CN106508383A - Bird king tea cutting reproduction method suitable for karst region - Google Patents
Bird king tea cutting reproduction method suitable for karst region Download PDFInfo
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- CN106508383A CN106508383A CN201610968295.0A CN201610968295A CN106508383A CN 106508383 A CN106508383 A CN 106508383A CN 201610968295 A CN201610968295 A CN 201610968295A CN 106508383 A CN106508383 A CN 106508383A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention relates to a bird king tea cutting reproduction method suitable for the karst region. The reproduction method includes the following steps: (1) selecting a tea tree variety; (2) preparing a cutting medium: evenly mixing, by mass, 3-4 parts of mixed soil samples, 4-6 parts of edible mushroom slag, 2-3 parts of silkworm excrement and 3-4 parts of rice bran shells, adding 2-3 parts of Lonicera hypoglauca dregs, controlling the pH of soil in 4.0-5.5, and paving the cutting medium on a wooden box for use, wherein the mixed soil samples includes 10 parts of humic acid soil in the karst mountain and 1-3 parts of Guizhou plateau swamp soil; (3) preparing cutting seedlings; (4) performing cuttage; and (5) cuttage management. The method can improve the growth speed of cutting seedlings of the bird king tea trees, is stable in survival rate, is low in cost, can play a role in retaining water and soil in the karst region, can achieve large-scale planting of the bird king tea trees, and provides a road to fortune for farmers in a Guizhou karst mountainous area.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of suitable bird king's tea cuttage breeding method in karst, belongs to the front of tea tree plant and inserts
Reproduction technique field.
Background technology
Bird king tea just has become tribute caffein product early in Sheng Tang's period, between Ming Dynasty's year in Wanli year《Kweiyang mansion will》(volume of consuming goods) is carried
" respectively category all produces tea to Qian Sheng, and only Guiding cloud and mist is most notable ", the Qing Dynasty becomes one of national eight famous tea period.Bird king's tea is early in the Yuan Dynasty
As tribute, it is just rare famous and precious kind in tea.Bird king's tea main product is high in more than 1560 meters of Guizhou Province Guiding County height above sea level
Cloud and mist the foot of a mountain half way up the mountain ".Bird king tea, as good merchantable brand in tea, is by the bird king that local grade is high, high in quality, physical and chemical index is good
Plant what is determined, before more than 2000 years, just have started to the artificial cultivation of tea tree from original high tree tea, and created a series of names
Tea, has just become tribute in Qing Dynasty's period, and before 20 century 70s, as yield is few, general resident is difficult to be tasted.
, to increase based on the species of millet paste delicate flavour and sweet taste, ratio is more than 90% for the amino acid composition of bird king's plant tea；It is bright
Propylhomoserin is bird king's tea main component, and content accounts for the 54.94%～78.05% of total amino acid content.With the " expensive of bird king's tea processing and fabricating
Determine Xueya tea " because catechin content is higher, just entrance is more pained to brew rear millet paste, but because its amino acid content is higher, increased
Millet paste delicate flavour and sweet taste.Well-known tea one of of the bird king tea as Guizhou Province, has in local economy social development important
Status and effect, its state of development have great importance to revitalizing whole Guizhou Province's tea economy.
Karst ecosystem as a kind of unique ecosystem, its landform and geomorphologic conditions, hydrothermal condition, vegetation
Developmental condition of land occupation condition and soil etc. is all different from Non-karst area, as its special geology and weather conditions are made
Little into this area's environmental carrying capacity, antijamming capability is weak, and stability is low, and self adjustment capability is poor.In addition karst soil ring
Border has a basement rock exposure, and soil storage is few, distribution is discontinuous, the complicated essential characteristic such as various of microrelief, develops discontinuous
Shallow soil layer, soil have scattered distribution as karst mountain area surface relief degree is big, and soil erosion and stone exposure are serious, noise made in coughing or vomiting
This specially head of district's phase is generated earth's surface-underground two layer of space structure by strong carbonate rock chemistry corrosion, is acted in heavy showers
Under easily produce and soil losses and then cause soil property to be degenerated.
In recent years, people increasingly increase to tealeaves demand, are the area for expanding cultivar, improve the yield and quality,
Local farmers do not focus on science and technology, blindly expand Tea planting area, can not only play good effect of increasing production, but also
The frequent generation of the harm such as soil erosion is caused, serious destroys natural ecological environment.
The cutting propagation of bird king's tea is a kind of at present adds a cover film thermal insulating using traditional cuttage breeding method, the breeding side
Method generally carries out cuttage using the elite stand resource being not handled by, and easily rotten and reproductive survival rate are than relatively low, cutting propagation cost
It is high.Another kind of cuttage breeding method is to take single node cutting to be bred using tea tree branch, is to place tea tree explant
Bred on outdoor ordinary culture medium, survived to promote cuttage seeding to take root as early as possible, life root powder is watered skewer again after immersion 3h
Insert, this cuttage breeding method, although cuttage seeding can be made to take root as early as possible and survived, but cuttage seeding cannot charged receive soil in support
Point, the cuttage speed of growth is slow, and survival rate is unstable.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of suitable bird king's tea cutting propagation side in karst
Method, can improve bird king's tea cuttage speed of growth, and survival rate is stable, reduces cost, and can play water in the karst of water shortage
Native holding effect.
The present invention is that the technical scheme for reaching above-mentioned purpose is：A kind of suitable bird king's tea cutting propagation in karst
Method, it is characterised in that：Have steps of,
(1), Tree Species Selection：Planted as introduces a collection parent with Niao Wang colonies, expand numerous fine individual plant kind Jing after individual plant selection, identification
As the tea tree seedling that introduces a collection is bred；
(2), cutting medium is prepared：By mass fraction ratio, by 3～4 parts of mixed soil sample, 4～6 parts of edible fungi residue, 2
The rice bran shell of～3 parts of silkworm excrement and 3～4 parts is well mixed, and adds 2～3 parts of Honeysuckle flower dregs of a decoction mixing, by soil pH control
System is obtained cutting medium soil 4.0～5.5, and cutting medium soil is laid in standby in wooden case, and cutting medium soil paving
The depth being located in wooden case is not less than 10cm, wherein, described mixed soil sample is with karst mountain that mass fraction ratio is 10 parts
Humic acid soil and 1～3 part Guizhou Plateau bath pool soil mix；
(3), prepared by cuttage seeding：Before annual spring rudiment, the short fringe of long 3～4cm on tea tree seedling, short fringe top are cut
A leaf is stayed, the branch for having leaf in the middle of short fringe is cut, and clip is smooth, clip is oblique to be cut into 1.0～1.5cm to identical with leaf
Root-inducing powder is pressed quality parts ratio 1 with purple Lasiosphaera fenzlii liquid bacterium by angle segment:2.5～3.5 addition 1000ml distilled water stir
Prepared soak, short fringe is soaked in soak and carry out after at least 3h cuttage；
(4), cuttage：Before cuttage, 1～2h water waters railway carriage or compartment face, floating railway carriage or compartment face soil, by the short fringe pruned by spacing in the rows 3
～5cm, 5～8cm of line-spacing cuttages are on cutting medium soil, and each short fringe blade exposes and towards downwind, after cuttage finishes,
Pour root water and take shading screen shade；
(5), cuttage management：
1., water：At the cuttage initial stage, water daily 1 time, the water yield is defined by irrigating, and is continued to cuttage seedling rooting；
2., weeding：Seedbed sees that grass is just removed；
3., topdress：Start to topdress when cuttage seedling leaf grows to 4, cuttage seeding was topdressed 5～8 times altogether in growth period；
4., take off film：Start to take off shading screen white silk seedling when the blade of cuttage seeding grows to 4, during the Heavenly Stems, noon is first taken off from two,
Cover in the evening, after adapting to one week, film is all opened；
5., transplant：After growth of cuttage seedlings 30～40 days, tea shoot is transplanted to the field of humic acid soil, before transplanting
Tea shoot root is pruned, and the tea shoot root after pruning is dipped in the mud for being completely mixed with nitrogen-fixing bacteria, tea shoot is put in cave, is buried
Soil is treaded, and is watered, while per plant is applied more than high-quality muck 10kg, the later stage carries out conventional field management and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.
Bird king's tea cuttage breeding method of the present invention, is planted as introduces a collection parent with Niao Wang colonies, is expanded Jing after individual plant selection, identification
The tea tree seedling that numerous fine individual plant kind is bred as introduces a collection, can purposefully growth selection it is good, strong stress resistance, economic characters
It is excellent, improve reproductive survival rate.Cutting medium of the present invention employs the humic acid under karst mountain using the soil of special proportioning
The mixed soil sample that soil is mixed with Guizhou Plateau bath pool soil, can allow plant to shift to an earlier date the Soil Micro-environment of suitable growth.This
Mixed soil sample is well mixed by invention with edible fungi residue, silkworm excrement and rice bran shell, and is mixed by the Honeysuckle flower dregs of a decoction and adjusted
Soil pH value, can play the Acidity of Aikalinity for providing edaphon suitable growth, persistently improve soil nutrient to cuttage seeding, there is provided plant
Enough fertility of thing subsequent growth are supported, while also increasing soil permeability, can be made the breathing of crop root, and are greatly reduced
Bad root phenomenon.The cutting medium of the present invention is drawn materials conveniently, and propagating materials source is wide, reliable, and production cost can be made to reduce by 30%,
5～10% are improved than conventional method, can overcome that existing bird king Technique on Cuttage Propagation is complicated, speed is slow, quantity is few, cost is high etc. lacks
Fall into.The present invention is obtained soak with purple Lasiosphaera fenzlii liquid bacterium and distilled water using root-inducing powder, and short fringe is dipped in soak
Cuttage is carried out after few 3h, as cutting medium is using the special soil for including humic acid soil, purple Lasiosphaera fenzlii liquid bacterium can be provided
Growing environment, can dramatically increase the root system of crop by purple Lasiosphaera fenzlii liquid bacterium, hence it is evident that promote root system to Nitrogen In Soils, phosphorus, potassium
Absorption, root system and then more flourishing, and the root system of prosperity enables cuttage seeding to grow well, improves the speed of growth and is multiplied into
Motility rate.Tea shoot of the present invention is transplanted to the field of the humic acid soil of karst, is played enhancing by humic acid soil and is made
Thing root system, enables tea shoot root system to form cobweb root system, and the humic acid of component is most enlivened in energy stable soil humus, and right
Soil realizes water suction fertilizer conservation, can play Soil and water conservation in the karst of water shortage.It is numerous using bird king tea cuttage of the present invention
Grow the achievable bird king's tea of method to be planted in karst on a large scale, realize scale, the industrialization production of bird king's tea, especially
Be adapted in karst Efficient Cultivation, a road built up the family fortunes is provided for Karst Mountainous Area, guizhou, china peasant.
Specific embodiment
Suitable bird king's tea cuttage breeding method in karst of the present invention, has steps of,
(1), Tree Species Selection：Planted as introduces a collection parent with Niao Wang colonies, expand numerous fine individual plant kind Jing after individual plant selection, identification
As the tea tree seedling that introduces a collection is bred.In being planted according to Niao Wang tea colony, the productive and economic characters and clone of each kind breed spy
Point, purposefully growth selection is good, and strong stress resistance, economic characters are excellent, can select category mid-early maturity, suitable for making famous green tea
The improved seeds bird king of " Guiding cloud and mist tribute tea " plants individual plant and is cultivated as tea tree elite stand circle, and obtains tea tree seedling.
(2), cutting medium is prepared：By mass fraction ratio, by 3～4 parts of mixed soil sample, 4～6 parts of edible fungi residue, 2
The rice bran shell of～3 parts of silkworm excrement and 3～4 parts is well mixed, and adds 2～3 parts of Honeysuckle flower dregs of a decoction mixing, by soil pH control
System is obtained cutting medium soil 4.0～5.5, can play offer edaphon suitable growth by the cutting medium soil
Acidity of Aikalinity, improve soil nutrient persistently to cuttage seeding, there is provided enough fertility of plant subsequent growth is supported, while also increasing soil
Earth permeability, can make the breathing of crop root, and drastically reduce the area bad root phenomenon.The mixed soil sample of the present invention is with mass fraction
Mix than the Guizhou Plateau bath pool soil of the humic acid soil under the karst mountain for 10 parts and 1～3 part, plant can be allowed to carry
The Soil Micro-environment of front suitable growth.
Cutting medium of the present invention using 3.5 parts mixed soil sample, 5 parts of edible fungi residue, 2.5 parts of silkworm excrement and 3.5
Part rice bran shell be well mixed, add 2.5 parts the Honeysuckle flower dregs of a decoction mixing, by soil pH control 4.5, and mixed soil sample with
Mass fraction ratio is that the Guizhou Plateau bath pool soil of the humic acid soil under 10 parts of karst mountain and 2 parts is mixed.This
Bright to be laid in cutting medium soil standby in wooden case, the depth that cutting medium soil is laid in wooden case is not less than 10cm.
(3), prepared by cuttage seeding：Before annual spring rudiment, the short fringe of long 3～4cm on tea tree seedling, short fringe top are cut
A leaf is stayed, the branch for having leaf in the middle of short fringe is cut, and clip is smooth, clip is oblique to be cut into 1.0～1.5cm to identical with leaf
Root-inducing powder is pressed quality parts ratio 1 with purple Lasiosphaera fenzlii liquid bacterium by angle segment:2.5～3.5 addition 1000ml distilled water stir
Root-inducing powder can also be pressed quality parts ratio 1 with purple Lasiosphaera fenzlii liquid bacterium by prepared soak, the present invention:3 addition 1000ml distilled water are stirred
Uniformly prepared soak is mixed, short fringe is soaked in soak and carry out after at least 3h cuttage, as humic acid soil can be purple
Lasiosphaera nipponica(Kawam.)Y.Kobayasi late growing stage provides a natural culture medium, promotes Nitrogen In Soils phosphorus by short fringe Root Absorption, not only solves purple
Color Lasiosphaera fenzlii liquid bacterium infection rate is not high, easily causes the dead problem of cuttage seeding, and can also promote bird king tea and purple Lasiosphaera nipponica(Kawam.)Y.Kobayasi
Efficiently symbiosis is survived with promoting cuttage seeding to take root as early as possible utilizing soil nutrient, and the Lasiosphaera fenzlii liquid spawn of the present invention can adopt
ZL201410082599.8 discloses purple Lasiosphaera fenzlii liquid spawn.
(4), cuttage：Before cuttage, 1～2h water waters railway carriage or compartment face, floating railway carriage or compartment face soil, with plank or the floating railway carriage or compartment face soil of iron plate
Earth simultaneously slightly extracts out mud, by the short fringe pruned by 3～5cm of spacing in the rows, 5～8cm of line-spacing cuttages on cutting medium soil, and
Each short fringe blade exposes and towards downwind, in cuttage to avoid damage to cuttings clip, can suppress soil of practising physiognomy by rolling process
Earth, after causing mud layer tight knot, is fixed short fringe direction with hand, soil is fully contacted with short fringe, is firmly unable to lift with hand pin and is advisable,
After cuttage finishes, pour root water and take shading screen shade.
(5), cuttage management：
1., water：At the cuttage initial stage, water daily 1 time, the water yield is defined by irrigating, continue to cuttage seedling rooting, cuttage
Seedling rooting was at 8～10 days.
2., weeding：Seedbed sees that grass is just removed.Tea shoot is pinned with a hand when weeding out the rank grass, another hand gently extracts weeds,
Cuttage seeding should not be affected.
3., topdress：Start to topdress when cuttage seedling leaf grows to 4, cuttage seeding was topdressed 5～8 times altogether in growth period.
4., take off film：Start to take off shading screen white silk seedling when the blade of cuttage seeding grows to 4, during the Heavenly Stems, noon is first taken off from two,
Cover in the evening, after adapting to one week, film is all opened, is adjusted depending on its weather condition when taking off film.
5., transplant：After growth of cuttage seedlings 30～40 days, tea shoot is transplanted to the field of humic acid soil, before transplanting
Tea shoot root is pruned, and the tea shoot root after pruning is dipped in the mud for being completely mixed with nitrogen-fixing bacteria, to improve transplanting survival rate,
Tea shoot is put in cave, soil is buried and is treaded, water, while per plant is applied more than high-quality muck 10kg, the later stage carries out normal field pipe
Reason and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.
The present invention carries out site preparation and fertilising to the field of humic acid soil before tea shoot is transplanted.Can site preparation in two times, first
Secondary removing surface weeds, sterilization, is deep ploughed, more than depth 25cm.Deep plough before seedbed is made for second, about 15 20cm, soil
The whole thin, leveling of block.Open railway carriage or compartment：Tendency of the direction in seedbed according to plot, it is determined as longitudinal direction (with the wind)；Field typically with East and West direction compared with
It is good, before opening railway carriage or compartment, soil disinfection is first carried out with desinsection, bactericide, railway carriage or compartment, railway carriage or compartment face width 1.0m, furrow width 0.5m, ditch depth are opened with 1.5m
0.15m, to be advisable less than 20m, after railway carriage or compartment is held successfully, then in railway carriage or compartment face upper berth 10cm thick cubsoil, leveling is simultaneously gently compressed length, in case
With.Apply fertilizer to the subsoil within 1 month before transplanted seedling, the waste of organic matter such as such as every cave bottom application of organic fertilizers 0.5kg, green manure 0.3kg, grouts
0.2kg, bio-bacterial manure 30g, increase by 20～30g of water-loss reducer of soil, 5～10g of bacteria cellulose after fertilising, table earthen backfill is thereon
20cm is thick.
Conventional field management is carried out after cuttage transplantation of seedlings, field planting weeding then 3 times needs fertilising 2～3 times after transplanting,
After field planting, respectively fertilising 2 times of 4～September of the first three years part, apply in mid-April～the first tenday period of a month in May for the first time, apply during second early autumn,
Dig pit or during ditching-fertilizing, per plant of tree is applied digging 15cm width ditches from footpath Ji20cmChu, general 500 square metres to apply high-quality organic
2～3 tons of fertilizer.Field planting Second Year winter periodically prunes, annual to prune 1 time.
The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control after cuttage transplantation of seedlings, periodically pruning increases bird king tea ventilation and penetrating light in the ranks, reduces gray mold
Occur, while the invalid tissue of discarded tea tree branch, climing, the sick leaf of disease and rot is imbedded in deeper soil layer, which can be increased and rotted
Degree and reduction germ survival rate, reduce the primary infection source of next year.Within rest period, general fluffy face insect is carried out fluffy face and sweeps
Spray, raspberry clump middle and lower part insect adopt side position low-gallonage spraying, the lime sulfur of 4～5 Baume degrees that spray 1～2 time, prevent stem rot
Disease occurs.Avoid damaging Rubus corchorifolius root system during cultivation management, soil disinfection is carried out before plantation, to prevent root knot from occurring.
The dry branches and fallen leaves of raspberry is removed in time, the weeds around raspberry are rooted out, and concentration is made compost, can eliminate the bacterium of various foliage diseases
Source, destroys the hibernacle of various pests, reduces overwintering survival rate, and October, March respectively spray trunk 2 with 5 Baume degrees lime sulfurs
It is secondary, it is simultaneous to control Rubus corchorifolius stem rot.
Embodiment 1
Suitable bird king's tea cuttage breeding method in karst of the present invention,
(1), Tree Species Selection：Planted as introduces a collection parent with Niao Wang colonies, expand numerous Jing after conventional method carries out individual plant selection, identification
The tea tree seedling that fine individual plant kind is bred as introduces a collection.
(2), cutting medium is prepared：By mass fraction ratio, by the mixed soil sample of 3.5kg, the edible fungi residue of 5kg, 2.5kg
Silkworm excrement and the rice bran shell of 3.5kg be well mixed, add the Honeysuckle flower dregs of a decoction mixing of 2.5kg, soil pH control existed
4.5, cutting medium soil is obtained, cutting medium soil is laid in into standby, skewer in long 40cm, width 20cm, the wooden case of high 12cm
Slotting matrix soil is laid on corruption of the depth in wooden case under 11cm, karst mountain of the mixed soil sample with mass fraction ratio as 10kg
The Guizhou Plateau bath pool soil for growing sour soil earth and 1.5kg is mixed.
(3), prepared by cuttage seeding：Before annual spring rudiment, the short fringe of long 3cm on tea tree seedling is cut, and short fringe top stays one
Leaf, the branch for having leaf in the middle of short fringe is cut, and clip is smooth, clip it is oblique with leaf to the identical angle segment for being cut into 1.5cm,
1000ml distilled water is added to stir prepared soak the purple Lasiosphaera fenzlii liquid bacterium of the root-inducing powder of 10g and 30g, by short fringe in leaching
Cuttage is carried out after immersion 3.8h in bubble liquid.
(4), cuttage：Before cuttage, 2h water waters railway carriage or compartment face, floating railway carriage or compartment face soil, with plank or the floating railway carriage or compartment face soil of iron plate
And slightly extract out mud, by the short fringe pruned by spacing in the rows 4cm, line-spacing 6cm cuttages on cutting medium soil, and each short fringe leaf
Piece exposes and towards downwind, in cuttage to avoid damage to cuttings clip, suppresses soil of practising physiognomy with rolling process, causes mud layer tight
After knot, short fringe direction is fixed with hand, soil is fully contacted with short fringe, be firmly unable to lift with hand pin and be advisable, after cuttage finishes, poured
Root water simultaneously takes shading screen shade.
(5), cuttage management：
1., water：At the cuttage initial stage, water daily 1 time, the water yield is defined by irrigating, continue to 8～9 days cuttage seedling rooting skewers
Till seedlings plugging is taken root.
2., weeding：Seedbed sees that grass is just removed.Tea shoot is pinned with a hand when weeding out the rank grass, another hand gently extracts weeds,
Cuttage seeding should not be affected.
3., topdress：Start to topdress when cuttage seedling leaf grows to 4, cuttage seeding was topdressed 6 times altogether in growth period.
4., take off film：Start to take off shading screen white silk seedling when the blade of cuttage seeding grows to 4, during the Heavenly Stems, noon is first taken off from two,
Cover in the evening, after adapting to one week, film is all opened, is adjusted depending on its weather condition when taking off film.
5., transplant：After growth of cuttage seedlings 35 days, tea shoot is transplanted to the field of humic acid soil, to tea before transplanting
Seedling root is pruned, and the tea shoot root after pruning is dipped in the mud for being completely mixed with nitrogen-fixing bacteria, to improve transplanting survival rate, by tea
Seedling is put in cave, is buried soil and is treaded, waters, while per plant is applied high-quality muck 12kg, the later stage carries out normal field management and disease pest
Evil preventing and treating.
Before tea shoot is transplanted, site preparation and fertilising are carried out to the field of humic acid soil, surface weeds is removed for the first time, is disappeared
Poison, deep ploughs to 0.3m.Deep ploughed before seedbed is made again for second, tilling depth is highly 0.2m, soil block is whole carefully, leveling.Open railway carriage or compartment it
Front desinsection, bactericide carry out soil disinfection, tendency of the direction in seedbed according to plot when unpacking, it is determined as longitudinal direction (with the wind), with
1.5m opens railway carriage or compartment, railway carriage or compartment face width 1.0m, furrow width 0.5m, ditch depth 0.15m, after railway carriage or compartment is held successfully, then in railway carriage or compartment face upper berth 10cm thick cubsoil, leveling
And gently compress, with standby.Apply fertilizer to the subsoil within 1 month before transplanted seedling, every cave bottom application of organic fertilizers 0.5kg, green manure 0.3kg, grouts etc. have
Machine thing discarded object 0.2kg, bio-bacterial manure 30g, increase water-loss reducer of soil 25g, bacteria cellulose 8g after fertilising, table earthen backfill is thereon
20cm is thick.
Conventional field management is carried out after cuttage transplantation of seedlings, field planting weeding then 3 times is applied fertilizer 3 times after transplanting, after field planting
Respectively fertilising 2 times of 4～September of the first three years part, apply in mid-April～the first tenday period of a month in May for the first time, apply during second early autumn, dig pit or
During ditching-fertilizing, per plant of tree is being applied from footpath Ji20cmChu digging 15cm width ditches, and general 500 square metres are applied high-quality fertilizer 2.5
Ton.Field planting Second Year winter periodically prunes, annual to prune 1 time.
After cuttage transplantation of seedlings during the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, periodically pruning increases bird king tea ventilation and penetrating light in the ranks, while will be useless
The invalid tissue for abandoning tea tree branch, climing, the sick leaf of disease and rot is imbedded in deeper soil layer.Within rest period, general fluffy face insect reality
Spray is swept in the fluffy face of row, and raspberry clump middle and lower part insect adopts side position low-gallonage spraying, 2 preventions of lime sulfur of 4.2 Baume degrees that spray
Stem rot occurs.Avoid damaging Rubus corchorifolius root system during cultivation management, before plantation, carry out soil disinfection, to prevent root knot from sending out
It is raw.The dry branches and fallen leaves of raspberry is removed in time, the weeds around raspberry are rooted out, and concentration is made compost, can eliminate various foliage diseases
Bacterium source, destroys the hibernacle of various pests, reduces overwintering survival rate, and October, March are respectively sprayed with the lime sulfur of 4.2 Baume degrees
Trunk 2 times, it is simultaneous to control Rubus corchorifolius stem rot.
Cuttage breeding method of the Jing tests using the present invention, survival rate up to 96%, cuttage seedling rooting at 8～9 days, than passing
System method 2 days in advance；Growth is rapid, and after cuttage 1 year, height of seedling increases 20cm than existing method up to 100cm, can be in karst
Area carries out the cutting propagation of bird king tea product.
Embodiment 2
Suitable bird king's tea cuttage breeding method in karst of the present invention,
(1), Tree Species Selection：Planted as introduces a collection parent with Niao Wang colonies, expand numerous Jing after conventional method carries out individual plant selection, identification
The tea tree seedling that fine individual plant kind is bred as introduces a collection.
(2), cutting medium is prepared：By mass fraction ratio, by the mixed soil sample of 3.8kg, the edible fungi residue of 5.8kg,
The rice bran shell of the silkworm excrement and 3.8kg of 2.8kg is well mixed, and adds the Honeysuckle flower dregs of a decoction mixing of 2.8kg, by soil pH control
4.6, cutting medium soil is obtained, cutting medium soil is laid in it is standby in long 40cm, width 20cm, the wooden case of high 13cm,
Cutting medium soil is laid on the depth in wooden case under 12cm, karst mountain of the mixed soil sample with mass fraction ratio as 10Kg
The Guizhou Plateau bath pool soil of humic acid soil and 2.5Kg is mixed.(3), prepared by cuttage seeding：Before annual spring rudiment, cut
The short fringe of long 3.5cm on lower tea tree seedling, short fringe top stay a leaf, and the branch for having leaf in the middle of short fringe is cut, and clip is smooth,
Clip it is oblique with leaf to the identical angle segment for being cut into 1.2cm, purple Lasiosphaera fenzlii liquid bacterium of the root-inducing powder of 10g with 35g is added
1000ml distilled water stirs prepared soak, carries out cuttage after short fringe is soaked 4h in soak.
(4), cuttage：Before cuttage, 1.5h water waters railway carriage or compartment face, floating railway carriage or compartment face soil, with plank or the floating railway carriage or compartment face soil of iron plate
Earth simultaneously slightly extracts out mud, on cutting medium soil and each short by spacing in the rows 4.5cm, line-spacing 7cm cuttages by the short fringe pruned
Fringe blade exposes and towards downwind, in cuttage to avoid damage to cuttings clip, suppresses soil of practising physiognomy with rolling process, causes mud
After layer tight knot, short fringe direction being fixed with hand, soil is fully contacted with short fringe, be firmly unable to lift with hand pin and be advisable, cuttage finishes
Afterwards, pour root water and take shading screen shade.
(5), cuttage management：
1., water：At the cuttage initial stage, water daily 1 time, the water yield is defined by irrigating, continue to the 7th～8 day cuttage seedling rooting
Till.
2., weeding：Seedbed sees that grass is just removed.Tea shoot is pinned with a hand when weeding out the rank grass, another hand gently extracts weeds,
Cuttage seeding should not be affected.
3., topdress：Start to topdress when cuttage seedling leaf grows to 4, cuttage seeding was topdressed 6 times altogether in growth period.
4., take off film：Start to take off shading screen white silk seedling when the blade of cuttage seeding grows to 4, during the Heavenly Stems, noon is first taken off from two,
Cover in the evening, after adapting to one week, film is all opened, is adjusted depending on its weather condition when taking off film.
5., transplant：After growth of cuttage seedlings 32 days, tea shoot is transplanted to the field of humic acid soil, to tea before transplanting
Seedling root is pruned, and the tea shoot root after pruning is dipped in the mud for being completely mixed with nitrogen-fixing bacteria, to improve transplanting survival rate, by tea
Seedling is put in cave, is buried soil and is treaded, waters, while per plant is applied high-quality muck 12kg, the later stage carries out normal field management and disease pest
Evil preventing and treating.
Before tea shoot is transplanted, site preparation and fertilising are carried out to the field of humic acid soil, surface weeds is removed for the first time, is disappeared
Poison, carries out at least deep ploughing of 0.3m.Deep plough before seedbed is made for second, tilling depth is highly 0.25m, soil block is whole carefully, leveling.Opening
Soil disinfection is carried out with desinsection, bactericide before railway carriage or compartment, tendency of the direction in seedbed according to plot when unpacking, it is determined as longitudinal direction is (suitable
Wind), railway carriage or compartment, railway carriage or compartment face width 1.0m, furrow width 0.5m, ditch depth 0.15m, after railway carriage or compartment is held successfully, then in the railway carriage or compartment face upper berth 10cm thick heart are opened with 1.5m
Soil, leveling are simultaneously gently compressed, with standby.Apply fertilizer to the subsoil within 1 month before transplanted seedling, per cave bottom application of organic fertilizers 0.5kg, green manure 0.3kg, cake
The waste of organic matter 0.2kg such as dregs of rice, bio-bacterial manure 30g, increase water-loss reducer of soil 25g, bacteria cellulose 8g after fertilising, table soil is returned
Fill out 20cm thereon thick.
When carrying out conventional field management after cuttage transplantation of seedlings, field planting weeding then 3 times is applied fertilizer 2 times after transplanting, field planting
Respectively fertilising 2 times of 4～September of the first three years part, apply in mid-April～the first tenday period of a month in May for the first time, apply, dig pit during second early autumn afterwards
Or per plant of tree is being applied from footpath Ji20cmChu digging 15cm width ditches during ditching-fertilizing, general 500 square metres are applied high-quality fertilizer 3
Ton.Field planting Second Year winter periodically prunes, annual to prune 1 time.
After cuttage transplantation of seedlings during the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, periodically pruning increases bird king tea ventilation and penetrating light in the ranks, while will be discarded
The invalid tissue of tea tree branch, climing, the sick leaf of disease and rot is imbedded in deeper soil layer.Within rest period, general fluffy face insect is carried out
Spray is swept in fluffy face, and raspberry clump middle and lower part insect adopts side position low-gallonage spraying, the 2 prevention stem rots of lime sulfur for 5 Baume degrees that spray
Disease occurs.Avoid damaging Rubus corchorifolius root system during cultivation management, soil disinfection is carried out before plantation, to prevent root knot from occurring.
The dry branches and fallen leaves of raspberry is removed in time, the weeds around raspberry are rooted out, and concentration is made compost, can eliminate the bacterium of various foliage diseases
Source, destroys the hibernacle of various pests, reduces overwintering survival rate, and October, March are respectively with the lime sulfur spray trunk 2 of 5 Baume degrees
It is secondary, it is simultaneous to control Rubus corchorifolius stem rot.
Cuttage breeding method of the Jing tests using the present invention, survival rate up to 98%, cuttage seedling rooting at 7～8 days, than passing
System method 3 days in advance；Growth is rapid, and after cuttage 1 year, height of seedling increases 25cm than existing method up to 105cm, can be in karst
Area carries out the cutting propagation of bird king tea product.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of suitable bird king's tea cuttage breeding method in karst, it is characterised in that：Have steps of,
(1), Tree Species Selection：Planted as introduces a collection parent with Niao Wang colonies, expand numerous fine individual plant kind conduct Jing after individual plant selection, identification
The tea tree seedling that introduces a collection is bred；
(2), cutting medium is prepared：By mass fraction ratio, by 3～4 parts of mixed soil sample, 4～6 parts of edible fungi residue, 2～3 parts
Silkworm excrement and 3～4 parts of rice bran shell be well mixed, add 2～3 parts of Honeysuckle flower dregs of a decoction mixing, soil pH control existed
4.0～5.5, cutting medium soil is obtained, cutting medium soil is laid in standby in wooden case, and cutting medium soil is laid on
Depth in wooden case is not less than 10cm, wherein, described mixed soil sample is with the corruption under karst mountain that mass fraction ratio is 10 parts
The Guizhou Plateau bath pool soil for growing sour soil earth and 1～3 part is mixed；
(3), prepared by cuttage seeding：Before annual spring rudiment, the short fringe of long 3～4cm on tea tree seedling is cut, and short fringe top stays one
Leaf, the branch for having leaf in the middle of short fringe is cut, and clip is smooth, clip it is oblique with leaf to the identical angle for being cut into 1.0～1.5cm
Root-inducing powder is pressed quality parts ratio 1 with purple Lasiosphaera fenzlii liquid bacterium by segment:2.5～3.5 addition 1000ml distilled water stir prepared
Soak, short fringe is soaked in soak and carry out after at least 3h cuttage；
(4), cuttage：Before cuttage, 1～2h water waters railway carriage or compartment face, floating railway carriage or compartment face soil, by the short fringe pruned by spacing in the rows 3～
5cm, 5～8cm of line-spacing cuttages are on cutting medium soil, and each short fringe blade exposes and towards downwind, after cuttage finishes, pours
Root water simultaneously takes shading screen shade；
(5), cuttage management：
1., water：At the cuttage initial stage, water daily 1 time, the water yield is defined by irrigating, and is continued to cuttage seedling rooting；
2., weeding：Seedbed sees that grass is just removed；
3., topdress：Start to topdress when cuttage seedling leaf grows to 4, cuttage seeding was topdressed 5～8 times altogether in growth period；
4., take off film：Start to take off shading screen white silk seedling when the blade of cuttage seeding grows to 4, during the Heavenly Stems, noon is first taken off from two, evening
Cover, after adapting to one week, film is all opened；
5., transplant：After growth of cuttage seedlings 30～40 days, tea shoot is transplanted to the field of humic acid soil, to tea before transplanting
Seedling root is pruned, and the tea shoot root after pruning is dipped in the mud for being completely mixed with nitrogen-fixing bacteria, tea shoot is put in cave, soil is buried and is stepped on
It is real, water, while per plant is applied more than high-quality muck 10kg, the later stage carries out conventional field management and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.
2. suitable bird king's tea cuttage breeding method in karst according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
When preparing cutting medium, by the rice bran shell of 3.5 parts of mixed soil sample, 5 parts of edible fungi residue, 2.5 parts of silkworm excrement and 3.5 parts
It is well mixed, adds 2.5 parts of Honeysuckle flower dregs of a decoction mixing, soil pH is controlled 4.5, cutting medium soil is obtained.
3. suitable bird king's tea cuttage breeding method in karst according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Root-inducing powder and purple Lasiosphaera fenzlii liquid bacterium press quality parts ratio 1:3 addition 1000ml distilled water stir prepared soak.
4. suitable bird king's tea cuttage breeding method in karst according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In tea
Before transplantation of seedlings, site preparation and fertilising are carried out to the field of humic acid soil.
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| CN107624484A (en) * | 2017-10-12 | 2018-01-26 | 平顶山学院 | A kind of Kiwi berry hardwood cuttage method |
| CN109845501A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-06-07 | 贵州省茶叶研究所 | A method of improving tea shoot field Mycorrhizal cutting propagation effect |
| CN116097990A (en) * | 2022-12-16 | 2023-05-12 | 隆回县优异茶树苗木繁育种植专业合作社 | Tea seedling breeding method |
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