CN105409564A - Cutting method for tea seedlings - Google Patents
Cutting method for tea seedlings Download PDFInfo
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- CN105409564A CN105409564A CN201510931200.3A CN201510931200A CN105409564A CN 105409564 A CN105409564 A CN 105409564A CN 201510931200 A CN201510931200 A CN 201510931200A CN 105409564 A CN105409564 A CN 105409564A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/04—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth
- A01G7/045—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth with electric lighting
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/14—Measures for saving energy, e.g. in green houses
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a cutting method for tea seedlings. The method comprises six main steps of scion cutting, seedbed preparation, scion inserting, greenhouse shading cultivation, greenhouse cultivation, nutritional bowl loading in a sucker division mode and seedling-hardening. During a process of seedbed preparation, by adding water-absorbing resin into mixed subsoil, the heavy workload for water management after cutting in a traditional scion cutting is reduced by using an excellent characteristic of a strong water retention property of the water-absorbing resin. The cut seedbed is fed into a shading greenhouse; by leaf and organization etiolation, a cortex of the scion is thickened and parenchymal cells are increased to promote differentiation and rooting of an original body of a scion root. In addition, the temperature of a cutting soil layer is controlled to be maintained at 30 DEG C within 50 days all the way, so that the scions are quick to take roots, thereby improving the survival rate of the cutting seedlings. Practice indicates that by adopting the method disclosed by the present invention, the survival rate of the cutting seedlings reaches up to 98%. Compared with that of a traditional method, 15% is increased. In conclusion, the method disclosed by the present invention has the advantages of simple operation and rapid rooting speed; the method is not limited by seasons and can meet the demand for actual production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to seedling propagation field, particularly relate to a kind of cottage method of tea shoot.
Background technology
Cuttage also claims cutting, is a kind of conventional asexual reproduction method cultivated plants, by stem, leaf, root, the bud of clip plant, or insert in soil, Sha Zhong, or be soaked in water, just can plant after by the time taking root, make it to become independently plant.Tea tree is perennial economic crops, and its propagation method is divided into sexual propagation and vegetative propagation two kinds.Sexual propagation is bred by tea tree seed sowing.Because there is significant advantage in clone tea place in production, single node cutting has now become the main modes of reproduction of tea shoot.Single-node cutting seed-raising common at present comprises scion-seed tree cultivation, nursery lot is selected and arrange, cut fringe and cuttage, nursery lot manage several aspect.
If Chinese Patent Application No. is 201410440068.1 Technique on Cuttage Propagations disclosing a kind of tea tree, particularly relate to the Technique on Cuttage Propagation of Hybrid in Zhejiang of a kind of Fujian rock tea and Zhejiang green tea, main using high-quality branch as cuttage fringe, by rational clip and choose surely that reasonably season and time carry out cottage propagation, should be noted that when cottage propagation and to shade and antifreeze, control and the watering, fertilizing of strengthening damage by disease and insect will be noted simultaneously, by the time Second Year selection mid-March is overcast and rainy throws off the thing that shades, and the tea seedling choosing reasonable specification carries out hardening.Said method manual operation is complicated, in order to continue to provide stable moisture to tea shoot period at cottage propagation, also need to send special messenger to water a water respectively at the upper and lower noon of every day, the method is subject to seasonal effect comparatively greatly in addition, can only carry out cuttage every year at spring and autumn.
And for example Chinese Patent Application No. is 201110376320.3 methods disclosing the sweet tea cottage propagation of a kind of Pasania cuspidata, prepare with comprising cuttage → preparation in seedbed → cuttings prepares: adopt beta pruning bar, sterilization, be cut into cuttings, cuttings base portion is stained with slurry → cuttage → field management of taking root: dredge ditch water discharge, intermittently carry out ventilated to cuttage seeding, in good time to the moisturizing of sprinkling water of cuttage seeding ground, cuttage seeding is carried out disinfection → hardening: the plastics of the arch transparent plastic booth on seedbed to be removed → fertilizer → hardening is further sprayed to cuttage seeding: after cuttage 90 days to about 100 days in good time in good time, removal sunshade net → emerge.Above-mentioned patent is subject to the restriction in cuttage time equally, carries out cuttage only for spring and autumn, and the root of hair cycle is comparatively slow, and cuttage survival rate is still not high.
Summary of the invention
Given this, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of cottage method of tea shoot, the method does not limit by the time, can complete cuttage at all seasons, which solves existing cottage method complicated operation, and root of hair speed is slow, and the problem that survival rate is not high.
For realizing the object of foregoing invention, the technical solution used in the present invention is, a kind of cottage method of tea shoot, comprises the steps:
(1) fringe is cut: choose annual, healthy and strong without damage by disease and insect, in henna semi-lignified tea tree fringe bar from maternal plant garden, fringe bar is cut into the short fringe of " one cun, bud one leaf is long ", each exactly fringe have a full axillalry bud and the sound true leaf of a slice, every spike length 3 ~ 3.5cm, upper and lower clip is level and smooth, cuttings lower end clip is consistent with blade lean direction, and position is near node.
(2) seedbed arranges: the red soil first selecting out of crop to cross, and dries rear mistake 40 mesh sieve, then it is mixed mutually with powdery water-absorbing resin, composite fertilizer's powder, obtained mixing cubsoil.Then, be laid in by mixing cubsoil on cuttage seedbed, smooth compacting, thickness is 3 ~ 5 centimetres, and water spray makes water-absorbing resin water absorption reach capacity after state and forms gluey soil layer.
Preferably, by weight percentage, by 98.5% red soil, 1% water-absorbing resin, 0.5% composite fertilizer's powder composition, every 50 kilograms of mixing cubsoils add 50 grams of root-growing agents and mix above-mentioned mixing cubsoil.Above-mentioned composite fertilizer powder crosses 40 mesh sieve gained by composite fertilizer after pulverization process.Wherein, red soil and composite fertilizer provide the nutrient component needed for tea shoot growth.Water-absorbing resin for locking the moisture in gluey soil layer, and slowly supplies water to tea shoot, directly decreases the number of times manually watered.Root-growing agent is as the term suggests be exactly the root of hair speed for accelerating tea shoot.
Concrete, water-absorbing resin is obtained by Sodium Polyacrylate material.The model of composite fertilizer is NPK:15-15-15, and it represents that N P and K three kinds of elements account for 15% of fertilizer gross weight respectively.Root-growing agent is obtained by indolebutyric acid.
(3) cuttings: the short fringe in step (1) is inserted gluey soil layer about 3/4, the transplanting degree of depth is with axillalry bud and leaf is bright exposes native face and be advisable, and forbids that blade is close to soil.Cuttings line-spacing is 5 ~ 6cm, and spacing in the rows 2 ~ 3cm makes blade non-overlapping copies.
(4) greenhouse shading cultivation: by the greenhouse of seedbed good for cuttage feeding shading, soil temperature remains on 30 DEG C of cultivations three weeks, interim first every day in week shines ruddiness 3 hours to seedbed, and second week shines ruddiness 2 hours, within the 3rd week, shines ruddiness 1 hour.
Because cuttage seeding is when seedbed of just moving into, the chlorophyll content in plant body is higher, under dark conditions, reduce the chlorophyllous content in blade, and then make blade and organize yellow, cuttings cortex thickens; parenchyma cell increases, and impels the differentiation of cuttings root substance and takes root.Meanwhile irradiate ruddiness in the nurturing period to seedbed, blade for cuttings provides nutriment, ensures the survival rate of cuttage seeding by photosynthesis.Along with the slowly passing of time, the chlorophyll content in plant body reduces gradually, and light application time is corresponding shortening also.
(5) greenhouse cultivation: after three weeks, seedbed is transferred in ordinary greenhouse and cultivates three months.The previous moon, soil temperature continued to remain on 30 DEG C, and latter two month soil temperature and room temperature are consistent.Therefore, above-mentioned seedbed also should be provided with electrothermal temperature controller, this device is used for the temperature regulating soil layer as required in real time.
In step (4) to (5) process, along with the decline of water-absorbing resin water absorbing capacity will, according to the suitable moisturizing of soil layer humidity condition, make water-absorbing resin water absorption reach saturation state, general whole process wants moisturizing 3 times.Through above reaching the cultivation of step, cuttage seeding is root of hair, but its growing way is also very weak, must carry out point alms bowl and hardening.
(6) plant division dress nutritive cube and hardening: draw lattice with blade and the cuttage seeding on seedbed split, connects soil zone seedling and loads nutritive cube after segmentation, then mend soil pressure in fact, sends into land for growing field crops and carries out heeling in hardening.Keep the temp. and humidity being applicable to growth of cuttage seedlings during hardening, if summer temp Gao Shike adds sunshade net, plastic mulching when winter temperature is low, hardening went out garden after 6 ~ 9 months.
The present invention is compared with the cottage method of traditional tea shoot, and its innovative point is:
One, the preparation of cubsoil is mixed.Cottage method traditional is at present directly insert in soil by tea shoot mostly, and after cuttage, in 40 days, every day will water 2 times, and water management requires high, and the intensity of artificial work also can be very large.The present invention by adding water-absorbing resin in mixing cubsoil, and utilize the characteristic of water-absorbing resin water retention property excellence, whole process only needs to water for 3-4 times, alleviates water management hard work amount after traditional cuttings cuttage.In addition, red soil and composite fertilizer also provide the nutrient required for plant growth when the greenhouse of shading for tea shoot, ensure surviving of tea shoot.
Two, greenhouse shading is cultivated.The mode that the many employings of conventional method are suitably shaded after cuttage, the method root of hair speed is slow, and tea shoot survival rate is not high.Inventor initiates the seedbed after by cuttage and sends in the greenhouse of shading, and reduce the chlorophyllous content in blade, and then make blade and organize yellow, cuttings cortex thickens, and parenchyma cell increases, and impels the differentiation of cuttings root substance and takes root.Meanwhile irradiate ruddiness in the nurturing period to seedbed, blade for cuttings provides nutriment, ensures the survival rate of cuttage seeding by photosynthesis.Transplanted after three weeks in ordinary greenhouse and continue to cultivate.
Three, soil layer insulation inspires root.Inventor initiates and devise electrothermal temperature controller on seedbed, effectively can control the temperature of cuttage soil layer at any time.And keeping soil temperature 30 DEG C in 50 days after having drawn cuttage by lot of experiments, cuttings is the most easily taken root and is survived conclusion; And there is not the phenomenon of traditional spring, Autumn Cutting cuttings long root after first sprouting.
Four, cuttage does not limit by the time.Be not difficult to find out from said method, in the present invention, cottage breeding whole process (except hardening) is all carry out in greenhouse, not by the impact of temperature environment, therefore substantially increases the reproductive efficiency of tea shoot.
Prove through lot of experiments, utilize the survival rate of this method cuttage seeding up to 98%, 15 percentage points can be improve than conventional method.In addition, the present invention has simple to operate, the fireballing advantage of root of hair, and cuttage does not limit by the time, the demand of more realistic production.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further expanded description; but it is to be noted; the present embodiment is implemented under premised on technical solution of the present invention, give detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment,
A cottage method for tea shoot, comprises the steps:
(1) cut fringe: cut annual, healthy and strong without damage by disease and insect, in henna semi-lignified tea tree fringe bar from tea tree elite stand, the short fringe of clip has the true leaf that a full axillalry bud and a slice perfect, every spike length 3 ~ 3.5cm.
(2) seedbed arranges: select the red soil that out of crop is crossed, dry rear mistake 40 mesh sieve, then it mixed mutually with powdery water-absorbing resin, composite fertilizer's powder, obtained mixing cubsoil.This mixing cubsoil is by 98.5% red soil, and 1% water-absorbing resin and 0.5% composite fertilizer's powder composition, the order number of this composite fertilizer's powder is no more than 40 orders.
Then add 50 grams of root-growing agents at every 50 kilograms of mixing cubsoils to mix.Then be laid on cuttage seedbed by the mixing cubsoil adding root-growing agent, smooth compacting, thickness is 3 ~ 5 centimetres, forms gluey soil layer after water spray.
Above-mentioned water-absorbing resin is obtained by Sodium Polyacrylate material.Root-growing agent is obtained by indolebutyric acid.The model of composite fertilizer is NPK:15-15-15.
(3) cuttings: the short fringe in step (1) is inserted gluey soil layer about 3/4, the transplanting degree of depth is with axillalry bud and leaf is bright exposes native face and be advisable, and forbids that blade is close to soil.Cuttings line-spacing is 5 ~ 6cm, and spacing in the rows 2 ~ 3cm makes blade non-overlapping copies.
(4) greenhouse shading cultivation: by the greenhouse of seedbed good for cuttage feeding shading, soil temperature remains on 30 DEG C of cultivations three weeks, interim first every day in week shines ruddiness 3 hours to seedbed, and second week shines ruddiness 2 hours, within the 3rd week, shines ruddiness 1 hour.
(5) greenhouse cultivation: be transferred in seedbed after three weeks in ordinary greenhouse and cultivate three months, first month soil temperature continues to remain on 30 DEG C, and soil temperature remained on room temperature in the second to three month.
(6) plant division dress nutritive cube and hardening: draw lattice with blade and the cuttage seeding on seedbed split, connects soil zone seedling and loads nutritive cube after segmentation, then mend soil pressure in fact, sends into land for growing field crops and carries out heeling in hardening.Keep the temp. and humidity being applicable to growth of cuttage seedlings during hardening, if summer temp Gao Shike adds sunshade net, plastic mulching when winter temperature is low, hardening went out garden after 6 ~ 9 months.
Claims (8)
1. a cottage method for tea shoot, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) fringe is cut: choose annual, healthy and strong without damage by disease and insect, in henna semi-lignified tea tree fringe bar from maternal plant garden, fringe bar is cut into the short fringe of " one cun, bud one leaf is long ";
(2) seedbed arranges: select the red soil that out of crop is crossed, dry rear mistake 40 mesh sieve, then it mixed mutually with powdery water-absorbing resin, composite fertilizer's powder, obtained mixing cubsoil;
Then, be laid in by mixing cubsoil on cuttage seedbed, smooth compacting, thickness is 3 ~ 5 centimetres, forms gluey soil layer after water spray makes water-absorbing resin water absorption reach saturation state;
(3) cuttings: the short fringe in step (1) is inserted gluey soil layer about 3/4, the transplanting degree of depth is with axillalry bud and leaf is bright exposes native face and be as the criterion; Cuttings line-spacing is 5 ~ 6cm, and spacing in the rows 2 ~ 3cm makes blade non-overlapping copies;
(4) greenhouse shading is cultivated: sent in seedbed good for cuttage in the greenhouse of shading, and soil temperature remains on 30 DEG C and cultivates three weeks, and every day period shines suitable ruddiness to seedbed;
(5) greenhouse cultivation: after three weeks, seedbed is transferred in ordinary greenhouse and cultivates three months;
(6) plant division dress nutritive cube and hardening: draw lattice with blade and the cuttage seeding on seedbed split, connects soil zone seedling and loads nutritive cube after segmentation, then mend soil pressure in fact, sends into land for growing field crops and carries out heeling in hardening; Keep the temp. and humidity being applicable to growth of cuttage seedlings during hardening, if summer temp Gao Shike adds sunshade net, plastic mulching when winter temperature is low, hardening went out garden after 6 ~ 9 months.
2. the cottage method of tea shoot as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (4), first every day in week is to seedbed according to ruddiness 3 hours, and second week, according to ruddiness 2 hours, shines ruddiness 1 hour on the 3rd week.
3. the cottage method of tea shoot as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described in step (2), mix cubsoil by weight percentage, by 98.5% red soil, 1% water-absorbing resin, 0.5% composite fertilizer's powder composition, every 50 kilograms of mixing cubsoils add 50 grams of root-growing agents and mix.
4. the cottage method of tea shoot as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step (4) to (5) process, along with the decline of water-absorbing resin water absorbing capacity will, according to the suitable moisturizing of soil layer humidity condition, make water-absorbing resin water absorption reach saturation state.
5. the cottage method of tea shoot as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (5), first month soil temperature continues to remain on 30 DEG C, and latter two months soil temperatures and room temperature are consistent.
6. the cottage method of tea shoot as described in any one of claim 1 to 5, is characterized in that: described water-absorbing resin is obtained by Sodium Polyacrylate material; The model of composite fertilizer is NPK:15-15-15; Root-growing agent is indolebutyric acid.
7. the cottage method of tea shoot as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that: described seedbed is also provided with electrothermal temperature controller.
8. the cottage method of tea shoot as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (2), the order number of composite fertilizer's powder is no more than 40 orders.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106134706A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2016-11-23 | 贵州江口净园春茶业有限公司 | A kind of method for culturing seedlings of Camellia sinensis |
| CN106538324A (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2017-03-29 | 青川县农村产业技术服务中心 | The vegetative propagation method of low temperature extremely frigid zones Laoyin tea large-scale development |
| CN106879448A (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2017-06-23 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | A kind of Acer palmatum cottage method |
| CN107535254A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2018-01-05 | 湖南竹泉农牧有限公司 | A kind of cottage method of tea tree |
| CN107548756A (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2018-01-09 | 彭云 | A kind of tea cutting method for culturing seedlings |
| CN108450165A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-08-28 | 贵州省生物技术研究所 | The method of High aititude arid area tea shoot cutting propagation |
| CN109197200A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-01-15 | 常宁市瑶园生态农业科技发展有限公司 | Tea cutting mating system |
| CN109197545A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-01-15 | 常宁市瑶园生态农业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of tea cutting mating system |
| CN110249885A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-09-20 | 丹徒区上党婵云生态农业园 | A kind of Tea planting method using human assistance illumination |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106134706A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2016-11-23 | 贵州江口净园春茶业有限公司 | A kind of method for culturing seedlings of Camellia sinensis |
| CN107535254A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2018-01-05 | 湖南竹泉农牧有限公司 | A kind of cottage method of tea tree |
| CN106538324A (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2017-03-29 | 青川县农村产业技术服务中心 | The vegetative propagation method of low temperature extremely frigid zones Laoyin tea large-scale development |
| CN106879448A (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2017-06-23 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | A kind of Acer palmatum cottage method |
| CN107548756A (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2018-01-09 | 彭云 | A kind of tea cutting method for culturing seedlings |
| CN108450165A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-08-28 | 贵州省生物技术研究所 | The method of High aititude arid area tea shoot cutting propagation |
| CN109197200A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-01-15 | 常宁市瑶园生态农业科技发展有限公司 | Tea cutting mating system |
| CN109197545A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-01-15 | 常宁市瑶园生态农业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of tea cutting mating system |
| CN110249885A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-09-20 | 丹徒区上党婵云生态农业园 | A kind of Tea planting method using human assistance illumination |
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