-planting seedling-cultivating method, survival rate is high, can reach more than 95%, the double graft obtaining has a public scion and two complete root systems, and the genetic background of scion and root system is identical, there is important research and using value, can be used for root division district alternate irrigation, root division drought stress and import the research of allogenic material to the strong forest physiology aspect of the system of taproot from stem.
The present invention also solves technical problem by following technical measures:
The method for building up of aforementioned forest root division district irrigation tests system, wherein forest is selected ginkgo, and the concrete steps of ginkgo seedling grafting root-planting method are as follows:
(1) seedling plantation and preparation, spring is by gingko seeds vernalization under 20～30 ℃ of conditions, the point of being completely cured after seed base-root grows to 1.0 ~ 2.0cm, while being completely cured point, will partly remove apart from the tip of a root of radicle tip 0.2 ~ 0.5cm, adopt the sowing of wide-and narrow-row program request method, and select two strains are in the same size, root system is complete seedling as stock autumn, and select on ginkgo elite stand that raw or annotinous branch is as scion then, the stem of scion and stock is slightly suitable;
(2) grafting and root division, cut stock apart from part more than ground 10～12cm, and in the relative one side of two strain stocks from the cutter of splaying from bottom to top of 3cm under clip, make bevel cross stock medulla; On the contrary two sides of scion from the wedge shape edge of a knife that the bevel with stock matches of splaying from bottom to top of 1cm under bastem, and scion is cut apart from part more than edge of a knife 2cm, scion is clipped in the bevel of two stocks, and scion is aimed at the formation layer of stock, adopt electrician's friction tape wrapping stock and scion junction;
(3) the cultivation after grafting, to the plant grafting water, the field management such as fertilising, weeding, and after plant rudiment in spring next year, remove wrapping, the cultivation through after a while obtains having the plant of two complete root systems, and plantlet of transplant is entered in split-root cultivation device.After grafting, the field management method of plant comprises the following steps: 1. water, grafting finishes rear horse back and waters water one time, to improve the survival rate of plant; 2. check, the plant of autumn in summer grafting, all sprouts are full, dark green, fresh, petiole touches does not fall person, illustrate that plant survives, otherwise do not survive, and should mend and transfer in time; 3. except sprouting (bud picking), at growing period, the shoot of stock germinating is at least removed 3～5 times; 4. cut anvil, after grafting survival, wipe out the side shoot on stock, the face of cutting wants level and smooth; 5. solution is tied up, the plant of autumn in summer grafting, April in next year solution tie up, and large area solution can cut off plastics hymeniderm with blade while tying up, and allows it peel off voluntarily; 6. tie up the tip, the sturdy branch of selecting more than 50 cm carries out bondage, to prevent young sprout interface by windbreak or to touch disconnected.In addition, grafting in autumn temperature is higher, as long as keep suitable humidity, carries out in time the control measures such as weeding, fertilising, and interface just can quickly-healing, and scion also can rudiment, but can solution tie up after the rudiment of spring next year.
The method for building up of aforementioned forest root division district irrigation tests system, wherein said step (1) in, the concrete operations of wide-and narrow-row program request method are wide row 40cm, narrow row 15cm, cave is apart from 6cm, two gingko seedses of every cave spacing 3～4cm program request, and the radicle of two seeds is staggered relatively.
The method for building up of aforementioned forest root division district irrigation tests system, the wherein said step (2) bevel of middle stock is selected smooth one side.
The method for building up of aforementioned forest root division district irrigation tests system, wherein said step (3) in, after transplanting, above the interface of plant, retain 2 full bud cutting backs, and after the rudiment of bud cutting back, retain a young sprout.
The method for building up of aforementioned forest root division district irrigation tests system, wherein said gingko seeds is to pick up from full seed on scion elite stand, substantial, same strain ginkgo elite stand is picked up from described scion, and take then well-developed annual young sprout as good, for preventing scion dehydration, scion adopts that to need to remove immediately blade after lower fresh-keeping.
The method for building up of aforementioned forest root division district irrigation tests system, in wherein said step 4, when the young sprout of grafting grows to 30cm, plant is carried out to half root drought stress processes 7～10 days, concrete operations are as follows: adopt portable flow of water instrument monitoring soil water potential, and split-root cultivation device plastic basin is fully poured water, make maintain-0.02 ± 0.005MPa of soil water potential in plastic basin, another plastic basin restriction is poured water, and the flow of water of soil in plastic basin is maintained-below 0.04MPa; Plant is carried out to full root drought stress and processes 7～10 days, two of split-root cultivation device plastic basin restrictions are poured water, make soil water potential in plastic basin maintain-below 0.04MPa; Plant is fully poured water and processed 7～10 days, make the maintain-0.02 ± 0.005MPa of the flow of water of soil in plastic basin.
The method for building up of aforementioned forest root division district irrigation tests system, in wherein said step 4, when the young sprout of grafting grows to 30cm, the following part of a root system collar for plant is removed, remaining plants stems section is inserted and is equipped with in the valve bag that imports solution, and bondage valve bag and stem section.In addition, after stating the following part of plant root collar and removing, will in remaining stem Duan Shui, soak 1～2 minute, cut stem section lower end a bit of, then stem section is inserted to valve bag.
Advantage of the present invention is:
1. adopt semicircle plastic basin to form two independently growing spaces, and below plastic basin, be lined with pallet, be stamped dust cap above, uniformity and the controllability of plant external environmental condition have been guaranteed, solved that the error that the land for growing field crops root division researchs such as forest, orchard fruit exist is large, precision is low, environmental factor is controlled difficult problem, avoid occurring the classification of existing root division root system root chamber not thoroughly, the phenomenon such as complex operation step;
2. simple to operate, survival rate is high, and the root division survival rate of this method and success rate, all more than 95%, are significantly increased than traditional root division survival rate (70% left and right), do not need special root division device, simple and practical;
3. the forest system of fibrous root is flourishing, can locate the upgrowth situation under subregion irrigation conditions by more accurate Simulation Tree, grafting part root place and root system have certain distance, are applicable to accurate water culture experiment and the research of subregion position irrigation, can keep the mutual independence between different disposal;
4. adopt the scion with identical genetic background, can dwindle the difference existing between individuality, and plant both sides root growth situation is very clear, be conducive to choose the consistent minute offspring of both sides root growth as test, reduced experimental error;
5. perennial forest is selected in test, compare with annual crop, aspect Root Distribution, nutritional utilization and rich water quality management, having essential distinction, Tree root growth has for many years growth continuously, vertical distribution is dark, horizontal distribution is wide, early spring root system growth mainly rely on the stored nutrient of self, the rich water of part can meet the features such as whole tree bulk-growth demand; The object of plant roots chamber observing system and dynamically researching in-situ root system is all growths of simulated soil environmental observation root system and occurs dynamically, and the present invention is on the basis of Simulation Tree root soil environmental condition, impact and water utilization and regulatory mechanism that research is grown on root system and above-ground organs according to Different Irrigation position;
6. adopt the double graft according to two complete root systems, can reduce the height of plant, utilize split-root cultivation device can keep uniformity and the controllability of environmental condition, and adopt the identical scion of genetic background can reduce the error that seed seedling genetic variation and genetic differentiation causes;
7. double graft skin is formed to the potted plant with two complete root systems, adopt the inhomogeneous water supply conditions of root division drought stress method simulation root system, can control well root system soil moisture content around, and the environmental conditions such as easy controlled light, temperature, humidity, form the technical system that under a brand-new inhomogeneous water supply conditions of research fine-root, Physiology and biochemistry hardens, be applicable to the research under relevant forest root position irrigation condition;
8. also can adopt the nutrient solution simulating drought of PEG-6000 to coerce in addition, make part root system in drought stress situation, and other root system is in the good water state that supplies, overcome the defect of root system in inhomogeneous water regime under field condition, can reach quickly and accurately desired drought stress degree, realize the simulation that position irrigation Water Under divides supply.
In a word, test system of the present invention not only can the inhomogeneous water supply conditions of Simulation Tree root system, can also simulate root division district alternate irrigation and carry out the research of relevant physiological reaction and Regulation Mechanism, be applicable to system of taproot forest and carry out the research of the aspects such as root division district alternate irrigation, root division district drought stress, salt stress, there is important research and using value.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of ginkgo grafting root-planting method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the decomposition texture schematic diagram of split-root cultivation device in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the rear split-root cultivation device of assembling in the present invention.
Fig. 4 be in the present invention split-root cultivation device plant before the structural representation of grafting.
Fig. 5 be in the present invention split-root cultivation device plant after the structural representation of grafting.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 2, split-root cultivation device of the present invention is mainly that semicircular plastic basin 1 forms by two cross sections, sidewall 2 middle parts adjacent in two plastic basin 1 are shaped with the groove 3 for fixing grafting shoot root stem, and on sidewall 2, be positioned at groove 3 both sides and be shaped with screwed hole 4, by screwed hole 4 and the screw 5 that is equipped with screwed hole 4, nut 6 is fixedly assembled two plastic basin 1, form a split-root cultivation device (see figure 3) completing, then split-root cultivation device is placed on round tray, round tray is comprised of two semi-discs 7, by plastics screw 5, the upper end of two plastic basin 1 is fixed, and be provided with dust cap in plastic basin 1, on dust cap, there is the hole that tolerable grafting passes
Embodiment mono-
From scion elite stand, gather and enrich full gingko seeds, this gingko seeds is in (at the beginning of 3 months) vernalization under 20～30 ℃ of temperature condition in spring, the point of being completely cured after radicle grows to 1.0 ~ 2.0cm, while being completely cured point, depending on radicle length, will partly remove apart from the tip of a root of radicle tip 0.2 ~ 0.5cm, and adopt wide-and narrow-row program request method by planting seed, concrete operations are wide row 40cm, narrow row 15cm, cave is apart from 6cm, two gingko seedses of interval 3～4cm program request in every cave, and the radicle of two gingko seedses is staggered relatively.
Autumn, generally select mid-August to mid or late September, the seedling that selection size is basically identical, root system is complete is as grafting stock, and select raw, well-developed branch then on same strain ginkgo elite stand as scion, the stem of scion is slightly basically identical with stock, after scion harvesting is lower, should remove immediately blade, to prevent scion dehydration.Grafting process as shown in Figure 1, to on stock, apart from part more than ground 10～12cm, cut, and (select smooth one side) in the relative one side of adjacent two strain stocks as far as possible, the cutter of splaying from bottom to top from the position of the downward 3cm of clip, and make this bevel by stock medulla, the wedge shape edge of a knife matching with stock bevel of simultaneously cutting sth. askew from bottom to top from the position of the downward 1cm of bastem in the opposite sides of scion, to in scion, apart from part more than lower wedge shape edge of a knife 2cm, cut again, make scion wedge shape edge of a knife upper end retain 2cm, then the wedge shape edge of a knife of scion is clipped in the middle of the bevel of adjacent two stocks, after the formation layer of the two is aimed at, adopt the junction of the wrapping scion of electrician's friction tape and stock, through cultivating, obtain having a shared scion, the double graft of two complete root systems.
By the plant grafting according to single graft seedling water, the field management such as fertilising, weeding, and after plant rudiment in spring next year (March), remove wrapping, obtain having the plant of two complete root systems.The wherein concrete operations of the field management of plant after grafting: 1. water, grafting finishes rear horse back and waters water one time, to improve the survival rate of plant; 2. check, the plant of autumn in summer grafting, all sprouts are full, dark green, fresh, petiole touches does not fall person, survive, otherwise do not survive, and should mend and transfer in time; 3. except sprouting (bud picking), at growing period, the shoot of stock germinating is at least removed 3～5 times; 4. cut anvil, after grafting survival, wipe out the side shoot on stock, also can prune in autumn and winter, the face of cutting wants level and smooth; 5. solution is tied up, the plant of autumn in summer grafting, April in next year solution tie up, when large area solution is tied up, can cut off plastics hymeniderm with blade, allow it peel off voluntarily; 6. tie up the tip, the sturdy branch of selecting more than 50 cm carries out bondage, to prevent young sprout interface by windbreak or to touch disconnected.In addition, grafting in autumn temperature is higher, as long as keep suitable humidity, carries out in time the control measures such as weeding, fertilising, and interface just can quickly-healing, and scion also can rudiment, but can solution tie up after the rudiment of spring next year.Assembling split-root cultivation device, the upper end that by two cross sections is semicircular plastic basin or nutritive cube 1 is fixed together by screw 5, nut 6, lower end at two plastic basin or nutritive cube 1 is lined with pallet, and dust cap is stamped in upper end, has the hole that tolerable plants stems stalk passes on dust cap.The plant 8 with two complete root systems is moved into (see figure 4) in the plastic basin of 16cm * 16cm (diameter * height) or nutritive cube 1, and according to test requirements document configuration Nutrition Soil 9, Nutrition Soil 9 is to select peat soil, earth burning and yellow soil to form according to the ratio mixed preparing of 1:1:1, and packs the Nutrition Soil configuring 9 equivalent in two plastic basin or nutritive cube 1 (see figure 5).Unnecessary bud cutting back is removed in interface (grafting interface) top plant after transplanting, only retains two full bud cutting backs, and through cultivation after a while, the rudiment of bud cutting back, removes one of them, only retains a young sprout.During cultivation, the matrix of two plastic basin in left and right is adopted to identical management, as equivalent fertilising, equivalent, water, regularly rotate plastic basin etc.
Early June, young sprout, through growing and grow to 30cm left and right after a while, selects two growth neat and consistent, well healed,nonsymptomatic potted plants to carry out respectively half root drought stress processing and full root drought stress processing.When half root drought stress is processed, adopt portable flow of water instrument (the Irrometer Company of Watermark935234 type, USA) monitoring soil water potential, and potted plant plastic basin or nutritive cube are fully poured water, to maintain soil water potential in-0.02MPa left and right (generally within the scope of-0.02 ± 0.005MPa), the restriction of another plastic basin or nutritive cube is poured water, with maintain soil water potential-(for example-0.05MPa) below 0.04MPa; When full root drought stress is processed, two of plant plastic basin or nutritive cube are all limited and are poured water, with maintain soil water potential-(for example-0.05MPa) below 0.04MPa.In addition, select again a growth neat and consistent, well healed,nonsymptomatic potted plant as a control group, two plastic basin or nutritive cube are fully poured water, to maintain soil water potential in-0.02MPa left and right (generally within the scope of-0.02 ± 0.005MPa), thereby carry out comparative study.Above-mentioned three potted plants all continue to process 9d, and then for ginkgo, leaf water potential, net photosynthetic rate and the relevant parameter Variation Features etc. under half root, full root Water Stress Conditions are studied.
Embodiment bis-
Gather substantial full gingko seeds on scion elite stand, and by seed in (at the beginning of 3 months) vernalization under 20～30 ℃ of conditions in spring, treat that radicle grows to 1.0 ~ 2.0cm, depending on radicle length, the tip of a root apart from radicle tip 0.2 ~ 0.5cm is partly removed, adopt the sowing of wide-and narrow-row program request method, wide row 40cm, narrow row 15cm, cave is apart from 6cm, two gingko seedses of interval 3～4cm program request in every cave, and the radicle of two gingko seedses is staggered relatively.
Autumn, generally select mid-August to mid or late September, select seedling in the same size, root system is complete as grafting stock, and select on same strain ginkgo elite stand then well-developed annual young sprout as scion, the stem of scion slightly will equate substantially with stock, scion is removed blade after plucking immediately, prevents scion dehydration.As shown in Figure 1, will on stock, apart from part more than ground 10～12cm, cut, and (select smooth one side) as far as possible in the relative one side of adjacent two strain stocks, the cutter of splaying from bottom to top from the position of the downward 3cm of clip, makes this bevel by stock medulla; The wedge shape edge of a knife matching with stock bevel of cutting sth. askew from bottom to top from the position of the downward 1cm of bastem in the opposite sides of scion, to in scion, apart from part more than lower wedge shape edge of a knife 2cm, cut again, make scion wedge shape edge of a knife upper end retain 2cm, then the wedge shape edge of a knife of scion is clipped in the middle of the bevel of adjacent two stocks, after the formation layer of the two is aimed at, adopt the junction of the wrapping scion of electrician's friction tape and stock, through cultivating, obtain having the double graft of a shared scion, two complete root systems.
By the plant grafting according to single graft seedling water, the field management such as fertilising, weeding, and after plant rudiment in spring next year (March), remove wrapping, obtain having the plant of two complete root systems.The wherein concrete operations of the field management of plant after grafting: 1. water, grafting finishes rear horse back and waters water one time, to improve the survival rate of plant; 2. check, the plant of autumn in summer grafting, all sprouts are full, dark green, fresh, petiole touches does not fall person, survive, otherwise do not survive, and should mend and transfer in time; 3. except sprouting (bud picking), at growing period, the shoot of stock germinating is at least removed 3～5 times; 4. cut anvil, after grafting survival, wipe out the side shoot on stock, also can prune in autumn and winter, the face of cutting wants level and smooth; 5. solution is tied up, the plant of autumn in summer grafting, April in next year solution tie up, when large area solution is tied up, can cut off plastics hymeniderm with blade, allow it peel off voluntarily; 6. tie up the tip, the sturdy branch of selecting more than 50 cm carries out bondage, to prevent young sprout interface by windbreak or to touch disconnected.In addition, grafting in autumn temperature is higher, as long as keep suitable humidity, carries out in time the control measures such as weeding, fertilising, and interface just can quickly-healing, and scion also can rudiment, but can solution tie up after the rudiment of spring next year.Assembling split-root cultivation device, the upper end that by two cross sections is semicircular plastic basin or nutritive cube 1 is fixed together by screw 5, nut 6, lower end at two plastic basin or nutritive cube 1 is lined with pallet, and dust cap is stamped in upper end, has the hole that tolerable plants stems stalk passes on dust cap.The plant 8 with two complete root systems is moved into (see figure 4) in the nutritive cube 1 of 16cm * 16cm (diameter * height), according to test requirements document configuration matrix 9, matrix 9 is to select peat soil, earth burning and yellow soil according to the ratio mixed preparing of 1:1:1, form and pack the matrix configuring 9 equivalent in two plastic basin or nutritive cube 1 (see figure 5).After transplanting, above the interface of plant, retain two full bud cutting backs, through cultivation after a while, the rudiment of bud cutting back, retains a young sprout.During cultivation, the matrix of two plastic basin in left and right is adopted to identical management, as equivalent fertilising, equivalent, water, regularly rotate plastic basin etc.Late July, through the young sprout that grows after a while, grow to 30cm left and right, on above-mentioned potted plant, carry out under half root and full root drought stress condition exogenous NO gas in ginkgo seedling blade
3 -test on photosynthesis impact.
Select three growth neat and consistent, well healed,nonsymptomatic potted plant, and at post sunset, one of them part below root system collar of plant is removed, then the root system stem section of removing the following part of collar is inserted to three 40ml variable concentrations NaNO is housed
3import in the plastics valve bag of solution and bondage valve bag and stem section, wherein NaNO
3solution has 0 mM(as a control group), 3mM, tri-concentration gradients of 50mM.In addition, in order to stop bubble to enter plant xylem vessel, affect NaNO
3the absorption of solution, can cut stem section lower end a bit of (about 1cm) by removing after the following stem section partly of collar be immersed in the water 1～2 minute, then insert in valve bag.After stem section is inserted valve bag, 12h measures the dynamic relevant parameter of plant leaf photosynthesis diurnal variation, simultaneously NR activity and NO in sampling and measuring blade
3 -content, in order to study stem, import variable concentrations NaNO
3, NO active to NR in blade
3 -content and the impact of leaf photosynthesis.
In addition, select four growth neat and consistent, well healed,nonsymptomatic potted plant, and at post sunset, one of them part below root system collar of plant is removed, then the root system stem section of removing the following part of collar is inserted to four and is equipped with in the different plastics valve bags that import solution of 40ml and bondage valve bag and stem section, wherein import solution and be: 0 mM(is as a control group), 3mM NaNO
3, 0.3mM Na
2wO
4, 3mM NaNO
3+ 0.3mM Na
2wO
4.After stem section is inserted valve bag, 12h measures the dynamic relevant parameter of plant leaf photosynthesis diurnal variation, simultaneously NR activity and NO in sampling and measuring blade
3 -content, for suppressing blade NR activity, study afterwards the exogenous NO gas accumulating in blade
3 -impact on leaf photosynthesis.
Claims (10)
1. a method for building up for forest root division district irrigation tests system, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Step 1, achievements in forest-tree seedling grafting root-planting, adopt life in 1～2 year, complete, the of the same size seedling of root system as stock, two adjacent strain seedlings are cut apart from part more than ground 10～12cm, and relative one side is splayed to medulla on two strain seedlings, adopt raw or annotinous branch then on the good elite stand of seeds to be studied as scion, after being splayed in scion two sides, grafting, in the bevel of two stocks, makes grafting have two complete root systems, a shared scion;
Step 2, assembling split-root cultivation device, described split-root cultivation device comprises that two cross sections are semicircular plastic basin, two plastic basin assemble after fixing and is placed on round tray by screw, and be provided with dust cap in plastic basin;
Step 3, transplant grafting, will according to the Nutrition Soil of test requirements document preparation or matrix equivalent, pack two into independently in plastic basin, and two complete root systems of grafting are transplanted to respectively in two plastic basin, cover dust cap;
Step 4, according to test requirements document, grafting is cultivated, and carried out root division district irrigation tests in good time.
2. the method for building up of forest root division district irrigation tests system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step 1, forest is selected ginkgo, and the concrete steps of described ginkgo seedling grafting root-planting method are as follows:
(1) seedling plantation and preparation, spring is by gingko seeds vernalization under 20～30 ℃ of conditions, the point of being completely cured after seed base-root grows to 1.0 ~ 2.0cm, adopt the sowing of wide-and narrow-row program request method, and select two strains are in the same size, root system is complete seedling as stock autumn, on selection ginkgo elite stand, life then or annotinous branch are as scion, and the stem of scion and stock is slightly suitable;
(2) grafting and root division, cut stock apart from part more than ground 10～12cm, and in the relative one side of two strain stocks from the cutter of splaying from bottom to top of 3cm under clip, make bevel cross stock medulla; On the contrary two sides of scion from the wedge shape edge of a knife that the bevel with stock matches of splaying from bottom to top of 1cm under bastem, and scion is cut apart from part more than edge of a knife 2cm, scion is clipped in the bevel of two stocks, and scion is aimed at the formation layer of stock, adopt electrician's friction tape wrapping stock and scion junction;
(3) the cultivation after grafting, carries out field management to the plant grafting, and removes wrapping after plant rudiment in spring next year, obtains having the plant of two complete root systems, and plantlet of transplant is entered in split-root cultivation device.
3. the method for building up of forest root division district irrigation tests system according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described step (1) in, the concrete operations of wide-and narrow-row program request method are wide row 40cm, narrow row 15cm, cave is apart from 6cm, two gingko seedses of every cave spacing 3～4cm program request, and the radicle of two seeds is staggered relatively.
4. the method for building up of forest root division district irrigation tests system according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described step (2) in the bevel of stock select smooth one side.
5. the method for building up of forest root division district irrigation tests system according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described step (3) in, after transplanting, above the interface of plant, retain 2 full bud cutting backs, and after the rudiment of bud cutting back, retain a young sprout.
6. the method for building up of forest root division district irrigation tests system according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described gingko seeds is to pick up from full seed on scion elite stand, substantial, same strain ginkgo elite stand is picked up from described scion, and take then well-developed annual young sprout as good, scion adopts that to need to remove blade after lower fresh-keeping.
7. the method for building up of forest root division district irrigation tests system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step 4, when the young sprout of grafting grows to 30cm, plant is carried out to half root drought stress processes 7～10 days, concrete operations are as follows: adopt portable flow of water instrument monitoring soil water potential, and split-root cultivation device plastic basin is fully poured water, make maintain-0.02 ± 0.005MPa of soil water potential in plastic basin, another plastic basin restriction is poured water, and the flow of water of soil in plastic basin is maintained-below 0.04MPa; Plant is carried out to full root drought stress and processes 7～10 days, two of split-root cultivation device plastic basin restrictions are poured water, make soil water potential in plastic basin maintain-below 0.04MPa; Plant is fully poured water and processed 7～10 days, make the maintain-0.02 ± 0.005MPa of the flow of water of soil in plastic basin.
8. the method for building up of forest root division district irrigation tests system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step 4, when the young sprout of grafting grows to 30cm, the following part of a root system collar for plant is removed, remaining plants stems section is inserted and is equipped with in the valve bag that imports solution, and bondage valve bag and stem section.
9. the method for building up of forest root division district irrigation tests system according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: after the following part of described plant root collar is removed, to in remaining stem Duan Shui, soak 1～2 minute, cut stem section lower end a bit of, then stem section is inserted to valve bag.
10. the method for building up of forest root division district irrigation tests system according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described step (1) in, while being completely cured point, will partly remove apart from the tip of a root of radicle tip 0.2 ~ 0.5cm.
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| CN114391383A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-26 | 山东志昌农业科技发展股份有限公司 | Method for improving quality of grape fruits through double-root separation control |
| CN114568269A (en) * | 2022-04-11 | 2022-06-03 | 广州大学 | Multi-area circulating alternate drip irrigation method |
| CN114568270A (en) * | 2022-04-18 | 2022-06-03 | 广州大学 | Irrigation method of alternative irrigation system for near-far root zone |
| CN114568270B (en) * | 2022-04-18 | 2023-01-31 | 广州大学 | Irrigation method of alternative irrigation system for near-far root zone |
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