CN104380994A - Bletilla striata large-scale high-yield cultivation method - Google Patents
Bletilla striata large-scale high-yield cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bletilla striata large-scale high-yield cultivation method. The method includes the steps of seed breeding, hardening, transplanting to a field, growth management, second year growth management and harvesting. The bletilla striata large-scale high-yield cultivation method has the advantages that the microbial technology and the ecological cultivation technology are combined, EM (Effective Microorganisms) is used for quickly accelerating the plant growth and decomposing residual farm chemical for further greatly shortening the planting period and improving the yield of bletilla striata. Compared with traditional cultivation methods, the planting period of bletilla striata is shortened for1 to 2 years and can be harvested in 3 years, the harvested bletilla striata is big in root and bright in color, and the yield per mu (one mu equals about 1.667square meters) of the bletilla striata is two to three times of that in traditional root cultivation, so that the risk of investment is greatly reduced, the early planting investment cost is low, the high economic benefit is achieved quickly, the non-polluting effect is obtained, and the conditions of industrialized and large-scale bletilla striata planting are met. The bletilla striata large-scale high-yield cultivation method is easy to popularize and apply.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Chinese herbal medicine planting technology field, be specifically related to the scale high-yield cultivating method of a kind of bletilla striata.
Background technology
The bletilla striata is that the orchid family bletilla striata belongs to herbaceos perennial, is mainly distributed in the ground such as the Henan of China, Shanxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan.The bletilla striata is used as medicine with stem tuber, just on the books in Shennong's Herbal, there is effect of tonifying lung, detumescence, myogenic, hemostasis, be used for the treatment of tuberculosis hemoptysis, the haematemesis of bronchiectasis hemoptysis, stomach ulcer, hematuria, the symptom such as to have blood in stool, in addition, the pattern of the bletilla striata is gorgeous, is also a kind of well landscape plant.So, very vigorous to the demand of the bletilla striata on market, in addition the wild bletilla striata of China's most area meets with excavating of crossing in recent years, its natural resources is caused sharply to reduce, endangered edge, by one of country wild plant being classified as focused protection, in order to protect wild bletilla striata resource, artificial breeding is imperative with the cultivation bletilla striata, but although bletilla striata product has a large amount of seed, but because seed does not have endosperm, the condition sprouted is harsh, seed is made to be difficult under field conditions (factors) sprout and growth, namely enablely seedling is grown, seedling is extremely responsive to environmental condition, grow also comparatively slow, make the Field test difficulty of bletilla striata seedling.Obviously; what the planting type that the bletilla striata is general mainly adopted is Propagation of Rhizomes and division propagation; above-mentioned two kinds of planting types all exist yield poorly, of poor quality, crop cycle is long, efficiency that is breeding is low, consumption kind of the feature that amount is large; and the cycle of growth is general all more than 5 years; make the planting cost in early stage large; economic benefit takes effect slowly; having a big risk of investment; seriously constrain the development bottleneck of bletilla striata large-scale planting; in addition;, easily there is the degeneration of seedling in the vegetative propagation in long-term many generations, the medical value of the bletilla striata also weakens thereupon.Therefore, develop that a kind of crop cycle is short, cost is low, risk is little, reproduction rate is high, effectively can ensure that the large-scale planting method of the bletilla striata high yield of bletilla striata quality is objective need.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve Problems existing in background technology, object of the present invention provides that a kind of crop cycle is short, cost is low, risk is little, reproduction rate is high, effectively can ensure the bletilla striata scale high-yield cultivating method of bletilla striata quality.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, and the scale high-yield cultivating method of a kind of bletilla striata, comprises the following steps:
1. the breeding of seedling: sapling multiplication adopts the type of rearing of tissue culture propagation,
A, seed selection: select the wild bletilla striata plant that growing way is vigorous, adopt the mode of human assistance to carry out pollinating between cross pollination or different strain flower at the florescence, gathers the explant of ripe, full capsule as group training after 4 ~ 6 months;
B, nursery: in previously prepared good group training liquid, add the former dew of EM that volume ratio is 0.5-2%, then the seed inside capsule is soaked 3 ~ 4 minutes in Iodophor, with the moisture blotting surface after aseptic water washing 2 ~ 4 times with aseptic paper, finally the seed after sterilization is inoculated in group training liquid, rational adjustment temperature, humidity and illumination, sprout sprouting in 10 ~ 15 days;
2. hardening: the seedling after cultivating 30 ~ 50 days is in the medium shifted out to implant to fill in the vessel of matrix and carries out hardening, hardening temperature controls at 18 ~ 25 DEG C, the matrix of hardening chooses the mixture of carbon slag, coconut husk chaff, perlite, loess, and seedling hardening can carry out field-transplanting in 1 ~ 2 month;
3. field-transplanting: selection quality is loose, micro-acid extremely neutral sandy soil, North and South direction opens Car ridging, by line-spacing 25 ~ 30mm, spacing in the rows 20 ~ 25cm digs Miao Keng, then in each seedling hole, preset 0.2-0.5kg feces of livestock and poultry content is the farmyard manure of 10-30%, then be implanted into 1 seedling in each seedling hole, water permeable after earthing;
4. growing season management:
A, intertill and clean tillage: after annual bletilla striata lifting, growth animated period and results intercropping crop after carry out intertill and clean tillage;
B, rich water quality management: after each intertill and clean tillage, all should topdress once, in addition when bletilla striata height of seedling grows to 10 ~ 15cm, need to spray to branches and leaves the EM former dew insect protected liquid once diluting 800 ~ 1000 times, in the blossom fall latter stage of the bletilla striata, also need to spray from the root of the bletilla striata growth that a time the former dew dilution of EM of 500 ~ 1000 times is beneficial to rhizome;
5. the management in bletilla striata vegetative period next year: before annual spring, bud film was sprouted, every mu of former dew of EM spraying 40 ~ 60kg is as base manure;
6. gather: after bletilla striata cultivation full year 3, after late October, cane was naturally withered, takes root, after removing coring and earth, can the bletilla striata be gathered in the crops.
The invention has the advantages that and microbial technique is combined with ecologic planting technology, the former dew of the EM used can secrete the organic acid a large amount of with synthesis, amino acid, enzyme, active hormones, antioxidative enzyme etc., promote the growth of plant fast, decompose the residual of medicine, accelerate photosynthesis and the metabolism of plant, shorten the cycle of plantation greatly and improve the output of the bletilla striata, compared with traditional implantation methods, the bletilla striata shorten 1 ~ 2 year crop cycle, within 3 years, can gather, bletilla striata rhizome after gathering is individual large, look just, its per mu yield is 2 ~ 3 times of the cultivation of traditional rhizome, so just greatly reduce the risk of investment, early stage, the cost of investment of plantation was low, economic benefit instant effect, and high efficiency, pollution-free, can meet bletilla striata industrialization completely, the planting conditions of scale, be easy to apply.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated, but limited the present invention never in any form, and any conversion done based on training centre of the present invention or replacement, equal embodiment belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
embodiment 1:
The concrete steps of the present embodiment are as follows:
1. the breeding of seedling: sapling multiplication adopts the type of rearing of tissue culture propagation,
A, seed selection: select the wild bletilla striata plant that growing way is vigorous, adopt the mode of human assistance to carry out pollinating between cross pollination or different strain flower at the florescence, gathers the explant of ripe, full capsule as group training after 4 ~ 6 months;
B, nursery: in previously prepared good group training liquid, add the former dew of EM that volume ratio is 0.5%, then the seed inside capsule is soaked 3 ~ 4 minutes in Iodophor, with the moisture blotting surface after aseptic water washing 2 ~ 4 times with aseptic paper, finally the seed after sterilization is inoculated in group training liquid, rational adjustment temperature, humidity and illumination, sprout sprouting in 15 days;
2. hardening: the seedling after cultivating 30 ~ 50 days is in the medium shifted out to implant to fill in the vessel of matrix and carries out hardening, hardening temperature controls at 18 ~ 25 DEG C, the matrix of hardening chooses the mixture of carbon slag, coconut husk chaff, perlite, loess, and seedling hardening can carry out field-transplanting in 1 month;
3. field-transplanting: selection quality is loose, micro-acid extremely neutral sandy soil, North and South direction opens Car ridging, by line-spacing 25 ~ 30mm, spacing in the rows 20 ~ 25cm digs Miao Keng, then in each seedling hole, preset 0.2 ~ 0.5kg feces of livestock and poultry content is the farmyard manure of 10%, be also added with the rare earth of 1%, and farmyard manure is with the farmyard manure that the ight soil of sheep becomes thoroughly decomposed naturally in sheepfold in farmyard manure, finally be implanted into 1 seedling in each seedling hole, water permeable after earthing;
4. growing season management:
A, intertill and clean tillage: after annual bletilla striata lifting, growth animated period and results intercropping crop after carry out intertill and clean tillage;
B, rich water quality management: after each intertill and clean tillage, all should topdress once, in addition when bletilla striata height of seedling grows to 10 ~ 15cm, need to spray to branches and leaves the EM former dew insect protected liquid once diluting 800 times, in the blossom fall latter stage of the bletilla striata, also need to spray from the root of the bletilla striata growth that a time the former dew dilution of EM of 500 times is beneficial to rhizome;
5. the management in bletilla striata vegetative period next year: before annual spring, bud film was sprouted, every mu of former dew of EM spraying 40kg is as base manure;
6. gather: bletilla striata cultivation is full after 3 years, after late October, cane was naturally withered, takes root, after removing coring and earth, can the bletilla striata be gathered in the crops.
embodiment 2:
The concrete steps of the present embodiment are as follows:
1. the breeding of seedling: sapling multiplication adopts the type of rearing of tissue culture propagation,
A, seed selection: select the wild bletilla striata plant that growing way is vigorous, adopt the mode of human assistance to carry out pollinating between cross pollination or different strain flower at the florescence, gathers the explant of ripe, full capsule as group training after 4 ~ 6 months;
B, nursery: in previously prepared good group training liquid, add the former dew of EM that volume ratio is 1.3%, then the seed inside capsule is soaked 3 ~ 4 minutes in Iodophor, with the moisture blotting surface after aseptic water washing 2 ~ 4 times with aseptic paper, finally the seed after sterilization is inoculated in group training liquid, rational adjustment temperature, humidity and illumination, sprout sprouting in 12 days;
2. hardening: the seedling after cultivating 30 ~ 50 days is in the medium shifted out to implant to fill in the vessel of matrix and carries out hardening, hardening temperature controls at 18 ~ 25 DEG C, the matrix of hardening chooses the mixture of carbon slag, coconut husk chaff, perlite, loess, and seedling hardening can carry out field-transplanting in 1 ~ 2 month;
3. field-transplanting: selection quality is loose, micro-acid extremely neutral sandy soil, North and South direction opens Car ridging, by line-spacing 25 ~ 30mm, spacing in the rows 20 ~ 25cm digs Miao Keng, then in each seedling hole, preset 0.2 ~ 0.5kg feces of livestock and poultry content is the farmyard manure of 20%, be also added with the rare earth of 0.8%, and farmyard manure is with the farmyard manure that the ight soil of sheep becomes thoroughly decomposed naturally in sheepfold in farmyard manure, finally be implanted into 1 seedling in each seedling hole, water permeable after earthing;
4. growing season management:
A, intertill and clean tillage: after its seedling of the annual bletilla striata, growth animated period and results intercropping crop after need intertill and clean tillage 1
B, rich water quality management: after each intertill and clean tillage, all should topdress once, in addition when bletilla striata height of seedling grows to 10 ~ 15cm, need to spray to branches and leaves the EM former dew insect protected liquid once diluting 900 times, in the blossom fall latter stage of the bletilla striata, also need to spray from the root of the bletilla striata growth that a time the former dew dilution of EM of 750 times is beneficial to rhizome;
5. the management in bletilla striata vegetative period next year: before annual spring, bud film was sprouted, every mu of former dew of EM spraying 50kg is as base manure;
6. gather: bletilla striata cultivation is full after 3 years, after late October, cane was naturally withered, takes root, after removing coring and earth, can the bletilla striata be gathered in the crops.
embodiment 3:
The concrete steps of the present embodiment are as follows:
1. the breeding of seedling: sapling multiplication adopts the type of rearing of tissue culture propagation,
A, seed selection: select the wild bletilla striata plant that growing way is vigorous, adopt the mode of human assistance to carry out pollinating between cross pollination or different strain flower at the florescence, gathers the explant of ripe, full capsule as group training after 4 ~ 6 months;
B, nursery: in previously prepared good group training liquid, add the former dew of EM that volume ratio is 2%, then the seed inside capsule is soaked 3 ~ 4 minutes in Iodophor, with the moisture blotting surface after aseptic water washing 2 ~ 4 times with aseptic paper, finally the seed after sterilization is inoculated in group training liquid, rational adjustment temperature, humidity and illumination, sprout sprouting in 10 ~ 15 days;
2. hardening: the seedling after cultivating 30 ~ 50 days is in the medium shifted out to implant to fill in the vessel of matrix and carries out hardening, hardening temperature controls at 18 ~ 25 DEG C, the matrix of hardening chooses the mixture of carbon slag, coconut husk chaff, perlite, loess, and seedling hardening can carry out field-transplanting in 1 ~ 2 month;
3. field-transplanting: selection quality is loose, micro-acid extremely neutral sandy soil, North and South direction opens Car ridging, by line-spacing 25 ~ 30mm, spacing in the rows 20 ~ 25cm digs Miao Keng, then in each seedling hole, preset 0.2 ~ 0.5kg feces of livestock and poultry content is the farmyard manure of 30%, be also added with the rare earth of 0.5%, and farmyard manure is with the farmyard manure that the ight soil of sheep becomes thoroughly decomposed naturally in sheepfold in farmyard manure, finally be implanted into 1 seedling in each seedling hole, water permeable after earthing;
4. growing season management:
A, intertill and clean tillage: after its seedling of the annual bletilla striata, growth animated period and results intercropping crop after need intertill and clean tillage 1
B, rich water quality management: after each intertill and clean tillage, all should topdress once, in addition when bletilla striata height of seedling grows to 10 ~ 15cm, need to spray to branches and leaves the EM former dew insect protected liquid once diluting 1000 times, in the blossom fall latter stage of the bletilla striata, also need to spray from the root of the bletilla striata growth that a time the former dew dilution of EM of 1000 times is beneficial to rhizome;
5. the management in bletilla striata vegetative period next year: before annual spring, bud film was sprouted, every mu of former dew of EM spraying 40 ~ 60kg is as base manure;
6. gather: bletilla striata cultivation is full after 3 years, after late October, cane was naturally withered, takes root, after removing coring and earth, can the bletilla striata be gathered in the crops.
Adopt the bletilla striata of the cultivation method plantation of above-described embodiment 1 ~ 3, quality better, rhizome are plump, color just, compared with the bletilla striata to plant with traditional 5 terms, contract in crop cycle 2 years, every per mu yield improves 2 ~ 3 times, and through test determination, use its nutrition of the bletilla striata of the former dew cultivation of EM to improve 10 ~ 15%, edible rear delicious flavour, mouthfeel are all good, there is higher nutritive value and health-care efficacy, reach nuisanceless completely, natural green food outlet standard.
Claims (3)
1. a scale high-yield cultivating method for the bletilla striata, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
1. the breeding of seedling: sapling multiplication adopts the type of rearing of tissue culture propagation,
A, seed selection: select the wild bletilla striata plant that growing way is vigorous, adopt the mode of human assistance to carry out pollinating between cross pollination or different strain flower at the florescence, gathers the explant of ripe, full capsule as group training after 4 ~ 6 months;
B, nursery: in previously prepared good group training liquid, add the former dew of EM that volume ratio is 0.5-2%, then the seed inside capsule is soaked 3 ~ 4 minutes in Iodophor, with the moisture blotting surface after aseptic water washing 2 ~ 4 times with aseptic paper, finally the seed after sterilization is inoculated in group training liquid, rational adjustment temperature, humidity and illumination, sprout sprouting in 10 ~ 15 days;
2. hardening: the seedling after cultivating 30 ~ 50 days is in the medium shifted out to implant to fill in the vessel of matrix and carries out hardening, hardening temperature controls at 18 ~ 25 DEG C, the matrix of hardening chooses the mixture of carbon slag, coconut husk chaff, perlite, loess, and seedling hardening can carry out field-transplanting in 1 ~ 2 month;
3. field-transplanting: selection quality is loose, micro-acid extremely neutral sandy soil, North and South direction opens Car ridging, by line-spacing 25 ~ 30mm, spacing in the rows 20 ~ 25cm digs Miao Keng, then in each seedling hole, preset 0.2-0.5kg feces of livestock and poultry content is the farmyard manure of 10-30%, then be implanted into 1 seedling in each seedling hole, water permeable after earthing;
4. growing season management:
A, intertill and clean tillage: after annual bletilla striata lifting, growth animated period and results intercropping crop after carry out intertill and clean tillage;
B, rich water quality management: after each intertill and clean tillage, all should topdress once, in addition when bletilla striata height of seedling grows to 10 ~ 15cm, need to spray to branches and leaves the EM former dew insect protected liquid once diluting 800 ~ 1000 times, in the blossom fall latter stage of the bletilla striata, also need to spray from the root of the bletilla striata growth that a time the former dew dilution of EM of 500 ~ 1000 times is beneficial to rhizome;
5. the management in bletilla striata vegetative period next year: before annual spring, bud film was sprouted, every mu of former dew of EM spraying 40 ~ 60kg is as base manure;
6. gather: after bletilla striata cultivation full year 3, after late October, cane was naturally withered, takes root, after removing coring and earth, can the bletilla striata be gathered in the crops.
2. the scale high-yield cultivating method of a kind of bletilla striata according to claim 1: it is characterized in that: the rare earth being also added with 0.5-1% in the farmyard manure that 3. above-mentioned steps is used.
3. the scale high-yield cultivating method of a kind of bletilla striata according to claim 1, is characterized in that: above-mentioned steps 3. in the farmyard manure used be with the farmyard manure that the ight soil of sheep becomes thoroughly decomposed naturally in sheepfold.
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| CN105519350A (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2016-04-27 | 广西壮族自治区药用植物园 | Method for rapidly producing Bletilla striata germchit |
| CN105766322A (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2016-07-20 | 镇远县道益堂生物科技有限公司 | Bletilla striata planting method |
| CN105815068A (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2016-08-03 | 镇远县道益堂生物科技有限公司 | Method for producing bletilla striata seed stems |
| CN106105666A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-11-16 | 贵州省蕙安农业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) and Ramulus Uncariae Cum Uncis interplanting method |
| CN106358932A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-01 | 金寨县东盛家庭农场 | Bletilla striata planting method |
| CN106478253A (en) * | 2016-10-14 | 2017-03-08 | 贵州万重山生态农业开发有限公司 | A kind of two-part Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) direct sowing and seedling method |
| CN107182788A (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2017-09-22 | 中国科学院武汉植物园 | The propagation method of bletilla seedling |
| CN107278595A (en) * | 2017-08-01 | 2017-10-24 | 广西桂平市石龙镇江夏种养专业合作社 | A kind of standardized cultivation method of bletilla striata high yield |
| CN107318437A (en) * | 2017-08-01 | 2017-11-07 | 桂平市金田镇旷福淮山种植专业合作社 | The bletilla striata and the interplanting method of Qarnet Chinese yam |
| CN107371626A (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2017-11-24 | 湖北京丰农业有限公司 | Bletilla pick and process is packed and conveying method |
| CN108522163A (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2018-09-14 | 皖西学院 | A kind of bletilla striata and Snakegourd Fruit intercropping cultural method |
| CN108575622A (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2018-09-28 | 刘雅文 | A kind of interplanting method of bletilla striata and chaenomeles speciosa nakai |
| CN109006331A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-12-18 | 广西陆川县兰辉农业科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of the bletilla striata |
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| CN105519350B (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2018-07-03 | 广西壮族自治区药用植物园 | The method of quick production bletilla seedling |
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| CN105766322A (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2016-07-20 | 镇远县道益堂生物科技有限公司 | Bletilla striata planting method |
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| CN106105666A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-11-16 | 贵州省蕙安农业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) and Ramulus Uncariae Cum Uncis interplanting method |
| CN106358932A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-01 | 金寨县东盛家庭农场 | Bletilla striata planting method |
| CN106478253A (en) * | 2016-10-14 | 2017-03-08 | 贵州万重山生态农业开发有限公司 | A kind of two-part Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) direct sowing and seedling method |
| CN107182788A (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2017-09-22 | 中国科学院武汉植物园 | The propagation method of bletilla seedling |
| CN107371626A (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2017-11-24 | 湖北京丰农业有限公司 | Bletilla pick and process is packed and conveying method |
| CN107318437A (en) * | 2017-08-01 | 2017-11-07 | 桂平市金田镇旷福淮山种植专业合作社 | The bletilla striata and the interplanting method of Qarnet Chinese yam |
| CN107278595A (en) * | 2017-08-01 | 2017-10-24 | 广西桂平市石龙镇江夏种养专业合作社 | A kind of standardized cultivation method of bletilla striata high yield |
| CN108575622A (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2018-09-28 | 刘雅文 | A kind of interplanting method of bletilla striata and chaenomeles speciosa nakai |
| CN108522163A (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2018-09-14 | 皖西学院 | A kind of bletilla striata and Snakegourd Fruit intercropping cultural method |
| CN109006331A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-12-18 | 广西陆川县兰辉农业科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of the bletilla striata |
| CN110896818A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-03-24 | 岳阳蓝田农业科技有限公司 | Bletilla seedling and standardized cultivation method |
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