CN110249885A - A kind of Tea planting method using human assistance illumination - Google Patents

A kind of Tea planting method using human assistance illumination Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110249885A
CN110249885A CN201910544042.4A CN201910544042A CN110249885A CN 110249885 A CN110249885 A CN 110249885A CN 201910544042 A CN201910544042 A CN 201910544042A CN 110249885 A CN110249885 A CN 110249885A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
tea
fertilizer
seedbed
soil
root
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201910544042.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张志豪
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Shangdang Zhaoyun Ecological Agricultural Park In Dantu District
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Shangdang Zhaoyun Ecological Agricultural Park In Dantu District
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by Shangdang Zhaoyun Ecological Agricultural Park In Dantu District filed Critical Shangdang Zhaoyun Ecological Agricultural Park In Dantu District
Priority to CN201910544042.4A priority Critical patent/CN110249885A/en
Publication of CN110249885A publication Critical patent/CN110249885A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
    • A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00—Botany in general
    • A01G7/04—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth
    • A01G7/045—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth with electric lighting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00—Botany in general
    • A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/14—Measures for saving energy, e.g. in green houses

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of Tea planting methods using human assistance illumination, refine production stage, self-control humic fertilizer is introduced to be applied in advance, effectively avoid the generation of burn seedlings phenomenon, using human assistance illumination, study influence of the different color light to tea growth, constantly experiment registration wave-length coverage, obtain optimal growth effect, raising optimization targetedly is carried out to chlorophyll constituents of tea, catechin and amino acid content, from tea tree root of hair link, carries out manual intervention and obtain more root of hair numbers and unit bud weight.

Description

A kind of Tea planting method using human assistance illumination
Technical field
The present invention relates to Tea planting fields, and in particular to a kind of Tea planting method using human assistance illumination.
Background technique
With the development of modern planting technology equipment, the plantation and production of tealeaves are obtained compared with convenience, and tealeaves survival rate is aobvious It writes and improves, at the same time, requirement of the market for tealeaves condition is higher, is improved using the modes such as fertilizer microelement-supplementing are improved The limitation of tealeaves condition, planted tealeaves condition and the illumination of weather soil etc. are because being known as direct relation, existing Tea planting Status are as follows: single area plantation condition is preferable, and land limited, Tea Consumption price is high, and the market competitiveness is strong, other areas are most The tea kinds of lower end are planted, profit is low, can only survive in bottom end market, to break this kind as caused by regional climate Limitation is planted, a kind of implantation methods using human assistance illumination is studied, tea color mouthfeel is improved with this, various regions will be effectively improved Area tea place competitiveness.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of Tea planting method using human assistance illumination, including with Lower step:
(1) nursery lot selects: fertile soil, the non-tobacco numb grass planting having abundant water resources.
(2) cuttage soil is laid with: seedling furrow overlay cuttage soil, and cuttage soil is the life red soil of 7~9cm.
(3) site preparation: opening up communications and transportation road and channel is irrigated in draining, opens up wasteland 30~40cm of depth at seedling furrow, when the reclamation of wasteland into It row hack and ploughing flat, constructs seedbed after the reclamation of wasteland, seedbed 150~200cm of width, begin to rehearse between seedbed ditch, draining furrow width 30~ 50cm, seedbed are higher by 7~12cm compared with gutter.
(4) root of hair fertilizer is applied in advance: cuttage seeding being implanted into seedbed, in cuttage seeding bottom seedbed basal dressing.Base manure is selected phosphorous The slow release fertilizer of acid, when basal dressing, avoid slow release fertilizer from directly contacting with cuttage seeding, and in cuttage seeding root, circulating type is poured after fertilising Ion exchange water is filled, basal dressing amount in seedbed is no more than 30 jin, after base manure applies per acre, applies humic fertilizer, and humic fertilizer applies Amount is no more than applied base manure amount.
(5) raw-soil is laid with: the application of root of hair fertilizer finishes, and is laid with 3~6cm of the raw-soil in seedbed upper layer.
(6) set up shading tent: shading tent use half-sealed, top be can raising type plastic foil, shading tent bracket use Steel set LED lamp tube inside shading tent, and shading tent two sides set carbon dioxide increasing and fill device, and seedbed LED lamp tube illuminating area is not per acre Lower than 85%.
(7) later period educates plant: nitrogenous fertilizer is applied after spring tea root of hair, Seedling Stage supplement applies microelement and secondary nutrients, Iron, boron and manganese element must be contained in applied trace-element fertilizer, be with calcium and magnesium elements in applied secondary nutrients Main, spring tea growth stage shading tent top plastic film uses white films, spring tea pick apply dilution farmyard manure in the previous moon 5 times with On, after summer tea root of hair and the applied fertilizer type of Seedling Stage is identical as spring tea, and the summer tea growth stage dismantles shading tent top plastic film, more It is changed to the dark sunshade net with raphia knitting forming, shading tent side still uses white films, and the autumn and winter, tea Seedling Stage was in tea It sets bottom and overlays heat preservation yellow sand, and increase amount of carbon dioxide and increase charge, guarantee that temperature of shed maintains 10 DEG C or more, light irradiation time Open LED lamp tube supplementary light in month lower than 10h.
Preferably, humic fertilizer formula are as follows: 40% dehydration river sludge, 5% human and animal excreta, 10% plant ash, 15% heat preservation are yellow Sand, 10% fertile soil, 15% broken rape cake and 5% wheat bran skin.
It preferably, can one layer of yellow film of place mat under dark sunshade net.
Preferably, when carrying out supplementary light, not homochromy illumination is carried out according to tea tree developmental state and blade quality and is supplemented, The root of hair phase supplements red light using LED lamp tube, and guarantee red wavelengths are 650~680nm, and it is logical that LED lamp tube controls its light quantum Metric density is 75 μm of ol/m2S, the Miao Shu of manhood, LED lamp tube supplement green light, guarantee green optical wavelength be 410~ 450nm, it is 50 μm of ol/m that LED lamp tube, which controls its photon hypothesis (PPFD),2·s。
The utility model has the advantages that
1, fining fertilising step, applies the fertilizer of Different Nutrition element according to the development condition of different times, meets tea tree The growth demand of different times.
2, humic fertilizer is added after base manure application and applies step, self-control humic fertilizer effectively makes up the battalion of cuttage seedling rooting early period The demand of supporting, does not need to add quick-acting fertilizer in the phase of taking root, and can effectively avoid the generation of burn seedlings phenomenon when quick-acting fertilizer applies.
3, summer is replaced black used in the prior art using the dark sunshade net of homemade raphia knitting forming Color chemical fibre knitmesh, heat dissipation effect are more preferable.
4, the use of human assistance illumination while effective supplementary light, carries out not according to the tea tree of different developing conditions The supplement of light of same color is cultivated, and can orient improves condition deficiency point.
Specific embodiment
The present invention the following steps are included:
(1) nursery lot selects: fertile soil, the non-tobacco numb grass planting having abundant water resources.
(2) cuttage soil is laid with: seedling furrow overlay cuttage soil, and cuttage soil is the life red soil of 7~9cm.
(3) site preparation: opening up communications and transportation road and channel is irrigated in draining, opens up wasteland 30~40cm of depth at seedling furrow, when the reclamation of wasteland into It row hack and ploughing flat, constructs seedbed after the reclamation of wasteland, seedbed 150~200cm of width, begin to rehearse between seedbed ditch, draining furrow width 30~ 50cm, seedbed are higher by 7~12cm compared with gutter.
(4) root of hair fertilizer is applied in advance: cuttage seeding being implanted into seedbed, in cuttage seeding bottom seedbed basal dressing.Base manure is selected phosphorous The slow release fertilizer of acid, when basal dressing, avoid slow release fertilizer from directly contacting with cuttage seeding, and in cuttage seeding root, circulating type is poured after fertilising Ion exchange water is filled, basal dressing amount in seedbed is no more than 30 jin, after base manure applies per acre, applies humic fertilizer, and humic fertilizer applies Amount is no more than applied base manure amount.
(5) raw-soil is laid with: the application of root of hair fertilizer finishes, and is laid with 3~6cm of the raw-soil in seedbed upper layer.
(6) set up shading tent: shading tent use half-sealed, top be can raising type plastic foil, shading tent bracket use Steel set LED lamp tube inside shading tent, and shading tent two sides set carbon dioxide increasing and fill device, and seedbed LED lamp tube illuminating area is not per acre Lower than 85%.
(7) later period educates plant: nitrogenous fertilizer is applied after spring tea root of hair, Seedling Stage supplement applies microelement and secondary nutrients, Iron, boron and manganese element must be contained in applied trace-element fertilizer, be with calcium and magnesium elements in applied secondary nutrients Main, spring tea growth stage shading tent top plastic film uses white films, spring tea pick apply dilution farmyard manure in the previous moon 5 times with On, after summer tea root of hair and the applied fertilizer type of Seedling Stage is identical as spring tea, and the summer tea growth stage dismantles shading tent top plastic film, more It is changed to the dark sunshade net with raphia knitting forming, shading tent side still uses white films, and the autumn and winter, tea Seedling Stage was in tea It sets bottom and overlays heat preservation yellow sand, and increase amount of carbon dioxide and increase charge, guarantee that temperature of shed maintains 10 DEG C or more, light irradiation time Open LED lamp tube supplementary light in month lower than 10h.
Humic fertilizer formula are as follows: 40% dehydration river sludge, 5% human and animal excreta, 10% plant ash, 15% heat preservation yellow sand, 10% Fertile soil, 15% broken rape cake and 5% wheat bran skin.Under dark sunshade net can one layer of yellow film of place mat, carry out supplementary light When, not homochromy illumination is carried out according to tea tree developmental state and blade quality and is supplemented, the root of hair phase is supplemented red using LED lamp tube Light, guarantee red wavelengths are 650~680nm, and it is 75 μm of ol/m that LED lamp tube, which controls its photon hypothesis,2S, adult The Miao Shu of phase, LED lamp tube supplement green light, guarantee that green optical wavelength is 410~450nm, it is logical that LED fluorescent tube controls its light quantum Metric density (PPFD) is 50 μm of ol/m2·s。
The present invention carries out following experiment to the auxiliary lighting effect of different color light:
Experimental group 1: the leaflet for choosing same tea place tri-leaf period is grown tea, and rectangular No. 1 shading transplanted in complete shading is grown In case, shading, which is grown, opens LED light in case, supplement grows No. 1 shading after red light 15 days, daily illumination 12 hours, 15 days Tealeaves in case is detected, and specially the test of sprouting quantity and weight, unit bud re-computation, chlorophyll extract detection, system The detection of tea finished product amino acid content and catechin content detection.
Experimental group 2: the leaflet as experimental group 1 chooses same tea place tri-leaf period is grown tea, and transplants No. two screenings in complete shading In the long case of photoproduction, shading, which is grown, opens LED light in case, supplement is after green light 15 days, daily illumination 12 hours, 15 days to No. two Shading grows the detection that the tealeaves in case carries out such as 1 identical items of experimental group.
Experimental group 3: such as experimental group 1 and experimental group 2, the leaflet for choosing same tea place tri-leaf period is grown tea, and transplanting hides in complete In No. three shadings growth case of light, shading, which is grown, opens LED light in case, supplements sodium yellow 15 days, daily illumination 12 hours, 15 days The detection such as experimental group 1 and 2 identical items of experimental group is carried out to the tealeaves in No. three shading growth casees afterwards.
Control group 1: such as experimental group, the leaflet for choosing same tea place tri-leaf period is grown tea, and transplants No. four screenings in complete shading In the long case of photoproduction, the detection such as experimental group identical items is carried out to the tealeaves in No. four shading growth casees after 15 days.
Control group 2: such as experimental group, the leaflet for choosing same tea place tri-leaf period is grown tea, and transplanting is grown in casees in No. five illumination, The detection such as experimental group identical items is carried out to the tealeaves in No. five illumination growth casees after 15 days.
Detection data is as shown in table 1.
Experimental group 1 Experimental group 2 Experimental group 3 Control group 1 Control group 2
Sprouting weight/g 220 150 131 43 143
Sprouting number/ 350 260 235 95 247
Unit bud weight g/ 0.63 0.57 0.55 0.45 0.57
Chlorophyll content nmol/g 635 780 533 362 600
Amino acid content % 5.5 6.3 5.7 5.7 5.7
Catechin content % 7.4 6.75 7.3 7.2 7.3
Table 1
The present invention tests tea growth situation under the illumination of coloured light different wave length of the same race:
Experimental group 4: the four leaf stage leaflet for choosing the same kind in same tea place is grown tea, and is placed in No. six shading casees, LED light into The irradiation of row red light, is divided into three groups according to red light different wave length: red 1 group is 600~650nm of wavelength, and red 2 groups are wavelength 650 ~700nm, red 3 groups are 700~750nm of wavelength, and after growth is cultivated 25 days, every group takes 4 pieces of blades to carry out chlorophyll content With the detection of content of caffeine.
Experimental group 5: abovementioned steps are identical as experimental group 4, are placed in No. seven shading casees, and LED light carries out green light irradiation, root Be divided into three groups according to green light different wave length: green 1 group of wavelength is 350~400nm, and green 2 groups of wavelength are 400~450nm, green 3 groups of waves A length of 450~500nm, after growth is cultivated 25 days, every group takes the inspection of 4 pieces of blades progress chlorophyll contents and content of caffeine It surveys.
Control group 3: the four leaf stage leaflet for choosing the same kind in same tea place is grown tea, and is placed in No. eight illumination growth casees, into Row natural lighting in 25 days is cultivated, and 4 pieces of blades is taken to carry out the detection of chlorophyll content and content of caffeine.
Detection data is as shown in table 2.
Table 2
According to Tables 1 and 2, supplement red light is more conducive to taking root compared to supplement green light, takes root quantity more More, total weight and unit bud weight are heavier, and especially when wavelength is 650~700nm, effect is more preferable, and supplement green light is suitable In the generation for being more advantageous to chlorophyll in supplement red light, the content of amino acid is also higher, and tea color condition is more excellent, nutrition Degree is higher, and content of caffeine yield under red light photograph is more, and tealeaves mouthfeel is more preferably.It, can be gradually when positioning most optimum wavelengths Shorten section to be tested, the present invention only embodies an experimental result in wavelength, and further experiment step is identical, final result It is red wavelengths in 650~680nm, rooting efficiency is most significant, and in 410~450nm, chlorophyll generates green optical wavelength Highest is measured, amino acid quantity is positively correlated with it.
Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, herein Defined General Principle can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of Tea planting method using human assistance illumination, which comprises the following steps:
(1) nursery lot selects: fertile soil, the non-tobacco numb grass planting having abundant water resources.
(2) cuttage soil is laid with: seedling furrow overlay cuttage soil, and cuttage soil is the life red soil of 7~9cm.
(3) site preparation: opening up communications and transportation road and channel is irrigated in draining, opens up wasteland 30~40cm of depth at seedling furrow, and when reclamation of wasteland carries out broken Soil with plough flat, construct seedbed after the reclamation of wasteland, seedbed 150~200cm of width, begin to rehearse between seedbed ditch, drain 30~50cm of furrow width, Seedbed is higher by 7~12cm compared with gutter.
(4) root of hair fertilizer is applied in advance: cuttage seeding being implanted into seedbed, in cuttage seeding bottom seedbed basal dressing.Base manure selects phosphoric acid Slow release fertilizer, when basal dressing, avoid slow release fertilizer from directly contacting with cuttage seeding, after fertilising in cuttage seeding root circulating type pour from Sub- exchanged water, basal dressing amount in seedbed is no more than 30 jin, after base manure applies per acre, applies humic fertilizer, humic fertilizer applied amount is not More than applied base manure amount.
(5) raw-soil is laid with: the application of root of hair fertilizer finishes, and is laid with 3~6cm of the raw-soil in seedbed upper layer.
(6) set up shading tent: shading tent use half-sealed, top be can raising type plastic foil, shading tent bracket use steel, LED lamp tube is set inside shading tent, shading tent two sides set carbon dioxide increasing and fill device, and LED lamp tube illuminating area in seedbed is not less than per acre 85%.
(7) later period educates plant: nitrogenous fertilizer is applied after spring tea root of hair, Seedling Stage supplement applies microelement and secondary nutrients, applied Iron, boron and manganese element must be contained by adding in trace-element fertilizer, in applied secondary nutrients based on calcium and magnesium elements, the spring Tea growth stage shading tent top plastic film uses white films, and spring tea, which is picked, applies dilution farmyard manure 5 times or more in the previous moon, the summer After tea root of hair and the applied fertilizer type of Seedling Stage is identical as spring tea, and the summer tea growth stage dismantles shading tent top plastic film, is changed to With the dark sunshade net of raphia knitting forming, shading tent side still uses white films, and the autumn and winter, tea Seedling Stage was in tea tree bottom Portion overlays heat preservation yellow sand, and increases amount of carbon dioxide and increase charge, guarantees that temperature of shed maintains 10 DEG C or more, light irradiation time is lower than Open LED lamp tube supplementary light in the month of 10h.
2. a kind of Tea planting method using human assistance illumination according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the corruption Grow fertilizer formula are as follows: 40% dehydration river sludge, 5% human and animal excreta, 10% plant ash, 15% heat preservation yellow sand, 10% fertile soil, 15% Broken rape cake and 5% wheat bran skin.
3. a kind of Tea planting method using human assistance illumination according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the depth It can one layer of yellow film of place mat under color sunshade net.
4. a kind of Tea planting method using human assistance illumination according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: mended When filling illumination, not homochromy illumination is carried out according to tea tree developmental state and blade quality and is supplemented, the root of hair phase is supplemented using LED lamp tube Red light, guarantee red wavelengths are 650~680nm, and it is 75 μm of ol/m that LED lamp tube, which controls its photon hypothesis,2S, The Miao Shu of manhood, LED lamp tube supplement green light, guarantee that green optical wavelength is 410~450nm, LED lamp tube controls its light quantum Flux density (PPFD) is 50 μm of ol/m2·s。
CN201910544042.4A 2019-06-21 2019-06-21 A kind of Tea planting method using human assistance illumination Pending CN110249885A (en)

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CN110972796A (en) * 2019-12-26 2020-04-10 青岛冠中生态股份有限公司 Method for improving drought resistance of flare tree seedlings
CN112772251A (en) * 2020-12-30 2021-05-11 浙江省农业技术推广中心 Planting method for increasing content of tea epigallocatechin gallate

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110972796A (en) * 2019-12-26 2020-04-10 青岛冠中生态股份有限公司 Method for improving drought resistance of flare tree seedlings
CN112772251A (en) * 2020-12-30 2021-05-11 浙江省农业技术推广中心 Planting method for increasing content of tea epigallocatechin gallate

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Application publication date: 20190920