CN103125244A - Cutting propagation method of golden camellia plants - Google Patents
Cutting propagation method of golden camellia plants Download PDFInfo
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- CN103125244A CN103125244A CN2013100750107A CN201310075010A CN103125244A CN 103125244 A CN103125244 A CN 103125244A CN 2013100750107 A CN2013100750107 A CN 2013100750107A CN 201310075010 A CN201310075010 A CN 201310075010A CN 103125244 A CN103125244 A CN 103125244A
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Abstract
The invention provides a cutting propagation method of golden camellia plants. Matching technologies which include cutting slips, choosing and treating ground substances, cottage time, cultivating conditions, various matters needing attention of carrying out the golden camellia plants cutting seeding are studied, and a number of key links are emphasized to carry out improving: (1) hormones are iso butyl alcohol (IBA), the concentration of the IBA is 500-550 mg/l, soak time is 1.5-2 hours; (2) serving two parts of thin yellow subsoils with one part of cleaned river sands as slotting substances; (3) raising different requirements to the cutting slips which are cut in different seasons. The matching technologies are used, after the golden camellia plants are cut 30 days, the golden camellia plants are capable of taking roots, sprouting and stripping, a sprouting rate can obtain 95% on average, the height of the golden camellia plants is 60 cm in 150 days, the stem of the golden camellia plants is 0.8-1.0 cm. The problems that high abortion rate, low catching fruit rate and small seed yield of seeds of the golden camellia plants exist are overcome, and the cutting survival rate is high, and the growth vigour of the golden camellia plants after the golden camellia plants survive is accordant and in order, the dry shape of the golden camellia plants is good. After plantlets survive, the golden camellia plants are robust in growth and good in growth vigour, meanwhile a robust good breed is cultivated. The cutting propagation method of the golden camellia plants has remarkable economic benefits and social benefits.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the cultivation field of economic forest, relate to cuttage breeding method medicinal, ornamental plants, more specifically relate to the cuttage breeding method of a kind of Camellia nitidissima plant.
Background technology
Camellia nitidissima (
Camellia chrysantha) be Theaceae (
Theaceae) Camellia (
Camellia) the Camellia nitidissima group (
Sect .Chrysantha) plant; mainly be distributed in Yongning county, Guangxi; to contain special yellow Color gene KNA very rare in vegetative kingdom due to it; filled up the blank of Yellow series camellia; therefore be described as " the tea queen of family " and botanic " giant panda "; Camellia nitidissima is as the rare plant resources in a kind of world (only being distributed in Guangxi and Vietnam border one band); one of eight kinds of Threatened Plants of The First National Lists of China; be used as the Traditional Folk Chinese herbal medicine in the locality always; especially Camellia nitidissima camellia; because the few difficulty of amount is asked, be regarded as the honorable treasure in Camellia nitidissima.Show according to authorities,medical mechanism assay: the nontoxic level of golden flower Camellia, have no side effect, contain more than the 400 kind of nutriment useful to human body.Be rich in the multiple natural nutrient components such as Tea Polyphenols, tea polysaccharide, caffeine, TS, Tea Pigment, vitamin, amino acid, tea brass: contain the natural organic germanium that human body is had important health-care effect, the trace elements such as selenium, molybdenum, zinc, vanadium." Guangxi medicinal material standard " record: Camellia nitidissima has clearing heat and detoxicating, inducing diuresis to reduce edema effect, is used for the treatment of ephritis, oedema, urinary tract infections, sphagitis, dysentery, hypertension, reduction cholesterol, pre-preventing tumor, the anti-ageing aspect of waiting for a long time has certain effect.Industrial value Camellia nitidissima flower, blade can be finish-machined to beverage series product and food colour, and its trunk timber quality is hard, and compact structure can be carved exquisite handicraft and utensil.In addition, the Camellia nitidissima seed still can extract oil edible.Whole body is all precious, is a kind of economic crops of rare preciousness.
Because the Camellia nitidissima Camellia nitidissima is very rare, distribute extremely narrow, the wild Camellia nitidissima in the whole world 90% only is distributed in blue mountain offshoot one band of China's tourist resources Shiwan Dashan, grow in height above sea level below 700 meters, more common with the scope between height above sea level 200-500 rice, be limited to height above sea level 20 meters left and right under vertical distribution.Therefore be necessary it is carried out artificial propagation.
Summary of the invention
Few in order to solve in prior art wild Camellia nitidissima quantity on hand, fruiting rate is extremely low, and the time in seedling stage is long, emerges
The problems such as rate is low the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of Camellia nitidissima plant cottage propagation, and rooting rate is reached more than 95%, cultivate simultaneously the strong excellent strain of emerging.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
The cuttage breeding method of a kind of Camellia nitidissima plant of the present invention said method comprising the steps of:
1, the clip of plugged ear: gather branch and gathered the lignification branch with early spring for well before trees do not sprout.To select on tree in strong age annual, not yet bloom, grow sturdy, lignification, terminal bud is full, blade is complete, internode is shorter developmental branch row culture plugged ear.To wrap up with wet towel after the branch clip, plugged ear is about 8 ~ 10cm, every leaf of each plugged ear can cut off half, so as not to withered, to extract bud with the plugged ear of bud, each plugged ear keeps 2 ~ 3 buds, upper clip is flat mouth, and apart from terminal bud 0.5 ~ 1.0cm, lower clip is flat mouth, lower clip is below the internode place or below leaf bud, in order to healing and taking root.Plugged ear shears rear 30 and is bundled into a bundle, and 2min sterilizes in the carbendazim of thimerosal 5/1000ths concentration; Rot to prevent disease and to transplant a cutting.
2, hormone and processing time: hormone is the IBA(indolebutyric acid), concentration 500-550mg/L, soak time is 1.5-2h;
3, slotting machine: adopt 2 parts of thin yellow soils to add 1 part of clean river sand as slotting machine matrix, leveling slotting machine before cuttage, then with 1% potassium permanganate, slotting machine is carried out disinfection, treat that potassium permanganate disinfection solution sees through matrix cuttage again (disinfecting time is 7 days, cuttage again after namely sterilizing 7 days);
4, cuttage: cuttage can select early spring, summer or autumn to carry out: March in early spring is upper, cuttage in the middle ten days is best, this moment temperature slightly lower than soil temperature and be in the period that slowly heats, in soil, water content is more abundant, is conducive to take root; Summer, epicormic branch cuttage, adopt fresh plugged ear, accomplish with adopt bar, with cut fringe, with cuttage, to keep soil temperature to maintain 12 ~ 15 ℃ after cuttage; Autumn, cuttage carried out in 10 ~ early November, and cuttage is carried out in cool canopy;
(early spring, summer or autumn are all by the following method) cuttage degree of depth is that 1/3 of fringe bar tilt to insert husky earth by the 58-62 degree, and compacting plugged ear surrounding after cuttage is watered once permeablely after cuttage finishes, and soil is fully moistening; Then take the plastic film shed, sealing increases seedling bed temperature and humidity; (early spring, summer or autumn all will be taken plastic film)
5, management: keep 12 ~ 15 ℃ of soil temperature, 20 ~ 25 ℃ of temperature are taken root if surpass 30 ℃ of plugged ear difficulties, and are even mildew and rot; Can take root in 28-32 days after cuttage, germination, stripping, at this moment to be beneficial to growth in conjunction with the nitrogenous fertilizer solution that waters, imposes trace.
Remarkable advantage of the present invention: adopt the inventive method to carry out cottage propagation, select to process from plugged ear, matrix the matching technique study that cutting time, condition of culture, each points for attention are carried out Camellia nitidissima plant cuttage and seedling culture, and emphatically some key links are improved: (1) hormone is the IBA(indolebutyric acid), concentration 500-550mg/L, soak time is 1.5-2h, (2) add 1 part of clean river sand as slotting machine matrix take 2 parts of thin yellow soils, (3) propose different requirements to the plugged ear of Various Seasonal cuttage.Adopt this supporting technology, can take root in 30 days after cuttage, germination, stripping, 95%, 150 day plant height 60cm of rooting rate average out to, ground stem 0.8-1.0cm.The seed that has overcome Camellia nitidissima exist the abortion rate high, connect the problem that real rate is low, seed production is few, and cuttage survival rate is higher, growing way neat and consistent after surviving, form are good, robust growth after Survival rate of nursery stock, grow fine, cultivate simultaneously the strong excellent strain of emerging, have significant economic benefit and social benefit.
Embodiment
Below by concrete exemplifying embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described further, but can not limits the scope of the invention with this.
Embodiment 1
1. the cuttage breeding method of a Camellia nitidissima plant, it is characterized in that: described propagation method comprises following concrete steps:
(1) clip of plugged ear: choose and gathered lignified branch early spring before trees do not sprout, select annual, not yet bloom, grow sturdy, lignification, terminal bud is full, blade is complete, internode is shorter developmental branch bar be as the plugged ear branch; To wrap up with wet towel after plugged ear branch clip, long 8 ~ the 10cm of plugged ear, every leaf of each plugged ear cuts off half, plugged ear with bud will be extractd bud, each plugged ear keeps 2 ~ 3 buds, and upper clip is flat mouth, apart from terminal bud 0.5 ~ 1.0cm, lower clip is flat mouth, and lower clip is below the internode place or below leaf bud; The plugged ear branch shears rear 30 and is bundled into a bundle, and 2min sterilizes in the carbendazim of thimerosal 5/1000ths concentration;
(2) hormone and processing time: hormone is indolebutyric acid, and concentration is 500-550mg/L, and soak time is 1.5-2h;
(3) slotting machine: adopt 2 parts of thin yellow soils to add 1 part of clean river sand as slotting machine matrix, before cuttage, the leveling slotting machine, then carry out disinfection to slotting machine with 1% potassium permanganate, and disinfecting time is 7 days, treats that potassium permanganate disinfection solution sees through matrix cuttage again;
(4) cuttage: cuttage is chosen in to be carried out in early spring, summer or autumn: March in early spring is upper, cuttage in the middle ten days is best, this moment temperature slightly lower than soil temperature and be in the period that slowly heats, in soil, water content is more abundant, is conducive to take root; Summer, epicormic branch cuttage, adopt fresh plugged ear, accomplish with adopt bar, with cut fringe, with cuttage, to keep soil temperature to maintain 12 ~ 15 ℃ after cuttage; Autumn, cuttage carried out in 10 ~ early November, and cuttage is carried out in cool canopy; The cuttage degree of depth is that 1/3 of fringe bar tilt to insert husky earth by the 58-62 degree, and compacting plugged ear surrounding after cuttage is watered once permeablely after cuttage finishes, and soil is fully moistening; Then take the plastic film shed, sealing increases seedling bed temperature and humidity;
(5) management: keep 12 ~ 15 ℃ of soil temperature, 20 ~ 25 ℃ of temperature; Can take root in 28-32 days after cuttage, germination, stripping, at this moment to be beneficial to growth in conjunction with the nitrogenous fertilizer solution that waters, imposes trace.
Embodiment 2:
The cuttage breeding method of a kind of Camellia nitidissima plant, described propagation method comprises following concrete steps:
(1) clip of plugged ear: choose and gathered lignified branch early spring before trees do not sprout, select annual, not yet bloom, grow sturdy, lignification, terminal bud is full, blade is complete, internode is shorter developmental branch bar be as the plugged ear branch; To wrap up with wet towel after plugged ear branch clip, long 8 ~ the 10cm of plugged ear, every leaf of each plugged ear cuts off half, plugged ear with bud will be extractd bud, each plugged ear keeps 2 ~ 3 buds, and upper clip is flat mouth, apart from terminal bud 0.5 ~ 1.0cm, lower clip is flat mouth, and lower clip is below the internode place or below leaf bud; The plugged ear branch shears rear 30 and is bundled into a bundle, and 2min sterilizes in the carbendazim of thimerosal 5/1000ths concentration;
(2) hormone and processing time: hormone is indolebutyric acid, and concentration is 500mg/L, and soak time is 1.5h;
(3) slotting machine: adopt 2 parts of thin yellow soils to add 1 part of clean river sand as slotting machine matrix, before cuttage, the leveling slotting machine, then carry out disinfection to slotting machine with 1% potassium permanganate, sees through matrix (after sterilizing 7 days) cuttage again until potassium permanganate disinfection solution;
(4) cuttage: be chosen in early March cuttage in early spring; The cuttage degree of depth is that 1/3 of fringe bar tilt to insert husky earth by 58 degree, and compacting plugged ear surrounding after cuttage is watered once permeablely after cuttage finishes, and soil is fully moistening; Then take the plastic film shed, sealing increases seedling bed temperature and humidity;
(5) management: keep 12 ~ 15 ℃ of soil temperature, 20 ~ 25 ℃ of temperature; Can take root in 28-32 days after cuttage, germination, stripping, at this moment to be beneficial to growth in conjunction with the nitrogenous fertilizer solution that waters, imposes trace.
Embodiment 3:
The cuttage breeding method of a kind of Camellia nitidissima plant, described propagation method comprises following concrete steps:
(1) clip of plugged ear: choose and gathered lignified branch early spring before trees do not sprout, select annual, not yet bloom, grow sturdy, lignification, terminal bud is full, blade is complete, internode is shorter developmental branch bar be as the plugged ear branch; To wrap up with wet towel after plugged ear branch clip, long 8 ~ the 10cm of plugged ear, every leaf of each plugged ear cuts off half, plugged ear with bud will be extractd bud, each plugged ear keeps 2 ~ 3 buds, and upper clip is flat mouth, apart from terminal bud 0.5 ~ 1.0cm, lower clip is flat mouth, and lower clip is below the internode place or below leaf bud; The plugged ear branch shears rear 30 and is bundled into a bundle, and 2min sterilizes in the carbendazim of thimerosal 5/1000ths concentration;
(2) hormone and processing time: hormone is indolebutyric acid, and concentration is 550mg/L, and soak time is 2h;
(3) slotting machine: adopt 2 parts of thin yellow soils to add 1 part of clean river sand as slotting machine matrix, before cuttage, the leveling slotting machine, then carry out disinfection to slotting machine with 1% potassium permanganate, sees through matrix (after sterilizing 7 days) cuttage again until potassium permanganate disinfection solution;
(4) cuttage: select the epicormic branch cuttage in summer, adopt fresh plugged ear, accomplish with adopt bar, with cut fringe, with cuttage, keep soil temperature to maintain 12 ~ 15 ℃ after cuttage; The cuttage degree of depth is that 1/3 of fringe bar tilt to insert husky earth by 60 degree, and compacting plugged ear surrounding after cuttage is watered once permeablely after cuttage finishes, and soil is fully moistening; Then take the plastic film shed, sealing increases seedling bed temperature and humidity;
(5) management: keep 12 ~ 15 ℃ of soil temperature, 20 ~ 25 ℃ of temperature; Can take root in 28-32 days after cuttage, germination, stripping, at this moment to be beneficial to growth in conjunction with the nitrogenous fertilizer solution that waters, imposes trace.
Embodiment 4:
The cuttage breeding method of a kind of Camellia nitidissima plant, described propagation method comprises following concrete steps:
(1) clip of plugged ear: choose and gathered lignified branch early spring before trees do not sprout, select annual, not yet bloom, grow sturdy, lignification, terminal bud is full, blade is complete, internode is shorter developmental branch bar be as the plugged ear branch; To wrap up with wet towel after plugged ear branch clip, long 8 ~ the 10cm of plugged ear, every leaf of each plugged ear cuts off half, plugged ear with bud will be extractd bud, each plugged ear keeps 2 ~ 3 buds, and upper clip is flat mouth, apart from terminal bud 0.5 ~ 1.0cm, lower clip is flat mouth, and lower clip is below the internode place or below leaf bud; The plugged ear branch shears rear 30 and is bundled into a bundle, and 2min sterilizes in the carbendazim of thimerosal 5/1000ths concentration;
(2) hormone and processing time: hormone is indolebutyric acid, and concentration is 520mg/L, and soak time is 1.8h;
(3) slotting machine: adopt 2 parts of thin yellow soils to add 1 part of clean river sand as slotting machine matrix, before cuttage, the leveling slotting machine, then carry out disinfection to slotting machine with 1% potassium permanganate, sees through matrix (after sterilizing 7 days) cuttage again until potassium permanganate disinfection solution;
(4) cuttage: select the cuttage in autumn, carry out in early October, cuttage is carried out in cool canopy, and the cuttage degree of depth is that 1/3 of fringe bar tilts to insert husky earth by the 58-62 degree, compacting plugged ear surrounding after cuttage, and after cuttage finishes, water irrigates once, and soil is fully moistening; Then take the plastic film shed, sealing increases seedling bed temperature and humidity;
(5) management: keep 12 ~ 15 ℃ of soil temperature, 20 ~ 25 ℃ of temperature; Can take root in 28-32 days after cuttage, germination, stripping, at this moment to be beneficial to growth in conjunction with the nitrogenous fertilizer solution that waters, imposes trace.
Claims (1)
1. the cuttage breeding method of a Camellia nitidissima plant, it is characterized in that: described propagation method comprises following concrete steps:
(1) clip of plugged ear: choose and gathered lignified branch early spring before trees do not sprout, select annual, not yet bloom, grow sturdy, lignification, terminal bud is full, blade is complete, internode is shorter developmental branch bar be as the plugged ear branch; To wrap up with wet towel after plugged ear branch clip, the long 8-10cm of plugged ear, every leaf of each plugged ear cuts off half, plugged ear with bud will be extractd bud, each plugged ear keeps 2-3 bud, and upper clip is flat mouth, apart from terminal bud 0.5-1.0cm, lower clip is flat mouth, and lower clip is below the internode place or below leaf bud; The plugged ear branch shears rear 30 and is bundled into a bundle, and 2min sterilizes in the carbendazim of thimerosal 5/1000ths concentration;
(2) hormone and processing time: hormone is indolebutyric acid, and concentration is 500-550mg/L, and soak time is 1.5-2h;
(3) slotting machine: adopt 2 parts of thin yellow soils to add 1 part of clean river sand as slotting machine matrix, before cuttage, the leveling slotting machine, then carry out disinfection to slotting machine with 1% potassium permanganate, treats that potassium permanganate disinfection solution sees through matrix cuttage again;
(4) cuttage: cuttage is chosen in to be carried out in early spring, summer or autumn: March in early spring is upper, cuttage in the middle ten days is best, this moment temperature slightly lower than soil temperature and be in the period that slowly heats, in soil, water content is more abundant, is conducive to take root; Summer, epicormic branch cuttage, adopt fresh plugged ear, accomplish with adopt bar, with cut fringe, with cuttage, to keep soil temperature to maintain 12-15 ℃ after cuttage; Autumn, cuttage carried out in 10-11 the first tenday period of a month month, and cuttage is carried out in cool canopy; The cuttage degree of depth is that 1/3 of fringe bar tilt to insert husky earth by the 58-62 degree, and compacting plugged ear surrounding after cuttage is watered once permeablely after cuttage finishes, and soil is fully moistening; Then take the plastic film shed, sealing increases seedling bed temperature and humidity;
(5) management: keep 12-15 ℃ of soil temperature, temperature 20-25 ℃; Can take root in 28-32 days after cuttage, germination, stripping, at this moment to be beneficial to growth in conjunction with the nitrogenous fertilizer solution that waters, imposes trace.
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CN103733849A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-04-23 | 广西国茗金花茶科技有限公司 | Golden camellia old branch cuttage propagation method |
CN105210621A (en) * | 2015-09-24 | 2016-01-06 | 广西防城港市宏峰农林开发有限公司 | A kind of seedling-cultivating method of white stone tooth tea |
CN105393837A (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2016-03-16 | 广西防城金花茶国家级自然保护区管理处 | CamelliatunghinensisChang cutting special-purpose matrix preparation method |
CN105532351A (en) * | 2015-12-26 | 2016-05-04 | 贵州益丰缘林业科技有限公司 | Method for rapidly breeding camellia huana through leaves |
CN105613108A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-06-01 | 防城港市现代科技有限公司 | Preparation method of special substrate soil for cutting propagation of golden camellia |
CN106561658A (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2017-04-19 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院花卉研究所 | Camellia chrysantha soaking-free cutting seedling growing medicament and use method thereof |
CN107135779A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-09-08 | 句容市农业技术推广中心 | A kind of simple cuttage method for improving camellia survival rate |
CN107333539A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-11-10 | 合肥同创园林科技有限公司 | A kind of basswood cuttage technique for purifying air |
CN107371742A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2017-11-24 | 广西沙田仙人滩农业投资有限公司 | A kind of camellia winter rapid cuttage propagation method |
CN107771547A (en) * | 2017-11-26 | 2018-03-09 | 广西中港高科国宝金花茶产业有限公司 | A kind of Camellia nitidissima cuttage seeding method for culturing seedlings |
CN107926312A (en) * | 2017-11-25 | 2018-04-20 | 广西宝树金花茶有限公司 | A kind of Camellia nitidissima cuttage seeding method for culturing seedlings |
CN107980374A (en) * | 2017-11-25 | 2018-05-04 | 广西宝树金花茶有限公司 | Camellia nitidissima fast breeding method |
CN108419549A (en) * | 2018-03-15 | 2018-08-21 | 贵州省生物研究所 | A kind of cuttage and seedling culture method on the spot of Yellow Camellia From Guizhou Province |
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CN111727753A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-10-02 | 贵州省林业科学研究院 | Method for quickly growing seedlings and cultivating golden camellia |
CN112369230A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-02-19 | 上海上房园林植物研究所有限公司 | Open-air cutting propagation method of vitex agnus-castus |
CN114916326A (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-08-19 | 广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所 | Cuttage method for golden camellia tender branches dipped with pulp |
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CN105210621A (en) * | 2015-09-24 | 2016-01-06 | 广西防城港市宏峰农林开发有限公司 | A kind of seedling-cultivating method of white stone tooth tea |
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CN106561658A (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2017-04-19 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院花卉研究所 | Camellia chrysantha soaking-free cutting seedling growing medicament and use method thereof |
CN107135779A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-09-08 | 句容市农业技术推广中心 | A kind of simple cuttage method for improving camellia survival rate |
CN107333539A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-11-10 | 合肥同创园林科技有限公司 | A kind of basswood cuttage technique for purifying air |
CN107371742A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2017-11-24 | 广西沙田仙人滩农业投资有限公司 | A kind of camellia winter rapid cuttage propagation method |
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CN111727753B (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2021-12-17 | 贵州省林业科学研究院 | Method for quickly growing seedlings and cultivating golden camellia |
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