CN106358767A

CN106358767A - Apple tree grafting method

Info

Publication number: CN106358767A
Application number: CN201610745717.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 辛松
Original assignee: Chuzhou City Songyuan Agricultural Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Chuzhou City Songyuan Agricultural Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2016-08-29
Filing date: 2016-08-29
Publication date: 2017-02-01

Abstract

The invention provides an apple tree grafting method and relates to the technical field of agriculture. The apple tree grafting method comprises the following steps: 1) selecting a rootstock, namely selecting an apple sapling which is 4-5 years old, and sawing off so that a tree trunk is left and branches are not left; 2) selecting a scion, namely selecting an apple tree branch which bears fruits, grows vigorously and is free of plant diseases and insect pests; 3) cutting the scion, namely cutting on one surface, with no bud, of the root of the scion by adopting a cut grafting knife, into a long smooth inclined surface being about 2.5cm long, wherein a pith part is generally not cut away, and little xylem is left preferably; and cutting the other surface into a short inclined surface being less than 1cm long, so that the lower end of the scion is in a flat wedge shape; 4) jointing, namely inserting the long cut surface of the scion into a notch of the rootstock, and aligning cambiums at the two sides, wherein the upper end of the cut surface of the scion needs to be exposed about 0.2cm; and 5) binding up, namely binding up a joint with a plastic belt which is 0.5cm wide after jointing, and applying grafting wax, so as to prevent the joint from being dried. The apple tree grafting method provided by the invention has the advantages that the original grafting method is changed, the survival speed is high, and the survival rate is high.

Description

A kind of method of apple tree grafting

Technical field

The present invention relates to agriculture graft technology field is and in particular to a kind of method of apple tree grafting.

Background technology

Apple tree is deciduous tree, and usual trees may be up to 15 meters, but about the general only high 3-5 rice of the cultivation of tress.Trunk In taupe, bark has a certain degree of coming off.Apple tree florescence be based on various places weather depending on, but be generally concentrated at 4-5 Month.Apple tree is cross-pollinatd plant, and most of kind can not form fruit from flower, and apple tree product quantity is on a declining curve, Some apple trees also gradually become apple tree inferior simultaneously；In order to solve, advanced age apple tree yields poorly and apple tree is changed to tree inferior Problem, at present, takes " big tree Grafting kind technology " to improve the problem of low yield apple tree, this engrafting method is to utilize in industry Apple tree superior clone becomes age big tree with new varieties, selects spring tip branch then to carry out Grafting kind as stock；This side Method there is a problem of new talent grow into forest slowly, bear fruit slow.

Traditional engrafting method, commonly used cut-grafting, cleft grafting, slotting skin whip graft etc., but in actual applications, exist more Defect: one is that fruit tree survival rate is not high；Two is that grafting part can not heal then；Three be during sealing wax wax layer be easily broken, Come off and reduce survival rate.It is exactly also that stock bleeding sap excessively injures the feelings such as scion, conventional wrapping impact Callus formation Condition all can occur in various degree, and it is relatively low that these defects have resulted in graft survival rate.Simultaneously for the management after grafting, very Important, the condition such as temperature, humidity is all the key factor that impact survives.Therefore, by the plant of traditional engrafting method grafting, its Survival rate is usually no more than 80%.

Content of the invention

Present invention aims to the defect of prior art and deficiency, provide a kind of survival rate high, simple to operate The method of Fructus Mali pumilae grafting trees.

For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of method of apple tree grafting, walks including following Rapid:

1) stock: Root-stock selection is the Fructus Mali pumilae seedling of life in 4～5 years, amputates and stays trunk not stay branch；

2) selection of scion: from the apple tree branch born fruit, grow vigorous and no disease and pests harm；

3) scion cutting: and then do not have the one side of bud to play knife with grafting knife in the base portion of scion, be whittled into a long 2.5cm about flat Sliding long inclined-plane, preferably, another side is whittled into the long short inclined-plane less than 1cm, makes scion for marrow of typically must not pruning, slightly band xylem Lower end is in flat wedge shape；

4) engage: the bevel of the scion cut length is inserted in stock otch inwards, and the cambium layer of both sides is alignd, scion is cut 0.2cm will be exposed in face upper end, is beneficial to the healing growth of stock and scion；

5) wrap up: after connecting, with the plastic tape of wide 0.5cm by interface colligation, and it is coated with grafting wax, with anti-drying, during colligation, must not The position of mobile anvil fringe cambium layer be aligned, elastic will appropriateness, both must not injury tissue, again firmly；

6) to carry out after scion grafts water, fertilizing management work, and the preventing and treating of pest and disease damage, until scion normally sends newly Fresh tender shoots.

Further, the described step 1) Root-stock selection age of tree is the anvil tree of 5 years.

Further, described in step 3) in, described every 7 days to 10 days, at stock and scion bondage, spray was glutinous Rice ＆ peanut milk juice.

Further, described when cutting scion, grafting knife is sharp, and handss will be steadily it is ensured that bevel be smooth, smooth, One knife is whittled into.

After said structure, the invention has the benefit that it overcomes traditional technical deficiency, change original Engrafting method, survives speed soon, survival rate is high, the graft survival rate of fruit tree reaches more than 98%, and heal at grafting complete light Sliding, improve the survival rate of grafting branch, then by above-mentioned engrafting method, the fruit tree making grafting is than general fruit tree tree life-span length 4 ～5 years, fruit tree tree sick rate was low；Bear fruit a year limit for length, percent rate of high quality fruit is high.

Specific embodiment

Embodiment

The present embodiment the technical scheme is that a kind of method of fruit tree grafting, comprises the following steps:

The described step 1) Root-stock selection age of tree is the anvil tree of 5 years.

Described in step 3) in, described every 7 days to 10 days, spray sticky rice syrup juice at stock and scion bondage.

Described when cutting scion, grafting knife is sharp, and handss will be steadily it is ensured that bevel be smooth, smooth, and a best knife is cut Become.

The present embodiment have the beneficial effect that it overcomes traditional technical deficiency, change original engrafting method, survive Speed is fast, and survival rate is high, and the graft survival rate of fruit tree reaches more than 98%, and at grafting, healing is completely smooth, improves grafting branch Survival rate, then by above-mentioned engrafting method, make the fruit tree of grafting than general fruit tree tree life-span length 4～5 years, fruit tree tree is sick Rate is low；Bear fruit a year limit for length, percent rate of high quality fruit is high.

The above, be merely to illustrate technical scheme and unrestricted, those of ordinary skill in the art are to this Other modifications or equivalent that bright technical scheme is made, without departing from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, All should cover in the middle of scope of the presently claimed invention.

Claims

1. a kind of method of apple tree grafting is it is characterised in that it comprises the following steps:

2. a kind of method of apple tree grafting according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described step 1) Root-stock selection The age of tree is the anvil tree of 5 years.

3. a kind of method of apple tree grafting according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that in step 3) in, described every 7 It sprayed sticky rice syrup juice to 10 days at stock and scion bondage.

4. a kind of method of apple tree grafting according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described when cutting scion, grafting knife Sharp, handss will be steadily it is ensured that bevel be smooth, smooth, and a best knife is whittled into.