CN106508383B - It is suitable for bird king's tea cuttage breeding method in Karst region - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to it is a kind of be suitable for bird king's tea cuttage breeding method in Karst region, (1), Tree Species Selection have follow steps,；(2), cutting medium is prepared: by mass fraction than 3~4 parts of mixed soil sample, 4~6 parts of edible fungi residue, 2~3 parts of silkworm excrement and 3~4 parts of rice bran shell to be uniformly mixed, add 2~3 parts of Honeysuckle flower dregs of a decoction mixing, soil pH is controlled 4.0~5.5, humic acid soil and 1~3 part of Guizhou Plateau bath pool soil under the karst mountain that mixed soil sample is 10 parts, cutting medium soil are laid in spare in wooden case；(3), prepared by cuttage seeding；(4), cuttage；(5), cuttage management.The present invention can improve bird king's tea cuttage speed of growth, survival rate is stablized, and reduces cost, can play Soil and water conservation in the Karst region of water shortage, it realizes that bird king tea is planted on a large scale in Karst region, provides the road built up the family fortunes for Karst Mountainous Area, guizhou, china peasant.

Description

It is suitable for bird king's tea cuttage breeding method in Karst region

Technical field

The present invention relates to it is a kind of be suitable for bird king's tea cuttage breeding method in Karst region, belong to the preceding of tea tree plant and insert Reproduction technique field.

Background technique

Bird king tea just has become tribute caffein product early in Sheng Tang's period, and " Kweiyang mansion will " (volume of consuming goods) carries between Ming Dynasty's Wanli year year " it is most notable that Qian Sheng respectively belongs to all production tea, only Guiding cloud and mist ", Qing Dynasty's period becomes one of national eight famous teas.Bird king's tea is early in the Yuan Dynasty It just as tribute, is rare kind rare in tea.Bird king's tea main product is in more than 1560 meters of height of Guizhou Province Guiding County height above sea level Cloud and mist the foot of a mountain half way up the mountain ".Bird king tea is the bird king high, high in quality by local grade, physical and chemical index is good as good merchantable brand in tea Kind determine, before more than 2000 years, since the artificial cultivation of original high tree tea to tea tree just, and created a series of names Tea just has become tribute in the Qing Dynasty in period, and before the 1970s, since yield is few, general resident is difficult to be tasted.

Amino acid that bird king grows tea composition is to increase based on the type of millet paste delicate flavour and sweet taste, and ratio is 90% or more；It is bright Propylhomoserin is bird king's tea main component, and content accounts for the 54.94%~78.05% of total amino acid content.With the " expensive of bird king's tea processing and fabricating Determine Xueya tea " because catechin content is higher, brewing rear millet paste, just entrance is more bitter, but because its amino acid content is higher, increases Millet paste delicate flavour and sweet taste.Well-known tea one of of the bird king tea as Guizhou Province has important in local economy social development Status and effect, state of development have great importance to entire Guizhou Province's tea economy is revitalized.

Karst ecosystem is as a kind of unique ecosystem, landform and geomorphologic conditions, hydrothermal condition, vegetation Developmental condition of land occupation condition and soil etc. is all different from Non-karst area, since its special geology and weather conditions are made Small at this area's environmental carrying capacity, anti-interference ability is weak, and stability is low, self adjustment capability is poor.In addition Karst region soil ring Border has basement rock exposure, and the essential characteristics such as few, discontinuous, microrelief complexity multiplicity of distribution of soil storage are developed discontinuous Shallow soil layer, soil have scattered distribution since karst mountain area surface relief degree is big, and soil erosion and stone exposure are serious, noise made in coughing or vomiting This specially head of district's phase by strong carbonate rock chemistry corrosion is produced earth's surface-underground two layer of space structure, is acted in heavy rainfall Under easily generate and soil losses and then soil property caused to be degenerated.

In recent years, people increasingly increase tealeaves demand, for the area for expanding cultivar, improve the yield and quality, Local farmers do not focus on science and technology, blindly expand Tea planting area, cannot not only play good effect of increasing production, but also The frequent generation of the harm such as soil erosion is caused, it is serious to destroy natural ecological environment.

The cutting propagation of bird king tea is a kind of using traditional cuttage breeding method at present, covers film thermal insulating, the breeding side Method generallys use the elite stand resource that is not handled by and carries out cuttage, and easily rotten and reproductive survival rate is relatively low, cutting propagation cost It is high.Another cuttage breeding method is to take single node cutting to be bred using tea tree branch, is to place tea tree explant Bred on outdoor ordinary culture medium, survived to promote cuttage seeding to take root as early as possible, it is raw be watered with root powder impregnate 3h after skewer again Insert, this cuttage breeding method survives although cuttage seeding can be made to take root as early as possible, cuttage seeding can not filling receive soil in support Point, the cuttage speed of growth is slow, and survival rate is unstable.

Summary of the invention

Technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide it is a kind of be suitable in bird king's tea cutting propagation side of Karst region Method can improve bird king's tea cuttage speed of growth, and survival rate is stablized, and reduce cost, and can play water in the Karst region of water shortage Native holding effect.

The technical solution of the present invention in order to achieve the above objectives is: a kind of is suitable for bird king's tea cutting propagation in Karst region Method, it is characterised in that: it has follow steps,

(1), Tree Species Selection: with Niao Wang group kind for provenance parent, numerous fine individual plant kind is expanded after individual plant selection, identification Tea tree seedling as provenance breeding；

(2), cutting medium is prepared: by mass fraction ratio, by 3~4 parts of mixed soil sample, 4~6 parts of edible fungi residue, 2 ~3 parts of silkworm excrement and 3~4 parts of rice bran shell are uniformly mixed, and 2~3 parts of Honeysuckle flower dregs of a decoction mixing are added, by soil pH control Cutting medium soil is made 4.0~5.5 in system, cutting medium soil is laid in spare in wooden case, and cutting medium soil is spread The depth in wooden case is located at not less than 10cm, wherein the mixed soil sample is with mass fraction than under the karst mountain for 10 parts Humic acid soil and 1~3 part of Guizhou Plateau bath pool soil mix；

(3), prepared by cuttage seeding: before annual spring rudiment, cutting the short fringe of long 3~4cm on tea tree seedling, short fringe top A leaf is stayed, there will be the branch of leaf to cut among short fringe, and clip is smooth, clip is oblique to be cut into 1.0~1.5cm's to identical with leaf Root-inducing powder is added 1000ml distilled water by mass parts ratio 1:2.5~3.5 with purple Lasiosphaera fenzlii liquid bacterium and stirred evenly by angle segment Soak is made, carries out cuttage after short fringe is impregnated at least 3h in soak；

(4), cuttage: 1~2h waters compartment face with water before cuttage, compartment face soil is smoothed out, by the short fringe trimmed by spacing in the rows 3 ~5cm, 5~8cm of line-spacing cuttage are on cutting medium soil, and each short fringe blade is exposed and towards downwind, after cuttage finishes, It pours root water and takes shading screen shade；

(5), cuttage management:

1., watering: cuttage initial stage, daily watering 1 time, water, which is subject to, to be irrigated, and is continued until cuttage seedling rooting；

2., weeding: seedbed see grass just remove；

3., top dressing: start top dressing when cuttage seedling leaf grows to 4, cuttage seeding is total to top dressing 5~8 times in growth period；

4., take off film: start to take off shading screen when the blade of cuttage seeding grows to 4 and practice seedling, noon first takes off from both ends when the Heavenly Stems, At night cover, when adapt to after a week, film is all opened；

5., transplanting: after growth of cuttage seedlings 30~40 days, tea shoot is transplanted to the field of humic acid soil, before transplanting Tea shoot root is trimmed, and the tea shoot root after trimming is dipped in the mud for being completely mixed with nitrogen-fixing bacteria, tea shoot is put into cave, is buried Soil is treaded, watering, while every plant is applied high-quality muck 10kg or more, and the later period carries out conventional field management and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.

Bird king's tea cuttage breeding method of the invention expands after individual plant selection, identification with Niao Wang group kind for provenance parent The tea tree seedling that numerous fine individual plant kind is bred as provenance, can purposefully select well-grown, and resistance is strong, economic characters It is excellent, improve reproductive survival rate.Cutting medium of the present invention uses the soil of special proportion, using the humic acid under karst mountain The mixed soil sample that soil and Guizhou Plateau bath pool soil mix, can allow plant to shift to an earlier date the Soil Micro-environment of suitable growth.This Mixed soil sample is uniformly mixed by invention with edible fungi residue, silkworm excrement and rice bran shell, and is mixed and adjusted by the Honeysuckle flower dregs of a decoction Soil pH value can play and provide the acid-base property of edaphon suitable growth, persistently improve soil nutrient to cuttage seeding, provide plant Enough fertility of object subsequent growth are supported, while also increasing soil permeability, can make the breathing of crop root, and are greatly reduced Bad root phenomenon.It is convenient that cutting medium of the invention is drawn materials, and propagation material source is wide, reliable, and production cost can be made to reduce by 30%, 5~10% are improved than conventional method, can overcome that existing bird king Technique on Cuttage Propagation is complicated, speed is slow, quantity is few, at high cost etc. lacks It falls into.Soak is made using root-inducing powder and purple Lasiosphaera fenzlii liquid bacterium and distilled water in the present invention, and short fringe is dipped in soak Cuttage is carried out after few 3h, since cutting medium uses the special soil including humic acid soil, purple Lasiosphaera fenzlii liquid bacterium can be provided Growing environment can dramatically increase the root system of crop by purple Lasiosphaera fenzlii liquid bacterium, hence it is evident that promote root system to the soil nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium Absorption, root system and then more flourishing, and flourishing root system enables cuttage seeding to grow well, improves the speed of growth and is multiplied into Motility rate.Tea shoot of the present invention is transplanted to the field of the humic acid soil of Karst region, is played enhancing by humic acid soil and is made Object root system enables tea shoot root system to form cobweb root system, and the humic acid of component is most enlivened in energy stable soil humus, and right Soil realizes water suction fertilizer conservation, can play Soil and water conservation in the Karst region of water shortage.It is numerous using bird king tea cuttage of the present invention Growing method can realize that bird king tea is planted on a large scale in Karst region, realize scale, the industrialization production of bird king tea, especially It is suitble in Karst region Efficient Cultivation, provides the road built up the family fortunes for Karst Mountainous Area, guizhou, china peasant.

Specific embodiment

Of the invention is suitable for bird king's tea cuttage breeding method in Karst region, is had follow steps,

(1), Tree Species Selection: with Niao Wang group kind for provenance parent, numerous fine individual plant kind is expanded after individual plant selection, identification Tea tree seedling as provenance breeding.It is special according to the productive and economic characters of each kind in Niao Wang tea group kind and clone breeding Point purposefully selects well-grown, and resistance is strong, and economic characters are excellent, can be selected and belongs to mid-early maturity, suitable for making famous green tea The excellent variety of " Guiding cloud and mist tribute tea "-bird king plants single plant and cultivates as tea tree elite stand circle, and obtains tea tree seedling.

(2), cutting medium is prepared: by mass fraction ratio, by 3~4 parts of mixed soil sample, 4~6 parts of edible fungi residue, 2 ~3 parts of silkworm excrement and 3~4 parts of rice bran shell are uniformly mixed, and 2~3 parts of Honeysuckle flower dregs of a decoction mixing are added, by soil pH control Cutting medium soil is made 4.0~5.5 in system, can be played by the cutting medium soil and provide edaphon suitable growth Acid-base property, persistently give cuttage seeding improve soil nutrient, provide plant subsequent growth enough fertility support, while also increase soil Earth permeability, can make the breathing of crop root, and drastically reduce bad root phenomenon.Mixed soil sample of the invention is with mass fraction Than under the karst mountain for 10 parts humic acid soil and 1~3 part of Guizhou Plateau bath pool soil mix, plant can be allowed to mention The Soil Micro-environment of preceding suitable growth.

Cutting medium of the present invention uses 3.5 parts of mixed soil sample, 5 parts of edible fungi residue, 2.5 parts of silkworm excrement and 3.5 Part rice bran shell be uniformly mixed, add 2.5 parts of Honeysuckle flower dregs of a decoction mixing, by soil pH control 4.5, and mixed soil sample with Mass fraction than under the karst mountain for 10 parts humic acid soil and 2 parts of Guizhou Plateau bath pool soil mix.This hair Bright to be laid in cutting medium soil spare in wooden case, cutting medium soil is laid on the depth in wooden case not less than 10cm.

(3), prepared by cuttage seeding: before annual spring rudiment, cutting the short fringe of long 3~4cm on tea tree seedling, short fringe top A leaf is stayed, there will be the branch of leaf to cut among short fringe, and clip is smooth, clip is oblique to be cut into 1.0~1.5cm's to identical with leaf Root-inducing powder is added 1000ml distilled water by mass parts ratio 1:2.5~3.5 with purple Lasiosphaera fenzlii liquid bacterium and stirred evenly by angle segment Soak is made, root-inducing powder can be also added 1000ml distilled water by mass parts ratio 1:3 with purple Lasiosphaera fenzlii liquid bacterium and stirred by the present invention Uniformly obtained soak is mixed, cuttage is carried out after short fringe is impregnated at least 3h in soak, since humic acid soil can be purple Lasiosphaera nipponica(Kawam.)Y.Kobayasi late growth provides a natural culture medium, promotes nitrogen phosphorus in soil to be absorbed by short fringe root system, not only solves purple Color Lasiosphaera fenzlii liquid bacterium infection rate is not high, be easy to cause the problem of cuttage seeding death, and can also promote bird king tea and purple Lasiosphaera nipponica(Kawam.)Y.Kobayasi Efficient symbiosis utilizes soil nutrient, is survived with promoting cuttage seeding to take root as early as possible, Lasiosphaera fenzlii liquid spawn of the invention can be used ZL201410082599.8 discloses purple Lasiosphaera fenzlii liquid spawn.

(4), cuttage: 1~2h waters compartment face with water before cuttage, smoothes out compartment face soil, smoothes out compartment face soil with plank or iron plate Earth simultaneously slightly extracts out mud, by the short fringe trimmed by 3~5cm of spacing in the rows, 5~8cm of line-spacing cuttage on cutting medium soil, and Each short fringe blade is exposed and towards downwind, avoids damage to cuttings clip in cuttage, can suppress soil of practising physiognomy by rolling process Earth after causing mud layer tight knot, fixes short fringe direction with hand, comes into full contact with soil with short fringe, and being firmly unable to lift with hand pin is advisable, After cuttage finishes, pours root water and take shading screen shade.

(5), cuttage management:

1., watering: cuttage initial stage, daily watering 1 time, water, which is subject to, to be irrigated, and is continued until cuttage seedling rooting, cuttage Seedling rooting was at 8~10 days.

2., weeding: seedbed see grass just remove.Tea shoot is pinned with a hand when weeding out the rank grass, another hand gently extracts weeds, Cuttage seeding is not influenced.

3., top dressing: start top dressing when cuttage seedling leaf grows to 4, cuttage seeding is total to top dressing 5~8 times in growth period.

4., take off film: start to take off shading screen when the blade of cuttage seeding grows to 4 and practice seedling, noon first takes off from both ends when the Heavenly Stems, At night cover, when adapt to after a week, film is all opened, is adjusted when taking off film depending on its weather condition.

5., transplanting: after growth of cuttage seedlings 30~40 days, tea shoot is transplanted to the field of humic acid soil, before transplanting Tea shoot root is trimmed, and the tea shoot root after trimming is dipped in the mud for being completely mixed with nitrogen-fixing bacteria, to improve transplanting survival rate, Tea shoot is put into cave, soil is buried and treads, is watered, while every plant is applied high-quality muck 10kg or more, the later period carries out normal field pipe Reason and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.

The present invention carries out site preparation and fertilising before tea shoot transplanting, to the field of humic acid soil.Can site preparation in two times, first Secondary removing surface weeds, disinfection, deep ploughs, depth 25cm or more.It deep ploughs before making seedbed for the second time, about 15-20cm, soil The whole thin, leveling of block.Open compartment: the direction in seedbed is according to the tendency in plot, it is determined as longitudinal (with the wind)；Field generally with East and West direction compared with It is good, before opening compartment, soil disinfection first is carried out with desinsection, fungicide, compartment, the wide 1.0m in compartment face, furrow width 0.5m, ditch depth are opened with 1.5m 0.15m, length no more than 20m to be advisable, and after compartment is held successfully, then in the cubsoil of compartment face upper berth 10cm thickness, flattens and gently compresses, in case With.It applies fertilizer to the subsoil within 1 month before transplanted seedling, such as every cave bottom application of organic fertilizers 0.5kg, green manure 0.3kg, grouts waste of organic matter 0.2kg, bio-bacterial manure 30g, increase by 20~30g of water-loss reducer of soil, 5~10g of bacteria cellulose after fertilising, surface soil backfills thereon 20cm is thick.

Conventional field management is carried out after cuttage transplantation of seedlings, is colonized current year weeding 3 times, is needed after transplanting fertilising 2~3 times, 4~September of the first three years part is respectively applied fertilizer 2 times after field planting, applies for the first time in mid-April~the first tenday period of a month in May application, second of early autumn, Dig pit or when ditching-fertilizing, every plant of tree applies digging 15cm wide ditch from diameter Ji20cmChu, general 500 square metres apply it is high-quality organic 2~3 tons of fertilizer.Field planting the next winter is periodically trimmed, annual trimming 1 time.

The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control after cuttage transplantation of seedlings, periodically trimming increases bird king tea ventilation and penetrating light in the ranks, to reduce gray mold Occur, while the invalid tissue of discarded tea tree branch, climing, the sick leaf of disease and blight being embedded in deeper soil layer, it can be increased and rotted Degree and reduction germ survival rate, reduce the primary infection source of next year.Within dormant period, general fluffy face pest carries out fluffy face and sweeps Spray, bird king tea clump middle and lower part pest lime sulfur 1~2 time of 4~5 Baume degrees of spray, prevent stem using side position low-gallonage spraying Maize ear rot occurs.It avoids damaging bird king's tea root system during cultivation management, soil disinfection is carried out before planting, to prevent root knot from sending out It is raw.The dry branches and fallen leaves for removing bird king tea in time roots out the weeds around bird king's tea, and concentration makees compost, can eliminate a variety of blade face diseases Harmful bacterium source destroys the hibernacle of various pests, reduces overwintering survival rate, and 5 Baume degrees lime sulfurs is respectively used to spray in October, March It is trunk 2 times, simultaneous to control bird king's tea stem rot.

Embodiment 1

Of the invention is suitable for bird king's tea cuttage breeding method in Karst region,

(1), Tree Species Selection: with Niao Wang group kind for provenance parent, expand after conventional method carries out individual plant selection, identification numerous The tea tree seedling that fine individual plant kind is bred as provenance.

(2), cutting medium is prepared: by mass fraction ratio, by the mixed soil sample of 3.5kg, the edible fungi residue of 5kg, 2.5kg Silkworm excrement and 3.5kg rice bran shell be uniformly mixed, add 2.5kg the Honeysuckle flower dregs of a decoction mixing, by soil pH control exist 4.5, cutting medium soil is made, cutting medium soil is laid in spare, skewer in the wooden case of long 40cm, width 20cm, high 12cm Slotting matrix soil is laid on the depth in wooden case in 11cm, and mixed soil sample is with mass fraction than the corruption under the karst mountain for 10kg The Guizhou Plateau bath pool soil for growing sour soil earth and 1.5kg mixes.

(3), prepared by cuttage seeding: before annual spring rudiment, cutting the short fringe of long 3cm on tea tree seedling, short fringe top stays one Leaf will have the branch of leaf to cut among short fringe, and clip is smooth, clip it is oblique with leaf to the identical angle segment for being cut into 1.5cm, The purple Lasiosphaera fenzlii liquid bacterium of the root-inducing powder of 10g and 30g addition 1000ml distilled water are stirred evenly into obtained soak, short fringe is being soaked Cuttage is carried out after impregnating 3.8h in bubble liquid.

(4), cuttage: 2h waters compartment face with water before cuttage, smoothes out compartment face soil, smoothes out compartment face soil with plank or iron plate And mud is slightly extracted out, by the short fringe trimmed by spacing in the rows 4cm, line-spacing 6cm cuttage on cutting medium soil, and each short fringe leaf Piece is exposed and towards downwind, avoids damage to cuttings clip in cuttage, suppresses soil of practising physiognomy with rolling process, causes mud layer tight After knot, short fringe direction is fixed with hand, comes into full contact with soil with short fringe, being firmly unable to lift with hand pin is advisable, and after cuttage finishes, pours Root water simultaneously takes shading screen shade.

(5), cuttage management:

1., watering: cuttage initial stage, daily watering 1 time, water, which is subject to, to be irrigated, and is continued to 8~9 days cuttage seedling rooting skewers Until seedlings plugging is taken root.

2., weeding: seedbed see grass just remove.Tea shoot is pinned with a hand when weeding out the rank grass, another hand gently extracts weeds, Cuttage seeding is not influenced.

3., top dressing: start top dressing when cuttage seedling leaf grows to 4, cuttage seeding is total to top dressing 6 times in growth period.

4., take off film: start to take off shading screen when the blade of cuttage seeding grows to 4 and practice seedling, noon first takes off from both ends when the Heavenly Stems, At night cover, when adapt to after a week, film is all opened, is adjusted when taking off film depending on its weather condition.

5., transplanting: after growth of cuttage seedlings 35 days, tea shoot is transplanted to the field of humic acid soil, transplanting before to tea Seedling root is trimmed, and the tea shoot root after trimming is dipped in the mud for being completely mixed with nitrogen-fixing bacteria, to improve transplanting survival rate, by tea Seedling is put into cave, is buried soil and is treaded, watering, while every plant is applied high-quality muck 12kg, and the later period carries out normal field management and disease pest Evil prevention and treatment.

Before tea shoot transplanting, site preparation and fertilising are carried out to the field of humic acid soil, surface weeds is removed for the first time, disappears Poison, deep ploughing to 0.3m.It deep ploughs again before making seedbed for the second time, tilling depth height is 0.2m, the whole thin, leveling of soil block.Open compartment it Preceding to carry out soil disinfection with desinsection, fungicide, the direction in seedbed is according to the tendency in plot when unpacking, it is determined as and longitudinal (with the wind), with 1.5m opens compartment, the wide 1.0m in compartment face, furrow width 0.5m, ditch depth 0.15m, after compartment is held successfully, then in the cubsoil of compartment face upper berth 10cm thickness, leveling And gently compress, with spare.It applies fertilizer to the subsoil within 1 month before transplanted seedling, every cave bottom application of organic fertilizers 0.5kg, green manure 0.3kg, grouts etc. have Machine object waste 0.2kg, bio-bacterial manure 30g, increase water-loss reducer of soil 25g, bacteria cellulose 8g after fertilising, surface soil backfills thereon 20cm is thick.

Conventional field management is carried out after cuttage transplantation of seedlings, is colonized current year weeding 3 times, is applied fertilizer 3 times after transplanting, after field planting 4~September of the first three years part is respectively applied fertilizer 2 times, applies for the first time in mid-April~the first tenday period of a month in May, and when second of early autumn applies, dig pit or Every plant of tree is digging the application of 15cm wide ditch from diameter Ji20cmChu when ditching-fertilizing, and general 500 square metres are applied high-quality organic fertilizer 2.5 Ton.Field planting the next winter is periodically trimmed, annual trimming 1 time.

After cuttage transplantation of seedlings when the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, periodically trimming increases bird king tea ventilation and penetrating light in the ranks, while will give up The invalid tissue for abandoning tea tree branch, climing, the sick leaf of disease and blight is embedded in deeper soil layer.Within dormant period, general fluffy face pest is real Spray is swept in the fluffy face of row, and for bird king tea clump middle and lower part pest using side position low-gallonage spraying, lime sulfur 2 times of 4.2 Baume degrees that spray are pre- Anti- stem rot occurs.It avoids damaging bird king's tea root system during cultivation management, soil disinfection is carried out before planting, to prevent crown gall Disease occurs.The dry branches and fallen leaves for removing bird king tea in time, roots out the weeds around bird king's tea, and concentration makees compost, can eliminate a variety of leaves The bacterium source of face disease destroys the hibernacle of various pests, reduces overwintering survival rate, respectively uses the stone of 4.2 Baume degrees in October, March Sulphur mixture sprays trunk 2 times, simultaneous to control bird king's tea stem rot.

Cuttage breeding method of the invention is used through test, survival rate is up to 96%, and cuttage seedling rooting was at 8~9 days, than passing System method shifts to an earlier date 2 days；Rapidly, height of seedling increases 20cm than existing method up to 100cm after cuttage 1 year for growth, can be in karst Area carries out the cutting propagation that bird king tea produces.

Embodiment 2

Of the invention is suitable for bird king's tea cuttage breeding method in Karst region,

(1), Tree Species Selection: with Niao Wang group kind for provenance parent, expand after conventional method carries out individual plant selection, identification numerous The tea tree seedling that fine individual plant kind is bred as provenance.

(2), prepare cutting medium: by mass fraction ratio, by the mixed soil sample of 3.8kg, 5.8kg edible fungi residue, The silkworm excrement of 2.8kg and the rice bran shell of 3.8kg are uniformly mixed, and add the Honeysuckle flower dregs of a decoction mixing of 2.8kg, soil pH is controlled 4.6, cutting medium soil is made, cutting medium soil is laid in it is spare in the wooden case of long 40cm, width 20cm, high 13cm, Cutting medium soil is laid on the depth in wooden case in 12cm, and mixed soil sample is with mass fraction than under the karst mountain for 10Kg The Guizhou Plateau bath pool soil of humic acid soil and 2.5Kg mix.(3), prepared by cuttage seeding: before annual spring rudiment, cutting A leaf is stayed on the short fringe of long 3.5cm on lower tea tree seedling, short fringe top, will have the branch of leaf to cut among short fringe, and clip is smooth, Clip it is oblique with leaf to the identical angle segment for being cut into 1.2cm, the purple Lasiosphaera fenzlii liquid bacterium of the root-inducing powder of 10g and 35g are added 1000ml distilled water stirs evenly obtained soak, carries out cuttage after short fringe is impregnated 4h in soak.

(4), cuttage: 1.5h waters compartment face with water before cuttage, smoothes out compartment face soil, smoothes out compartment face soil with plank or iron plate Earth simultaneously slightly extracts out mud, by the short fringe trimmed by spacing in the rows 4.5cm, line-spacing 7cm cuttage on cutting medium soil, and it is each short Fringe blade is exposed and towards downwind, avoids damage to cuttings clip in cuttage, suppresses soil of practising physiognomy with rolling process, causes mud After layer tight knot, short fringe direction is fixed with hand, comes into full contact with soil with short fringe, being firmly unable to lift with hand pin is advisable, and cuttage finishes Afterwards, it pours root water and takes shading screen shade.

(5), cuttage management:

1., watering: cuttage initial stage, daily watering 1 time, water, which is subject to, to be irrigated, and is continued to the 7th~8 day cuttage seedling rooting Until.

2., weeding: seedbed see grass just remove.Tea shoot is pinned with a hand when weeding out the rank grass, another hand gently extracts weeds, Cuttage seeding is not influenced.

3., top dressing: start top dressing when cuttage seedling leaf grows to 4, cuttage seeding is total to top dressing 6 times in growth period.

4., take off film: start to take off shading screen when the blade of cuttage seeding grows to 4 and practice seedling, noon first takes off from both ends when the Heavenly Stems, At night cover, when adapt to after a week, film is all opened, is adjusted when taking off film depending on its weather condition.

5., transplanting: after growth of cuttage seedlings 32 days, tea shoot is transplanted to the field of humic acid soil, transplanting before to tea Seedling root is trimmed, and the tea shoot root after trimming is dipped in the mud for being completely mixed with nitrogen-fixing bacteria, to improve transplanting survival rate, by tea Seedling is put into cave, is buried soil and is treaded, watering, while every plant is applied high-quality muck 12kg, and the later period carries out normal field management and disease pest Evil prevention and treatment.

Before tea shoot transplanting, site preparation and fertilising are carried out to the field of humic acid soil, surface weeds is removed for the first time, disappears Poison carries out at least deep ploughing of 0.3m.It deep ploughs before making seedbed for the second time, tilling depth height is 0.25m, the whole thin, leveling of soil block.It is opening Carries out soil disinfection with desinsection, fungicide before compartment, the direction in seedbed is according to the tendency in plot when unpacking, it is determined as longitudinally (suitable Wind), compartment, the wide 1.0m in compartment face, furrow width 0.5m, ditch depth 0.15m, after compartment is held successfully, then in the heart of compartment face upper berth 10cm thickness are opened with 1.5m Soil is flattened and is gently compressed, with spare.It applies fertilizer to the subsoil within 1 month before transplanted seedling, every cave bottom application of organic fertilizers 0.5kg, green manure 0.3kg, cake The waste of organic matter such as dregs of rice 0.2kg, bio-bacterial manure 30g, increase water-loss reducer of soil 25g, bacteria cellulose 8g after fertilising, surface soil is returned It is thick to fill out 20cm thereon.

It when carrying out conventional field management after cuttage transplantation of seedlings, is colonized current year weeding 3 times, applies fertilizer 2 times after transplanting, be colonized 4~September of the first three years part is respectively applied fertilizer 2 times afterwards, applies, digs pit in mid-April~the first tenday period of a month in May application, second of early autumn for the first time Or every plant of tree is digging the application of 15cm wide ditch from diameter Ji20cmChu when ditching-fertilizing, general 500 square metres are applied high-quality organic fertilizer 3 Ton.Field planting the next winter is periodically trimmed, annual trimming 1 time.

After cuttage transplantation of seedlings when the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, periodically trimming increases bird king tea ventilation and penetrating light in the ranks, while will discard The invalid tissue of tea tree branch, climing, the sick leaf of disease and blight is embedded in deeper soil layer.Within dormant period, general fluffy face pest is carried out Spray is swept in fluffy face, and bird king tea clump middle and lower part pest is using side position low-gallonage spraying, the 2 prevention stems of lime sulfur for 5 Baume degrees that spray Maize ear rot occurs.It avoids damaging bird king's tea root system during cultivation management, soil disinfection is carried out before planting, to prevent root knot from sending out It is raw.The dry branches and fallen leaves for removing bird king tea in time roots out the weeds around bird king's tea, and concentration makees compost, can eliminate a variety of blade face diseases Harmful bacterium source destroys the hibernacle of various pests, reduces overwintering survival rate, respectively uses the lime sulfur of 5 Baume degrees in October, March Spray trunk 2 times, it is simultaneous to control bird king's tea stem rot.

Cuttage breeding method of the invention is used through test, survival rate is up to 98%, and cuttage seedling rooting was at 7~8 days, than passing System method shifts to an earlier date 3 days；Rapidly, height of seedling increases 25cm than existing method up to 105cm after cuttage 1 year for growth, can be in karst Area carries out the cutting propagation that bird king tea produces.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of is suitable for bird king's tea cuttage breeding method in Karst region, it is characterised in that: it has follow steps,

(1), Tree Species Selection: with Niao Wang group kind for provenance parent, numerous fine individual plant kind conduct is expanded after individual plant selection, identification The tea tree seedling of provenance breeding；

(2), cutting medium is prepared: by mass fraction ratio, by 3~4 parts of mixed soil sample, 4~6 parts of edible fungi residue, 2~3 parts Silkworm excrement and 3~4 parts of rice bran shell be uniformly mixed, add 2~3 parts the Honeysuckle flower dregs of a decoction mixing, by soil pH control exist 4.0~5.5, cutting medium soil is made, cutting medium soil is laid in spare in wooden case, and cutting medium soil is laid on Depth in wooden case is not less than 10cm, wherein the mixed soil sample is with mass fraction than the corruption under the karst mountain for 10 parts The Guizhou Plateau bath pool soil for growing sour soil earth and 1~3 part mixes；

(3), prepared by cuttage seeding: before annual spring rudiment, cutting the short fringe of long 3~4cm on tea tree seedling, short fringe top stays one Leaf will have the branch of leaf to cut among short fringe, and clip is smooth, clip it is oblique with leaf to the identical angle for being cut into 1.0~1.5cm Segment, by root-inducing powder and purple Lasiosphaera fenzlii liquid bacterium by mass parts ratio 1:2.5~3.5 be added 1000ml distilled water stir evenly it is obtained Soak carries out cuttage after short fringe is impregnated at least 3h in soak；

(4), cuttage: 1~2h waters compartment face with water before cuttage, smoothes out compartment face soil, by the short fringe trimmed by spacing in the rows 3~ 5cm, 5~8cm of line-spacing cuttage are on cutting medium soil, and each short fringe blade is exposed and towards downwind, after cuttage finishes, pours Root water simultaneously takes shading screen shade；

(5), cuttage management:

1., watering: cuttage initial stage, daily watering 1 time, water, which is subject to, to be irrigated, and is continued until cuttage seedling rooting；

2., weeding: seedbed see grass just remove；

3., top dressing: start top dressing when cuttage seedling leaf grows to 4, cuttage seeding is total to top dressing 5~8 times in growth period；

4., take off film: start to take off shading screen when the blade of cuttage seeding grows to 4 and practice seedling, noon first takes off from both ends when the Heavenly Stems, at night Cover, when adapt to after a week, film is all opened；

5., transplanting: after growth of cuttage seedlings 30~40 days, tea shoot is transplanted to the field of humic acid soil, transplanting before to tea Seedling root is trimmed, and the tea shoot root after trimming is dipped in the mud for being completely mixed with nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and tea shoot is put into cave, soil is buried and steps on It is real, watering, while every plant is applied high-quality muck 10kg or more, the later period carries out conventional field management and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.

2. according to claim 1 is suitable for bird king's tea cuttage breeding method in Karst region, it is characterised in that: described When preparing cutting medium, by 3.5 parts of mixed soil sample, 5 parts of edible fungi residue, 2.5 parts of silkworm excrement and 3.5 parts of rice bran shell It is uniformly mixed, adds 2.5 parts of Honeysuckle flower dregs of a decoction mixing and cutting medium soil is made by soil pH control 4.5.

3. according to claim 1 is suitable for bird king's tea cuttage breeding method in Karst region, it is characterised in that: described Root-inducing powder and purple Lasiosphaera fenzlii liquid bacterium by mass parts ratio 1:3 be added 1000ml distilled water stir evenly obtained soak.

4. according to claim 1 is suitable for bird king's tea cuttage breeding method in Karst region, it is characterised in that: in tea Before transplantation of seedlings, site preparation and fertilising are carried out to the field of humic acid soil.