CN114568270A - Irrigation method of alternative irrigation system for near-far root zone - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an irrigation method of an alternative irrigation system of a far and near root zone, which comprises the following steps of planting crops; laying equipment, namely arranging and embedding the water, fertilizer and gas integrated drip irrigation pipes in a spiral line in a planting hole, wherein the geometric circle center of each drip irrigation pipe is superposed with the planting center of a crop; dividing root areas, namely dividing the root system into a near root area and a far root area on a horizontal area, calling the root system close to the center of a root disc as the near root area, calling the root system far away from the center of the root disc as the far root area, inserting a drip irrigation pipe into a drip irrigation device for water, fertilizer and gas irrigation, and acquiring the water content of a corresponding wet point by using a soil probe; step four: dry-wet definition, namely taking the average soil moisture content detected by a soil probe in the same root zone as the soil moisture content of the root zone; step five: alternately irrigating the near and far root regions. The invention divides the root system of the crop into a far root zone and a near root zone, and alternately carries out drip irrigation on the far root zone and the near root zone, thereby achieving the effects of high efficiency and water saving without sacrificing the photosynthetic products of the crop and ensuring sufficient and uniform irrigation.

Description

Irrigation method of alternate irrigation system of far and near root zone

technical field

The invention relates to the field of agricultural irrigation, in particular to an irrigation method of an alternate irrigation system of far and near root zones.

Background technique

Alternate root zone irrigation, also known as controlled root zone alternate irrigation, is an irrigation method that alternately irrigates part of the root zone during certain or all growth periods of plants, while the rest of the root zone is artificially subjected to water stress.

At present, many studies have been carried out on the alternate drip irrigation of sub-root zones. Due to the limitation of alternate irrigation facilities for sub-root zones, the root zone division method is mainly 1/2 division, and the root zone is only divided into left and right sides. For some plants with uneven root system distribution and large water demand, there are problems of uneven and insufficient irrigation in alternate root zone irrigation from the left and right sides of the root system.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The object of the present invention is to provide an irrigation method of a far and near root zone alternate irrigation system, which divides the crop root system into a far root zone and a near root zone, and through the integrated drip irrigation system of water, fertilizer and gas, alternately drip irrigation to the far and near root zones, effectively solving the problem of irrigation. inequity and inadequacy.

The present invention provides an irrigation method of a far and near root zone alternate irrigation system, comprising the following steps:

Step 1: Plant the crops

When planting, the crops are planted deep, 30-40cm deep, to improve their lodging resistance.

Step 2: Equipment Laying

The water, fertilizer and gas integrated drip irrigation pipe is arranged in a vortex line and buried in the planting hole. The geometric center of the drip irrigation pipe coincides with the planting center of the crop. When buried, it should be ensured that the roots of the crop are all rooted in the vertical direction. the soil layer under the drip irrigation pipe;

Step 3: Root Zone Division

The root system is divided into the far and near root zone on the horizontal area, the root system close to the center of the root disk is called the near-root zone, and the root system far from the center of the root disk is called the far-root zone; the radial partition method is used to drip irrigation with the water, fertilizer and gas. The tube is divided into multiple circle areas, each circle of vortex line corresponds to a circle area, sorted from inside to outside, followed by the first circle area, the second circle area, the third circle area, the fourth circle area, and the fifth circle area. , each said circle area is equidistantly punched, and a plurality of drip irrigation devices are installed, and each said drip irrigation device can be irrigated with water, fertilizer and gas and contains a soil probe to obtain the moisture content of the corresponding wet point;

Step 4: Definition of Wet and Dry

The average soil moisture content detected by all the soil probes in the same root zone is the soil moisture content of the root zone, represented by E;

(1) Dry area: when E<a, the soil in this area is determined to be dry soil, where a is the upper limit of drought stress. When the soil moisture content is lower than this value, the root system will experience drought stress effect, and the value is determined by the type of crops. , generally take 25%-40%;

(2) Wet area: when E>c, the soil in this area is determined to be wet soil, where c is the optimum soil moisture content for root growth, which is determined by the type of crops, generally 55%-85%;

(3) When E<b, it is determined that the water loss in the dry area is serious, which will affect the normal growth of crops, where b is the lower limit of drought stress, and the root system cannot grow normally when the soil moisture content is lower than this value, and the value is determined by the crop. Type decision, generally take 15%-20%;

Step 5: Alternate irrigation between the far and near root zones

The specific process is as follows:

S1: Set the drip irrigators in the same root zone to perform the same irrigation decision;

S2: all the soil probes obtain the average soil moisture content E of the root zone in real time every day;

S3: The system sets the near-root area (corresponding to the second circle area) as the wet area, and the far-root area (corresponding to the fifth circle area) as the dry area. Due to the lateral infiltration of water and fertilizer, the adjacent third and fourth circle areas are semi-dry areas. wet area;

S4: when E<a in the wet zone is detected, the drip irrigator valve in the wet zone is opened, and water, fertilizer and gas irrigation is carried out; when E>c in the wet zone is detected, the drip irrigator valve is closed, and the irrigation is ended;

S5: When E<b in the dry area is detected, the system replaces the dry area and the wet area on the second day;

S6: Return to S4, and repeat the steps S4-S6, so that the distal root zone and the proximal root zone alternately dry.

Further, in step 1, the stem of the crop needs to be placed in the center of the planting hole, and when filling the soil, a drip irrigation pipe is reserved at a depth of 10 cm.

Further, after the equipment is laid in step 2, other drip irrigation facilities are installed, and the drip irrigation system is debugged.

Further, the correspondence of the circle area in step 3 is flexibly selected and switched according to the growth of the root system, when in the early stage of root growth, the first circle area corresponds to the near root area and the third circle area corresponds to the far root area; The ring area corresponds to the near root area and the fourth ring area corresponds to the distal root area; when the root system is in the growth and maturity stage, the root disk is larger, the second ring area corresponds to the near root area and the fifth ring area corresponds to the distal root area.

Further, the end of the drip irrigation pipe close to the center of the root disk is installed with a closed plug, the end of the drip irrigation pipe away from the center of the root disk is connected with a liquid-gas integration device, and the drip irrigation device is installed in the drip irrigation pipe. On the pipe, the soil probe is installed on the bottom surface of the drip irrigation device.

Further, the drip irrigation pipe includes a drip pipe and an air irrigation pipe, and the liquid-gas integration device includes a filter connected with the drip pipe and an air intake pipe connected with the air irrigation pipe, and the filter is far away from the air intake pipe. An end surface of the drip pipe is connected with a liquid inlet pipe, and the liquid inlet pipe is connected with the air inlet pipe through a pressure type air valve.

Further, a booster pump, a micro-nano bubble generator and a gas tank are sequentially connected to one end of the air inlet pipe away from the gas filling pipe, and a gas solenoid valve is arranged between the air inlet pipe and the booster air pump.

Further, one end of the liquid inlet pipe away from the filter is connected with a water, fertilizer and liquid integration machine, and a water solenoid valve is arranged between the liquid inlet pipe and the water, fertilizer and liquid integration machine.

Further, the drip irrigation device includes a flow control valve that communicates with the air irrigation pipe through an air conduit, and a position of the flow control valve close to the scroll-type drip tube is provided with a connection with the drip tube. A liquid catheter, a capillary tube is installed on the side of the flow control valve, and a dripper is connected to the end of the capillary tube away from the flow control valve.

Further, an intelligent control system is included, which controls the switches of the water solenoid valve and the gas solenoid valve to provide water and fertilizer liquid and gas for the drip irrigation device; the intelligent control system receives the detection signal of the soil probe , to obtain soil information; the intelligent control system makes a strategy of alternate root zone irrigation according to irrigation requirements, and sends out an execution signal.

The irrigation is sufficient and uniform, and the drip irrigation pipes are arranged in a vortex line from the inside to the outside along the main root of the plant as the center of the circle, so as to ensure the drip irrigation of the far and near root zones alternately, and achieve the effect of high efficiency and water saving without sacrificing the photosynthetic products of the crops.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description The drawings are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is the working flow chart of drip irrigation device of the present invention;

2 is a schematic diagram of the division of the drip irrigation pipe circle area of the present invention;

3 is a schematic structural diagram of the drip irrigation device of the present invention;

4 is a schematic structural diagram of the drip irrigation device of the present invention;

Description of reference numbers:

In the picture: 1- liquid inlet pipe, 2- filter, 3- scroll drip tube, 4- drip irrigation device, 5- air filling hole, 6- drip hole, 7- pressure air valve, 8- inlet Trachea, 9-scroll line type gas filling pipe, 10-sealed water port plug, 11-sealed air port plug, 12-capillary tube, 13-dripper, 14-drip arrow, 15-air pipe, 16-flow control valve, 17- soil probe;

Detailed ways

The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "top", "bottom", "front", " Or The positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined as "first", "second" may expressly or implicitly include one or more of said features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise expressly and specifically defined. In addition, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be It is directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific situations.

Example 1

As shown in Figure 1-Figure 4:

The present embodiment provides an irrigation method for a far and near root zone alternate irrigation system, characterized in that it includes the following steps:

Step 1, planting crops, planting the crops 30-40 cm deep to improve its lodging resistance, the stems of the crops need to be placed in the center of the planting hole, and when filling the soil, reserve a depth of about 10 cm to bury the water, fertilizer and gas integrated drip irrigation pipe;

Step 2, equipment laying, the vortex line drip irrigation pipe is buried in the planting hole, and its geometric center coincides with the planting center and is about 10cm away from the surface. When burying, it should be ensured that the roots of the crops are all tied to the drip irrigation device 4 in the vertical direction. Not far from the lower soil layer, after the burial is completed, install other drip irrigation facilities and debug the drip irrigation system;

Step 3: The root zone is divided, and the root system close to the center of the root disk is called the near-root zone, and the root system far from the center of the root disk is called the far-root zone;

As shown in Figure 2, the drip irrigation pipe is divided into five circle areas using the radial partition method, and each circle of vortex lines corresponds to a circle area, which is sorted from the inside to the outside, which are the first circle area, the second circle area, and the first circle area. The 3rd circle area, the 4th circle area and the 5th circle area, each circle area is equidistantly punched, and the drip irrigation device 4 is installed. moisture content.

The correspondence of the circle area is flexibly selected and switched according to the growth of the root system. In the early stage of root growth, the first circle area corresponds to the near root area and the third circle area corresponds to the far root area; when the root system is in the middle stage of growth, the second circle area corresponds to the near root area. The fourth circle corresponds to the far root region; the root disk is larger when the root system is in the growth and maturity stage, the second circle corresponds to the near root region and the fifth circle corresponds to the far root region.

Step 4, the definition of dry and wet zones, take the average soil moisture content detected by the soil probes 17 of all the drip irrigation devices 4 in the same root zone as the soil moisture content of the root zone, denoted by E;

(1) Dry area: when E<a, the soil in this area is determined to be dry soil. Among them, a is the upper limit of drought stress. When the soil moisture content is lower than this value, the root system will have drought stress effect. The value is determined by the type of crop, generally 25%-40%;

(2) Wet area: when E>c, the soil in this area is determined to be wet soil. Among them, the value of c is the optimum soil moisture content for root growth, which is determined by the type of crop, generally 55%-85%;

(3) When E<b, it is determined that the water loss in the dry area is serious, which will affect the normal growth of crops. Among them, b is the lower limit of drought stress. When the soil moisture content is lower than this value, the root system cannot grow normally. The value is determined by the type of crop, generally 15%-20%;

Step 5: Alternately irrigate the far and near root zones, and flexibly select and switch the correspondence of the circle zone according to the growth of the root system;

By controlling the two circle areas of the drip irrigation pipe, the normal water, fertilizer and air drip irrigation strategy is implemented alternately, so that the far root area and the near root area alternately dry and suffer from drought stress. Taking the root system as an example, the drip irrigation process is as follows:

S1: set the drip irrigation device 4 of the same root zone to perform the same irrigation decision;

S2: the soil probes 17 of all drip irrigators 4 obtain the average soil moisture content E of the root zone in real time every day;

S3: The system sets the near-root area (corresponding to the second circle area) as the wet area, and the far-root area (corresponding to the fifth circle area) as the dry area. Due to the lateral infiltration of water and fertilizer, the adjacent third and fourth circle areas are semi-dry areas. wet area;

S4: When E<a in the wet area, the drip irrigation device 4 valve in the wet area is opened to carry out water, fertilizer and gas irrigation. When E>c in the wet area, the valve of drip irrigation device 4 is closed to end the irrigation;

S5: When E<b in the dry area is detected, the system replaces the dry area and the wet area on the second day;

S6: Return to S4, and repeat steps S4-S6. This results in alternate dryness between the distal root zone and the proximal root zone.

As shown in FIG. 3, the present embodiment provides an alternate drip irrigation system for the far and near root zones, including drip irrigation pipes arranged in a spiral line from the inside to the outside along the main root of the plant, and a plurality of drip irrigation pipes are installed on the drip irrigation pipes. Connected Dripper 4.

The drip irrigation pipe includes a swirled line type drip pipe 3 and a swirled line type air irrigation pipe 9 installed on the outer wall of the swirled line type drip pipe 3, and a plurality of drip holes 6 are opened on the swirled line type drip pipe 3, The scroll-shaped gas filling pipe 9 is provided with a filling hole 5 corresponding to the drip hole 6 .

The end of the drip irrigation pipe away from the main root of the crop is connected with a liquid-gas integration device, and the end of the drip irrigation pipe close to the main root of the crop is closed and blocked by the sealing water port plug 10 and the sealing air port plug 11 .

The liquid-gas integration device includes a filter 2, a liquid inlet pipe 1 and an air inlet pipe 8. The top of the filter 2 is communicated with the liquid inlet pipe 1, and the liquid inlet pipe 1 and the air inlet pipe 8 are connected through a pressure type air valve 7. The filter 2 can The impurities and precipitation in the water and fertilizer liquid are filtered out to prevent the dripper 13 of the drip irrigation device 4 from being blocked.

The function of the pressure type air valve 7 is that when the gas in the air inlet pipe 8 reaches a certain pressure, it will open in one direction, so that the gas enters the liquid inlet pipe 1, which can prevent the water and fertilizer liquid in the liquid inlet pipe 1 from flowing back into the air inlet pipe 8

The liquid inlet pipe 1 is connected to the raw material supply device from the nozzle of the filter 2 away from The connection between the pipe 1 and the water, fertilizer and liquid integration machine is controlled by a water solenoid valve.

The water, fertilizer and liquid integration machine can provide different ratios of water and fertilizer liquids for the drip irrigation device according to irrigation needs. It is worth mentioning that when the water and fertilizer liquid ratio is 1:0, the water and fertilizer liquid integration machine provides tap water for crops. The water and fertilizer liquid integration machine has a height of about 1 meter from the ground, which can make the water and fertilizer liquid have a certain pressure.

The water-fertilizer-liquid integration machine in this embodiment is a commonly used device, and will not be described here.

The inlet pipe 8 close to the nozzle of the pressure type gas valve 7 is connected with the gas tank storing the gas required for gas irrigation, and the nozzle of the inlet pipe 8 away from the gas tank is connected with the scroll-type gas filling pipe 9 .

A micro-nano bubble generator and a booster air pump are arranged on the connecting pipeline between the gas tank and the air inlet pipe 8 , and the gas tank is sequentially connected to the micro-nano bubble generator, the gas solenoid valve, the booster air pump and the air inlet pipe 8 .

The micro-nano bubble generator can convert the gas in the gas tank into micro-nano bubbles for output, and then pressurize the micro-nano bubbles through a booster pump. The booster pump has several gears and can adjust the pressure of the output gas.

As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , the drip irrigation device 4 includes a flow control valve 16 that communicates with the air filling hole 5 through the air conduit 15 . 6. A communicating catheter, a capillary 12 communicating with the flow control valve 16 is installed on the side of the flow control valve 16, and one end of the capillary 12 away from the flow control valve 16 is connected with a dripper 13 of a conical structure, and the dripper 13 sends water and fertilizer. The air is evenly and stably sent to the root zone, the dripper 13 is detachably connected with a dripping arrow 14, and a soil probe 17 is installed at the bottom of the flow control valve 16.

The flow control valve 16 is provided with a valve device composed of a water valve, an air valve and a control module. When working, the water and fertilizer liquid or water and fertilizer gas flows from the liquid conduit to the outlet through the water valve, and the gas flows from the air conduit 15 to the outlet through the air valve, and both flow from the outlet to the dripper 13 through the capillary 12 . The control module is characterized in that it can receive the control signal of the intelligent control system, so as to execute the irrigation decision. The specific performance is: control the switch of the valve to control the irrigation of water, fertilizer and gas, control the opening and closing size of the switch to control the drip irrigation flow, and control the opening and closing time of the switch to control the drip irrigation duration.

The probe is electrically connected to the control module of the drip irrigation device 4, which can collect soil information such as soil temperature and humidity, pH value, etc., and feed the information back to the intelligent control system through wireless transmission.

By controlling the switch of the air valve and the water valve, the four drip irrigation schemes of water, air, water and fertilizer liquid, and water and fertilizer gas can be flexibly switched, so that water, fertilizer, air and heat can be transported to the root zone according to the needs of crops. It is worth mentioning that after drip irrigation is completed, a gas with a relatively large pressure is introduced into the dripper 13, which can not only improve the soil environment (such as permeability) but also prevent soil or roots from clogging the dripper 13.

The device also has an intelligent control system, which is characterized in that the switch of the water solenoid valve is controlled to provide water and fertilizer liquid for the drip irrigation device; the switch of the gas solenoid valve is controlled to provide gas to the drip irrigation device; the detection signal of the soil probe 17 is received, Obtain soil information; according to irrigation requirements, make alternate root zone irrigation strategies and send out execution signals.

The drip irrigation process of a far and near root zone alternate drip irrigation system of the present embodiment is shown in Figure 4, and the details are as follows:

S1: The soil probes 17 of all the drip irrigators 4 obtain the average soil moisture content of the root zone in real time every day, and provide irrigation instructions for the alternate irrigation system of water, fertilizer and air separation of the root zone.

S2: According to the water and fertilizer irrigation requirements, the water and fertilizer liquid integrated machine prepares the water and fertilizer liquid required by the crop and outputs it; the micro-nano bubble generator works to convert the gas in the gas tank into micro-nano bubbles for output; the booster air pump increases the passing gas. pressure, so that the gas pressure is higher than the working threshold value of the pressure type air valve 7. If it is necessary to keep the roots warm, the gas introduced can be heated, so that the ventilation has the function of keeping warm and keeping out the cold.

S3: The water solenoid valve is opened, the gas solenoid valve is opened, and the water and fertilizer liquid and gas enter the liquid-gas integration device at the same time.

S4: the water and fertilizer liquid flows from the water solenoid valve to the liquid inlet pipe 1, then passes through the stirrer on the position close to the filter 2 inside the liquid inlet pipe 1, flows to the filter 2, and further filters out impurities; The valve flows to the intake pipe 8 .

S5: The pressure type gas valve 7 is opened, and part of the gas flows from the pressure type gas valve 7 to the liquid inlet pipe 1, and dissolves into the water and fertilizer liquid to form the water and fertilizer gas and liquid. Because the gas has a certain pressure, it can play a stirring role, further mixing the water and fertilizer, reducing the sedimentation of the water and fertilizer liquid caused by the long pipeline transportation, reducing the waste of fertilizer, and making the dripper 13 more difficult to block.

S6: water and fertilizer gas-liquid flow to drip pipe 3; Part of gas flows to gas filling pipe 9 from air inlet pipe 8;

S7: water and fertilizer gas-liquid flow to the liquid conduit of each drip irrigation device 4; Gas flows to the air conduit 15 of each drip irrigation device 4;

S8: the same irrigation decision of the drip irrigator 4 in the root zone, the water valve of the drip irrigator 4 corresponding to the root zone of the water and fertilizer gas drip irrigation is opened, and the water and fertilizer gas and liquid flow to the dripper 13;

It should be noted that at this time, the gas valve of the drip irrigation device 4 is not opened, and the gas maintains a certain pressure in the gas filling pipe 9;

S9: the water and fertilizer gas liquid flows out from the dripper 13 to the dripping arrow 14 evenly, and reaches the soil near the root system;

S10: The water, fertilizer, gas and liquid permeate in the soil, and finally part of it is absorbed by the nearby root system, while part of the undissolved gas begins to diffuse to supplement oxygen for the root system.

S11: After a period of time, the water, fertilizer and gas irrigation ends, and each switch value is reset, which is consistent with that before irrigation;

S12: the air valve of the drip irrigation device 4 is opened, and because the air filling pipe 9 has pressure, the gas in the air filling pipe 9 flows to the dripper 13 through the air guide pipe 15, and diffuses into the nearby soil, until the pressure is consumed, and the air valve is closed; In fact, this part of the gas cleans the dripper 13, and also makes a small amount of gas diffuse in the soil, thereby improving the soil environment (such as soil permeability) and solving problems such as root hypoxia.

S13: The water, fertilizer, and air alternate root zone irrigation system is in a standby state, waiting for the next irrigation command, and the soil probe 17 continues to detect the soil moisture content.

The invention divides the crop root system into the far root zone and the near root zone, and through the water, fertilizer and gas integrated drip irrigation system, drip irrigation is alternately performed on the far and near root zones, so that one of the root zones appears dry root zone and a stress effect occurs, so as to achieve high efficiency and water saving without Sacrifice the effect of photosynthetic products of crops, and in addition to having different growth effects and water-saving effects on plants, alternating drip irrigation in circumferentially divided root zones can solve the problem of uneven root distribution and large water demand for some plants. There are problems of uneven and insufficient irrigation in alternating root zone irrigation on both sides.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: The technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments can still be modified, or some or all of the technical features thereof can be equivalently replaced; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. scope.

Claims (10)

1. An irrigation method of an alternate irrigation system for a remote root zone and a near root zone, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

planting crops

When planting, deeply planting the crops to 30-40cm deep to improve the lodging resistance of the crops;

step two, equipment laying

Arranging and embedding the water, fertilizer and gas integrated drip irrigation pipe in a spiral line in a planting hole, wherein the geometric circle center of the drip irrigation pipe is superposed with the planting center of the crop, and the root system of the crop is ensured to be completely tied to the lower soil layer of the drip irrigation pipe in the vertical direction during embedding;

step three, dividing root zone

Dividing the root system into near and far root zones on a horizontal area, wherein the root system close to the center of a root disc is called a near root zone, and the root system far away from the center of the root disc is called a far root zone; dividing the water, fertilizer and gas integrated drip irrigation pipe into a plurality of circle areas by using a radial partitioning method, wherein each circle of vortex line corresponds to one circle area, sequencing the circle areas from inside to outside, sequentially forming a 1 st circle area, a 2 nd circle area, a 3 rd circle area, a 4 th circle area and a 5 th circle area, punching holes in each circle area at equal intervals, inserting a plurality of drip irrigation devices, and each drip irrigation device can perform water, fertilizer and gas irrigation and contains a soil probe to obtain the water content of a corresponding wet point;

step four: definition of Dry and Wet

Taking the average soil moisture content detected by all the soil probes in the same root zone as the soil moisture content of the root zone, and expressing the average soil moisture content by E;

(1) a drying area: when E is less than a, the soil is determined to be dry soil, wherein a is the upper limit value of drought stress, when the water content of the soil is lower than the a value, the root system generates drought stress effect, the value is determined by the type of crops, and is generally 25-40%;

(2) a wet area: when E is greater than c, the soil is determined to be wet soil, wherein the c value is the optimal soil moisture content for root system growth and is determined by the type of crops, and is generally 55-85%;

(3) when E is less than b, the water loss is determined to be serious, and the normal growth of crops is influenced, wherein b is a drought stress lower limit value, the root system can not grow normally when the water content of the soil is lower than the b value, the value is determined by the type of the crops and is generally 15-20%;

step five: alternate irrigation of distant and near root zones

The specific process is as follows:

s1, arranging drip irrigation emitters of the same root zone to execute the same irrigation decision;

s2, all the soil probes acquire the average soil moisture content E of the root zone in real time every day;

s3, a root area (corresponding to the 2 nd circle area) of the system is a wet area, a root area (corresponding to the 5 th circle area) is a dry area, and the 3 rd circle area and the 4 th circle area adjacent to each other are semi-wet areas due to transverse penetration of water and fertilizer;

s4, when detecting that the E < a of the wetting area, opening a drip irrigation emitter valve of the wetting area to irrigate by water, fertilizer and gas; when detecting that E > c of the wet area, closing the drip irrigation emitter valve and ending irrigation;

s5, when the E < b of the dry area is detected, the system replaces the dry area and the wet area on the next day;

s6 returning to S4, the steps S4-S6 are repeated, so that the drying alternately occurs between the distant root zone and the near root zone.

2. The irrigation method of the alternate irrigation system for the near-far root zone as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the first step, the crop stems need to be placed in the center of the planting holes, and drip irrigation pipes are buried in the planting holes with the depth of 10cm when soil is filled.

3. The irrigation method of the alternate irrigation system for the near and far root zones as claimed in claim 1, wherein after the equipment is laid in the second step, other drip irrigation facilities are installed and the drip irrigation system is debugged.

4. The irrigation method of the alternating irrigation system for the near and far root zones as claimed in claim 1, wherein the correspondence of the third zone in the step is flexibly selected and switched according to the growth condition of the root system, when the 1 st zone corresponds to the near root zone and the 3 rd zone corresponds to the far root zone in the initial growth stage of the root system; when the root system grows in the middle stage, the 2 nd circle area corresponds to the near root area, and the 4 th circle area corresponds to the far root area; when the root system is in the growth and maturity stage, the root disk is larger, the 2 nd circle area corresponds to the near root area, and the 5 th circle area corresponds to the far root area.

5. The irrigation method of the alternate irrigation system for the near-far root zone as claimed in claim 1, wherein a closed plug is installed at one end of the drip irrigation pipe close to the center of the root disc, a liquid-gas integrated device is connected at one end of the drip irrigation pipe far away from the center of the root disc, the drip irrigation emitter is installed on the drip irrigation pipe, and the soil probe is installed on the bottom surface of the drip irrigation emitter.

6. The irrigation method of the alternate irrigation system for the near-far root zone according to claim 5, wherein the drip irrigation pipe comprises a liquid dripping pipe and an air filling pipe, the liquid-air integrated device comprises a filter connected with the liquid dripping pipe and an air inlet pipe connected with the air filling pipe, the end face, away from the liquid dripping pipe, of the filter is connected with a liquid inlet pipe, and the liquid inlet pipe is connected with the air inlet pipe through a pressure type air valve.

7. The irrigation method of the alternate irrigation system for the near and far root zones according to claim 6, wherein one end of the air inlet pipe, which is far away from the air filling pipe, is sequentially connected with a pressurization air pump, a micro-nano bubble generator and a gas tank, and a gas solenoid valve is arranged between the air inlet pipe and the pressurization air pump.

8. The irrigation method of the alternate irrigation system for the distant and near root zones as claimed in claim 7, wherein one end of the liquid inlet pipe, which is far away from the filter, is connected with a liquid manure and liquid integrated machine, and a water solenoid valve is arranged between the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid manure and liquid integrated machine.

9. The irrigation method of the alternate irrigation system for the near and far root zones as claimed in claim 8, wherein the drip irrigation emitter comprises a flow control valve communicated with the irrigation pipe through an air duct, a liquid guide pipe communicated with the liquid dropping pipe is arranged at a position of the flow control valve close to the vortex line type liquid dropping pipe, a capillary is arranged on the side surface of the flow control valve, and a water dropper is connected to one end of the capillary, which is far away from the flow control valve.

10. The irrigation method of the alternate irrigation system for the near and far root zones according to claim 9, comprising an intelligent control system, wherein the intelligent control system controls the on and off of the water solenoid valve and the gas solenoid valve so as to provide water, fertilizer liquid and gas for the drip irrigation device; the intelligent control system receives a detection signal of the soil probe to acquire soil information; and the intelligent control system makes a root-zone alternate irrigation strategy according to the irrigation requirement and sends out an execution signal.

Images