CN106857001B - Branch embedding grafting method for bald trunk branch supplement of fruit tree - Google Patents
Branch embedding grafting method for bald trunk branch supplement of fruit tree Download PDFInfo
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- CN106857001B CN106857001B CN201710199942.0A CN201710199942A CN106857001B CN 106857001 B CN106857001 B CN 106857001B CN 201710199942 A CN201710199942 A CN 201710199942A CN 106857001 B CN106857001 B CN 106857001B
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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Abstract
The invention discloses a branch-embedding grafting method for fruit tree bald trunk branch compensation, which relates to a branch management method for fruit tree cultivation, is used for variety replacement of bald trunk branch compensation and big tree head-changing grafting of fruit trees, is easy to understand and operate, adopts a one-peg one-tongue mode for scions, a grafting opening is formed by combining electric drilling and T-shaped bark opening, after the scions are embedded, the combination of the scions is very firm before the opening is healed, large-area contact of 3 surfaces and 5 lines of scion cambium layers can be realized, the healing speed of the grafting opening is greatly improved, the scions and the trunks can be rapidly and comprehensively fused, the grafting survival rate and the success rate of tree body reconstruction are greatly improved, the labor for binding and supporting the scion branches is saved, the management cost is greatly saved, the method not only can be generally suitable for various fruit trees which can leave the bark in spring and have trunks, and particularly for stone fruit trees with easy-flowing glue wounds such as cherries, peaches and the like, the significance is more important.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a branch management method for fruit tree cultivation, in particular to a branch-embedding grafting method for supplementing bald branches of fruit trees.
Background
For various fruit trees which can be peeled and have stems in spring, 15 grafting methods are adopted in the prior production, namely T-shaped budding, budding with xylem, embedded budding, attached budding, square budding, tender branch grafting, double-tongue grafting, cleft grafting, bark grafting, splicing, cutting grafting, cutting abdominal grafting, lapping, cross-grafting and bridging. For bald trunks, only 2 traditional grafting methods are available, one method is bud grafting with xylem in late autumn, namely in the last 9 months, the bud body grafted by the method is low in nutrition, is easily frozen in winter, is easily interfered by the top advantages of trees, is usually slow in germination in spring and is easily excessively wrapped by tree stocks and the buds are weak in germination or do not germinate, so that the method is not a proper bald branch supplementing method; the other is the belly cutting grafting carried out in spring near germination, which is divided into single-knife belly cutting grafting and V-shaped belly cutting grafting, and the single-knife belly cutting grafting almost cuts off the trunk to lose the support of the upper tree body due to the larger diameter of the bald trunk, so the single-knife belly cutting grafting is not suitable for use, but only can be used for V-shaped belly cutting grafting, and the V-shaped belly cutting grafting can directly embed the scion into the V-shaped incision. However, the V-shaped abdominal incision still has the defect that the V-shaped abdominal incision is difficult to overcome, although the injury to the trunk is lighter than that of the single-knife abdominal incision, a large V-shaped incision is still needed to be made, the deepest part is more than 1/3 of the diameter of the trunk, the undamaged part of the trunk at the incision part supports the upper tree body reluctantly, the upper and lower transportation channels are seriously damaged, and the serious degree of the injury to the bald trunk is obvious. The V-shaped cutting abdominal grafting has a bigger weakness that the anvil and ear forming layer is not in line-line contact or line-surface contact, the anvil and ear forming layer has only 4 contact points, the contact area is small to the utmost point, the problem brought by the V-shaped cutting abdominal grafting is that the interface is slow to heal, the survival rate is low, the anvil and ear are combined loosely and firmly, bacteria easily invade the interface from a plurality of gaps, and after the survival scions are unbound and bound with the binding film, if the survival scions are not bound, the survival scions are easy to fall off and die due to wind blowing or touch. Therefore, finding a reliable bald trunk branch supplementing grafting method is a key point and a difficult point of the research of the fruit tree grafting technology.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an embedded branch grafting method for the branch compensation of a bald trunk of a fruit tree, which adopts a mode of drilling holes on the trunk by an electric drill, splitting a T-shaped hole under the holes and manufacturing the front end of a scion into a tongue and a peg, a peg tip is inserted into the drilled hole, a tongue piece is inserted into the subcutaneous part of the T-shaped hole, and the combination of a rootstock and an scion enables a forming layer to be fully combined in a line-surface contact mode of 3 surfaces and 5 lines, so that the combination of the rootstock and the scion is more compact and firm, the healing of an interface is fast, and the grafting survival.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a branch-embedding grafting method for bald trunk branch supplement of a fruit tree is realized by the following steps:
1) cutting annual scion branches from mother trees in winter or early spring, sealing and storing in a refrigeration house or a freezer at-4 to-2 ℃ for later use;
2) when fruit trees germinate in spring, scion branches are extracted, scion wax sealing is carried out, 3 buds are reserved on each scion, and the diameter of each scion is 0.8 cm-1.5 cm;
3) punching a grafting part of the bald trunk by using an electric hand drill, wherein the diameter is 0.6-1.2 cm, the depth is 1-1.5 cm, burrs on the upper edge are removed by using a sharp cutter, if the trunk is grafted by embedding branches, proper grafting parts are determined to be punched around the trunk, and the included angle between the axis of a column passing through the upper circle center and the lower circle center of the drilled hole and the axis of the trunk is 60-90 degrees; if the main branches and other bone trunk branches are grafted in a branch embedding manner, holes are drilled at proper positions on two sides of the bald trunk, the included angle between the axis of the round hole column and the axis of the extension direction of the bone trunk branches is 60 degrees, and the round hole column and the natural oblique branches on the bald trunk are positioned on the same plane, so that the branch embedding grafting is avoided on the back or below the back of the bald trunk;
4) cutting a cutter at the bottom of the scion according to the ratio of 1: 4-1: 3, the scion is cut along the axis direction according to the proportion of 2.6 cm-3 cm, 0.5 cm-1 cm of thick part is obliquely cut from the front end, a notch plane and a notch plane form an included angle of 45 degrees and are cut into a peg tip shape, the diameter of the rear end of the peg tip is slightly larger than the inner diameter of a drilled hole, the epidermis is cut off around the rear end of the peg tip and a white spot forming layer is exposed, and the edge of the white spot is flush with the rear end of the notch; the thin part is made into a scion tongue piece, the front end of the scion tongue piece is sharpened from two sides, the back part of the scion tongue piece is peeled from the front end and exposed to white, the length of an exposed white area is 1/3-1/2 of the length of the tongue piece, the width of the exposed white area is 1/3-1/2 of the total width of the tongue piece, and the two sides of the exposed white area keep phloem intact;
5) transversely cutting the lower edge of the drilled hole along a tangent line of a circle by a cutter to a depth of 1 cm-1.5 cm to a cambium, vertically cutting the lower edge of the drilled hole along the bald trunk axis direction by a cutter to a depth of 2 cm-2.5 cm to a depth of the cambium, and prying barks on two sides of the vertical cut by a horn blade at the rear end of the budding cutter;
6) inserting the sharp head at the front end of a scion tongue piece into the subcutaneous part, plugging a peg tip into a drill hole, pressing a tree bark and the scion tongue piece wrapped by the tree bark with proper force by a thumb, hammering the top of the scion with proper force by a hammer along the axis direction of the scion, embedding the peg tip into the drill hole, making the contact depth of a white exposed area of the peg tip and the upper edge of the drill hole be one degree, wherein the lower plane of the peg tongue piece clings to a forming layer above a bald part, and the white exposed area on the back of the scion tongue piece clings to the forming layer below the tree bark, so that the forming layer of the peg ear is fully contacted with a 3-plane 5-line, and then tightly wrapping the grafting opening with plastic.
The invention provides a branch-embedding grafting method, which is used for bald trunk branch supplement of fruit trees, is easy to understand and operate, the scion adopts a peg-tongue mode, a trunk connector is formed by combining electric drill punching and T-shaped bark stripping, after the scion is embedded, the combination of the scion and the scion is very firm before the connector is healed, and 3 surfaces of 5 lines of scion cambium layers can be in large-area contact, so that the healing speed of the grafting connector is greatly improved, the scion and the trunk can be rapidly and comprehensively fused, the grafting survival rate and the tree body reconstruction success rate are greatly improved, the labor for binding and supporting the scion is saved, the management cost is greatly saved, the method can be generally suitable for various fruit trees which can leave the bark in spring and have the trunk, and is particularly significant for the kernel fruit trees with wounds and easy flowing glue such as cherries and peaches.
Specifically, in combination with the whole grafting process, in the step 3), the cutting edge is replaced by electric drill punching, the damage to the tree body is small, the subsequent combination with the peg tip of the scion is firm, the cambium of the scion is not easy to cause dislocation during binding, white spot is exposed around the peg tip, the callus generated by the cambium and the callus generated around the drilled hole can be quickly and circumferentially closed without leaving gaps, so that the combination of the survival scion and the tree body is firmer, and bacteria are not easy to enter the tree body after the binding is released; in the step 4), the cambium at the bottom of the prepared scion tongue piece is tightly combined with the bald dry forming cambium, and the cambium of the back exposed white area is tightly combined with bald dry bark, so that the calluses of the two can be quickly fused in a large area, and the wound can be quickly closed; in the step 6), the anvil and the spike are combined to enable the forming layers to be fully combined in a 3-surface 5-line-surface contact mode, the average contact area of the double-tongue grafting which only forms layer line-surface contact and can only be used for grafting and has the largest contact area of the forming layers of the anvil and the spike is much larger, and the combination is more compact and reliable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the grafted structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a scion according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a trunk punching operation according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the preparation of a scion according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a T-shaped opening in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 6 is a subcutaneous schematic view of a peg tip insertion drill hole and a tongue piece insertion t-shaped opening of a scion;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a grafting completion state according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a comparative V-cut ventral junction.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the following figures and specific embodiments:
in order to more clearly express the branch embedding grafting method for the bald trunk branch supplement of the fruit tree, which is provided by the invention, the invention provides the attached drawings 1-7, and the implementation steps of the invention are visually shown:
1) cutting annual scion branches from mother trees in winter or early spring, sealing and storing in a refrigeration house or a freezer at-4 to-2 ℃ for later use;
2) when fruit trees germinate in spring, scion branches are extracted, scion 1 is cut and wax-sealed, 3 buds are reserved on each scion 1, and the diameter of each scion is 0.8 cm-1.5 cm;
3) punching a grafting part of the bald trunk 6 by using an electric hand drill, wherein the diameter is 0.6-1.2 cm, the depth is 1-1.5 cm, burrs on the upper edge are removed by using a sharp cutter, if the trunk is grafted by embedding branches, proper grafting parts are determined to be punched around the trunk, and the included angle between the axis of a column passing through the upper circle center and the lower circle center of the drilled hole and the axis of the trunk is 60-90 degrees; if the main branches and other bone trunk branches are grafted in a branch embedding manner, holes are drilled at proper positions on two sides of the bald trunk 6, the included angle between the axis of the round hole column and the axis of the extension direction of the bone trunk branches is 60 degrees, and the round hole column and the natural oblique branches on the bald trunk 6 are positioned on the same plane, so that the branch embedding grafting is avoided on the back or under the back of the bald trunk 6;
4) cutting a cutter at the bottom of the scion 1 according to the ratio of 1: 4-1: 3, the scion 1 is cut along the axial direction according to the proportion of 2.6 cm-3 cm, 0.5 cm-1 cm of the thick part of the scion 1 is obliquely cut from the front end, a cutting plane and a cutting plane form an included angle of 45 degrees, the thick part of the scion is cut into a peg tip 4 in a peg shape, the diameter of the rear end of the peg tip 4 is slightly larger than the inner diameter of a drilled hole, the epidermis is cut off around the rear end of the peg tip 4 and a white spot cambium is exposed, and the edge of a white spot 5 of the peg tip is flush with the rear end of the cut; the thin part of the scion 1 is made into a scion tongue piece 2, the front end of the scion tongue piece 2 is sharpened from two sides, the back part of the scion tongue piece 2 is peeled from the front end and exposed to white, the length of a tongue piece exposed white area 3 is 1/3-1/2 of the length of the tongue piece, the width of the tongue piece exposed white area 3 is 1/3-1/2 of the total width of the tongue piece, and the two sides of the tongue piece exposed white area 3 keep phloem intact;
5) transversely cutting the lower edge of the drilled hole by a cutter along a tangent line of a circle to reach the cambium 62, wherein the length of the cut is 1 cm-1.5 cm, vertically cutting the lower edge of the drilled hole by a cutter along the axial direction of the bald stem 6 through the tangent point of the tangent line of the circle to reach the cambium 62, wherein the length of the cut is 2 cm-2.5 cm, and prying barks on two sides of the vertical cut by a horn blade at the rear end of the budding cutter;
6) inserting the tip of the front end of a scion tongue piece 2 into the position below a phloem 61, plugging a peg tip 4 into a drilled hole, pressing a tree bark and the wrapped scion tongue piece 2 with a thumb with proper force, pounding the top of a scion 1 with a hammer with proper force along the axis direction of the scion, inserting the peg tip 4 into the drilled hole, and making the contact depth of a white exposed area of the peg tip and the upper edge of the drilled hole reach, wherein the lower plane of the scion tongue piece 2 clings to a forming layer 62 above the xylem of a bald trunk 6, and the white exposed area on the back of the scion tongue piece 2 clings to the forming layer below the tree bark, so that the forming layer of the peg tip fully contacts with a 3-surface 5-line, and then tightly wrapping the grafted hole with plastic cloth.
In the following, some embodiments are specifically mentioned, and the numerical references in the embodiments are omitted for convenience.
Example 1:
1) cutting annual scion branches from mother trees in winter or early spring, sealing and storing in a refrigeration house or a freezer at-4 to-2 ℃ for later use;
2) when fruit trees sprout in spring, scion branches are extracted, scion wax sealing is carried out, and each scion is provided with 3 buds with the diameter of 1.5 cm;
3) drilling a hole at the grafting part of the bald trunk by using an electric hand drill, wherein the diameter is 1.2cm, the depth is 1.5cm, burrs at the upper edge are removed by using a sharp cutter, if the trunk is grafted by embedding branches, a proper grafting part is drilled at the periphery of the trunk, and the included angle between the axis of the upper circle center and the axis of the trunk through drilling and the axis of the upper circle center and the axis of the lower circle center and the axis of the trunk is 90 degrees; if the main branches and other bone trunk branches are grafted in a branch embedding manner, holes are drilled at proper positions on two sides of the bald trunk, the included angle between the axis of the round hole column and the axis of the extension direction of the bone trunk branches is 60 degrees, and the round hole column and the natural oblique branches on the bald trunk are positioned on the same plane, so that the branch embedding grafting is avoided on the back or below the back of the bald trunk;
4) cutting a cutter at the bottom of the scion according to the ratio of 1: 4, cutting the scion along the axial direction according to the proportion, wherein the length of the cut is 3cm, obliquely cutting off 1cm of the thick part of the scion from the front end, forming an included angle of 45 degrees between the plane of the cut and the plane of the cut, and cutting into a peg tip in a peg shape, wherein the diameter of the rear end of the peg tip is slightly larger than the inner diameter of a drilled hole, cutting off the epidermis around the rear end of the peg tip and exposing a white forming layer, and the edge of a white exposing area is flush with the rear end of the cut; the thin part of the scion is made into a scion tongue piece, the front end of the scion tongue piece is sharpened from two sides, the back part of the scion tongue piece peels from the front end and is exposed to white, the length of the exposed white area is 1/3 of the length of the tongue piece, the width of the exposed white area is 1/2 of the total width of the tongue piece, and the two sides of the exposed white area keep the phloem intact;
5) transversely cutting the lower edge of the drilled hole along the tangent line of the circle by a cutter to reach the cambium, wherein the length of the cut is 1.5cm, vertically cutting the lower edge of the drilled hole along the axial direction of the bald trunk by a cutter through the tangent point of the tangent line of the circle to reach the cambium, and prying the barks on two sides of the vertical cut by a horn blade at the rear end of the budding cutter, wherein the length of the cut is 2.5 cm;
6) inserting the sharp head at the front end of a scion tongue piece into the subcutaneous part, plugging a peg tip into a drill hole, pressing a tree bark and the scion tongue piece wrapped by the tree bark with proper force by a thumb, hammering the top of the scion with proper force by a hammer along the axis direction of the scion, embedding the peg tip into the drill hole, making the contact depth of a white exposed area of the peg tip and the upper edge of the drill hole be one degree, wherein the lower plane of the peg tongue piece clings to a forming layer above a bald part, and the white exposed area on the back of the scion tongue piece clings to the forming layer below the tree bark, so that the forming layer of the peg ear is fully contacted with a 3-plane 5-line, and then tightly wrapping the grafting opening with plastic.
Example 2:
1) cutting annual scion branches from mother trees in winter or early spring, sealing and storing in a refrigeration house or a freezer at-4 to-2 ℃ for later use;
2) when fruit trees sprout in spring, scion branches are extracted, scion wax sealing is carried out, and each scion is provided with 3 buds with the diameter of 1 cm;
3) drilling a hole at the grafting part of the bald trunk by using an electric hand drill, wherein the diameter is 0.8cm, the depth is 1.2cm, burrs on the upper edge are removed by using a sharp cutter, if the trunk is grafted by embedding branches, a proper grafting part is drilled at the periphery of the trunk, and the included angle between the axis of the upper circle center and the axis of the trunk through drilling and the axis of the upper circle center and the axis of the lower circle center and the axis of the trunk is 60 degrees; if the main branches and other bone trunk branches are grafted in a branch embedding manner, holes are drilled at proper positions on two sides of the bald trunk, the included angle between the axis of the round hole column and the axis of the extension direction of the bone trunk branches is 60 degrees, and the round hole column and the natural oblique branches on the bald trunk are positioned on the same plane, so that the branch embedding grafting is avoided on the back or below the back of the bald trunk;
4) cutting a cutter at the bottom of the scion according to the ratio of 1: 3.5, cutting the scion along the axial direction, wherein the length of the cut is 2.8cm, obliquely cutting off 0.8cm from the front end of the thick part of the scion, forming an included angle of 45 degrees between the plane of the cut and the plane of the cut, and cutting the thick part of the scion into a peg stub shaped like a peg stub, wherein the diameter of the rear end of the peg stub is slightly larger than the inner diameter of a drilled hole, cutting off the epidermis around the rear end of the peg stub and exposing a white forming layer, and the edge of a white exposed area of the peg stub is flush with the rear end of the cut; the thin part of the scion is made into a scion tongue piece, the front end of the scion tongue piece is sharpened from two sides, the back part of the scion tongue piece peels from the front end and is exposed to white, the length of the exposed white area is 1/2 of the length of the tongue piece, the width of the exposed white area is 2/5 of the total width of the tongue piece, and the two sides of the exposed white area keep the phloem intact;
5) transversely cutting the lower edge of the drilled hole along the tangent line of the circle by a cutter to reach the cambium, wherein the length of the cut is 1cm, vertically cutting the lower edge of the drilled hole along the axial direction of the bald trunk by a cutter through the tangent point of the tangent line of the circle to reach the cambium, and prying the barks at two sides of the vertical cut by a horn blade at the rear end of the budding cutter, wherein the length of the cut is 2.3 cm;
6) inserting the sharp head at the front end of a scion tongue piece into the subcutaneous part, plugging a peg tip into a drill hole, pressing a tree bark and the scion tongue piece wrapped by the tree bark with proper force by a thumb, hammering the top of the scion with proper force by a hammer along the axis direction of the scion, embedding the peg tip into the drill hole, making the contact depth of a white exposed area of the peg tip and the upper edge of the drill hole be one degree, wherein the lower plane of the peg tongue piece clings to a forming layer above a bald part, and the white exposed area on the back of the scion tongue piece clings to the forming layer below the tree bark, so that the forming layer of the peg ear is fully contacted with a 3-plane 5-line, and then tightly wrapping the grafting opening with plastic.
Example 3:
1) cutting annual scion branches from mother trees in winter or early spring, sealing and storing in a refrigeration house or a freezer at-4 to-2 ℃ for later use;
2) when fruit trees sprout in spring, scion branches are extracted, scion wax sealing is carried out, and each scion is provided with 3 buds with the diameter of 0.8 cm;
3) drilling a hole at the grafting part of the bald trunk by using an electric hand drill, wherein the diameter is 0.6cm, the depth is 1cm, burrs at the upper edge are removed by using a sharp cutter, if the trunk is grafted in a branch embedding way, a proper grafting part is drilled at the periphery of the trunk, and an included angle of 75 degrees is formed between the axis of the upper circle center and the axis of the trunk through drilling and the axis of the upper circle center and the axis of the lower circle center of the drilling; if the main branches and other bone trunk branches are grafted in a branch embedding manner, holes are drilled at proper positions on two sides of the bald trunk, the included angle between the axis of the round hole column and the axis of the extension direction of the bone trunk branches is 60 degrees, and the round hole column and the natural oblique branches on the bald trunk are positioned on the same plane, so that the branch embedding grafting is avoided on the back or below the back of the bald trunk;
4) cutting the scion at the bottom of the scion according to the ratio of 1:3 of the circular area along the axis direction by using a cutter, wherein the length of a cut is 2.6cm, a thick part of the scion is obliquely cut off by 0.5cm from a front end, the plane of the cut forms an included angle of 45 degrees with the plane of the cut, the thick part of the scion is cut into a peg stub shaped like a peg, the diameter of the rear end of the peg stub is slightly larger than the inner diameter of a drill hole, the epidermis is cut off around the rear end of the peg stub and a white spot forming layer is exposed, and the edge of a white spot exposed area of the peg stub is; the thin part of the scion is made into a scion tongue piece, the front end of the scion tongue piece is sharpened from two sides, the back part of the scion tongue piece peels from the front end and is exposed to white, the length of the exposed white area is 2/5 of the length of the tongue piece, the width of the exposed white area is 1/3 of the total width of the tongue piece, and the two sides of the exposed white area keep the phloem intact;
5) transversely cutting the lower edge of the drilled hole along the tangent line of the circle by a cutter to reach the cambium, wherein the length of the cut is 1.2cm, vertically cutting the lower edge of the drilled hole along the axial direction of the bald trunk by a cutter through the tangent point of the tangent line of the circle to reach the cambium, and prying the barks on two sides of the vertical cut by a horn blade at the rear end of the budding cutter to reach the cambium, wherein the length of the cut is 2.0;
6) inserting the sharp head at the front end of a scion tongue piece into the subcutaneous part, plugging a peg tip into a drill hole, pressing a tree bark and the scion tongue piece wrapped by the tree bark with proper force by a thumb, hammering the top of the scion with proper force by a hammer along the axis direction of the scion, embedding the peg tip into the drill hole, making the contact depth of a white exposed area of the peg tip and the upper edge of the drill hole be one degree, wherein the lower plane of the peg tongue piece clings to a forming layer above a bald part, and the white exposed area on the back of the scion tongue piece clings to the forming layer below the tree bark, so that the forming layer of the peg ear is fully contacted with a 3-plane 5-line, and then tightly wrapping the grafting opening with plastic.
The grafting method provided by the invention is easy to understand and operate, the combination of the stock and the scion is firm, the healing is dense, and the grafting direction can be randomly selected, so that the grafting method is a new grafting method for bald trunks which are difficult to sprout and branch, is attractive and reliable after successful grafting, and is an indispensable important means for tree form modification and repair of fruit trees. The method is the 16 th grafting method discovered in the fruit tree world at present, and is a grafting method with important special application.
The following table shows the results of the 3 examples grafted by the method of the present invention and the control grafted by V-cut abdominal grafting (as shown in fig. 8), wherein each of the examples and the control was grafted with 30 scions, i.e., 30 specimens, and all the specimens were investigated without being tied to a support.
It is to be understood that the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and those skilled in the art may make modifications, alterations, additions or substitutions within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A branch-embedding grafting method for bald trunk branch supplement of a fruit tree is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) cutting annual scion branches from mother trees in winter or early spring, sealing and storing in a refrigeration house or a freezer at-4 to-2 ℃ for later use;
2) when fruit trees germinate in spring, scion branches are extracted, scion wax sealing is carried out, 3 buds are reserved on each scion, and the diameter of each scion is 0.8 cm-1.5 cm;
3) punching a grafting part of the bald trunk by using an electric hand drill, wherein the diameter is 0.6-1.2 cm, the depth is 1-1.5 cm, burrs on the upper edge are removed by using a sharp cutter, if the trunk is grafted by embedding branches, proper grafting parts are determined to be punched around the trunk, and the included angle between the axis of a column passing through the upper circle center and the lower circle center of the drilled hole and the axis of the trunk is 60-90 degrees; if the main branch bone trunk branch is grafted in an embedded manner, holes are drilled at proper positions on two sides of the bald trunk, the included angle between the axis of the round hole column and the axis of the extension direction of the bone trunk branch is 60 degrees, and the round hole column and the natural oblique branch on the bald trunk are positioned on the same plane, so that the branch embedded grafting is avoided being carried out on the back or below the back of the bald trunk;
4) cutting a cutter at the bottom of the scion according to the ratio of 1: 4-1: 3, the scion is cut along the axis direction according to the proportion of 2.6 cm-3 cm, 0.5 cm-1 cm of thick part is obliquely cut from the front end, a notch plane and a notch plane form an included angle of 45 degrees and are cut into a peg tip shape, the diameter of the rear end of the peg tip is slightly larger than the inner diameter of a drilled hole, the epidermis is cut off around the rear end of the peg tip and a white spot forming layer is exposed, and the edge of the white spot is flush with the rear end of the notch; the thin part is made into a scion tongue piece, the front end of the scion tongue piece is sharpened from two sides, the back part of the scion tongue piece is peeled from the front end and exposed to white, the length of an exposed white area is 1/3-1/2 of the length of the tongue piece, the width of the exposed white area is 1/3-1/2 of the total width of the tongue piece, and the two sides of the exposed white area keep phloem intact;
5) transversely cutting the lower edge of the drilled hole along a tangent line of a circle by a cutter to a depth of 1 cm-1.5 cm to a cambium, vertically cutting the lower edge of the drilled hole along the bald trunk axis direction by a cutter to a depth of 2 cm-2.5 cm to a depth of the cambium, and prying barks on two sides of the vertical cut by a horn blade at the rear end of the budding cutter;
6) inserting the sharp head at the front end of a scion tongue piece into the subcutaneous part, plugging a peg tip into a drill hole, pressing a tree bark and the scion tongue piece wrapped by the tree bark with proper force by a thumb, hammering the top of the scion with proper force by a hammer along the axis direction of the scion, embedding the peg tip into the drill hole, making the contact depth of a white exposed area of the peg tip and the upper edge of the drill hole be one degree, wherein the lower plane of the peg tongue piece clings to a forming layer above a bald part, and the white exposed area on the back of the scion tongue piece clings to the forming layer below the tree bark, so that the forming layer of the peg ear is fully contacted with a 3-plane 5-line, and then tightly wrapping the grafting opening with plastic.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710199942.0A CN106857001B (en) | 2017-03-30 | 2017-03-30 | Branch embedding grafting method for bald trunk branch supplement of fruit tree |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710199942.0A CN106857001B (en) | 2017-03-30 | 2017-03-30 | Branch embedding grafting method for bald trunk branch supplement of fruit tree |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN108738787A (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2018-11-06 | 广德县东亭乡绘绿苗木种植家庭农场 | The hole of grafting Citrus Grandis connects method on a kind of crystal sugar orange tree |
| CN108812036B (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2021-05-11 | 潘国长 | Grafting cultivation method of rhododendron seniavinii |
| CN110089288B (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2021-01-12 | 梁一坤 | Quick grafting device |
| CN110741861A (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2020-02-04 | 晴隆县沙子镇果苗园艺基地 | Planting method of autumn and moon pears |
| CN110892826A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2020-03-20 | 湖南百优特现代农业科技有限公司 | High-yield technology for grafting large cherry branches on high piles in low-cold-quantity areas |
| CN113875413A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-01-04 | 山东农业大学 | Drilling grafting method for trunk-shaped peach trees |
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| CN102265755A (en) * | 2011-06-14 | 2011-12-07 | 南京农业大学 | Convenient and fast grafting method of pear tree |
| CN104054516A (en) * | 2014-06-03 | 2014-09-24 | 铁岭市林业科学研究院 | Grafting and propagating method for corylus heterophylla fisch |
| CN104719000A (en) * | 2013-12-21 | 2015-06-24 | 芜湖新达园林绿化集团有限公司 | Novel osmanthus tree grafting method |
| CN104737828A (en) * | 2015-03-26 | 2015-07-01 | 迁西县职业技术教育中心 | Chinese chestnut branch embedding grafting method |
| CN105580645A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-05-18 | 象山以勒果蔬专业合作社 | Grafting method for kiwi berry tree |
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| CN102265755A (en) * | 2011-06-14 | 2011-12-07 | 南京农业大学 | Convenient and fast grafting method of pear tree |
| CN104719000A (en) * | 2013-12-21 | 2015-06-24 | 芜湖新达园林绿化集团有限公司 | Novel osmanthus tree grafting method |
| CN104054516A (en) * | 2014-06-03 | 2014-09-24 | 铁岭市林业科学研究院 | Grafting and propagating method for corylus heterophylla fisch |
| CN104737828A (en) * | 2015-03-26 | 2015-07-01 | 迁西县职业技术教育中心 | Chinese chestnut branch embedding grafting method |
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