CN103181270A - Method for manually culturing rhodiola rosea in high-altitude area - Google Patents
Method for manually culturing rhodiola rosea in high-altitude area Download PDFInfo
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- CN103181270A CN103181270A CN2011104432922A CN201110443292A CN103181270A CN 103181270 A CN103181270 A CN 103181270A CN 2011104432922 A CN2011104432922 A CN 2011104432922A CN 201110443292 A CN201110443292 A CN 201110443292A CN 103181270 A CN103181270 A CN 103181270A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for manually culturing rhodiola rosea in a high-altitude area, belonging to the technical field of manual culturing of the rhodiola rosea. A seedling which is subjected to seed dressing with fine sands and sprout culturing with a low bed is taken as a germchit, the rhodiola rosea sapling which grows for 10-12 months in a sprout bed is transplanted into a land in the next March to May, a plant space and a row space of culturing in the land is 20-30cm, and muck is spread over the land after the seedling recovery; and in later each April to June, 1000-1500kg of muck is spread in each mu of land, water control processing is implemented in each August to September, the processing time is 10-30 days, a continuous period is 3-5 years, and the medicinal material of rhodiola rosea is harvested after finishing the process. According to the method, the seedling is subjected to the seed dressing with fine sands, so that seeds are enabled to be uniformly sown, and the quality of the sapling is improved; by adopting the muck to replace fertilizer, the quality of the medicinal material is guaranteed; and by the adoption of water control in a later period, the yield of the medicinal material is increased.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the artificial cultivation technique field of rhodiola root, particularly a kind of method at high altitude localities artificial cultivation rhodiola root.
Background technology
Rhodiola Rhodiola crenulate (Hook.f.et THoms) H.Ohba is that rhodiola is that Crassulaceae red-spotted stonecrop subfamily rhodiola draft is planted, and has another name called the knuckle-tooth rhodiola root, belongs to perennial meat draft, main shaft rhizome on the ground is short, nearly cylindrical horizontal walk, and diameter is 0.6-3cm, remaining spray minority, black, high 5-20cm, sterile plate is arranged, upright, high 5-17cm, the flakey leaf is given birth in the tip adherence, long 1-3cm, and scape is many, high 5-20cm, diameter are 1-9mm, and upright or fan-shaped is arranged.When bright redly.Basal leaf is undeveloped, becomes flakey, and is asymmetric.The cauline leaf alternate has short false handle, ellipticity Long Circle or circle, and long 1-3mm, wide 9-22mm, tip is blunt or have weak point sharp, full edge or wavy or knuckle-tooth shape.Inflorescence umbrella room shape is spent more, long 2cm, and wide 2-3cm has bract; The long stalk of Hua Dayou, dioecism; Male flower sepal 5, narrow triangle are to lanceolar, and long 2-2.5mm point is blunt, sepal base portion symphysis funnel; Petal 5, redness, the length of falling lanceolar 6-7.5mm, wide 1-1.5mm has long pawl, and tip is blunt; Stamen 10, long together with petal; Scale 5, subquadrate be to rectangle, long 1-1.2mm, and wide 0.5-0.8mm, tip is little to be lacked, and does not have a spot; Carpel 5, lanceolar, long 3-3.5mm is sterile; Female flower 5, upright, long 8-10mm, spray is short, does the back redness; The seed obovate, long 1.5-2mm, there is wing at two ends.The florescence 6-7 month, the fruit phase 7-8 month.Its medicinal material is its dry root and rhizome.Be distributed among the high mountain ruckle and crack of stone of Qinghai-Tibet height above sea level 2800-5600m.Be the superfine product in the rhodiola root, compositions such as rhodioloside, tyrosol, flavones are the about more than 5 times of other kind rhodiola roots in the big safflower red-spotted stonecrop.Be described as " snowy region genseng ", " the refreshing grass in east ", " the celestial grass of graning ", " plant gold ".Cool in nature, bitter, puckery.
State Intellectual Property Office discloses " cultivate and processing method in a kind of land for growing field crops of sachalin rhodiola rhizome " and " cultivation and collection method of rhodiola root " two patents of invention successively December 20 nineteen ninety-five, on February 16th, 2005.Cultivate in the former land for growing field crops can adopt the mode of growing seedlings earlier and afterwards transplanting, and also can adopt live mode, and method is comparatively coarse, does not provide rhodiola root tame key technique.The latter then lays particular emphasis on field management, improve active constituent content in the medicinal material, and these two inventions are all only at the sachalin rhodiola rhizome that is suitable for growing northeastward, experimental field height above sea level is all about 500-1200m, the method that the inventor provides also is not suitable for carrying out in the high altitude localities, Tibet the artificial cultivation of rhodiola, at above-mentioned situation, the invention provides rhodiola at the artificial cultivation technique of high altitude localities, and propose claim from corresponding key technique.
Show according to existing data, artificial cultivation technique for rhodiola root mainly concentrates on the sachalin rhodiola rhizome that produce in northeast, growth height above sea level is lower, about 500-1500m, type of seeding is science not, and the unit are seeding quantity is excessive, the seedling quality is lower, because the difference of geographical position and weather conditions, the height beds that adopt are grown seedlings more, and these methods all are not suitable for implementing in high altitude localitiess such as Tibet, Qinghai-Tibet Plateans.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method at high altitude localities artificial cultivation rhodiola roots such as Tibet, Qinghai-Tibet Plateans, from key techniques such as seed seedling-raising, field-transplanting, field management, improve the medicinal material output of rhodiola root.
Method at high altitude localities artificial cultivation rhodiola root provided by the invention, this method comprises the steps:
The seedling of growing seedlings with fine sand seed dressing, sunken bed is seedling, and 10-12 month rhodiola root seedling of growth in the seedbed is transplanted into big Tanaka in the 3-5 month in next year, and spacing in the rows and the line-spacing of cultivating big Tanaka are 20-30cm, treat to spread fertilizer over the fields humus soil behind the slow seedling; Afterwards the Mei Nian 4-6 month, mu is executed humus soil 1000-1500kg, and water treatment is controlled in annual implementing the 8-9 month, and processing time 10-30d continues cycle 3-5, and the rhodiola root medicinal material of gathering after processing finishes.
Can be according to quality than fine sand: the ratio seed dressing of seed=1000: 1, evenly sowing.
Spread fertilizer over the fields humus soil according to the standard of 1000-1500kg/ mu behind the slow seedling.
During the control water treatment, make soil moisture content remain on 40%-60%.
The present invention is applicable to the artificial cultivation of Qinghai-Tibet regional rhodiola, is applicable to that too narrow leaf rhodiola root, Radix Rhodiolae, long whip rhodiola root etc. are suitable for the artificial cultivation of the multiple rhodiola root of Tibet cultivation.
Terminological interpretation: kg: kilogram; Cm: centimetre; Mm: millimeter; M: rice d: day; Seed dressing: at the rhodiola root seed tiny and take handle a kind of method that is conducive to sow with the fine sand mixing.Sunken bed: high around referring to take in the seedling raising process, middle low, be conducive to the seedbed of water conservation.Control water: in the rhodiola root process of growth, by the human intervention mode, regulate soil moisture, thereby improve the method for medicinal material root/shoot ratio, described human intervention mode comprises modes such as extracing spray, reduction Soil Nitrogen constituent content.
Main feature of the present invention: (1) fine sand seed dressing guarantees that seed sows evenly raising seedling quality; (2) utilize humus soil to replace chemical fertilizer, guarantee quality of medicinal material; (3) later stage control water treatment increases medicinal material output.
Advantage of the present invention:
(1) seed dressing in the seedling growing process link provided by the invention has guaranteed that effectively small rhodiola root seed broadcasting is even, is conducive to cultivate the high-quality seedling, guarantees for field planting provides the high-quality seedling.
(2) omnidistance vegetative stage does not all use chemical fertilizer, utilizes humus soil to replace chemical fertilizer, in the open-air habitat of simulation, makes the medicinal material green non-pollution of production, has guaranteed quality of medicinal material, and high-quality pollution-free medicinal material is provided.
(3) the control water treatment of taking in the growth middle and later periods remains on about 40-60% soil moisture content, is conducive to increase the medicinal material root/shoot ratio, improves medicinal material yield per unit area, accomplishes that really high yield increases income.
To sum up, the present invention utilizes the seed dressing of fine sand and seed, and it is even to be conducive to seed broadcasting, cultivates the high-quality seedling, and the sunken bed that adopts of this method grows seedlings and taken into full account the characteristics of the arid short of rain in season of growing seedlings, and can fully guarantee growth of seedling.This invention also utilizes humus soil to replace chemical fertilizer in process of growth, guarantees quality of medicinal material, takes to control water treatment, guarantees quality of medicinal material.Cultivation method provided by the invention is simple, is convenient to operation.
Embodiment
The following examples can make those skilled in the art more fully understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any way.
Rhodiola root is at the cultivation method of high altitude localities.The seedling of growing seedlings with fine sand seed dressing, sunken bed is seedling, and 10-12 month rhodiola root seedling of growth in the seedbed is transplanted into big Tanaka in the 3-5 month in next year, and spacing in the rows and the line-spacing of cultivating big Tanaka are 20-30cm, treat to spread fertilizer over the fields humus soil behind the slow seedling; Afterwards the Mei Nian 4-6 month, mu is executed humus soil 1000-1500kg, and water treatment is controlled in annual implementing the 8-9 month, and processing time 10-30d continues cycle 3-5, and the rhodiola root medicinal material of gathering after processing finishes.
Described rhodiola root is at the artificial cultivation method of high altitude localities, can be according to quality than fine sand: the ratio seed dressing of seed=1000: 1, evenly sowing.
Described rhodiola root is at the artificial cultivation method of high altitude localities, and behind the slow seedling of field-transplanting, mu is executed the 1000-1500kg humus soil and supplied with as the medicinal material growth nutrient, guarantees green non-pollution.
Described rhodiola root is bloomed the middle and later periods in every year at the artificial cultivation method of high altitude localities, namely implements the control water treatment 8-9 month, and soil moisture content is remained on about 40-60%, improves the medicinal material root/shoot ratio, increases unit are medicinal material output.
Example 1
At Qinghai-Tibet artificial cultivation rhodiola, comprise the steps: according to quality than fine sand: the ratio of seed=1000: 1, with 1g/m
2Standard carry out the sunken bed seeding and seedling raising, 10 months seedling of growth in the seedbed is moved into the land for growing field crops the March in next year, spacing in the rows 20cm, line-spacing 20cm, mu is executed the 1000kg humus soil behind the slow seedling, spread fertilizer over the fields humus soil according to the standard of 1000kg/ mu annual later on April, and in annual enforcement control water treatment in August, soil moisture content being remained on about 40%, the processing cycle is 10d, repeat to gather in the crops per mu yield medicinal material dry weight 240kg in 5 years.
Example 2
At the narrow leaf rhodiola root of Tibet artificial cultivation, comprise the steps: according to quality than fine sand: the ratio of seed=1000: 1, with 1g/m
2Standard carry out the sunken bed seeding and seedling raising, 11 months seedling of growth in the seedbed is moved into the land for growing field crops the April in next year, spacing in the rows 25cm, line-spacing 25cm, mu is executed the 1200kg humus soil behind the slow seedling, spread fertilizer over the fields humus soil by the standard of 1200kg/ mu annual later on May, and in annual enforcement control water treatment in September, soil moisture content being remained on about 50%, the processing cycle is 20d, repeat to gather in the crops per mu yield medicinal material dry weight 260kg in 4 years.
Example 3
At Tibet artificial cultivation Radix Rhodiolae, comprise the steps: according to quality than fine sand: the ratio of seed=1000: 1, with 1g/m
2Standard carry out the sunken bed seeding and seedling raising, 12 months seedling of growth in the seedbed is moved into the land for growing field crops the May in next year, spacing in the rows 30cm, line-spacing 30cm, mu is executed the 1500kg humus soil behind the slow seedling, spread fertilizer over the fields humus soil by the standard of 1500kg/ mu annual later on June, and in annual enforcement control water treatment in September, soil moisture content being remained on about 60%, the processing cycle is 30d, repeat to gather in the crops per mu yield medicinal material dry weight 250kg in 3 years.
The above; only for the preferable embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and anyly is familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the variation that can expect easily or replacement all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claim.
Claims (5)
1. the method at high altitude localities artificial cultivation rhodiola root is characterized in that this method comprises the steps:
The seedling of growing seedlings with fine sand seed dressing, sunken bed is seedling, and 10-12 month rhodiola root seedling of growth in the seedbed is transplanted into big Tanaka in the 3-5 month in next year, and spacing in the rows and the line-spacing of cultivating big Tanaka are 20-30cm, treat to spread fertilizer over the fields humus soil behind the slow seedling; Afterwards the Mei Nian 4-6 month, mu is executed humus soil 1000-1500kg, and water treatment is controlled in annual implementing the 8-9 month, and processing time 10-30d continues cycle 3-5, and the rhodiola root medicinal material of gathering after processing finishes.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: with fine sand: the ratio seed dressing of seed=1000: 1, evenly sowing.
3. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: spread fertilizer over the fields humus soil according to the standard of 1000-1500kg/ mu behind the slow seedling.
4. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: during the control water treatment, make soil moisture content remain on 40%-60%.
5. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described method is applicable to the artificial cultivation of rhodiola, narrow leaf rhodiola root, Radix Rhodiolae and long whip rhodiola root.
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| CN2011104432922A CN103181270A (en) | 2011-12-27 | 2011-12-27 | Method for manually culturing rhodiola rosea in high-altitude area |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104145691A (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2014-11-19 | 四川省草原科学研究院 | Method for sustainable management of high and cold sand land in Northwestern Sichuan with rhodiola rosea |
| CN104604503A (en) * | 2015-02-04 | 2015-05-13 | 浙江大学 | Method for root rot resistance and growth promotion of rhodiola rosea through biological prevention and control |
| CN104620914A (en) * | 2015-02-04 | 2015-05-20 | 浙江大学 | Biological control method for achieving disease resistance and growth promotion for radix tetrastigme |
| CN104641862A (en) * | 2014-06-11 | 2015-05-27 | 韦治东 | Cultivation method of Rhodiola rosea |
| CN106416646A (en) * | 2016-02-05 | 2017-02-22 | 甘肃农业大学 | Cultivation method beneficial to high quality and high yield of Tibetan medicine Rhodiola gannanica |
| CN107455124A (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2017-12-12 | 西藏诺迪康药业股份有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of rhodiola |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104641862A (en) * | 2014-06-11 | 2015-05-27 | 韦治东 | Cultivation method of Rhodiola rosea |
| CN104145691A (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2014-11-19 | 四川省草原科学研究院 | Method for sustainable management of high and cold sand land in Northwestern Sichuan with rhodiola rosea |
| CN104604503A (en) * | 2015-02-04 | 2015-05-13 | 浙江大学 | Method for root rot resistance and growth promotion of rhodiola rosea through biological prevention and control |
| CN104620914A (en) * | 2015-02-04 | 2015-05-20 | 浙江大学 | Biological control method for achieving disease resistance and growth promotion for radix tetrastigme |
| CN104620914B (en) * | 2015-02-04 | 2016-09-14 | 浙江大学 | A kind of biological control method of the disease-resistant growth-promoting of Radix Apioris Fortunei (Radix Lespedezae Buergeri) |
| CN106416646A (en) * | 2016-02-05 | 2017-02-22 | 甘肃农业大学 | Cultivation method beneficial to high quality and high yield of Tibetan medicine Rhodiola gannanica |
| CN107455124A (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2017-12-12 | 西藏诺迪康药业股份有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of rhodiola |
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