CN104737828B - Chinese chestnut branch embedding grafting method - Google Patents
Chinese chestnut branch embedding grafting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104737828B CN104737828B CN201510135232.2A CN201510135232A CN104737828B CN 104737828 B CN104737828 B CN 104737828B CN 201510135232 A CN201510135232 A CN 201510135232A CN 104737828 B CN104737828 B CN 104737828B
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- grafting
- scion
- seedling stem
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- pillar
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
Provided is a Chinese chestnut branch embedding grafting method. When stock or young trees reach the grafting standard, grafting is performed, and the grafting method includes the steps of scion grafting, two-incision grafting, management performed on the current grafting year and pruning of live tree columns. Because the cortical layers of seedlings of nursery land and the cortical layers of the young trees which are planted newly are thin, the branch embedding grafting method can effectively protect the critical layers of branches and trunks, and the method is simple, practical and high in survival rate. Through the method, coppice shoots, generated after grafting, of the branches and the trunks can be removed in time or bud picking is performed as soon as possible, loss of tree liquid nutrient is reduced, and grafted buds can grow healthily and strongly. The method is particularly suitable for cultivating grafting seedlings in the nursery land and being used in a Chinese chestnut orchard where the young trees are newly planted, and the method can also be used for grafting of the branches and the trunks, with thin critical layers, of adult Chinese chestnut trees and grafting seedling cultivation of other fruit trees.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the embedding branch grafting method of the engrafting method of fruit tree, more particularly to Chinese chestnut.
Background technology
Some are specific for the grafting of Chinese chestnut tree and other fruit-tree graftings：(1) the limb of Chinese chestnut is in the season of growth, resin composition
In contain tanning matter, this material runs into the oxygen in air, and chemical reaction will occur, and forms one and aoxidizes membrane layer, darkly
Brown phenomenon, directly affects grafting survival, or even can not survive.(2) adult big tree, bark from old tress thickness, easily form crowfoot cracks, take off
Skin phenomenon；Treelet limb cortex is very thin, easily causes damage, forms dark brown spot.Chinese chestnut branch base portion resting bud life-span length and
It is many, mechanical irritation is run into, easily sprout a large amount of excessive growth branches.(4) the scion that Chinese chestnut grafting is used, preserves bad, easily loses
Water, graft survival rate is reduced.
For the problems referred to above, the engrafting method of employing is：Tack cortex grafting and slotting leather belly connect.Both engrafting methods connect
Mouth healing is slow, and survival rate is low.
Chinese patent CN100409738 is disclosed a kind of " engrafting method of Chinese chestnut tree ", the method adaptation " it is happy, branch is drawn,
Carve bud early rich technology ", with the loss for avoiding bleeding phase grafting tree, it is to avoid the advantages of strong wind hinders the generation of branch, its weak point
It is：Suitable big tree grafting, survival rate is relatively low, and grafting step is more complicated.
The content of the invention
The goal of the invention of the present invention is for the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of suitable nursery lot cultivate grafting and
Planting treelet Chestnut Orchard cultivates the embedding branch grafting method of Chinese chestnut that grafting uses.
Realize that above-mentioned purpose is employed the following technical solutions：
When a kind of engrafting method of the embedding branch of Chinese chestnut, stock or treelet reach the standard of grafting, grafting is carried out, its engrafting method
Comprise the steps：
A, scion
(1) the collection of scion：End pin top is selected to have 3 ~ 5 mixing buds, rugosity to connect in the bearing basal shoot of more than 0.6cm
Fringe；
The scion period of collection：The branch that bud is not sprouted or will be sprouted at the beginning of 4 months, is done scion by the time, and scion is used
Wet cloth bag sternly and loads in bag film, Jing of short duration storage, 0 ° -5 DEG C or so of temperature control, humid control more than 80%, 10-
Grafting after 15 days；
(2) grafting seed is selected：Height is selected to be 1.5-2 meters, seedling stem base diameter is the new talent seedling of the nursery lot of 1-2cm
It is dry to carry out grafting；
(3) grafting time：It is grafting time when temperature is spent for 13-20 in spring Chinese chestnut branch rudiment 20 days；
B, two knife graftings：
(1) stock otch：Select seedling stem at 15-20cm of ground, a hand holds seedling stem, the hand-held grafting knife of another,
Vertically oblique seedling stem base portion inner side, cuts the first knife, and depth is the 1/3 to 1/2 of seedling stem diameter, 2-3cm of incision length；Scion
Method is cut in lower end, and the choosing of the second knife is whittled into long face near seedling stem inner side one side；
(2) embedding branch：During docking, the hand for holding seedling stem is somewhat firmly outside, and in the shape that splits, the hand-held scion insertion of another is cut
At mouthful, notice that the forming layer of scion aligns with the forming layer of seedling stem, the hand of seedling stem is held in release, trunk clamps scion, then
Wound from bottom to top with film tape, knife-edge part reversely winds twice back and forth, until the edge of a knife of obturaging, finally cuts and stay 30～50cm of seedling stem
Length is labored pillar, while the young shoot that will be left behind living in pillar seedling stem is erased；
C, grafting management then：
(1) after surviving except sprout tillers scion, to the sprout tillers grown on the pillar living below graft union and above interface, every
Bud picking in 10～15 days once, should not erase completely, and on pillar living 1～3 young sprout is retained；
(2) the film tape for being wrapped in wound is untied after unbinding grafting one month, when young sprout grows to 20 ~ 30cm, and bondage
Pillar, the film tape got off with solution ties up young sprout on pillar living, in case windbreak；
(3) pinching wants timely pinching to go slightly, to pluck again when second branch grows to 30cm when scion young sprout grows to 50cm
The heart, growth-promoting bearing basal shoot；
(4) middle weeding loosens the soil in summer, autumn to nursery lot and Chestnut Orchard, in spring, summer weeding.
D, wipe out pillar living：
The sapling of seedling stem or field planting in garden, depending on the healing state at graft union, if wound healing is good, wipes out living
Post, conversely, leaving Second Year wipes out again pillar living.
Preferably, described grafting knife is special grafting knife.
Preferably, the length of the long face being whittled near seedling stem inner side one side is consistent with seedling stem knife edge length, its long face is
Inclined-plane is in beveled tip shape, the direct stock mouth of scion.
Using above-mentioned technical proposal, due to the nursery stock of nursery lot and the cortex of this kind of tree of planting treelet it is thin, using embedding branch
Method grafting, can effectively protect limb cortex, and its method is simple and direct, practical, survival rate is high, and this method is removed in time after grafting
Coppice shoot or bud picking early that limb occurs, reduce the loss of resin nutrient, make grafting bud grow vigorously.This kind of method is especially fitted
Grafting is cultivated together in nursery lot and planting treelet Chestnut Orchard is used, it can also be used to the relatively thin limb of the big tree epithelial layer of the Chinese chestnut that grows up
During the graft seedling growth of upper grafting and other fruit trees.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
The invention discloses a kind of embedding branch grafting method of Chinese chestnut, the method is carried out as steps described below：
1st, the collection of scion：Chinese chestnut scion is generally divided into two classes, and one is that the healthy and strong bearing basal shoot of choosing makees scion, this kind of branch
After grafting survival, general Second Year is capable of achieving result；Two is that the healthy and strong nutrition branch of choosing makees scion, as a result evening time 1-2,
It is exactly 3-4 annual bearings.
Selection kind is pure and excellent, the excellent maternal plant of robust growth, high and stable yield, no disease and pests harm, mechanical wound, general choosing
Selecting end pin top has 3 ~ 5 mixing buds, rugosity to make scion in the bearing basal shoot of more than 0.6cm.The elite stand of collection scion, branch
Amount is not in many cases, it is also possible to gathers nutrition branch and makees scion.
The scion period of collection, from practical operation find, " easy evening is difficult morning ", the time about at the beginning of 4 months left and right, as long as
Bud on branch is not sprouted or will be sprouted just can be so that resin has begun to flowing in limb, and scion has connect in this period
The nutrition from parent is received, very full, the Jing of short duration storage of the scion sprout for now gathering, temperature control is on 0-5 DEG C of left sides
The right side, humid control is 80% or so（Wet cloth bag sternly and loads in bag film）, grafting after two weeks easily survives.Do so one can
To shorten the storage time of branch, prevent because storage time is long, dehydration, worry moldy metamorphism, two is that the branch of collection is supported
Divide abundance, be conducive to improving graft survival rate.
, grafting principle：Between the cortex and xylem of Chinese chestnut tree, there is one layer of active cell tissue, that is, formed
Layer tissue.It can inwardly grow up to xylem, can outwards form cortex, and the fresh of thin layer can be seen when pushing bark aside
The same tissue of film, texture is fresh and tender, full of nutrient liquid.Grafting can be survived, exactly the forming layer of scion be grafted it is dry
（Stock）Forming layer, fully docking, the forming layer active cell tissue of the two affected by preference temperature, and cell liquid is mutual
Fusion, until forming common forming layer, continues to grow as a community, and scion is changed into the new branch on limb, starts to send out
Bud grows.
, grafting procedures：
When stock or treelet reach the standard of grafting：If the new talent seedling stem height of nursery lot reaches 1.5-2 meters, seedling stem
During 1-2cm of base diameter, it is possible to grafting；2 years raw seedlings of Newly built orchard field planting, in the case where rich water quality management is good,
Grafting by then young sprout reaches more than 1 meter, when dry crude diameter reaches 1.5 ~ more than 2cm, the 2nd year spring, during less than this standard,
Spring grafting in 3rd year.
(1) grafting time：When spring Chinese chestnut branch rudiment, or the peach pear flower time in full bloom, all may be used in 20 days or so time
With.
(2) two knife grafting：（Or referred to as two skill in using a kitchen knife in cookery）, the special grafting knife of grafting knife selection.
Seedling stem base portion stock cuts method：Away from 15-20cm of ground or so place, a hand holds seedling stem to seedling stem, and one hand-held to transfer
Knife is connect, vertically oblique seedling stem base portion or base portion seedling crook inner side, cut the first knife, and depth is the 1/3 to 1/2 of seedling stem diameter（Note
Meaning：Stock mouth should not be cut off using fruittree shear, because scissors destroys sometimes the cortex of clip, be unfavorable for that scion is docked, and be affected
Survival rate）, grafting knife 2-3cm of incision length；
Method is cut in scion lower end, and near seedling stem inner side, one side will be whittled into long face, be the second knife, and the length for being whittled into long face is basic
Consistent with seedling stem knife edge length, inclined-plane is in beveled tip shape.
(3) embedding branch：During docking, the hand for holding seedling stem is somewhat firmly outside, and in the shape that splits, the hand-held scion insertion of another is cut
At mouthful, notice that the forming layer of scion aligns with the forming layer of seedling stem, the hand of seedling stem is held in release, trunk clamps scion, then
Wound from bottom to top with film tape, knife-edge part reversely winds twice back and forth, until the edge of a knife of obturaging.Finally cut and stay 30～50cm of seedling stem
Length is labored pillar, while erasing the young shoot in pillar seedling stem living is left.
, grafting management then：
1. sprout tillers either grafting, or the treelet of grafting are removed, after scion is survived, below graft union and above interface
Pillar living, can all grow many sprout tillers, consume tree nutrient, young sprout growth is affected, so should be every bud picking in 10-15 days
It is secondary；But should be noted that to have smeared, particularly live on pillar, to retain 1-3 young sprout, purpose, one is in order to keep pillar living, such as
Fruit scion is not survived, and next year can be continuing with, and two is to maintain the growth of overground part and root system to balance, it is to avoid growth occur
Cross prosperous, excessive growth phenomenon occur.So, especially underlining, the Chinese chestnut tree after grafting need not apply fertilizer, water.
2. left and right after grafting one month is unbinded, it is possible to untie the film tape for being wrapped in wound, 20 are grown in young sprout ~
During 30cm, and bondage pillar, the film tape got off with solution ties up young sprout on pillar living, in case windbreak.
3. pinching wants timely pinching to go slightly when scion young sprout grows to 50cm, the pinching again when second branch grows to 30cm,
Growth-promoting bearing basal shoot.
4. be required for loosening the soil in middle weeding nursery lot and Chestnut Orchard, period typically in summer, autumn, artificial, livestock farming, machine
Ploughing can.If autumn, due to the reason such as farm work is busy, is not carried out in time, must carry out in Second Year spring.Weeding one
As be respectively to carry out once in spring, summer.
, wipe out pillar living：
The sapling of seedling stem or field planting in garden, depending on the healing state at graft union, if wound healing is good, can wipe out work
Pillar, conversely, leaving Second Year wipes out again pillar living.
Although above with a general description of the specific embodiments the present invention is described in detail,
On the basis of the present invention, it can be made some modifications or improvements, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Cause
This, without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention these modifications or improvements, belong to the scope of protection of present invention.
Claims (2)
1. when the engrafting method of the embedding branch of a kind of Chinese chestnut, stock or treelet reach the standard of grafting, grafting is carried out, its engrafting method bag
Include following step：
A, scion
(1) the collection of scion：End pin top is selected to have 3 ~ 5 mixing buds, rugosity to make scion in the bearing basal shoot of more than 0.6cm；
The scion period of collection：The branch that bud is not sprouted or will be sprouted at the beginning of 4 months, is done scion by the time, by scion wet cloth
Bag is tight and loads in bag film, Jing of short duration storage, 0 ° -5 DEG C of temperature control, and humid control is transferred more than 80% after 10-15 days
Connect；
(2) grafting seed is selected：Height is selected to be 1.5-2 meters, seedling stem base diameter is entered for the new talent seedling stem of the nursery lot of 1-2cm
Row grafting；
(3) grafting time：It is grafting time when temperature is spent for 13-20 in spring Chinese chestnut branch rudiment 20 days；
B, two knife graftings：
(1) stock otch：Select seedling stem at 15-20cm of ground, a hand holds seedling stem, the hand-held grafting knife of another, vertically
Oblique seedling stem base portion inner side, cuts the first knife, and depth is the 1/3 to 1/2 of seedling stem diameter, 2-3cm of incision length；Scion lower end
Cut method, the choosing of the second knife is whittled into long face near seedling stem inner side one side, the length of the long face being whittled near seedling stem inner side one side
Consistent with seedling stem knife edge length, its long face is inclined-plane in beveled tip shape, the direct stock mouth of scion；
(2) embedding branch：During docking, the hand for holding seedling stem is somewhat firmly outside, and in the shape that splits, otch is inserted in the hand-held scion of another
Place, notices that the forming layer of scion aligns with the forming layer of seedling stem, and the hand of seedling stem is held in release, and trunk clamps scion, Ran Houyong
Film tape winds from bottom to top, and knife-edge part reversely winds twice back and forth, until the edge of a knife of obturaging, finally cuts and stay seedling stem 30～50cm length
Pillar of laboring is spent, while the young shoot that will be left behind living in pillar seedling stem is erased；
C, grafting management then：
(1) after surviving except sprout tillers scion, to the sprout tillers grown on the pillar living below graft union and above interface, every 10～
Bud picking in 15 days once, should not erase completely, and on pillar living 1～3 young sprout is retained；
(2) the film tape for being wrapped in wound is untied after unbinding grafting one month, and when young sprout grows to 20 ~ 30cm, and bondage is lived and propped up
Post, the film tape got off with solution ties up young sprout on pillar living, in case windbreak；
(3) pinching wants timely pinching to go slightly when scion young sprout grows to 50cm, the pinching again when second branch grows to 30cm, promotees
Raw bearing basal shoot；
(4) middle weeding loosens the soil in summer, autumn to nursery lot and Chestnut Orchard, in spring, summer weeding；
D, wipe out pillar living：
The sapling of seedling stem or field planting in garden, depending on the healing state at graft union, if wound healing is good, wipes out pillar living, instead
It, leaves Second Year and wipes out pillar living again.
2. the engrafting method of the embedding branch of Chinese chestnut according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described grafting knife is special transferring
Connect knife.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510135232.2A CN104737828B (en) | 2015-03-26 | 2015-03-26 | Chinese chestnut branch embedding grafting method |
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| CN201510135232.2A CN104737828B (en) | 2015-03-26 | 2015-03-26 | Chinese chestnut branch embedding grafting method |
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| CN104737828B true CN104737828B (en) | 2017-05-03 |
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105284433A (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2016-02-03 | 贵州省仁怀市金水湾果业有限公司 | Branch-embedding grafting method for fragrant pear trees |
| CN105557318A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-05-11 | 河北省林业科学研究院 | Grafting method for apple tree |
| CN106358774A (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2017-02-01 | 曹淑云 | Chinese chestnut big-tree top-grafting method |
| CN106857001B (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2020-05-19 | 山东省果树研究所 | Branch embedding grafting method for bald trunk branch supplement of fruit tree |
| CN107820886A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-03-23 | 阿坝州三奥农林有限责任公司 | A kind of Chinese prickly ash square bud connects modification method |
| CN108353720A (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2018-08-03 | 迁西县五为生物科技有限公司 | The dry restorative procedure of long major branch on Chinese chestnut tree |
| CN111492818B (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2021-11-16 | 河北科技师范学院 | Chestnut tree groove-remaining grafting method |
| CN112655394A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-16 | 武红霞 | Chinese chestnut grafting method |
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| CN101305677A (en) * | 2008-05-21 | 2008-11-19 | 崔俊财 | Grafting method of Chinese chestnut tree and oak |
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| KR100873869B1 (en) * | 2007-02-20 | 2008-12-16 | 대한민국 | Variant Chestnut Grown by Grafting |
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| CN101305677A (en) * | 2008-05-21 | 2008-11-19 | 崔俊财 | Grafting method of Chinese chestnut tree and oak |
| CN101406149A (en) * | 2008-11-14 | 2009-04-15 | 刘桂玉 | Quick seedling cultivation and one-year outplanting technique for fruit tree |
| CN103749157A (en) * | 2013-11-30 | 2014-04-30 | 万洪转 | Grafting cultivation method for Chinese chestnuts |
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