CN101300954A - Method for transplanting large size ginko and grafting root - Google Patents
Method for transplanting large size ginko and grafting root Download PDFInfo
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- CN101300954A CN101300954A CNA2008101240844A CN200810124084A CN101300954A CN 101300954 A CN101300954 A CN 101300954A CN A2008101240844 A CNA2008101240844 A CN A2008101240844A CN 200810124084 A CN200810124084 A CN 200810124084A CN 101300954 A CN101300954 A CN 101300954A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method of transplanting and graft root for large-scale ginkgo, which includes: for the transplanted large-scale ginkgo, grafting reserve scion (graft root) to root stock (root) by using the cleft grafting method or the cut grafting method at the time that the average earth temperature is between 13 DEG C. and 21 DEG C., warping the wound part by using a wrappage which has been soaked with rooting powder liquor, and then firmly binding up the wrappage by using a material with specified strength and degradable characteristic, and then earthing up and watering. The inventive method for the root grafting after the large-scale ginkgo transplanting can not only greatly enhance survival rate and promote plants growth, meet the requirements of garden greenification and landscape design better and rapidly, but can also raise production and promote high quality fruit production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the transplanting method of ginkgo, relate in particular to a kind of method for transplanting large size ginko and grafting root.
Background technology
Along with the develop rapidly of construction of city afforestation, the quality requirement that people build the urban look greenery patches is also more and more higher.Many cities have proposed and have implemented the work of " big tree is introduced the city " in succession to the peculiar function in urban look greenery patches at big tree.Big tree is gone down town, gets instant result, and be the shortcut of a fast-developing urban green space, promoted the man and nature formation in advance of harmonious urban ecological environment mutually.
Ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba L.) has another name called gingko, and Gong Sunshu belongs to Gymnospermae (Gymnospermae) Ginkgopsida (Ginkgopsida) Ginkgoales (Ginkgoales) Ginkgoaceae (Ginkgoaceae), is branch list platymiscium.The tree-like grandness of ginkgo towers into the clouds, and titled with canopy, gives the refined sense of high and steep, luxurious song; Leaf unusual, elegant, spring and summer is emerald green, and late autumn is golden yellow.Therefore ginkgo is well-known above the ordinary afforestation seeds.
The ginkgo root system is big, has the rule of basically identical on its horizontal distribution.Great mass of data shows, the big tree that diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 30cm is above, and the general root system of root system in distance trunk 4-8m scope accounts for more than 60% of total root quantity, beyond trunk 3.5m, radicula begins to increase, and then significantly reduces in the time of beyond the 9m, and wherein young root weight accounts for more than 75% of the heavy total amount of root between 4～8.The ability of plant absorbing nutriment and moisture is relevant with the morphological parameters of root (root weight, root length, root surface area, root density, lateral root quantity, root approximate number amount and tip of a root quantity etc.).Usually the density of root hair is 50～500/square centimeter root surface areas, thereby the area of root hair zone can make the external surface area of cell increase by 2～10 times, and the root hair zone is plant absorbing nutrient and the most active zone of moisture.In order to guarantee behind the transplanting large size ginko to the balance of the water evaporates of the absorption of underground moisture and acrial part and to the absorption of nutriment, when transplanting large size ginko theoretically, it is The more the better that its native ball keeps its root hair zone, that is to say that native ball is the bigger the better, but be subjected to the restriction of objective condition such as present technical merit, lifting appliance, transportation, the native bulb diameter the when diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 30～50cm ginkgo is transplanted at present is generally between 1.7～2.2m.Most of root hair zone is cut have been fallen, thus cause transplant the back ginkgo underground and on the ground moisture, nutrient supply close and fasten serious imbalance, greatly reduce transplanting success, can not satisfy the development need in present city.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of transplanting large size ginko and grafting branch method, absorb the potentiality of nutriment considerably beyond the principle of plant according to grow seedlings principle and root system of plant of plant graft to the demand (promptly just can satisfy the certain physiological requirements of plant) of nutriment as long as the sub-fraction root system absorbs nutriment, handle connecing root behind the transplanting large size ginko, to improve its transplanting success and growth potential.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of method for transplanting large size ginko and grafting root is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
The collection of one, scion (connecing root) is prepared: it is deep to select to be grown in soil layer, on loosing soil, moistening, fertile, the good sandy loam of ventilation, the ginkgo elite stand of robust growth, near its tree crown drop shadow spread, gather long, the structural integrity of root footpath, upper end 1～3cm, 20～50cm, root system with more rich root hair zone, the method that adopt lucifuge then, hides, removes water makes fresh, the not dehydration of its maintenance, and is standby.
Two, the selection of grafting time: early or mid April to mid-July, be that mean ground temperature is in 13 ℃ to 21 ℃ time, by a definite date about 100 days, transplanting large size ginko is finished, water normal root water two to three times, and set up behind pillar and the stormy waves rope about 15 days, big tree to be planted sinks substantially, and peripheral soil carries out after implementing fully.
Three, grafting:
1, this fado of cleft graft is used for the grafting of root footpath greater than 2 centimetres of thick stocks (root).
Scion (connecing root) is respectively cut the long capable inclined-plane of wedge that is 3～4cm in the symmetrical side of scion (connecing root) upper end, and is thicker as stock (root) footpath, then scion (connecing root) bottom is whittled into inclined to one side wedge shape, requires bevel straight smooth, and gradient is moderate.
Split stock (root) and earlier the position, termination of root is patted cunning, use cutter to cut one then in the middle of root (stock) section and vertically split mouth, notch depth 4～5cm slightly is longer than the bevel of scion (connecing root).A general lateral root only connects a scion.
Grafting fringe (connecing root) will be split earlier and mouthful pry open, scion (connecing root) is slowly inserted in stock (root) otch, a thick slightly side outwardly, a thin side fits like a glove the cambium of scion (connecing root) and stock (root) interior.During grafting fringe (connecing root), bevel is exposed 0.2～0.3cm.
2, this method of cut-grafting method generally is applicable to the grafting of the stock (root) in 1～2 centimetre in root footpath.
Cut scion (connecing root) and cut long bevel about a long 3cm in scion (connecing root) head end one side, its tangent plane is advisable to expose xylem, is whittled into the short bevel of 0.5～1cm then at long bevel back side end.Long and short bevel all requires smooth.
Stock (root) is handled the arrangement of butt face level and smooth, in the vertical partial application of the straight lateral edges of smoother, exposes xylem and is advisable, and longitudinal incision length is suitable mutually with scion (connecing root) bevel.
Grafting fringe (connecing root) inserts otch to the scion of cutting (connecing root), and long bevel is close to stock (root) otch xylem and is inserted, and the cambium on long bevel both sides aligns with the cambium on stock (root) otch both sides, is close to.If by inserting, anvil (root), fringe (connecing root) cambium close proximity were attached to peeling of stock (root) on the short bevel of scion (connecing root) then when scion (connecing root) was thin, notice that anvil (root), fringe (connecing root) cambium do not stagger on one side.
Four, colligation
Elder generation's working concentration 25 * 10
-6ABT
3Number root-inducing powder liquid is moistening with wrappage, then it is rolled in the interface position, and again with possessing certain intensity, easily to carry out colligation solid for the material of degraded.
Five, earthing
In the scope of the 30cm left and right sides, interface section, use the soil backfill of handling.Soil is with formaldehyde (being commonly called as formalin) or after not having the chloronitrobenzene solvent and carrying out disinfection, cover more than the 24h with light-proof material again, and use clear water drip washing, ventilate through a couple of days, re-use during no flavour of a drug, perhaps, before the week with 0.2%～0.5% potassium permanganate liquid disinfectant, every cubic metre with soup 20～30kg, preferably is used alternatingly with 0.2%～0.5% formalin.After the medication, get up, behind the 48h, with getting final product after the flushing with clean water with abacterial plastic film capping.
Six, water
Ginkgo is the wet seeds that are afraid of waterlogging of happiness, and general soil moisture content with the main distribution layer of root system reaches 60～80% of field capacity and is advisable.After transplanting connect root, its root system adaptability weakened, and soil moisture is controlled in 65～75% scopes.In addition, also available 10 mg/kg rooting powder solutions carry out in conjunction with watering.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: use the present invention and carry out the grafting root system after to transplanting large size ginko, can not only well improve survival rate, promote plant strain growth, satisfy better, the needs of afforestation landscape design quickly, and, promote high-quality fruit production all to have important effect to improving output.
Embodiment
To describe the specific embodiment of the present invention in detail below:
Embodiment 1
The applicant is on May 5,6 days to 2004 April in 2004, transplant the grow directly from seeds large size ginko of the 46 strain diameters of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground in Suzhou District at 35.1～36.3cm, under the identical situation of planting conditions (method, soil, technology etc.), carry out grafting and un-inoculated contrast (quantity of grafting root is 7～10/strain).Wherein female 39 strains, male 7 strains are equally divided into two groups, each 23 strain, every group female plant is respectively 19 strains and 20 strains, generally between 80～90 meters, distribution can definitely guarantee female plant pollination fully uniformly to distance between the staminiferous plant.In 10 months of every year, collect leaves the last ten-days period, the position of collection is the Lao Ye of the bottom on the branch of the middle part of tree crown generally.Single fruit on average heavily is under normal circumstances to gather, and the dry fruit weight (the results are shown in Table 1) after handling under the same conditions.
Table 1. grafting and non-grafting are to the transplanting large size ginko result's of growing directly from seeds comparison
Below disclose the present invention with preferred embodiment, so it is not in order to restriction the present invention, and all employings are equal to replaces or technical scheme that the equivalent transformation mode is obtained, all drops within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1, a kind of method for transplanting large size ginko and grafting root is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
The collection of one, scion (connecing root) is prepared: it is deep to select to be grown in soil layer, on loosing soil, moistening, fertile, the good sandy loam of ventilation, the ginkgo elite stand of robust growth, near its tree crown drop shadow spread, gather long, the structural integrity of root footpath, upper end 1～3cm, 20～50cm, root system with more rich root hair zone, the method that adopt lucifuge then, hides, removes water makes fresh, the not dehydration of its maintenance, and is standby;
Two, the selection of grafting time: early or mid April to mid-July, be that mean ground temperature is in 13 ℃ to 21 ℃ time, by a definite date about 100 days, transplanting large size ginko is finished, water normal root water two to three times, and set up behind pillar and the stormy waves rope about 15 days, big tree to be planted sinks substantially, and peripheral soil carries out after implementing fully;
Three, grafting:
A, this fado of cleft graft are used for the grafting of root footpath greater than 2 centimetres of thick stocks (root):
Cut scion (connecing root) and respectively cut the long capable inclined-plane of wedge that is 3～4cm in the symmetrical side of scion (connecing root) upper end, thicker as stock (root) footpath, then scion (connecing root) bottom is whittled into inclined to one side wedge shape, require bevel straight smooth, gradient is moderate;
Split stock (root) and earlier the position, termination of stock (root) is patted cunning, use cutter to cut one then in the middle of stock (root) section and vertically split mouth, notch depth 4～5cm slightly is longer than the bevel of scion (connecing root).A general lateral root only connects a scion;
Grafting fringe (connecing root) will be split earlier and mouthful pry open, scion (connecing root) is slowly inserted in stock (root) otch, a thick slightly side outwardly, a thin side fits like a glove the cambium of scion (connecing root) and stock (root) interior.During grafting fringe (connecing root), bevel is exposed 0.2～0.3cm;
B, this method of cut-grafting method generally are applicable to the grafting of the stock (root) in 1～2 centimetre in root footpath:
Cut scion (connecing root) and cut long bevel about a long 3cm in scion (connecing root) head end one side, its tangent plane is advisable to expose xylem, is whittled into the short bevel of 0.5～1cm then at long bevel back side end.Long and short bevel all requires smooth;
Stock (root) is handled the arrangement of butt face level and smooth, in the vertical partial application of the straight lateral edges of smoother, exposes xylem and is advisable, and longitudinal incision length is suitable mutually with scion (connecing root) bevel;
Grafting fringe (connecing root) inserts otch to the scion of cutting (connecing root), and long bevel is close to stock (root) otch xylem and is inserted, and the cambium on long bevel both sides aligns with the cambium on stock (root) otch both sides, is close to.If by inserting, anvil (root), fringe (connecing root) cambium close proximity were attached to peeling of stock (root) on the short bevel of scion (connecing root) then when scion (connecing root) was thin, notice that anvil (root), fringe (connecing root) cambium do not stagger on one side;
Four, colligation
Elder generation's working concentration 25 * 10
-6ABT
3Number root-inducing powder liquid is moistening with wrappage, then it is rolled in the interface position, and again with possessing certain intensity, easily to carry out colligation solid for the material of degraded;
Five, earthing
In the scope of the 30cm left and right sides, interface section, use the soil backfill of handling.Soil is with formaldehyde (being commonly called as formalin) or after not having the chloronitrobenzene solvent and carrying out disinfection, cover more than the 24h with light-proof material again, and use clear water drip washing, ventilate through a couple of days, re-use during no flavour of a drug, perhaps, before the week with 0.2%～0.5% potassium permanganate liquid disinfectant, every cubic metre with soup 20～30kg, preferably is used alternatingly with 0.2%～0.5% formalin.After the medication, get up, behind the 48h, with getting final product after the flushing with clean water with abacterial plastic film capping;
Six, water
Ginkgo is the wet seeds that are afraid of waterlogging of happiness, and general soil moisture content with the main distribution layer of root system reaches 60～80% of field capacity and is advisable.After transplanting connect root, its root system adaptability weakened, and soil moisture is controlled in 65～75% scopes, perhaps carried out in conjunction with watering with 10 mg/kg rooting powder solutions.
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| CNA2008101240844A CN101300954A (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2008-06-13 | Method for transplanting large size ginko and grafting root |
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Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102696405A (en) * | 2012-06-04 | 2012-10-03 | 柴春燕 | Grafting method for myrica rubra Dongkui and candleberry |
| CN103053380A (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2013-04-24 | 华东师范大学 | Method for improving transplanting survival rate and grow effect of large and medium diameter trees |
| CN103109689A (en) * | 2013-02-28 | 2013-05-22 | 山东农业大学 | Mastoptosis-shaped burl forming method of ginkgo trees by artificial induction |
| CN103404348A (en) * | 2013-08-14 | 2013-11-27 | 南京林业大学 | Rejuvenating method for old chionanthus pile |
| CN103858679A (en) * | 2014-02-24 | 2014-06-18 | 唐兆青 | Method for planting a plurality of ornamental trees with fruits by using old apple tree stem branches |
| CN103960066A (en) * | 2014-05-26 | 2014-08-06 | 长沙县奥景花卉苗木专业合作社 | Method for cultivating red-flowered loropetalum seedlings |
| CN103960065A (en) * | 2014-05-26 | 2014-08-06 | 长沙县奥景花卉苗木专业合作社 | Method for cultivating podocarpus macrophyllus seedlings |
| CN103975776A (en) * | 2014-05-26 | 2014-08-13 | 长沙县奥景花卉苗木专业合作社 | Method for cultivating landscaping nursery stock |
| CN104012306A (en) * | 2014-06-17 | 2014-09-03 | 南京林业大学 | Establishment method for irrigation test system in forest root division zone |
| CN104472228A (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2015-04-01 | 西北农林科技大学 | Method for cultivating mycorrhization gingko grafting seedlings |
| CN105145280A (en) * | 2015-09-10 | 2015-12-16 | 攀枝花市农林科学研究院 | Transplanting and grafting method for mango trees |
| CN105638379A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-06-08 | 深圳文科园林股份有限公司 | Big tree transplanting method |
| CN106171821A (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2016-12-07 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Nursery stock soil ball straw rope baling press |
| CN106718292A (en) * | 2017-02-07 | 2017-05-31 | 上海市绿化管理指导站 | For the plant matrix of ginkgo and ginkgo plant system |
| CN109348884A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-02-19 | 南京科森挤出装备有限公司 | Method with growth branch grafting tree root on tree root |
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2008
- 2008-06-13 CN CNA2008101240844A patent/CN101300954A/en active Pending
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| CN102696405A (en) * | 2012-06-04 | 2012-10-03 | 柴春燕 | Grafting method for myrica rubra Dongkui and candleberry |
| CN103053380A (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2013-04-24 | 华东师范大学 | Method for improving transplanting survival rate and grow effect of large and medium diameter trees |
| CN103109689A (en) * | 2013-02-28 | 2013-05-22 | 山东农业大学 | Mastoptosis-shaped burl forming method of ginkgo trees by artificial induction |
| CN103109689B (en) * | 2013-02-28 | 2014-06-11 | 山东农业大学 | Mastoptosis-shaped burl forming method of ginkgo trees by artificial induction |
| CN103404348B (en) * | 2013-08-14 | 2016-08-10 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of method of the rejuvenation of the old stake of Diffuse Coptosapelta |
| CN103404348A (en) * | 2013-08-14 | 2013-11-27 | 南京林业大学 | Rejuvenating method for old chionanthus pile |
| CN103858679A (en) * | 2014-02-24 | 2014-06-18 | 唐兆青 | Method for planting a plurality of ornamental trees with fruits by using old apple tree stem branches |
| CN103960066A (en) * | 2014-05-26 | 2014-08-06 | 长沙县奥景花卉苗木专业合作社 | Method for cultivating red-flowered loropetalum seedlings |
| CN103975776A (en) * | 2014-05-26 | 2014-08-13 | 长沙县奥景花卉苗木专业合作社 | Method for cultivating landscaping nursery stock |
| CN103960066B (en) * | 2014-05-26 | 2015-11-18 | 长沙县奥景花卉苗木专业合作社 | A kind of safflower Loropetalum wood nursery stock cultivating method |
| CN103960065B (en) * | 2014-05-26 | 2015-11-18 | 长沙县奥景花卉苗木专业合作社 | A kind of podocarpus nursery stock cultivating method |
| CN103960065A (en) * | 2014-05-26 | 2014-08-06 | 长沙县奥景花卉苗木专业合作社 | Method for cultivating podocarpus macrophyllus seedlings |
| CN104012306A (en) * | 2014-06-17 | 2014-09-03 | 南京林业大学 | Establishment method for irrigation test system in forest root division zone |
| CN104472228A (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2015-04-01 | 西北农林科技大学 | Method for cultivating mycorrhization gingko grafting seedlings |
| CN104472228B (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2017-07-04 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of Mycorrhizal graft reproduction of Ginkgo biloba L method |
| CN105145280A (en) * | 2015-09-10 | 2015-12-16 | 攀枝花市农林科学研究院 | Transplanting and grafting method for mango trees |
| CN105638379A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-06-08 | 深圳文科园林股份有限公司 | Big tree transplanting method |
| CN106171821A (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2016-12-07 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Nursery stock soil ball straw rope baling press |
| CN106171821B (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2019-02-12 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Nursery stock soil ball straw rope baling press |
| CN106718292A (en) * | 2017-02-07 | 2017-05-31 | 上海市绿化管理指导站 | For the plant matrix of ginkgo and ginkgo plant system |
| CN109348884A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-02-19 | 南京科森挤出装备有限公司 | Method with growth branch grafting tree root on tree root |
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Application publication date: 20081112 |