CN104429531B - A kind of Camellia sinensis, frame and alfalfa interplanting method - Google Patents
A kind of Camellia sinensis, frame and alfalfa interplanting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104429531B CN104429531B CN201410734675.9A CN201410734675A CN104429531B CN 104429531 B CN104429531 B CN 104429531B CN 201410734675 A CN201410734675 A CN 201410734675A CN 104429531 B CN104429531 B CN 104429531B
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- 235000017587 Medicago sativa ssp. sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 235000006468 Thea sinensis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 240000004658 Medicago sativa Species 0.000 title claims description 11
- 244000052707 Camellia sinensis Species 0.000 title abstract 5
- 241000219823 Medicago Species 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 241000589180 Rhizobium Species 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 claims description 74
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 9
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 240000002791 Brassica napus Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000004977 Brassica sinapistrum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010624 Medicago sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009027 insemination Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000209128 Bambusa Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000013616 tea Nutrition 0.000 description 23
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000009024 Ceanothus sanguineus Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000003553 Leptospermum scoparium Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000015459 Lycium barbarum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000037666 field crops Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000009569 green tea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 241000209507 Camellia Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015940 Leptospermum coriaceum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000021209 Leptospermum coriaceum Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000005860 Portulaca grandiflora Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003967 crop rotation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000582 semen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004162 soil erosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Camellia sinensis, frame and alfalfa interplanting method, including whole ground basal dressing, Camellia sinensis is planted, planting of frame subtree, alfalfa Rhizobium Inoculation, alfalfa is sowed, alfalfa is gathered in real time, the steps such as the pruning of frame subtree, the present invention arranges by carrying out frame subtree pruning, it is shaped as " single trunk natural open centre shape ", can effectively control its light transmittance, certain effect of sheltering from heat or light is provided for Camellia sinensis, this tree-like growth also helping frame subtree, alfalfa is gathered by the present invention the most in real time, can effectively reduce its impact on Camellia sinensis, also improve the amount of gathering of alfalfa.These three plant is planted by the present invention together, can make full use of land resource, improves economic worth.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of cultivation, be specifically related to a kind of Camellia sinensis, frame and alfalfa
Interplanting method.
Background technology
Folium Camelliae sinensis is the aiphyllium of Theaceae Camellia, and tea is perennial evergreen xylophyta, its
Plant is the highest, tree crown is intensive, tree fabric width is big, evergreen all the year round, can produce several continuously once plantation
Within 10 years, even go up a century.
The plantation of Folium Camelliae sinensis at present there is problems in that under the conditions of existing cultivation management, planting
A few Nian Jiukefeng garden, tea place, formed the dense closing of tree crown, less more the holding of miniclimate luffing
Special ecological environment for a long time, unlike the field crops such as Semen Maydis, Oryza sativa L. and vegetable are with seasonality results
Ecosystem is made to interrupt.At Tea planting first 5 years, Camellia sinensis was less, and the gap between Camellia sinensis is big,
Be not fully used in soil, or be frequently grown weeds cause fertilizer waste and manual labor increase
Add, or cause soil erosion owing to ground exposes.Further, since the tea tree planting cycle is long,
Therefore the later stage is of a relatively high to the demand of fertilizer, in order to reduce the harm of chemical substance and pesticide,
Seek a kind of scientific and effective method and important.
It addition, in reality planting process, general about 10 years of family of plantation with regard to crop rotation once,
Purpose is to make tea place keep fertile soil, reduces the generation of pest and disease damage.But so certainly will increase
Planting cost, therefore improves also having in crop cycle of Folium Camelliae sinensis and is of great significance.
Folium Camelliae sinensis belongs to weak sun plant, can reach optimal growth when the rate of sheltering from heat or light is 50%-70%
State, but utilize shade net certainly will increase production cost, therefore reasonably utilize shelter from heat or light tree with
Folium Camelliae sinensis is planted the most necessary together.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is on the basis of existing technology, it is provided that a kind of Camellia sinensis, frame and alfalfa
Interplanting method, by the control that realizes sheltering from heat or light Camellia sinensis to frame son rationally shaping, improves tea
The yield of leaf, by improving the nitrogen fixing capacity of soil tea place row interplant alfalfa, improves
The fertility of soil, it is also possible to effectively utilize soil, improves the crop cycle of Camellia sinensis, improves tea
The economic benefit of agriculture.
In order to reach above-mentioned technique effect, the present invention provides following technical scheme:
A kind of Camellia sinensis, frame and alfalfa interplanting method, comprise the steps:
1) whole ground and applying fertilizer to the subsoil: in 2-3 month, soil deep tillage 18-22cm, the most whole rake,
Remove weeds, combine deep plough mu execute rapeseed cake fertilizer 400-500 kilogram, animal dung of becoming thoroughly decomposed 1000～
2000 kilograms, carbamide 50-80kg, calcium superphosphate 25-30kg；Whole complete tall bamboos joint ditch or field bund；
2) Camellia sinensis is planted: dig field planting ditch, and during field planting, line-spacing is 1.6-2.2 rice, and spacing in the rows is 0.5-0.7
Rice；Late Febuary, to mid-March, utilizes cutting to plant；
3) sub the planting of frame: Second Year is by the end of March to the first tenday period of a month in May, and insemination pot shelf, every four
Dell is dug, a diameter of 50-55cm in hole, deep 60-70cm between row Camellia sinensis；Press in dell
Decomposed manure is executed in 20-25 jin/hole, then earthing extremely 5-8cm above ground level；Every mu of tea place kind
Plant frame subtree 14-20；
4) alfalfa Rhizobium Inoculation: be first that nitragin is made into the water that concentration is 1-2%
Solution so that it is absorption, on seed, is not directly dressed seed with dry microbial inoculum, by the dipped kind of warm water
Son connects bacterium again after drying, every 300-500 gram of nitragin aqueous solution mixes seed of Medicago sativa L. 1 kilogram；
5) alfalfa sowing: from the beginning of Second Year, 9-10 month is in the ranks sowed at tea,
At first 4 years of growth of tea plant, sowing two row alfalfas between every two row Camellia sinensis, mu sowing quantity is
0.2-0.6kg；After 4th year, sowing a line alfalfa between every two row Camellia sinensis, mu sowing quantity is
0.1-0.3kg；
6) alfalfa is gathered the most in batches: gather when the average plant height of alfalfa plant is 50cm,
Within 1 year, gather 4-5 time；
7) pruning of frame: frame is shaped as " single trunk natural open centre shape "
Plant, the branch selecting stalwartness upright after seedling field planting makees trunk, and remaining branch all cuts off；
One piece of sturdy bud of selecting and remain on the branch give over to trunk is clip bud, removes raw another simultaneously
Piece bud, makes only one young sprout grow up as trunk elongated shoot, second and third under clip
Bud is also peelled off and to avoid competitive branch；The young sprout occurred on the most all trunks is all erased；Work as master
Dry growth reaches object height and surely does；Then 35 strong branches of selecting and remain from the young sprout of pumping do
Major branch is cultivated, and remaining young sprout only retains 2-3 has the branch of growing space to do auxiliary support branch, and remaining person dredges
Remove, cutting back l/3 when the major branch winter selected and remain is cut, promote shoot expansion tree crown, to heading height with
Under branch and sprout tillers all wipe out；Wherein within 1～3 year, to cultivate trunk, 4-5 cultivates
Side shoot, through the tree-like molding of 4-5.
Above-mentioned Camellia sinensis, frame son and alfalfa interplanting method in, step 2) described in cutting
Long 3cm, has a full axillalry bud and a piece of true leaf, and clip is smooth parallel with blade and stem is 45
Degree angle, blade 1/2, from petiole 3-5cm, is stayed in upper end.
Above-mentioned Camellia sinensis, frame son and alfalfa interplanting method in, step 7) described in frame
The heading height of son is 0.8-1.2 rice.
After frame subtree molding, periodically frame subtree is pruned every year so that it is rate of sheltering from heat or light
For 50-70%, it is ensured that the optimum growh state of Folium Camelliae sinensis.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1, Camellia sinensis intercrop alfalfa, owing to alfalfa is different from growth of tea plant level, can
Effectively to utilize space, land for growing field crops, and it is independent of each other, there is the effect brought out the best in each other, and
At growth of tea plant in early days, can effectively utilize the spacing between Camellia sinensis, make full use of soil.?
In actual cultivation, the time according to growth of tea plant is different, the alfalfa of different rows of planting,
Soil can be made full use of, and do not affect the illumination of alfalfa.
2, in real time alfalfa is gathered, just gather when plant reaches 50cm, purpose
Be reduce its on growth of tea plant and the impact gathered, and also its ultimate production can be improved.
3, alfalfa belongs to leguminous plant, has nitrogen fixation, can be effectively in soil
Increase nutrient, reduce the usage amount of chemical fertilizer, effectively reduce chemical fertilizer residual quantity in Folium Camelliae sinensis,
Improve tea leaf quality.
4, frame and the plantation of Camellia sinensis interval, arrange, by it by carrying out frame pruning
It is shaped as " single trunk natural open centre shape ", can effectively control its light transmittance, and be Camellia sinensis
Certain effect of sheltering from heat or light is provided, improves the productivity of Folium Camelliae sinensis.
5, improve the crop cycle of Camellia sinensis, decrease planting cost, take full advantage of soil,
Increase the income of peasant household.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
Tea place is planted green tea.
Green tea tree, frame and alfalfa interplanting method, comprise the steps:
1) whole ground and applying fertilizer to the subsoil: by the end of February, soil deep tillage 18-22cm, the most whole rake, clearly
Cut weeds, execute rapeseed cake fertilizer 400 kilograms, animal dung of becoming thoroughly decomposed 2000 kilograms in conjunction with deep ploughing mu, urine
Element 50kg, calcium superphosphate 30kg；Whole complete tall bamboos joint ditch；
2) Camellia sinensis is planted: dig field planting ditch, and during field planting, line-spacing is 1.6 meters, and spacing in the rows is 0.7 meter；2
In the last ten-days period moon, cutting is utilized to plant；The long 3cm of described cutting, have a full axillalry bud and
A piece of true leaf, clip is smooth parallel with blade and stem is 45 degree of angles, upper end from petiole 3-5cm,
Stay blade 1/2.
3) sub the planting of frame: by the end of March, insemination pot shelf, every four row Camellia sinensis for Second Year
Between dig dell, a diameter of 50-55cm in hole, deep 60-70cm；By 23 jin/hole in dell
Execute decomposed manure, then earthing extremely 5-8cm above ground level；Every mu of tea place Planting pot frame subtree
14；
4) alfalfa Rhizobium Inoculation: be first nitragin is made into concentration be 1% water-soluble
Liquid so that it is absorption, on seed, is not directly dressed seed with dry microbial inoculum, with the dipped seed of warm water
Connecing bacterium after drying again, every 300 grams of nitragin aqueous solutions mix seed of Medicago sativa L. 1 kilogram；
5) alfalfa sowing: from the beginning of Second Year, mid-September is in the ranks sowed at tea,
First 4 years of growth of tea plant, sow two row alfalfas between every two row Camellia sinensis, and mu sowing quantity is 0.2kg；
After 4th year, sowing a line alfalfa between every two row Camellia sinensis, mu sowing quantity is 0.1kg；
6) alfalfa is gathered the most in batches: gather when the average plant height of alfalfa plant is 50cm,
Within 1 year, gather 4 times；
7) pruning of frame: frame is shaped as " single trunk natural open centre shape "
Plant, the branch selecting stalwartness upright after seedling field planting makees trunk, and remaining branch all cuts off；
One piece of sturdy bud of selecting and remain on the branch give over to trunk is clip bud, removes raw another simultaneously
Piece bud, makes only one young sprout grow up as trunk elongated shoot, second and third under clip
Bud is also peelled off and to avoid competitive branch；The young sprout occurred on the most all trunks is all erased；Work as master
Dry growth reaches object height and surely does；Heading height is 0.8 meter, then from the young sprout of pumping
35 strong branches of selecting and remain do major branch and cultivate, and remaining young sprout only retains 2-3 growing space
Branch does auxiliary support branch, and remaining person removes, cutting back l/3 when cutting the major branch winter selected and remain, and promotees shoot expansion
Tree crown, all wipes out the branch below heading height and sprout tillers；Wherein 1～3 year to cultivate trunk
Being main, 4-5 cultivated side shoot, through tree-like molding in 5 years.
After frame subtree molding, periodically frame subtree is pruned every year so that it is rate of sheltering from heat or light
For 50-70%, it is ensured that the optimum growh state of Folium Camelliae sinensis.
Periodically it is watered, fertilizing management, Folium Camelliae sinensis is gathered in time.
Be computed, tea grower every year on average every mu increase income about 6200 yuan.
Embodiment 2
Scented tea is planted in tea place.
Scented tea tree, frame and alfalfa interplanting method, comprise the steps:
1) whole ground and applying fertilizer to the subsoil: in the first tenday period of a month in March, soil deep tillage 18-22cm, the most whole rake,
Remove weeds, execute rapeseed cake fertilizer 440 kilograms, animal dung of becoming thoroughly decomposed 1500 kilograms in conjunction with deep ploughing mu,
Carbamide 60kg, calcium superphosphate 250kg；Whole complete repair field bund；
2) Camellia sinensis is planted: dig field planting ditch, and during field planting, line-spacing is 2 meters, and spacing in the rows is 0.6 meter；3
In the first tenday period of a month moon, cutting is utilized to plant；The long 3cm of described cutting, have a full axillalry bud and
A piece of true leaf, clip is smooth parallel with blade and stem is 45 degree of angles, upper end from petiole 3-5cm,
Stay blade 1/2；
3) sub the planting of frame: by the end of March, insemination pot shelf, every four row Camellia sinensis for Second Year
Between dig dell, a diameter of 50cm in hole, deep 60cm；Executed become thoroughly decomposed by 20 jin/hole in dell
Fertilizer, then earthing extremely 5cm above ground level；Every mu of tea place Planting pot frame subtree 18；
4) alfalfa Rhizobium Inoculation: be first nitragin is made into concentration be 2% water-soluble
Liquid so that it is absorption, on seed, is not directly dressed seed with dry microbial inoculum, with the dipped seed of warm water
Connecing bacterium after drying again, every 400 grams of nitragin aqueous solutions mix seed of Medicago sativa L. 1 kilogram；
5) alfalfa sowing: from the beginning of Second Year, 9-10 month is in the ranks sowed at tea,
At first 4 years of growth of tea plant, sowing two row alfalfas between every two row Camellia sinensis, mu sowing quantity is
0.46kg；After 4th year, sowing a line alfalfa between every two row Camellia sinensis, mu sowing quantity is
0.2kg；
6) alfalfa is gathered the most in batches: gather when the average plant height of alfalfa plant is 50cm,
Within 1 year, gather 5 times；
7) pruning of frame: frame is shaped as " single trunk natural open centre shape "
Plant, the branch selecting stalwartness upright after seedling field planting makees trunk, and remaining branch all cuts off；
One piece of sturdy bud of selecting and remain on the branch give over to trunk is clip bud, removes raw another simultaneously
Piece bud, makes only one young sprout grow up as trunk elongated shoot, second and third under clip
Bud is also peelled off and to avoid competitive branch；The young sprout occurred on the most all trunks is all erased；Work as master
Dry growth reaches object height and surely does；Heading height is 1 meter, then selects from the young sprout of pumping
Staying 35 strong branches to do major branch to cultivate, remaining young sprout only retains 2-3 the branch having growing space
Doing auxiliary support branch, remaining person removes, cutting back l/3 when cutting the major branch winter selected and remain, and promotees shoot expansion tree
Hat, all wipes out the branch below heading height and sprout tillers；Within 1～3 year, to cultivate trunk it is wherein
Main, 4-5 cultivated side shoot, through tree-like molding in 5 years.
After frame subtree molding, periodically frame subtree is pruned every year so that it is rate of sheltering from heat or light
For 50-70%, it is ensured that the optimum growh state of Folium Camelliae sinensis.
Periodically it is watered, fertilizing management, Folium Camelliae sinensis is gathered in time.
Be computed, tea grower every year on average every mu increase income about 7000 yuan.
Embodiment 3
Dragon well green tea is planted in tea place.
Dragon well green tea Camellia sinensis, frame and alfalfa interplanting method, comprise the steps:
1) whole ground and applying fertilizer to the subsoil: by the end of February, soil deep tillage 18-22cm, the most whole rake, clearly
Cut weeds, execute rapeseed cake fertilizer 500 kilograms, animal dung of becoming thoroughly decomposed 1000 kilograms in conjunction with deep ploughing mu, urine
Element 80kg, calcium superphosphate 30kg；Whole complete tall bamboos joint ditch；
2) Camellia sinensis is planted: dig field planting ditch, and during field planting, line-spacing is 2.2 meters, and spacing in the rows is 0.5 meter；2
In the last ten-days period moon, cutting is utilized to plant；
3) sub the planting of frame: Second Year is by the end of March to the first tenday period of a month in May, and insemination pot shelf, often
Dell is dug, a diameter of 50-55cm in hole, deep 60-70cm between four row Camellia sinensis；In dell
Decomposed manure is executed, then earthing extremely 5-8cm above ground level by 25 jin/hole；Every mu of tea place plantation
Frame subtree 20；The long 3cm of described cutting, has a full axillalry bud and a piece of true leaf, cuts
Mouth is smooth parallel with blade and stem is 45 degree of angles, and blade 1/2, from petiole 3-5cm, is stayed in upper end.
4) alfalfa Rhizobium Inoculation: be first nitragin is made into concentration be 2% water-soluble
Liquid so that it is absorption, on seed, is not directly dressed seed with dry microbial inoculum, with the dipped seed of warm water
Connecing bacterium after drying again, every 500 grams of nitragin aqueous solutions mix seed of Medicago sativa L. 1 kilogram；
5) alfalfa sowing: from the beginning of Second Year, early October is in the ranks sowed at tea,
At first 4 years of growth of tea plant, sowing two row alfalfas between every two row Camellia sinensis, mu sowing quantity is
0.6kg；After 4th year, sowing a line alfalfa between every two row Camellia sinensis, mu sowing quantity is 0.3kg；
6) alfalfa is gathered the most in batches: gather when the average plant height of alfalfa plant is 50cm,
Within 1 year, gather 5 times；
7) pruning of frame: frame is shaped as " single trunk natural open centre shape "
Plant, the branch selecting stalwartness upright after seedling field planting makees trunk, and remaining branch all cuts off；
One piece of sturdy bud of selecting and remain on the branch give over to trunk is clip bud, removes raw another simultaneously
Piece bud, makes only one young sprout grow up as trunk elongated shoot, second and third under clip
Bud is also peelled off and to avoid competitive branch；The young sprout occurred on the most all trunks is all erased；Work as master
Dry growth reaches object height and surely does；Heading height is 1.2 meters, then from the young sprout of pumping
35 strong branches of selecting and remain do major branch and cultivate, and remaining young sprout only retains 2-3 growing space
Branch does auxiliary support branch, and remaining person removes, cutting back l/3 when cutting the major branch winter selected and remain, and promotees shoot expansion
Tree crown, all wipes out the branch below heading height and sprout tillers；Wherein 1～3 year to cultivate trunk
It is main, within the 4th year, cultivates side shoot, through tree-like molding in 4 years.
After frame subtree molding, periodically frame subtree is pruned every year so that it is rate of sheltering from heat or light
For 50-70%, it is ensured that the optimum growh state of Folium Camelliae sinensis.
Periodically it is watered, fertilizing management, Folium Camelliae sinensis is gathered in time.
Be computed, tea grower every year on average every mu increase income about 5600 yuan.
Claims (4)
1. a Camellia sinensis, frame and alfalfa interplanting method, it is characterised in that include walking as follows
Rapid:
1) whole ground and applying fertilizer to the subsoil: in 2-3 month, soil deep tillage 18-22cm, the most whole rake, remove
Weeds, execute rapeseed cake fertilizer 400-500 kilogram, animal dung of becoming thoroughly decomposed 1000～2000 in conjunction with deep ploughing mu
Kilogram, carbamide 50-80kg, calcium superphosphate 25-30kg；Whole complete tall bamboos joint ditch or field bund；
2) Camellia sinensis is planted: dig field planting ditch, and during field planting, line-spacing is 1.6-2.2 rice, and spacing in the rows is 0.5-0.7
Rice；Late Febuary, to mid-March, utilizes cutting to plant；
3) sub the planting of frame: Second Year is by the end of March to the first tenday period of a month in May, and insemination pot shelf, every four
Dell is dug, a diameter of 50-55cm in hole, deep 60-70cm between row Camellia sinensis；Press in dell
Decomposed manure is executed in 20-25 jin/hole, then earthing extremely 5-8cm above ground level；Every mu of tea place kind
Plant frame subtree 14-20；
4) alfalfa Rhizobium Inoculation: be first that nitragin is made into the aqueous solution that concentration is 1-2%,
Making it adsorb on seed, directly do not dress seed with dry microbial inoculum, the seed dipped with warm water dries
After connect bacterium again, every 300-500 gram of nitragin aqueous solution mixes seed of Medicago sativa L. 1 kilogram；
5) alfalfa sowing: from the beginning of Second Year, 9-10 month is in the ranks sowed at tea, at tea
First 4 years of tree growth, sow two row alfalfas between every two row Camellia sinensis, and mu sowing quantity is
0.2-0.6kg；After 4th year, sowing a line alfalfa between every two row Camellia sinensis, mu sowing quantity is
0.1-0.3kg；
6) alfalfa is gathered the most in batches: gather when the average plant height of alfalfa plant is 50cm, and one
Year gathers 4-5 time；
7) pruning of frame: frame is shaped as " single trunk natural open centre shape " plant,
The branch selecting stalwartness upright after seedling field planting makees trunk, and remaining branch all cuts off；Giving over to
One piece of sturdy bud of selecting and remain on the branch of trunk is clip bud, removes another piece of raw bud simultaneously,
Make only one young sprout grow up as trunk elongated shoot, under clip second and third to bud also
Peel off and to avoid competitive branch；The young sprout occurred on the most all trunks is all erased；When trunk grows
Reach object height surely to do；Then 35 strong branches of selecting and remain from the young sprout of pumping do major branch training
Supporting, remaining young sprout only retains 2-3 has the branch of growing space to do auxiliary support branch, and remaining person removes, right
Cutting back l/3 when the major branch winter selected and remain cuts, promotees shoot expansion tree crown, to the branch below heading height
Bar and sprout tillers are all wiped out；Wherein within 1～3 year, to cultivate trunk, 4-5 cultivates side shoot,
Through the tree-like molding of 4-5.
2. Camellia sinensis as claimed in claim 1, frame and alfalfa interplanting method, it is characterised in that
Step 2) described in the long 3cm of cutting, have a full axillalry bud and a piece of true leaf, clip smooth
And stem parallel with blade is 45 degree of angles, and blade 1/2, from petiole 3-5cm, is stayed in upper end.
3. Camellia sinensis as claimed in claim 1, frame and alfalfa interplanting method, it is characterised in that
Step 7) described in frame son heading height be 0.8-1.2 rice.
4. Camellia sinensis, frame and the alfalfa interplanting method as described in any one of claim 1-3, its
It is characterised by, after frame subtree molding, periodically frame subtree is pruned every year so that it is
The rate of sheltering from heat or light is 50-70%.
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| CN105248235B (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2018-04-13 | 广西职业技术学院 | Tableland tea place shade method |
| CN106304926A (en) * | 2016-10-03 | 2017-01-11 | 东北林业大学 | Method for reducing application of nitrogen fertilizer by intercropping morus alba L./alfalfa |
| CN107176866A (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2017-09-19 | 贵州天沁商贸有限责任公司 | A kind of maintenance process of organic tea garden and its organic fertilizer |
| CN107182690A (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2017-09-22 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | A kind of method that alfalfa is planted under walnut |
| CN108617392A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-10-09 | 六枝特区朝华农业科技有限公司 | A kind of method of tealeaves and milled glutinous broomcorn millet interplanting |
| CN109168914A (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2019-01-11 | 福建农林大学 | A kind of synthesis implantation methods of tea place interplanting alfalfa |
| CN109716991A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-05-07 | 济宁市食品药品检验检测中心（济宁市药品不良反应与药物滥用监测中心） | Honeysuckle, ginkgo and clover interplanting cultivation management method |
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Inventor after: Wu Cheng Inventor after: Feng Shanting Inventor after: Cui Zhu Inventor after: Wang Weining Inventor after: Cui Songqing Inventor before: Huang Huan |
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Effective date of registration: 20161207 Address after: Futian District Shenzhen City, Guangdong province 518000 Fumin Road No. 12 building 2304. Patentee after: Shenzhen Haoke Garden Co. Ltd. Address before: And the industrial district of Liuzhou city the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 545000 Xing Ting Road No. 5 Patentee before: Huang Huan |