CN103598023A - Chinese rose or rose rapid propagation method by utilizing non-thorn multiflora for no-root grafting - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of plant propagation, in particular to a Chinese rose or rose rapid propagation method by utilizing a non-thorn multiflora for no-root grafting. The method includes 1, shearing a branch of an annual non-thorn multiflora, cutting the branch with the length of 15 to 20 cm, and keeping 1 to 2 buds to serve as grafting rootstocks; 2, selecting an annual or less annual Chinese rose or rose to serve as scions, cutting the Chinese rose or rose with the length of 10 to 15 cm, and keep 1 to 2 buds; 3, grafting the scions to the rootstocks by the grafting method, tying through a plastic film tightly, and cutting cuttings into growing matrix; 4, shielding, moisturizing and preventing the cuttings from freezing injury; when buds sprout in the next year, keeping the buds sprouted on the scions, and removing the buds sprouted on the rootstocks; 5, transplanting obtained cutting seedlings to the field after 45 d. By the aid of the method, survival rate is high, growth potential of the seedlings is strong, and the seedlings can be propagated annually.

Description

Utilize stingless multiflora rose without the method for root graft Fast-propagation Chinese rose or rose

Background technology

The present invention relates to plant propagation technical field, relevant with the method for quickly breeding of flowers, be specifically related to utilize a kind of stingless multiflora rose to carry out the method for unrooted propagation by grafiting Chinese rose or rose.The present invention has adapted to the demand of batch production, specialization and scale, can not be subject to seasonal restrictions, and can carry out the production of round-the-clock pipeline system, has greatly improved productivity ratio, survival rate and the Survival Rate of nursery stock.

Background technology

At present the propagation method of Chinese rose and rose mainly contains cottage propagation, propagation by grafiting or in vitro tissue and cultivates breeding, and in vitro tissue is cultivated breeding needs facility and high input, produces at present that upper to take cottage propagation and propagation by grafiting be main modes of reproduction.

The nutrition organs of plant departs from after parent, and regenerate root and bud develop into new individuality, are called cottage propagation.The modes of reproduction of nursery stock is very large to the output of cut rose flower and quality influence.Cottage propagation can retain the feature of viewing and admiring of Chinese rose, and expanding propagation amount, and easy and simple to handle, and survival rate is high, especially Autumn Cutting, cutting nutrient is sufficient, is difficult for catching an illness, can improve cutting storage rate, than cuttage in spring in next year, shift to an earlier date half year increment (Cui Jiping, 2007).Cuttage is carried out at spring, autumns two Ji Junke., to by the end of May now have a moderate climate in late April spring, and branch is energetic, inserts and can take root for latter one month, and survival rate is high.Autumn Cutting is in late August to carrying out by the end of October, and now cuttage is subject to the impact that day and night temperature is large, takes root relatively slow, and about 40-50d just can be taken root, and survival rate is than spring slotting slightly low (Chen Huimin, 2009).Cuttage breeding method has two kinds of epicormic branch cuttage and cuttages.Because branch upper, middle and lower portion's degree of lignification and nutrition condition be difference to some extent, degree of lignification is higher, rooting rate lower (Luo Jie etc., 2005).The research of Luo Jie etc. (2005) also finds to be with leaf and band heel cuttage to be conducive to take root, although plant leaf blade need consume a part of nutrient, it can pass through photosynthesis synthesis of organic substance, and for cutting provides nutrient, the heel of cutting band is conducive to the formation of callus.The rooting rate of cuttage is also subject to the impact of hormone.Middleton(1978) once pointed out that boron had effect to the growth of cuttage root-taking and root.Weiser and Blaney (1972) prove boron and IBA(indolebutyric acid) be combined with, cuttage root-taking is had to additive effect.Cui Jiping (2007) thinks that through experimental analysis the cutting of the full semi-lignified that has can directly carry out cuttage, for the partially old thicker cutting of lignification, for promoting rooting of cuttings, improve survival rate, the cutting shearing is put into the ABT1 rooting powder solution that the mass fraction for preparing is 100mg/kg and soak 1h.

Cuttage root-taking rate is not only subject to the impact of cutting and hormone, and operation and the management after cuttage of cuttage are simultaneously also particularly important.The strong bar of semi-lignified that flower was preferably selected out in cutting, axil bud is full and do not sprout, the paper slip 10cm left and right that cuts an above bud is cuttings, inclined-plane is cut into from bud 1-2cm place in cuttings upper end, and inclined-plane or plane (Yan Huanlan etc., 2003) are cut in lower end apart from bud 1cm place.Before taking root after cuttage, be mainly insulation and moisturizing.Moisturizing is mainly the temperature of plugging soil and matrix.When starting to take root.Will make gradually it see some scattered lights, cool canopy will cover daytime to be taken off night.Also should note the sanitation and hygiene of plugging soil, prevent the generation of disease, after taking root, when new plant starts ramp, will strengthen the general normal management work (Zhang Jin etc., 2003) such as fertilising, intertillage, weeding, the extermination of disease and insect pest simultaneously.

Grafting refers to the tissue of a plant is fused to the technology on another plant,, branch or the bud of a Plants, receives on the stem or root of another kind of plant, makes two parts that are connected together grow up to a complete plant (Du Jiyu etc., 2005).In conventional sense, grafting is that to breed be a kind of technology of nourishing and generating of object, but the object of grafting is now far beyond breeding scope, in crop breeding, genetic stability mensuration, kind renewal, germ plasm resource, preserve, and also there is application in the research such as plant physiology, plant pathology, just in most cases still using breeding as basic point of departure (Luo Zhengrong etc., 1996).The method of grafting has a lot, also has a lot of sorting techniques.But accepting more is that grafting method is divided three classes: bud grafting, scion grafting and special grafting method, and as root connects, plumule connects, micrografting etc. (Luo Zhengrong etc., 1996).

Graft technology is applied very general aspect horticulture, is not only applied to nearly all fruit tree crop, is also widely used in vegetable crop (especially melon-fruit-like vegetable) and ornamental horticulture plant.Compare with fruit and vegetables, grafting to the effect of flowers except as a kind of traditional vegetative propagation technique, prior effect is to cultivate to make new advances, very, special flowers moulding, improve the ornamental value (Xiaoli Zhang of flowers, 2002), as tower chrysanthemum, the schlumbergera of waterfall type, (the Hu Huirong such as Chinese rose of one Zhu Duose, 2002), certainly at Ornamental Plants Germplasm Resources, preserve, overcome the incompatibility of distant hybridization, cultivating the aspects such as new proterties also plays an important role, as the good natural variation occurring for camellia, general cuttage and the grafting of adopting, but cuttage need be cultivated the pregnant flower bud of ability through considerable time, bloom, and grafting rule early flowering, and can increase pattern and the kind of homophyletic camellia, improve ornamental value (Zhang Ping Fu, 2004), in order to overcome the incompatibility of lily interspecific cross, first carry out column cap grafting, then mix, just can obtain good effect (Zhang Xili, Zhou Hougao, 1999).Up to now, can people have obtained many proterties flowers that morph to obtain in flowers grafting practice, have therefrom selected new kind, just for this variation, require further study by genetic stability.

Chinese rose is the evergreen or half evergreen upright shrub of rose family Rosa, and Hua Dansheng or several collection generate umbrella room shapes; Its flower appearance Zhuo is approximately, beautiful in colour, aromatic flavour, and the florescence is long, happiness light, drought-enduring, resistance to pruning, wide adaptability is listed in the large fresh cut-flowers in the world four together with chrysanthemum, carnation, sword lily, is the major product of world flower industry.Along with the raising of China's living standards of the people, Chinese rose area under cultivation just constantly increases.

Existing Chinese rose adopts propagation by grafiting more, the multiflora rose of the main employing spinosity of its method is cooked stock, method is, first allow stock take root, the scion of grafting Chinese rose thereon again, the cycle of its seedling is approximately three months more than (90d), within 1 year, can only breed 2-3 and criticize (can not carry out anniversary production), and operating efficiency is lower, be difficult to meet the need of market.Simultaneously another defect of existing grafting method be exactly spinosity multiflora rose resistance a little less than, the thorn on multiflora rose also can have a strong impact on workman's operation.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is to overcome the defect of prior art, providing a kind of utilizes stingless multiflora rose without the method for root graft Fast-propagation Chinese rose or rose, the present invention can produce in the anniversary, be not subject to seasonal restrictions, can greatly enhance productivity, shorten the seedling time, from solving grafting, to seedling, be generally 45d one-period.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

The method of utilizing stingless multiflora rose unrooted propagation by grafiting Chinese rose or rose, comprises the following steps:

(1) the annual stingless multiflora rose branch of clip, is cut into 15-20cm long, retains 1-2 the stock that bud point is used as grafting;

(2) choose annual or not enough annual Chinese rose or rose as scion, be cut into 10-15cm long, retains 1-2 bud point, the scion after gathering is inserted to fresh-keeping in clear water or placement in time and avoid in the cool Exposure to Sunlight or be placed on preservation in short-term under the low temperature of 4-6 ℃;

(3) use whip grafting grafting on the stock of step (1) scion of step (2), grafting mouth and scion are tightened with plastic film, and the cutting cuttage that anvil fringe is combined is in cultivation matrix, promotes it to take root;

(4) to the cutting of step (3) moisturizing of sheltering from heat or light, prevent freeze injury autumn and winter summer, next year bud sprout time, except the bud that retains scion and sprout, the bud germinating on the stock of erasing, the cuttage seeding that obtains taking root;

(5) after 45d, the cuttage seeding of taking root is transplanted to field;

Wherein:

Described cultivation matrix is peat soil, sandy loam, take volume ratio as 1:1 mixing.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1: be for the stock-stingless multiflora rose plant of grafting in the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2: be stingless multiflora rose in one of them embodiment (cultivar origin is for being purchased) and powder ball rose (cultivar origin is for being purchased) branch comparison.In figure: the left side is stingless multiflora rose; The right is powder ball rose branch.

Fig. 3: be Chinese rose ' Chinese rose ' kind (cultivar origin for be purchased) of grafting after completing in one of them embodiment.

Fig. 4: be the situation of taking root (45d after grafting) after Chinese rose ' Chinese rose ', rose ' polyphyll is white ' (being purchased) grafting in embodiment wherein.

Fig. 5: be situation after Chinese rose in one of them embodiment ' Chinese rose ' is transplanted (demonstration bloom situation).

Fig. 6: be the situation after rose in one of them embodiment ' polyphyll is white ' is transplanted.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1

1, prepare in seedbed

In plastic tunnel, arrange seedbed or arrange seedling ground, require the wide 1-1.2M in Huo Miaodi railway carriage or compartment, seedbed, select peat soil: sandy loam 1:1 mixing is by volume mixed evenly, is cultivation matrix; Soil need to be ploughed deeply, and ditches, does furrow, level land.Within 2-3 days, water before cuttage permeablely, it is 9-12cm * 20-25cm that cuttage seeding row spacing is set.

2, stock is prepared

Adopt the raw stingless multiflora rose branch then of the sturdy anosis worm in diameter 0.5cm left and right, branch is cut in rear insertion clear water, select the full part of branch middle part eye to be cut into cuttings, cutting length is 15-20cm, retain 1-2 bud point, by the requirement of whip grafting (consulting existing textbook or handbook or science popularization works), its lower end is cut into angular cut.

3, scion is prepared

From the Chinese rose of cultivation 1-2, select the plant that varietal character is good, choose on sturdy branch substantial full, do not sprout bud and do scion, scion must be without worm, anosis.At Chinese rose branch petal, reveal look and gather scion during flower fall because the branch nutrient accumulation after blooming is many, tissue and eye substantial, scion quality is better, graft survival rate is high.The contrary too early branch nutrient accumulation of scion collection is few, and it is low that tissue and eye do not enrich graft survival rate.Scion after collection is inserted in clear water fresh-keeping in time, places to avoid in the cool Exposure to Sunlight, also can be placed under the low temperature of 4-6 ℃ and preserve in short-term.Branch is cut into 10-15cm long, retains 1-2 bud.4, grafting

Adopt conventional whip grafting: first stock (stingless multiflora rose) is cut out to an otch from one side direction of cross section, slightly be with xylem, scion selects to enrich the Chinese rose with 1-2 bud full, that do not sprout or the sprig section of rose, first a cutter is cut into 45 ° of short inclined-planes by base portion, from then on the reverse side on inclined-plane is whittled into a plane that is about 2-2.5cm from top to bottom again, depth requirements cuts cortex and skim xylem just, first inwardly gos deep into cortex then truncation downwards when cutting.Make afterwards the two form layer alignment, scion is inserted in stock otch, straight tangent plane is towards stock xylem one side, aim at the formation layer on both sides, a slice cortex cutting off on stock is wrapped to scion, with the moisturizing of plastics cloth tighten, by cutting cuttage in cultivation matrix (cultivation matrix is peat soil, sandy soil, and the volume ratio of take is mixed as 1:1).

5, managing after grafting

After grafting, 10-15d checks grafting survival situation.After cut-grafting, stock base portion easily sprouts new buds, and consumes a large amount of nutrition of stock, affects the growth of grafting.Therefore, the stock sprouting of erasing in time, promotes the growth of grafting.After grafting survival, when young sprout grows to 10-15cm, grafting mouth heals completely, can cut off plastics cloth.If do not understand and tie up when long, plant will be subject to the constraint of plastics cloth and grows bad, even dead.Will regularly to cuttage seeding, supply with rich water, water weekly liquid manure one time, fertilizing amount is by every 666M ²use ammonium nitrate 1.5kg, potassium nitrate 1kg, the growth of the cuttage seeding of can accelerating to take root, is conducive to cultivate strong sprout.Can adopt if necessary sunshade net to shelter from heat or light to the cuttage seeding after taking root, the weeds of intertill and clean tillage minimizing in time strive water and strive fertilizer, improve the ventilation and penetrating light condition between plant, reduce causing harm of damage by disease and insect.Cultivate 45d and can obtain healthy and strong Chinese rose or rose seedling.Method of the present invention can be carried out anniversary breeding, is a kind of cost-effective flowers quick-breeding method.

Claims (1)

1. the method for utilizing stingless multiflora rose unrooted propagation by grafiting Chinese rose or rose, is characterized in that the following step:

(1) the annual stingless multiflora rose branch of clip, is cut into 15-20cm long, retains 1-2 the stock that bud point is used as grafting;

(2) choose annual or not enough annual Chinese rose or rose branch as scion, be cut into 10-15cm long, retain 1-2 bud point, the scion after gathering is inserted in time fresh-keeping in clear water or placed and avoid in the cool Exposure to Sunlight or be placed under the low temperature of 4-6 ℃ preserving in short-term;

(3) use whip grafting grafting on the stock of step (1) scion of step (2), grafting mouth and scion are tightened with plastic film, and the cutting cuttage that anvil fringe is combined is in cultivation matrix, promotes it to take root;

(4) to the cutting of step (3) moisturizing of sheltering from heat or light, prevent freeze injury autumn and winter summer, next year bud sprout time, the bud of sprouting on retaining scion, the bud germinating on the stock of erasing, the cuttage seeding that obtains taking root;

(5) after 45d, the cuttage seeding of taking root is transplanted to field;

Wherein:

Described cultivation matrix is peat soil, sandy loam, take volume ratio as 1:1 mixing.

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