CN108522163A - A kind of bletilla striata and Snakegourd Fruit intercropping cultural method - Google Patents
A kind of bletilla striata and Snakegourd Fruit intercropping cultural method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108522163A CN108522163A CN201810459765.XA CN201810459765A CN108522163A CN 108522163 A CN108522163 A CN 108522163A CN 201810459765 A CN201810459765 A CN 201810459765A CN 108522163 A CN108522163 A CN 108522163A
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- snakegourd fruit
- bletilla striata
- bletilla
- cultural method
- intercropping
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The present invention relates to agricultural plantation technology field, a kind of bletilla striata and Snakegourd Fruit intercropping cultural method are provided, is included the following steps：(1) select quality is loose, pH for 6.5 7.5 sand soil territory；(2) site preparation；(3) application cultivation base fertilizer；(4) growth selection phase and the bletilla striata basic same period or it is longer than the Snakegourd Fruit kind in bletilla striata growth period；(5) biennial Snakegourd Fruit seedling is selected, using succeeding planting；(6) selection is containing more than 3 leaves, and leaf is grown the healthy and strong bletilla tissue culture seedlings in 1.5 3.0cm and cleaned, and is air-dried in shelter from the sun after cleaning, then transplanted；(7) weeding and fertilising；(8) corresponding biological pesticide is selected according to the pest and disease damage type of the bletilla striata or Snakegourd Fruit；(9) bletilla striata harvests；(10) Snakegourd Fruit harvests.The invention has the advantages that：Land utilization ratio of the present invention is high, good in economic efficiency, can take into account shot and long term income, meet ecologic planting requirement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural plantation technology field more particularly to a kind of bletilla striata and Snakegourd Fruit intercropping cultural methods.
Background technology
The bletilla striata (scientific name：Bletilla striata) also known as Lian Jicao, Gan Gen, give free of charge, indocalamus is blue, Zhu Lan (《Presbyopic glasses》), it is purple
Blue, purple a species of orchid, hundred large bamboo hats with a conical crown and broad brim, belong to perennial herb bulbous plant (root tuber), are distributed mainly on China, Japan and Upper Myanmar；The bletilla striata
Have effects that preferable astringing to arrest bleeding, detumescence and promoting granulation.With deepening continuously for modern pharmacology research, it was found that the bletilla striata is to tuberculosis
Bacillus, tumour cell etc. have obvious inhibiting effect.
Snakegourd Fruit, perennial to climb type herbaceous plant, happiness is born among remote mountains high mountain, cliff crack of stone beset with brambles, fruit
Reality, pericarp, kernel (seed), rhizome are first-class Chinese medicine.Snakegourd Fruit cures mainly clearing away heat and eliminating phlegm, relieving stuffiness of the chest by dispersing aggregation of pathogens, moisturize laxation, is used for
Cough with lung heat, the turbid Huang of phlegm be thick, chest impediment and cardialgia, accumulation of pathogens in chest feeling of fullness, acute mastitis, lung carbuncle, acute appendicitis swelling and pain, constipation.
So far, the plantation implantation methods of the bletilla striata and Snakegourd Fruit are mainly using large area, monoculture.This method it is excellent
Point is：Single varieties, convenient for management and harvesting；Disadvantage is：Land utilization ratio is low, and economic benefit is low, can not take into account length
Phase income does not meet ecologic planting requirement；For example, the bletilla striata needs could harvest for 4 years, and white plant itself does not like strong illumination,
Root system is shallow, retain water and nutrients energy force difference；According to large area, monoculture, then land utilization ratio and economic benefit will be extremely low.
Intercropping is the marrow of Chinese traditional agriculture, and rational intercropping pattern can not only intensive utilization agricultural money
Source improves unit area laminating production power, and increases one of the effective measures of Agricultural biodiversity, is the sustainable agriculture of development
The effective way of industry.
Accordingly, be badly in need of a kind of bletilla striata and Snakegourd Fruit intercropping cultural method at present, with improve land utilization ratio, increase it is economical
Benefit, and then meet ecologic planting requirement.
Invention content
Technical problem to be solved by the present invention lies in a kind of bletilla striatas of offer and Snakegourd Fruit intercropping cultural method, to overcome
The land utilization ratio of traditional cultivation method is low, economic benefit is low, can not take into account shot and long term income, not meet ecologic planting requirement
Problem.
The present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem using following technical scheme：
A kind of bletilla striata and Snakegourd Fruit intercropping cultural method, include the following steps：
(1) selection of soil：
Select quality is loose, pH for 6.5-7.5 sand soil territory；
(2) site preparation：
Winter ploughs deeply 30-40cm, and surface is whole carefully to rake as furrow, spacing 0.5-0.7m trench diggings；
(3) application cultivation base fertilizer：
By herbivore excrement and cake fertilizer according to volume ratio (3-3.5)：1 mixing constitutes stacked organic after During High-Temperature Composting
Fertilizer；Then by organic compost and the soil containing microbial manure according to volume ratio (0.5-1)：10 mixing are configured to cultivation base fertilizer；
Finally, it in applying 950-1050kg cultivation base fertilizer per acre, slowly sprinkles profoundly water；
(4) selection of Snakegourd Fruit kind：
Growth selection phase and the bletilla striata basic same period or the Snakegourd Fruit kind for being longer than bletilla striata growth period；
(5) plantation of Snakegourd Fruit：
Biennial Snakegourd Fruit seedling is selected, using succeeding planting；Wherein, entire planting process uses 1.5-1.7m melons frame to limit
Determine Snakegourd Fruit growing height；The whole plantation amount of Snakegourd Fruit is using the 50-60% of traditional field production plantation amount as standard；The plantation of Snakegourd Fruit
Spacing in the rows, line-spacing then keep this standard wider 55-60% than traditional field production spacing in the rows, line-spacing respectively, to ensure that the bletilla striata grows pair
The requirement of sunlight；
In addition, when being planted in the north, also need to carry out following processing to Snakegourd Fruit before freezing：The long vines in top are cut off,
Only retain the vines coiling away from ground 0.8-1.2m long on the ground, every plant covers a mound, mound high 28-32cm, cold-proof overwintering；
When next early April in spring, mound is pushed aside, grown with profit emergence；
(6) plantation of the bletilla striata：
Selection is containing more than 3 leaves, and leaf is grown the healthy and strong bletilla tissue culture seedlings in 1.5-3.0cm and cleaned, in screening after cleaning
3-5h is air-dried at shade, then is transplanted；
It is transplanted in furrow face, the Planting Row Distance 20-23cm of bletilla tissue culture seedlings, the nest spacing 14-17cm on row, every nest kind 1
Seedling；
(7) weeding and fertilising：
Weeding：4-5 months, that 9-10 months distinguish weeding is primary；
Fertilising：After each weeding, 100-200kg EM kind plant Biofertilizer for mycorrhizae is applied；In addition, between 1 year, keep every
Interval 30-60 days, applies 1 per acre:(5-7) people and animals' liquid dung 950-1050kg；
(8) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：
Corresponding biological pesticide is selected according to the pest and disease damage type of the bletilla striata or Snakegourd Fruit；
(9) bletilla striata harvests：
The bletilla striata of excavation 4 years；After October sprout tumble, to be excavated when stem is withered on the ground, the root tuber for cutting luxuriant is used as to plant,
The clean soil of remaining part point, removes fibrous root, harvests the bletilla striata；
(10) Snakegourd Fruit harvests：
The fruiting period of Snakegourd Fruit is in the 8-10 months；When snakegourd fruit fruit surface has white powder, and becomes light yellow, you can picking.
One of preferred embodiment as the present invention, the middle trench digging of the step (2) is specially to open bar ditch, Yao Gou, enclose ditch；It is described
Bar ditch, waist ditch and enclosing is connected between ditch, and ditch depth is shown as：With bar ditch, Yao Gou, ditch is enclosed for sequence, is deepened successively.
As one of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step (3) cake fertilizer be specially rape cake after pressure oil, soya-bean cake,
At least one of peanut cake, sesame-send cake, tea seed cake.
One of preferred embodiment as the present invention, the soil containing microbial manure is specially to mix EM in the step (3)
The soil of plantation Biofertilizer for mycorrhizae, wherein the content of EM kinds plant Biofertilizer for mycorrhizae is 0.1-1%.
One of preferred embodiment as the present invention, the EM kinds plant use EM bacterium solution ferment makings with Biofertilizer for mycorrhizae.
One of preferred embodiment as the present invention, the EM bacterium solutions are directly commercially available.
One of preferred embodiment as the present invention, the plantation amount of traditional field production Snakegourd Fruit is one mu in the step (5)
95-105.
One of preferred embodiment as the present invention, the spacing in the rows of traditional field production is 1.8-2.2m, row in the step (5)
Away from for 2.2-2.7m.
One of preferred embodiment as the present invention, the implantation time of bletilla tissue culture seedlings and the kind of Snakegourd Fruit in the step (6)
The plant time is identical, or is spaced 1 year and plants after Snakegourd Fruit plantation.
One of preferred embodiment as the present invention, the plantation completion standard of bletilla tissue culture seedlings is in the step (6)：The bletilla striata
For the root of tissue-cultured seedling in soil, soil not cover blade, you can.
One of preferred embodiment as the present invention, corresponding biological pesticide is specially farm antibiotics in the step (8)
Or do not have influential extract to medical material quanlity after natural botanical source and application.
One of preferred embodiment as the present invention, the farm antibiotics is specially streptomysin.
Do not have on medical material quanlity after one of preferred embodiment as the present invention, the natural botanical source and application influential
Extract is specially Tea Saponin.
The present invention compared with prior art the advantages of be：The present invention provides a kind of bletilla striata and Snakegourd Fruit interplanting cultural method,
The land utilization ratio that overcomes traditional cultivation method is low, economic benefit is low, can not take into account shot and long term income, not meet ecologic planting
It is required that the problem of, specific advantage is as follows：
(1) soil and earning of management of unit area are improved：Two kinds of medicinal materials are complete in same soil, the same management
At, while two kinds of economic medicinal materials have been harvested, reduce soil and management cost；
(2) rich water resource makes full use of：It has saved fertilizer and has used water；
(3) ecological niche makes full use of：The bletilla striata is shallow root system, draft, half heliophyte, Snakegourd Fruit it is opposite for deep root system, for many years
Raw liana, sun plant；When the bletilla striata seeding stage, Snakegourd Fruit growth does not influence bletilla striata daylighting completely；When bletilla striata later stage expanding stage, Snakegourd Fruit
Can preferably be that the bletilla striata is shaded again, retain water and nutrients；
(4) harvesting position spatial disparity is big：Stem tuber (root) under one harvesting upper soll layer, a fruit harvested on branch
It is real, it is conducive to implement, does not interfere with each other；
(5) short-term benefit and long-term benefit are taken into account：Bletilla striata seedling harvests after 4 years, and the period is longer, and the biennial Snakegourd Fruit transplanted
Seedling second year can result harvesting, can continuously harvest the more than ten years；
(6) high yield environmental protection：Using bio-feritlizer and biological pesticide, not only high yield, also green, environmentally friendly；In addition, Snakegourd Fruit is anti-
The strong crop of disease, volatile ingredient can provide pest and disease damage protection for the growth of the bletilla striata.
Specific implementation mode
It elaborates below to the embodiment of the present invention, the present embodiment is carried out lower based on the technical solution of the present invention
Implement, gives detailed embodiment and specific operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following implementation
Example.
Embodiment 1
A kind of bletilla striata of the present embodiment and Snakegourd Fruit intercropping cultural method, include the following steps：
(1) selection of soil：
Select quality is loose, pH for 6.5 sand soil territory；
(2) site preparation：
Winter ploughs deeply 30cm, surface it is whole it is thin rake as furrow, spacing 0.5m trench diggings (bar ditch, Yao Gou, enclose ditch, ditch ditch communicates, one
Ditch is more than a ditch depth)；
(3) application cultivation base fertilizer：
By herbivore excrement and cake fertilizer (rape cake after pressure oil) according to volume ratio 3：1 mixing, after During High-Temperature Composting, structure
At organic compost；Then by organic compost and incorporation EM kinds plant Biofertilizer for mycorrhizae (content 0.1%, using what is directly bought
EM bacterium solutions ferment making) soil, according to volume ratio 0.5：10 mixing are configured to cultivation base fertilizer；Finally, in applying per acre
950kg cultivates base fertilizer, slowly sprinkles profoundly water；
(4) selection of Snakegourd Fruit kind：
Growth selection phase and the bletilla striata basic same period or the Snakegourd Fruit kind for being longer than bletilla striata growth period；
(5) plantation of Snakegourd Fruit：
Biennial Snakegourd Fruit seedling is selected, using succeeding planting；Wherein, entire planting process uses 1.5m melons frame to limit melon
Beach wormwood growing height；The whole plantation amount of Snakegourd Fruit is with the 50% of traditional field production plantation amount (one mu 95) for standard；Snakegourd Fruit
Plant then keeps this mark wider by 55% than traditional field production spacing in the rows, line-spacing (spacing in the rows 1.8m, line-spacing 2.2m) away from, line-spacing respectively
Standard, to ensure that the bletilla striata grows the requirement to sunlight；
In addition, when being planted in the north, also need to carry out following processing to Snakegourd Fruit before freezing：The long vines in top are cut off,
Only retain the vines coiling away from ground 0.8m long on the ground, every plant covers a mound, mound high 28cm, cold-proof overwintering；When the next spring 4
It in the first tenday period of a month moon, pushs mound aside, is grown with profit emergence；
(6) plantation of the bletilla striata：
Selection contains 3 leaves, and leaf is grown the healthy and strong bletilla tissue culture seedlings in 1.5cm and cleaned, and is air-dried in shelter from the sun after cleaning
3h, then transplanted；
It transplants in furrow face, the Planting Row Distance 20cm of bletilla tissue culture seedlings, the nest spacing 14cm on row, per nest 1 seedling of kind, ensures
For the root of bletilla tissue culture seedlings in soil, soil not cover blade, you can；Wherein, the kind of the implantation time and Snakegourd Fruit of bletilla tissue culture seedlings
The plant time is identical, or is spaced 1 year and plants after Snakegourd Fruit plantation.
(7) weeding and fertilising：
Weeding：4-5 months, that 9-10 months distinguish weeding is primary；
Fertilising：After each weeding, 100kg EM kind plant Biofertilizer for mycorrhizae is applied；In addition, between 1 year, keep at interval of
30 days, 1 was applied per acre:5) people and animals' liquid dung 950kg；
(8) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：
Corresponding biological pesticide is selected according to the pest and disease damage type of the bletilla striata or Snakegourd Fruit, such as a kind of streptomysin (agricultural antibiosis
Element)；
(9) bletilla striata harvests：
The bletilla striata of excavation 4 years；After October sprout tumble, to be excavated when stem is withered on the ground, the root tuber for cutting luxuriant is used as to plant,
The clean soil of remaining part point, removes fibrous root, harvests the bletilla striata；
(10) Snakegourd Fruit harvests：
The fruiting period of Snakegourd Fruit is in the 8-10 months；When snakegourd fruit fruit surface has white powder, and becomes light yellow, you can picking.
Embodiment 2
A kind of bletilla striata of the present embodiment and Snakegourd Fruit intercropping cultural method, include the following steps：
(1) selection of soil：
Select quality is loose, pH for 7.5 sand soil territory；
(2) site preparation：
Winter ploughs deeply 40cm, surface it is whole it is thin rake as furrow, spacing 0.7m trench diggings (bar ditch, Yao Gou, enclose ditch, ditch ditch communicates, one
Ditch is more than a ditch depth)；
(3) application cultivation base fertilizer：
By herbivore excrement and cake fertilizer (soya-bean cake, peanut cake, sesame-send cake after pressure oil) according to volume ratio 3.5：1 mixing,
After During High-Temperature Composting, organic compost is constituted；Then by organic compost, with Biofertilizer for mycorrhizae, (content 1%, is adopted with incorporation EM kinds plant
With the EM bacterium solutions ferment making directly bought) soil, according to volume ratio 1：10 mixing are configured to cultivation base fertilizer；Finally, in every
Mu ground applies 1050kg and cultivates base fertilizer, slowly sprinkles profoundly water；
(4) selection of Snakegourd Fruit kind：
Growth selection phase and the bletilla striata basic same period or the Snakegourd Fruit kind for being longer than bletilla striata growth period；
(5) plantation of Snakegourd Fruit：
Biennial Snakegourd Fruit seedling is selected, using succeeding planting；Wherein, entire planting process uses 1.7m melons frame to limit melon
Beach wormwood growing height；The whole plantation amount of Snakegourd Fruit is with the 60% of traditional field production plantation amount (one mu 105) for standard；Snakegourd Fruit
Plant then keeps this mark wider by 60% than traditional field production spacing in the rows, line-spacing (spacing in the rows 2.2m, line-spacing 2.7m) away from, line-spacing respectively
Standard, to ensure that the bletilla striata grows the requirement to sunlight；
In addition, when being planted in the north, also need to carry out following processing to Snakegourd Fruit before freezing：The long vines in top are cut off,
Only retain the vines coiling away from ground 1.2m long on the ground, every plant covers a mound, mound high 32cm, cold-proof overwintering；When the next spring 4
It in the first tenday period of a month moon, pushs mound aside, is grown with profit emergence；
(6) plantation of the bletilla striata：
Selection contains 6 leaves, and leaf is grown the healthy and strong bletilla tissue culture seedlings in 3.0cm and cleaned, and is air-dried in shelter from the sun after cleaning
5h, then transplanted；
It transplants in furrow face, the Planting Row Distance 23cm of bletilla tissue culture seedlings, the nest spacing 17cm on row, per nest 1 seedling of kind, ensures
For the root of bletilla tissue culture seedlings in soil, soil not cover blade, you can；Wherein, the kind of the implantation time and Snakegourd Fruit of bletilla tissue culture seedlings
The plant time is identical, or is spaced 1 year and plants after Snakegourd Fruit plantation.
(7) weeding and fertilising：
Weeding：4-5 months, that 9-10 months distinguish weeding is primary；
Fertilising：After each weeding, 200kg EM kind plant Biofertilizer for mycorrhizae is applied；In addition, between 1 year, keep at interval of
60 days, 1 was applied per acre:7 people and animals' liquid dung 1050kg；
(8) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：
Corresponding biological pesticide is selected according to the pest and disease damage type of the bletilla striata or Snakegourd Fruit, as (a kind of natural plants are next for Tea Saponin
Do not have influential extract to medical material quanlity after source and application)；
(9) bletilla striata harvests：
The bletilla striata of excavation 4 years；After October sprout tumble, to be excavated when stem is withered on the ground, the root tuber for cutting luxuriant is used as to plant,
The clean soil of remaining part point, removes fibrous root, harvests the bletilla striata；
(10) Snakegourd Fruit harvests：
The fruiting period of Snakegourd Fruit is in the 8-10 months；When snakegourd fruit fruit surface has white powder, and becomes light yellow, you can picking.
Embodiment 3
A kind of bletilla striata of the present embodiment and Snakegourd Fruit intercropping cultural method, include the following steps：
(1) selection of soil：
Select quality is loose, pH for 7.0 sand soil territory；
(2) site preparation：
Winter ploughs deeply 35cm, surface it is whole it is thin rake as furrow, spacing 0.6m trench diggings (bar ditch, Yao Gou, enclose ditch, ditch ditch communicates, one
Ditch is more than a ditch depth)；
(3) application cultivation base fertilizer：
By herbivore excrement and cake fertilizer (tea seed cake after pressure oil) according to volume ratio 3.2：1 mixing, after During High-Temperature Composting,
Constitute organic compost；Then by organic compost and incorporation EM kinds plant Biofertilizer for mycorrhizae (content 0.5%, using directly buying
EM bacterium solutions ferment making) soil, according to volume ratio 0.8：10 mixing are configured to cultivation base fertilizer；Finally, in applying per acre
1000kg cultivates base fertilizer, slowly sprinkles profoundly water；
(4) selection of Snakegourd Fruit kind：
Growth selection phase and the bletilla striata basic same period or the Snakegourd Fruit kind for being longer than bletilla striata growth period；
(5) plantation of Snakegourd Fruit：
Biennial Snakegourd Fruit seedling is selected, using succeeding planting；Wherein, entire planting process uses 1.6m melons frame to limit melon
Beach wormwood growing height；The whole plantation amount of Snakegourd Fruit is with the 55% of traditional field production plantation amount (one mu 100) for standard；Snakegourd Fruit
Plant then keeps this mark wider by 58% than traditional field production spacing in the rows, line-spacing (spacing in the rows 2.0m, line-spacing 2.5m) away from, line-spacing respectively
Standard, to ensure that the bletilla striata grows the requirement to sunlight；
In addition, when being planted in the north, also need to carry out following processing to Snakegourd Fruit before freezing：The long vines in top are cut off,
Only retain the vines coiling away from ground 1.0m long on the ground, every plant covers a mound, mound high 30cm, cold-proof overwintering；When the next spring 4
It in the first tenday period of a month moon, pushs mound aside, is grown with profit emergence；
(6) plantation of the bletilla striata：
Selection contains 4 leaves, and leaf is grown the healthy and strong bletilla tissue culture seedlings in 2.5cm and cleaned, and is air-dried in shelter from the sun after cleaning
4h, then transplanted；
It transplants in furrow face, the Planting Row Distance 22cm of bletilla tissue culture seedlings, the nest spacing 16cm on row, per nest 1 seedling of kind, ensures
For the root of bletilla tissue culture seedlings in soil, soil not cover blade, you can；Wherein, the kind of the implantation time and Snakegourd Fruit of bletilla tissue culture seedlings
The plant time is identical, or is spaced 1 year and plants after Snakegourd Fruit plantation.
(7) weeding and fertilising：
Weeding：4-5 months, that 9-10 months distinguish weeding is primary；
Fertilising：After each weeding, 150kg EM kind plant Biofertilizer for mycorrhizae is applied；In addition, between 1 year, keep at interval of
45 days, 1 was applied per acre:6 people and animals' liquid dung 1000kg；
(8) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：
Corresponding biological pesticide is selected according to the pest and disease damage type of the bletilla striata or Snakegourd Fruit, such as a kind of streptomysin (agricultural antibiosis
Element)；
(9) bletilla striata harvests：
The bletilla striata of excavation 4 years；After October sprout tumble, to be excavated when stem is withered on the ground, the root tuber for cutting luxuriant is used as to plant,
The clean soil of remaining part point, removes fibrous root, harvests the bletilla striata；
(10) Snakegourd Fruit harvests：
The fruiting period of Snakegourd Fruit is in the 8-10 months；When snakegourd fruit fruit surface has white powder, and becomes light yellow, you can picking.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
All any modification, equivalent and improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention made by within refreshing and principle.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of bletilla striata and Snakegourd Fruit intercropping cultural method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
(1) selection of soil：
Select quality is loose, pH for 6.5-7.5 sand soil territory；
(2) site preparation：
Winter ploughs deeply 30-40cm, and surface is whole carefully to rake as furrow, spacing 0.5-0.7m trench diggings；
(3) application cultivation base fertilizer：
By herbivore excrement and cake fertilizer according to volume ratio (3-3.5)：1 mixing constitutes organic compost after During High-Temperature Composting；It connects
It organic compost and the soil containing microbial manure according to volume ratio (0.5-1)：10 mixing are configured to cultivation base fertilizer；Finally,
Base fertilizer is cultivated in applying 950-1050kg per acre, is slowly sprinkled profoundly water；
(4) selection of Snakegourd Fruit kind：
Growth selection phase and the bletilla striata basic same period or the Snakegourd Fruit kind for being longer than bletilla striata growth period；
(5) plantation of Snakegourd Fruit：
Biennial Snakegourd Fruit seedling is selected, using succeeding planting；Wherein, entire planting process uses 1.5-1.7m melons frame to limit melon
Beach wormwood growing height；The whole plantation amount of Snakegourd Fruit is using the 50-60% of traditional field production plantation amount as standard；The plant of Snakegourd Fruit
This standard wider 55-60% than traditional field production spacing in the rows, line-spacing is then kept respectively away from, line-spacing, to ensure that the bletilla striata grows to sun
The requirement of light；
In addition, when being planted in the north, also need to carry out following processing to Snakegourd Fruit before freezing：The long vines in top are cut off, are only protected
Vines away from ground 0.8-1.2m long are stayed to coil on the ground, every plant covers a mound, mound high 28-32cm, cold-proof overwintering；When next
It early April in spring, pushs mound aside, is grown with profit emergence；
(6) plantation of the bletilla striata：
Selection is containing more than 3 leaves, and leaf is grown the healthy and strong bletilla tissue culture seedlings in 1.5-3.0cm and cleaned, in shelter from the sun after cleaning
3-5h is air-dried, then is transplanted；
It is transplanted in furrow face, the Planting Row Distance 20-23cm of bletilla tissue culture seedlings, the nest spacing 14-17cm on row, per nest 1 seedling of kind；
(7) weeding and fertilising：
Weeding：4-5 months, that 9-10 months distinguish weeding is primary；
Fertilising：After each weeding, 100-200kg EM kind plant Biofertilizer for mycorrhizae is applied；In addition, between 1 year, keep at interval of
30-60 days, 1 was applied per acre:(5-7) people and animals' liquid dung 950-1050kg；
(8) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：
Corresponding biological pesticide is selected according to the pest and disease damage type of the bletilla striata or Snakegourd Fruit；
(9) bletilla striata harvests：
The bletilla striata of excavation 4 years；It after October sprout tumble, is excavated when stem is withered on the ground, the root tuber for cutting luxuriant is used as to plant, remaining part
Divide clean soil, remove fibrous root, harvests the bletilla striata；
(10) Snakegourd Fruit harvests：
The fruiting period of Snakegourd Fruit is in the 8-10 months；When snakegourd fruit fruit surface has white powder, and becomes light yellow, you can picking.
2. the bletilla striata according to claim 1 and Snakegourd Fruit intercropping cultural method, which is characterized in that in the step (2)
Trench digging is specially to open bar ditch, Yao Gou, enclose ditch；The bar ditch, waist ditch and enclosing is connected between ditch, and ditch depth is shown as：With bar ditch,
Waist ditch encloses ditch for sequence, deepens successively.
3. the bletilla striata according to claim 1 and Snakegourd Fruit intercropping cultural method, which is characterized in that in the step (3)
Cake fertilizer is specially at least one of rape cake after pressure oil, soya-bean cake, peanut cake, sesame-send cake, tea seed cake.
4. the bletilla striata according to claim 1 and Snakegourd Fruit intercropping cultural method, which is characterized in that in the step (3)
Soil containing microbial manure is specially the soil for mixing EM kind plant Biofertilizer for mycorrhizae, wherein EM kinds are planted with mycorhiza biology
The content of fertilizer is 0.1-1%.
5. the bletilla striata according to claim 4 and Snakegourd Fruit intercropping cultural method, which is characterized in that bacterium is used in the EM kinds plant
Root bio-feritlizer uses EM bacterium solution ferment makings.
6. the bletilla striata according to claim 1 and Snakegourd Fruit intercropping cultural method, which is characterized in that in the step (5)
The plantation amount of traditional field production Snakegourd Fruit is one mu 95-105.
7. the bletilla striata according to claim 1 and Snakegourd Fruit intercropping cultural method, which is characterized in that in the step (5)
The spacing in the rows of traditional field production is 1.8-2.2m, line-spacing 2.2-2.7m.
8. the bletilla striata according to claim 1 and Snakegourd Fruit intercropping cultural method, which is characterized in that in the step (6)
The implantation time of bletilla tissue culture seedlings is identical as the implantation time of Snakegourd Fruit, or is spaced 1 year and plants after Snakegourd Fruit plantation.
9. the bletilla striata according to claim 1 and Snakegourd Fruit intercropping cultural method, which is characterized in that in the step (6)
Standard is completed in the plantation of bletilla tissue culture seedlings：For the root of bletilla tissue culture seedlings in soil, soil not cover blade, you can.
10. the bletilla striata according to claim 1 and Snakegourd Fruit intercropping cultural method, which is characterized in that in the step (8)
Corresponding biological pesticide is specially farm antibiotics or natural botanical source and does not have influential extraction to medical material quanlity after applying
Object.
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