CN105230353A - Method for grafting and shaping tree bodies of perennial seedling walnut trees - Google Patents
Method for grafting and shaping tree bodies of perennial seedling walnut trees Download PDFInfo
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- CN105230353A CN105230353A CN201510696700.3A CN201510696700A CN105230353A CN 105230353 A CN105230353 A CN 105230353A CN 201510696700 A CN201510696700 A CN 201510696700A CN 105230353 A CN105230353 A CN 105230353A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for grafting and shaping tree bodies of perennial seedling walnut trees. The method comprises following steps of: (1) selecting seedling walnut trees at tree age of more than 5 years as stocks, adopting an improved bark grafting mode in such a manner that scions are connected to stocks, dewatering outlets are arranged right under vertical knife edges of the stocks to the depth of xylem parts, diversion pipes are inserted to the dewatering outlets, scions and stocks are sealed and bound, the dewatering outlets and the diversion pipes are sealed and bound; and (2) shaping after grating. The method for grafting and shaping tree bodies of walnut trees has following beneficial effects: prior to grating, water is drained off on main trunks in order to reduce impact of root pressure upon upper main brunches on the ground in order to be favorable to graft union; grating survival rate is increased; the diversion pipes are inserted in directions facing the stocks of scions so that water is completely drained off; technology of the diversion pipes is adopted in order to reduce breeding influence during grating and comprehensively increase survival rate of walnut grating; and seedling walnut trees can be produced prematurely and stably in high yield.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the seedling tree improvement method of fruit tree, specifically relate to
grafting and the tree body shaping methods of a kind of perennial walnut of growing directly from seeds.
Background technology
Walnut is China important woody grain and oil strategy seeds, and economy, ecology and social benefit are high, strong adaptability, is the Important Economic source of Hills peasant.Shandong Province is as walnut main product province, also the development of Walnut Industry is paid much attention to over the years, also point out in Shandong Province fruit industry development ' 12 ' development plan (2011-2015), attach most importance to walnut, the large dry fruit of Chinese chestnut two, make the standardization garden that a quality of lot is high, profitable, demonstration ability is strong, focus the consruction on the provincial standardization Demonstration Garden of 100 areas more than 500 mu; Develop the standardized production base that a collection of kind is excellent, technology is intensive, management is advanced, radiation drives the whole province's 3,000,000 mu of standard Orchard Constructions.These policies are all that the good and fast development of our province Walnut Industry specifies direction.
But China's Hetaoyuan construction builds garden to grow directly from seeds for many years always, the attention of peasant household could not be caused to the kindization cultivation of walnut, kind cultivating and growing is few, and kind degree is low, mixes and gathers, fruit quality is uneven, have impact on the economic benefit of Hetaoyuan.Therefore, actively promote the kind of Hetaoyuan, standardization, large-scale planting management seem particularly important.On the other hand, walnut production management aspect also ubiquity serious the light pipe phenomenon of replanting, one is the restriction of traditional idea, think that walnut need not manage, can give free rein to produce, two are, lack basic production management technology, do not know how management core peach, it is tree-like how to cultivate high yield.Therefore, while improved variety, formulate corresponding cultivation administrative skill very necessary.
The main bugbear of walnut improvement inferior is exactly the graft survival rate of walnut and survive the tree-like cultivation of rear high yield, therefore, must explore a set of effective technical method, tree-like culture technique of getting bumper crops after setting up a set of grafting, accelerate the transformation process of walnut Low-efficiency forest.
Chinese patent literature CN102405773A (application number: 201110236874.3) disclose a kind of technique for grafting wild Chinese walnut, Wild hickory or numb willow is selected to be stock, stock fracture is whittled into inclined-plane (1), the long crust (2) of 3-5cm is pruned in " V " font (9) in the one side upper end that inclined-plane (1) is high, scion branch is pruned to the crust (5) of bud side, push stock " V " font (9) meat cortex (3) aside, meat cortex (3) is separated with xylem (4), by scion inclined-plane (6) inwardly near the xylem (4) of stock, insert from top to down, full stock saw kerf is overlapped from stock and scionwood interface again with agricultural mulching, expose scionwood, tighten.Although this grafting method improves graft survival rate to a certain extent, but this grafting method applicable object is the cathay hickory of hickory, and this grafting method uses agricultural mulching bondage, to take a lot of work waste material, be unfavorable for graft union, reduce graft survival rate to a certain extent, the inclined-plane of the stock of employing discharges water, discharge water not thorough, still have residual.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides
grafting and the tree body shaping methods of a kind of perennial walnut of growing directly from seeds, use method of the present invention, comparatively fast can realize the improved variety of walnut plantation, tree-like standardization, improve the survival rate of grafting, add output, reach the object of early high-yield.
Terminological interpretation:
Heavy cutting back: clip 2/3 of annotinous branch.Cut rear sprouting branch strongr, be generally used for master, side shoot extends end of the branch and long fruit branch is pruned.
Trunk: more than collar arrive the position of giving birth to first branch, be also trunk.
Center is done: the extension site of trunk, is the skeleton branch of tree crown center upwards vertical growth.
Major branch: directly (center leader dry) point born large branch dry from center is on major branch on fruit tree, and it is one of permanent skeleton branch forming tree crown.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
grafting and the tree body shaping methods of a kind of perennial walnut of growing directly from seeds, comprise step as follows:
(1) grafting method
The walnut of growing directly from seeds selecting more than 5 years age of trees is stock, adopts Improvement type cortex grafting, scion is received on stock, scion is connected with stock skin zone; Described Improvement type cortex grafting is make dewatering outlet immediately below the vertical edge of a knife of stock, and the dewatering outlet degree of depth reaches xylem, then inserts mozzle at dewatering outlet place, sealing, bondage scion and stock, dewatering outlet and mozzle;
(2) shaping after grafting:
Carry out before Second Year rudiment in spring after a, grafting drawing branch, carving bud work, carve bud from above a uppermost major branch is done at center 15 ~ 20cm place, carve bud interval 15 ~ 20cm, be uniformly distributed on Shi Ya center is dry, altogether retain 3 ~ 5 buds; The branch length > 120cm's of grafting the previous year, all even up, draw an angle of release 100 ~ 110 °, as major branch, the branch of length < 120cm, stays short wooden stake 10 ~ 15cm to carry out weight cutting back, after green sprouting, select a full bud, singly take out extension, erasing of other;
Within after b, grafting the 3rd year, proceed to draw branch, carve bud, select to do from center sent upper the previous year more than 120cm, well-grown stalwartness shoot, even up and make major branch, draw an angle of release 100 ~ 110 °; In conjunction with winter pruning, to the major branch that Second Year after grafting is evened up, carry out weight cutting back, the result brachyplast that upper one year extracts out, carry out summer pinching, control the prosperous length of branch;
After c, grafting, the operation of second and third year after repeated grafting in the 4th year, is formed tree-like, full height of tree degree 3 ~ 4m, has 10 ~ 12, horizontal major branch, and the dry elongated shoot of shaping rear center is no longer cut and cuts, and directly pulls open and does major branch.
The present invention is preferred, step (1) described mozzle rugosity < 0.3cm, long 5 ~ 10cm, with polyvinyl alcohol glue brushing scion after sealing, it is obtained that polyvinyl alcohol glue is that the heating of poly-second alkene alcohol ︰ water 1 ︰ 15 in mass ratio melts mixing.
The present invention is preferred, the selection of stock: the walnut of growing directly from seeds selecting more than 5 years age of trees, and the tree soma high request of walnut of growing directly from seeds is at 80 ~ 100cm, and on trunk, the branch of below 80cm is all wiped out, and does with major branch as stock carries out grafting with the center of setting body.
Further preferred, take major branch as stock when carrying out grafting, major branch rugosity requires > 2.0cm, and the major branch of rugosity < 2.0cm is all wiped out.
The present invention is preferred, the process of stock: dry and major branch reservation 10 ~ 15cm by center, amputates the end of the branch beyond removal 10 ~ 15cm at smooth place, vertical standardized cutter from top to bottom, deeply reach xylem, knife edge length is 1.0 ~ 2.0cm, chooses out cortex with point of a knife to the left and right along the edge of a knife.
The present invention is preferred, before carrying out stock process, carry out trunk make wound and discharge water, concrete steps are as follows: making wound apart from transverse direction saw on the trunk of ground 20 ~ 30cm, deeply reach xylem, make wound at trunk opposite side again, two upper and lower vertical ranges of wound are at a distance of 15 ~ 20cm.The present invention carries out making wound at the trunk of walnut and discharges water, and bleeding characteristic is very large on the impact of scion grafting survival rate, substantially increases scion grafting survival rate.
The present invention is preferred, and the joint of every upper grafting of tree is 3 ~ 5, and grafting time is to leaf stretching period after rudiment.
The present invention is preferred, and the processing method of scion is, scion is carried on the back bud side and is whittled into a large inclined-plane, the long 6 ~ 8cm in inclined-plane, and inclined-plane area exceedes center marrow, by the crust excision down of 0.5 ~ 1cm place, the back side, large inclined-plane, exposes xylem; Rip cutting on stock when inserting scion, deeply reach xylem, scion inserted along the edge of a knife, show money or valuables one carries unintentionally inside scion 0.5 ~ 0.8cm, the xylem of scion is inserted stock cortex and wooden between, the two skin zone is connected.
The present invention is preferred, and after grafting, inspection grafting part whether ponding in two weeks, is discharged water by mozzle when there is ponding, and sprout tillers of erasing in time, after grafting survival, each scion is stayed a full bud, be trained major branch, all the other are erased.Sprout tillers of erasing prevents nutrient consumption, is beneficial to grafting part healing.
The present invention is preferred, and in step a, carry out before Second Year rudiment in spring after grafting drawing branch, carving bud work, Ke Yahoujiang center is dry carries out weight cutting back, promotes pumping shoot; The major branch of length > 120cm carries out bud at quarter, interval 10 ~ 15cm between each bud after evening up in major branch base portion 40cm; The branch of length < 120cm, after rudiment, only retain a full bud, uniaxial extension, inspires long shoot.
The present invention is preferred, in step b, after selecting the shoot doing more than the 120cm sent upper the previous year from center to even up, continues to carve bud on the dry elongated shoot in center, promotes that shoot sprouts, and dry for center elongated shoot is retained 30 ~ 45cm, heavy cutting back above full bud; During winter pruning, the bud that the major branch base portion after evening up is not sprouted, proceed to carve bud, and branching promoter for plant is smeared in combination, promotes that bud is sprouted.
Of the present inventionly draw an angle of release to refer to be done the angle with major branch by center of drawing.
The present invention is preferred, and described scion variety is preferably the fragrant tinkling of pieces of jade, Shandong fruit No. 7 or Shandong fruit No. 9.
The branching promoter for plant that the present invention uses is existing commercial products, can buy in market.
Beneficial effect of the present invention
1, the grafting of walnut of the present invention and tree body shaping methods, discharge water in advance on trunk before grafting, reduce the impact of root pressure on overground part major branch, be more conducive to graft union, improve graft survival rate, scion inserts mozzle in facing directly on direction of stock, discharge water more abundant, use mozzle technology, reduced the impact of bleeding during grafting, comprehensively improve walnut grafting survival rate.
2, the grafting of walnut of the present invention and tree body shaping methods, after grafting survival, optionally even up through the present invention, stay bud, uniaxial extension, draws branch, carves bud, and it is tree-like to have cultivated high yield, enables grow directly from seeds walnut premature labor, high yield, stable yields.
Accompanying drawing explanation
fig. 1for the position relationship of dewatering outlet on stock and mozzle insertion position structure
figure.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated, but institute of the present invention protection domain is not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1
grafting and the tree body shaping methods of a kind of perennial walnut of growing directly from seeds, following steps:
(1) grafting method
1. the walnut of growing directly from seeds of 6 years age of trees is selected, trunk high request 80cm, in conjunction with grafting, the branch of below 80cm is all wiped out, dry and major branch centered by grafting part, major branch grafting rugosity answers > 2.0cm, and the major branch of rugosity < 2.0cm is all wiped out, tree joint 5, grafting time is to leaf stretching period after rudiment.
2. the wound of making of trunk discharges water: making wound apart from transverse direction saw on the trunk of ground 20cm, deeply reaching xylem, then making wound at trunk opposite side, and two upper and lower vertical ranges of wound are at a distance of 20cm.
3. stock process: major branch is retained 10cm, major branch limb, smooth place amputates, and peels off saw face sawdust, scabble saw kerf with grafting knife, and vertical standardized cutter, deeply reaches xylem, be about 1.5cm, choose out cortex with point of a knife to the left and right along the edge of a knife from top to bottom;
4. scion process: scion is carried on the back bud side and be whittled into a large inclined-plane, the long 6cm in inclined-plane, inclined-plane area exceedes center marrow, by the crust excision down of 0.5cm place, the back side, large inclined-plane, exposes xylem;
5. grafting method: rip cutting on stock during insertion scion, deeply reach xylem, scion is inserted along the edge of a knife, show money or valuables one carries unintentionally inside scion 0.7cm, by the xylem of scion insert stock cortex and wooden between, the two skin zone is connected, dewatering outlet is made immediately below the step 3. vertical edge of a knife of stock, the dewatering outlet degree of depth reaches xylem, then mozzle is inserted at dewatering outlet place, described mozzle rugosity < 0.3cm, long 6cm, then with film by scion and stock, dewatering outlet and mozzle are wrapped up tightly, finally use polyvinyl alcohol glue brushing scion, it is obtained that described polyvinyl alcohol glue is that the heating of poly-second alkene alcohol ︰ water 1 ︰ 15 in mass ratio melts mixing,
6. managing after grafting: want running check grafting part whether ponding after grafting in two weeks, ponding should be discharged water by mozzle in time if occur, sprout tillers of erasing in time, prevents nutrient consumption, is beneficial to grafting part and heals.After grafting survival, each scion is stayed a full bud, be trained major branch, other are erased.
(2) shaping after grafting:
Carry out before Second Year rudiment in spring after a, grafting drawing branch, carving bud work, bud is carved 15cm place from above a uppermost major branch is done at center, interval about 20cm, be uniformly distributed on Shi Ya center is dry, altogether retain 4 buds, unwanted bud is erased, and then carries out weight cutting back by dry for center, promotes pumping shoot.
The branch of other graftings the previous year, and length > 120cm, all even up, draw an angle of release 100 °, as major branch, and carry out bud at quarter in major branch base portion 40cm, interval 10cm between each bud; The branch of length < 120cm, stays short wooden stake 10cm to carry out weight cutting back, and after rudiment, only retain a full bud, uniaxial extension, inspires long shoot.
Within after b, grafting the 3rd year, proceed to draw branch, carve bud, select to do from center sent upper the previous year more than 120cm, well-grown stalwartness shoot, even up and make major branch, draw an angle of release 100 °.Meanwhile, continue to carve bud on the dry elongated shoot in center, promote that shoot sprouts, and dry for center elongated shoot is retained 30cm, heavy cutting back above full bud.
In conjunction with winter pruning, to the major branch of evening up the previous year, carry out rejuvenating, prevent basal knot fruit branch dry prominent.The bud that major branch base portion is not sprouted, proceed to carve bud, and branching promoter for plant is smeared in combination, promotes that bud is sprouted.
The operation of second and third year after repeated grafting in 4th year after c, grafting, tree-like formation, full height of tree degree 3.5m, has 10, horizontal major branch, and the dry elongated shoot of shaping rear center is no longer cut and cuts, and directly pulls open and does major branch.
Embodiment 2
grafting and the tree body shaping methods of a kind of perennial walnut of growing directly from seeds, following steps:
(1) grafting method
1. the walnut of growing directly from seeds of 7 years age of trees is selected, trunk high request 80cm, in conjunction with grafting, the branch of below 80cm is all wiped out, dry and major branch centered by grafting part, major branch grafting rugosity answers > 2.0cm, and the major branch of rugosity < 2.0cm is all wiped out, one tree joint 4, grafting time is to leaf stretching period after rudiment.
2. the wound of making of trunk discharges water: making wound apart from transverse direction saw on the trunk of ground 20cm, deeply reaching xylem, then making wound at trunk opposite side, and two upper and lower vertical ranges of wound are at a distance of 20cm.
3. stock process: major branch is retained 15cm, at major branch, smooth place amputates, and peels off saw face sawdust, scabble saw kerf with grafting knife, and vertical standardized cutter, reaches xylem deeply from top to bottom, and long 1.5cm, chooses out cortex with point of a knife to the left and right along the edge of a knife;
4. scion process: scion is carried on the back bud side and be whittled into a large inclined-plane, the long 8cm in inclined-plane, inclined-plane area exceedes center marrow, by the crust excision down of 0.5cm place, the back side, large inclined-plane, exposes xylem;
5. grafting method: rip cutting on stock during insertion scion, deeply reach xylem, scion is inserted along the edge of a knife, show money or valuables one carries unintentionally inside scion 0.7cm, by the xylem of scion insert stock cortex and wooden between, the two skin zone is connected, dewatering outlet is made immediately below the step 3. vertical edge of a knife of stock, the dewatering outlet degree of depth reaches xylem, then mozzle is inserted at dewatering outlet place, described mozzle rugosity < 0.3cm, long 8cm, then with film by scion and stock, dewatering outlet and mozzle are wrapped up tightly, finally use polyvinyl alcohol glue brushing scion, it is obtained that described polyvinyl alcohol glue is that the heating of poly-second alkene alcohol ︰ water 1 ︰ 15 in mass ratio melts mixing,
6. managing after grafting: want running check grafting part whether ponding after grafting in two weeks, ponding should be discharged water by mozzle in time if occur, sprout tillers of erasing in time, prevents nutrient consumption, is beneficial to grafting part and heals.After grafting survival, each scion is stayed a full bud, be trained major branch, other are erased.
(2) shaping after grafting:
Carry out before Second Year rudiment in spring after a, grafting drawing branch, carving bud work, bud is carved 20cm place from above a uppermost major branch is done at center, interval 20cm, be uniformly distributed on Shi Ya center is dry, altogether retain 3 buds, unwanted bud is erased, and then carries out weight cutting back by dry for center, promotes pumping shoot.
The branch of other graftings the previous year, and length > 120cm, all even up, draw an angle of release 110 °, as major branch, and carry out bud at quarter in major branch base portion 40cm, interval 15cm between each bud; The branch of length < 120cm, stays short wooden stake 15cm to carry out weight cutting back, and after rudiment, only retain a full bud, uniaxial extension, inspires long shoot.
Within after b, grafting the 3rd year, proceed to draw branch, carve bud, select to do from center sent upper the previous year more than 120cm, well-grown stalwartness shoot, even up and make major branch, draw an angle of release 110 °.Meanwhile, continue to carve bud on the dry elongated shoot in center, promote that shoot sprouts, and dry for center elongated shoot is retained 45cm, heavy cutting back above full bud.
In conjunction with winter pruning, to the major branch of evening up the previous year, carry out rejuvenating, prevent basal knot fruit branch dry prominent.The bud that major branch base portion is not sprouted, proceed to carve bud, and branching promoter for plant is smeared in combination, promotes that bud is sprouted.
The operation of second and third year after repeated grafting in 4th year after c, grafting, tree-like formation, full height of tree degree 4m, has 12, horizontal major branch, and the dry elongated shoot of shaping rear center is no longer cut and cuts, and directly pulls open and does major branch.
Comparative example 1
With the grafting method of the perennial walnut of growing directly from seeds of embodiment 1, difference is,
5. grafting method: rip cutting on stock when inserting scion, deeply reach xylem, scion inserted along the edge of a knife, show money or valuables one carries unintentionally inside scion 0.7cm, the xylem of scion is inserted stock cortex and wooden between, the two skin zone is connected, and uses mulch film bondage
Comparative example 2
With grafting and the shaping methods of the perennial walnut of growing directly from seeds of embodiment 1, difference is,
5. grafting method: rip cutting on stock when inserting scion, deeply reach xylem, scion inserted along the edge of a knife, show money or valuables one carries unintentionally inside scion 0.7cm, the xylem of scion is inserted stock cortex and wooden between, the two skin zone is connected, and uses mulch film bondage.
(2) shaping of tree body is not carried out after grafting.
Comparative trial
Contrasted in graft survival rate, tree-like growth traits and result by walnut after the grafting of perennial walnut of growing directly from seeds of the present invention and shaping methods and comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 grafting shaping, comparing result is shown in
table 1shown in-3.
table 1life in 7 years is grown directly from seeds walnut different grafting methods graft survival rate
table 2life in 7 years is grown directly from seeds walnut grafting ' the fragrant tinkling of pieces of jade ' the 2nd year tree-like growth traits of improvement afterwards
table 3life in 7 years is grown directly from seeds walnut grafting ' Shandong fruit No. 9 ' the 4th annual bearing proterties afterwards
Pass through
upper tablecontrast can be found out, grafting method of the present invention, and scion inserts mozzle in facing directly on direction of stock, discharges water more abundant, has used mozzle technology, reduced the impact of bleeding during grafting, comprehensively improve walnut grafting survival rate.After grafting survival, optionally even up through the present invention, stay bud, uniaxial extension, draw branch, carve bud, it is tree-like to have cultivated high yield, enables grow directly from seeds walnut premature labor, high yield, stable yields.
Claims (10)
1. the grafting of perennial walnut of growing directly from seeds and a tree body shaping methods, comprises step as follows:
(1) grafting method
The walnut of growing directly from seeds selecting more than 5 years age of trees is stock, adopts Improvement type cortex grafting, scion is received on stock, scion is connected with stock skin zone; Described Improvement type cortex grafting is make dewatering outlet immediately below the vertical edge of a knife of stock, and the dewatering outlet degree of depth reaches xylem, then inserts mozzle at dewatering outlet place, sealing, bondage scion and stock, dewatering outlet and mozzle;
(2) shaping after grafting:
Carry out before Second Year rudiment in spring after a, grafting drawing branch, carving bud work, carve bud from above a uppermost major branch is done at center 15 ~ 20cm place, carve bud interval 15 ~ 20cm, be uniformly distributed on Shi Ya center is dry, altogether retain 3 ~ 5 buds; The branch length > 120cm's of grafting the previous year, all even up, draw an angle of release 100 ~ 110 °, as major branch, the branch of length < 120cm, stays short wooden stake 10 ~ 15cm to carry out weight cutting back, after green sprouting, select a full bud, singly take out extension, erasing of other;
Within after b, grafting the 3rd year, proceed to draw branch, carve bud, select to do from center sent upper the previous year more than 120cm, well-grown stalwartness shoot, even up and make major branch, draw an angle of release 100 ~ 110 °; In conjunction with winter pruning, to the major branch that Second Year after grafting is evened up, carry out weight cutting back, the result brachyplast that upper one year extracts out, carry out summer pinching, control the prosperous length of branch;
After c, grafting, the operation of second and third year after repeated grafting in the 4th year, is formed tree-like, full height of tree degree 3 ~ 4m, has 10 ~ 12, horizontal major branch, and the dry elongated shoot of shaping rear center is no longer cut and cuts, and directly pulls open and does major branch.
2. the grafting of perennial walnut of growing directly from seeds according to claim 1 and tree body shaping methods, it is characterized in that, step (1) described mozzle rugosity < 0.3cm, long 5 ~ 10cm, with polyvinyl alcohol glue brushing scion after sealing, it is obtained that polyvinyl alcohol glue is that the heating of poly-second alkene alcohol ︰ water 1 ︰ 15 in mass ratio melts mixing.
3. the grafting of perennial walnut of growing directly from seeds according to claim 1 and tree body shaping methods, it is characterized in that, the selection of stock: the walnut of growing directly from seeds selecting more than 5 years age of trees, grow directly from seeds the tree soma high request of walnut at 80 ~ 100cm, on trunk, the branch of below 80cm is all wiped out, and does with major branch as stock carries out grafting with the center of setting body; Take major branch as stock when carrying out grafting, major branch rugosity requires > 2.0cm, and the major branch of rugosity < 2.0cm is all wiped out.
4. the grafting of perennial walnut of growing directly from seeds according to claim 1 and tree body shaping methods, it is characterized in that, the process of stock: dry and major branch reservation 10 ~ 15cm by center, the end of the branch beyond removal 10 ~ 15cm is amputated at smooth place, vertical standardized cutter from top to bottom, deeply reach xylem, knife edge length is 1.0 ~ 2.0cm, chooses out cortex with point of a knife to the left and right along the edge of a knife.
5. the grafting of perennial walnut of growing directly from seeds according to claim 1 and tree body shaping methods, it is characterized in that, before carrying out stock process, carry out trunk make wound and discharge water, concrete steps are as follows: making wound apart from transverse direction saw on the trunk of ground 20 ~ 30cm, deeply reach xylem, make wound at trunk opposite side again, two upper and lower vertical ranges of wound are at a distance of 15 ~ 20cm.
6. the grafting of perennial walnut of growing directly from seeds according to claim 1 and tree body shaping methods, it is characterized in that, the joint of every upper grafting of tree is 3 ~ 5, and grafting time is to leaf stretching period after rudiment; The processing method of scion is, scion is carried on the back bud side and is whittled into a large inclined-plane, the long 6 ~ 8cm in inclined-plane, and inclined-plane area exceedes center marrow, by the crust excision down of 0.5 ~ 1cm place, the back side, large inclined-plane, exposes xylem; Rip cutting on stock when inserting scion, deeply reach xylem, scion inserted along the edge of a knife, show money or valuables one carries unintentionally inside scion 0.5 ~ 0.8cm, the xylem of scion is inserted stock cortex and wooden between, the two skin zone is connected.
7. the grafting of perennial walnut of growing directly from seeds according to claim 1 and tree body shaping methods, it is characterized in that, grafting part whether ponding is checked in two weeks after grafting, discharged water by mozzle when there is ponding, and sprout tillers of erasing in time, after grafting survival, each scion is stayed a full bud, be trained major branch, all the other are erased.
8. the grafting of perennial walnut of growing directly from seeds according to claim 1 and tree body shaping methods, it is characterized in that, in step a, carry out before Second Year rudiment in spring after grafting drawing branch, carving bud work, Ke Yahoujiang center is dry carries out weight cutting back, promotion pumping shoot; The major branch of length > 120cm carries out bud at quarter, interval 10 ~ 15cm between each bud after evening up in major branch base portion 40cm; The branch of length < 120cm, cut in conjunction with the winter, carried out weight cutting back, and after rudiment, only retain a full bud, uniaxial extension, inspires long shoot.
9. the grafting of perennial walnut of growing directly from seeds according to claim 1 and tree body shaping methods, it is characterized in that, in step b, after selecting the shoot doing more than the 120cm sent upper the previous year from center to even up, continue to carve bud on the dry elongated shoot in center, promote that shoot sprouts, and dry for center elongated shoot is retained 30 ~ 45cm, heavy cutting back above full bud; During winter pruning, the bud that the major branch base portion after evening up is not sprouted, proceed to carve bud, and branching promoter for plant is smeared in combination, promotes that bud is sprouted.
10. the grafting of perennial walnut of growing directly from seeds according to claim 1 and tree body shaping methods, it is characterized in that, described scion variety is preferably the fragrant tinkling of pieces of jade, Shandong fruit No. 7 or Shandong fruit No. 9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510696700.3A CN105230353B (en) | 2015-10-23 | 2015-10-23 | A kind of grafting of perennial walnut of growing directly from seeds and tree body shaping methods |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510696700.3A CN105230353B (en) | 2015-10-23 | 2015-10-23 | A kind of grafting of perennial walnut of growing directly from seeds and tree body shaping methods |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN105230353A true CN105230353A (en) | 2016-01-13 |
| CN105230353B CN105230353B (en) | 2018-02-23 |
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| CN201510696700.3A Expired - Fee Related CN105230353B (en) | 2015-10-23 | 2015-10-23 | A kind of grafting of perennial walnut of growing directly from seeds and tree body shaping methods |
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Cited By (12)
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| CN105850645A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-08-17 | 山西省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Cultivation method for increasing walnut yield |
| CN106718529A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-05-31 | 河南科技大学 | A kind of best fruiting period walnut grafting high and changing head method |
| CN106718093A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-05-31 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | The mountain region engrafting method and growing on hill-side method of a kind of apocarya |
| CN107646492A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-02-02 | 尤传飞 | A kind of shaping and trimming method of nectarine peach plantation |
| CN107836232A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-03-27 | 建始绮丽果业有限责任公司 | A kind of live garden building method of sweet tea persimmon |
| CN108243755A (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2018-07-06 | 浙江省林业科学研究院 | A kind of oriental cherry propagation by grafiting method |
| CN109105122A (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2019-01-01 | 新疆林科院经济林研究所 | Method for quickly building garden on big walnut tree and grafting method |
| CN109699371A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-05-03 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院园艺研究所 | A kind of segmented walnut branch cultural method of suitable southern area |
| CN111448933A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-07-28 | 新疆林科院经济林研究所 | Multi-head optimization improving technology for walnut big tree |
| CN113141895A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-07-23 | 河池市林业科学研究院 | Walnut soaking grafting method for moisture preservation and drainage |
| CN113615409A (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2021-11-09 | 成都天河农业旅游发展有限公司 | Novel grafting method for Chinese honeylocust trees |
| CN114938754A (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2022-08-26 | 河北省农林科学院昌黎果树研究所 | Late-fruiting walnut juvenile vigorous-control updating and fruiting-promoting method |
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| CN105850645B (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2019-04-26 | 山西省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | A kind of cultural method improving walnut yield |
| CN105850645A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-08-17 | 山西省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Cultivation method for increasing walnut yield |
| CN106718093A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-05-31 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | The mountain region engrafting method and growing on hill-side method of a kind of apocarya |
| CN106718093B (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2020-05-26 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Mountain grafting method and mountain cultivation method of apocarya |
| CN106718529A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-05-31 | 河南科技大学 | A kind of best fruiting period walnut grafting high and changing head method |
| CN107646492A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-02-02 | 尤传飞 | A kind of shaping and trimming method of nectarine peach plantation |
| CN107836232A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-03-27 | 建始绮丽果业有限责任公司 | A kind of live garden building method of sweet tea persimmon |
| CN108243755A (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2018-07-06 | 浙江省林业科学研究院 | A kind of oriental cherry propagation by grafiting method |
| CN109105122B (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2022-05-13 | 新疆林科院经济林研究所 | Method for quickly building garden on big walnut tree and grafting method |
| CN109105122A (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2019-01-01 | 新疆林科院经济林研究所 | Method for quickly building garden on big walnut tree and grafting method |
| CN109699371A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-05-03 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院园艺研究所 | A kind of segmented walnut branch cultural method of suitable southern area |
| CN111448933A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-07-28 | 新疆林科院经济林研究所 | Multi-head optimization improving technology for walnut big tree |
| CN113615409A (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2021-11-09 | 成都天河农业旅游发展有限公司 | Novel grafting method for Chinese honeylocust trees |
| CN113141895A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-07-23 | 河池市林业科学研究院 | Walnut soaking grafting method for moisture preservation and drainage |
| CN114938754A (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2022-08-26 | 河北省农林科学院昌黎果树研究所 | Late-fruiting walnut juvenile vigorous-control updating and fruiting-promoting method |
| CN114938754B (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2023-08-18 | 河北省农林科学院昌黎果树研究所 | Method for controlling vigorous growth, updating and promoting setting of late-maturing walnut in childhood |
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