CN108684348A - A kind of method of luxuriant and rich with fragrance oily fruit air layering breeding - Google Patents
A kind of method of luxuriant and rich with fragrance oily fruit air layering breeding Download PDFInfo
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- CN108684348A CN108684348A CN201810413990.XA CN201810413990A CN108684348A CN 108684348 A CN108684348 A CN 108684348A CN 201810413990 A CN201810413990 A CN 201810413990A CN 108684348 A CN108684348 A CN 108684348A
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- luxuriant
- rich
- ring
- air layering
- oily fruit
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/20—Layering
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of luxuriant and rich with fragrance oily fruit air layering mating systems.The implementation process of this method includes:Breed the selection of material, bast ring is carved, smear hormone, ring carves wrapping up, periodically water, forming transplanting and other steps after flourishing root system for position.The advantage of the invention is that breeding material rooting rate is up to 98%, acclimatization and transplants survival rate up to 100%, and cultivate robust plant, the speed of growth is fast, the merit of maternal plant, plant can be kept larger;And sowing and breeding is easy to happen variation, cutting propagation is taken root difficulty, and the death rate is up to 45%, and for tissue cultures again because of the easy browning of material, survival rate is almost nil.Therefore, compared to traditional mating system, the present invention has significant advantage.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of methods of luxuriant and rich with fragrance oily fruit air layering breeding, belong to luxuriant and rich with fragrance oily fruit fast breeding technical system.
Background technology
Luxuriant and rich with fragrance oil fruit(Feijoa sellowiana Berg.)It is a kind of emerging fruit occurred on international market in recent years, again
Name pineapple guava, Fijian fruit, feijoa etc., belong to Myrtaceae(Myrtaceae), luxuriant and rich with fragrance oily fruit category (Feijoa), it is a kind of rise
Evergreen subtropical fruit tree derived from South America forest, the Highland of South Brazil, Colombia, Uruguay and North America is
Perennial evergreen shrubs or dungarunga, highly up to 1 ~ 7 meter(3.2 ~ 23 feet), can be used as extensively ornamental plant, hedge and
Fruit tree is the new fruit tree type that a kind of collection is edible, ornamental, greening three is located at one.The oily fruit of the phenanthrene of China is mainly by import at present
And sowing and breeding, import cost is higher, and sowing and breeding is easy to happen variation, it cannot be guaranteed that the merit of maternal plant, therefore it is asexual
Breeding is particularly important, and contains a large amount of aldehydes matter in luxuriant and rich with fragrance oil fruit blade and stem section, and material is caused to be easy browning, tissue training
It is extremely low to form power, the cutting propagation difficult survival rate that then there is a problem of taking root is low, such as application No. is 201610501069.1
Patent application publication a kind of luxuriant and rich with fragrance oily fruit cuttage breeding method, yield rate only has 55% or so, and highest only reaches 80%.
Invention content
The problem of for luxuriant and rich with fragrance oily fruit raising technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of luxuriant and rich with fragrance oily fruit air layerings
Mating system, it is intended to solve luxuriant and rich with fragrance oily fruit seed propagation and be easy to happen variation, vegetative propagation difficulty, influence its seedling breeding and popularization
The problem of, and this method is small to maternal plant injury, and it is easy to take root, and the survival rate of luxuriant and rich with fragrance oily fruit vegetative propagation can be improved.
A kind of luxuriant and rich with fragrance oily fruit air layering mating system, includes the following steps:
The first step:The foundation of seed forest;
Second step:Press strip material selection:The air layering time is annual 4 ~ May of spring or 9 ~ October of autumn, on elite stand
Selection life in 2 years or more, degree of lignification is high, branch is harder, the oily fruit branch item of the phenanthrene of robust growth, no disease and pests harm;
Third walks:Ring is carved:Gently ring is carved at away from 10 ~ 15 cm of shoot apex, and to avoid bast from healing, it is 3 ~ 5 that ring, which carves width,
Mm avoids hurting xylem, and removes the blade at 5 ~ 8cm of ring quarter part or more;
4th step:Smear hormone:Appropriate hormone is dipped with small writing brush, ring is applied to and carves wound, promotes ring to carve wound top and is cured
It closes, take root;
5th step:Wrapping:It with plastic foil, is wrapped at ring quarter, the lower end of plastic foil is tightened with plastic ties, matrix is filled into modeling
Expect in film, and make to be located in the middle part of plastic foil at ring quarter, after being watered with water, upper end is tightened, and arrange funnel, so that the later stage pours
Water also can carry out press strip processing again after healing at ring quarter;
6th step:Final-period management and transplanting:Air layering breeding cycle is 5 ~ 6 months, every 7 ~ 15 days, is held on a plastic film
A water is poured, was grown through 5 ~ 6 months, 98% branch formed flourishing root system, under forming the branch of root system from ring quarter
End is cut, transplanting to nutritive cube.
Said program selects suitable method so that rooting rate and survival rate carry significantly for the press strip breeding of luxuriant and rich with fragrance oily fruit
Although height, air layering technology are a kind of prior arts, but do not have the air layering skill of disclosed luxuriant and rich with fragrance oily fruit to the prior art
Art also much needs the technological difficulties overcome, although press strip success is simple, is to ensure that high rooting rate and survival rate,
Be be not easy, such as the selection to the press strip time, the selection to press strip branch, to the processing of press strip branch, to during press strip
Management etc., be required for targetedly improving.
It is preferred that the place of establishing of seed forest is smooth plot, fertile soil, drains good, soil subacidity(PH value 6.0 ~
6.5)Soil, elite stand seeding row spacing be 2m*3m, the age of tree be 2 ~ 5 years.
The selection for the soil that seed forest is established, is not only related to the upgrowth situation of elite stand, but also can influence follow-up press strip
Success rate.
It is preferred that the elite stand four seasons can all transplant, preferably spring and autumn, transplanting elite stand age are 2 ~ 5 years, and band soil ball is transplanted, root
It is 20 ~ 50cm according to age of tree soil ball diameter.
It is preferred that the air layering time is annual 4 ~ May of spring.
It is preferred that hormone is No. 6 root-inducing powders of ABT or indolebutyric acid of a concentration of 800 ~ 1200ppm.
It is preferred that hormone concentration 1000ppm.
It is preferred that ring icking tool uses the alcohol soaking disinfection preceding needed with 75%.
It is preferred that filling substrate is perlite, vermiculite, peat soil are with 1:2~4:2 ~ 5 volume ratio is uniformly mixed, and is used
Preceding to carry out high pressure sterilization to mixed-matrix with high-pressure sterilizing pot, sterilising conditions are 121 DEG C of heat preservation 60min of pressure 0.1MPa temperature.
Filling substrate influences the growth of seedling after taking root and taking root, and the filling substrate formula in the program is simple, economical, protects
Demonstrate,prove growing nutrient.
Further preferably, filling substrate is perlite, vermiculite, peat soil with 1:3:3 volume ratio is uniformly mixed.
It is preferred that nutritive cube mesostroma is perlite, vermiculite, peat soil, decomposed manure are with 1:2~3:3~4:0.5 volume
Than being uniformly mixed.
Further preferably, nutritive cube mesostroma is perlite, vermiculite, peat soil, decomposed manure with 1:3:3:0.5 body
Product ratio is uniformly mixed.
The present invention carves bast by ring, smears hormone, and the moisture and nutrient that are provided using maternal plant is come hestening rooting, with
Realize that pierre, this method have the following advantages compared with other general mating systems:
1)In implementation process, selected material is not detached with maternal plant this method before completion of taking root, and maternal plant can carry for it
For nutrient and moisture, the survival rate of material ensure that.The experimental results showed that in luxuriant and rich with fragrance oily fruit seedling breeding field trial, use
The survival rate of this method, material is 100%.
2)It is carved by ring, the bast of material is made to be detached with maternal plant bast, be conducive to accumulation of the nutrition in wound,
Hormone is smeared in wound, can promote wound healing, filling substrate and carries out wrapping watering at ring quarter, can take root for branch
Dark environment and moisture are provided, material wound location is promoted to differentiate adventitious root, in luxuriant and rich with fragrance oily fruit seedling breeding field trial,
Using this method, the rooting rate of material is 98%, can alleviate the luxuriant and rich with fragrance oily fruit seedling present situation that supply falls short of demand to a certain extent.
3)Within identical breeding cycle, it is easier to obtain larger plant.It is numerous with sowing and breeding, tissue culture breeding, cuttage
It the methods of educating and to compare, the plant of air layering is in identical growth cycle, and plant higher is more healthy and stronger, and the speed of growth is also very fast,
The period of yielding positive results can be shortened, enter the result stage in advance, may advantageously facilitate orchard worker and increase income.
Specific implementation mode
This specific implementation case is only explanation of the invention, is not limitation of the present invention, art technology
Personnel can as needed make the implementation case the modification of not creative contribution after reading this specification, but as long as
It is all protected by Patent Law in scope of the presently claimed invention.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of mating system of luxuriant and rich with fragrance oily fruit air layering, specific implementation method include the following steps:
1, the foundation of seed forest
It selects smooth plot, fertile soil, drain good, sunny, soil subacidity(PH value 6.0 ~ 6.5)Soil establish
Seed forest carries out pumping equipment, digs planting pit according to the seeding row spacing of 2m*3m, and do bottom in the decomposed manure of 2 ~ 5kg of cave bottom application
Fertilizer.The elite stand four seasons can all transplant, but be preferred with spring and autumn, and the transplanting elite stand age is 2 ~ 5 years, according to the age of tree, with diameter 20 ~
The soil ball of 50cm is transplanted, and holder is used in combination to fix, and is sprinkled profoundly water, if hot weather, suitably need to be pruned and be shaded, and waits for that elite stand gives birth to
It is long to stablize, after growing sprouting, you can carry out air layering.
2, reagent and relative article prepare
(1)Reagent:75% alcohol, No. 6 root-inducing powders of ABT or indolebutyric acid of 800 ~ 1200ppm;
(2)Other articles:Ring icking tool, the plastic film of 10cm*15cm, plastic ties, sterilization matrix(Perlite, vermiculite, peat soil
With 1:3:3 volume ratio is uniformly mixed, and keeps the temperature 60min under conditions of 121 DEG C of pressure 0.1MPa temperature), transplanting medium(It is precious
Zhu Yan, vermiculite, peat soil, decomposed manure are with 1:3:3:0.5 volume ratio uniformly mixes), plastic squeeze bottle, small brushes;
3, branch of the selection age at 2 years or more, branch is straight, healthy and strong, no disease and pests harm;
4, by ring icking tool in 75% alcohol soaking disinfection, at shoot apex 15cm, with ring icking tool, gently ring is carved, will
Bast is completely exfoliated, and it is 3 ~ 5cm that ring, which carves width, is healed into together from upper and lower incision with preventing ring from carving position bast;
5, the ABT6 root-inducing powders or indolebutyric acid that 800 ~ 1200ppm is dipped with small brushes are gently applied to ring and carve the tough of position
Skin zone, to promote the bast of upper lower cut to heal respectively;
6, the blade that ring is carved to 5 ~ 8cm of position or more gently removes, and takes the plastic film of one piece of 10cm*15cm, is rolled into cylindrical shape
It is wrapped at ring quarter, is tightened lower end with plastic ties, and make the centre for being located at film at ring quarter, matrix is filled into plastic film
In, film upper end is tightened with plastic ties, for convenience of watering, film upper end, then will be on film than the pine that lower end is pricked
End arranges funnel, is watered in film upper end with plastic squeeze bottle, and water is given birth to being advisable from film lower end outflow droplet for branch
Root creates the environment of dark moist.
7, every 7 ~ 15 days, poured in film upper end it is primary permeable, can be appropriate if rainwater is frequently or air humidity is higher
Reduce irrigation times.
8, it cultivates 5 ~ 6 months, you can see that branch has formed more flourishing root system in the matrix wrapped up at ring quarter, this
When, the branch taken root is cut from maternal plant, removes plastic film and is sprinkled profoundly water in transplanting to the nutritive cube equipped with matrix,
Sunshade net is drawn to shade at the 1m of ground, hardening can be placed in natural environment and cultivate for 15 days, and survival rate is planted up to 100%
Strain is healthy and strong, and the speed of growth is fast.
Experimental result is as follows:
Luxuriant and rich with fragrance oily fruit air layering mating system provided in this embodiment, chooses 100 branches and carries out control press strip, rooting rate is up to
98%, acclimatization and transplants survival rate up to 100%, and cultivate robust plant, the speed of growth is fast, can keep the merit of maternal plant;
And seed propagation is easy to happen variation, cutting propagation is taken root difficulty, and the death rate is up to 35%, tissue cultures again because material easily
Browning, survival rate are almost nil.Therefore, compared to traditional mating system, the present invention has rooting rate height, survival rate height, can protect
Hold the advantage that maternal plant merit, plant are larger, the speed of growth is fast.
Embodiment 2:
It is with the difference of embodiment 1, filling substrate is perlite, vermiculite, peat soil with 1:2:2 volume ratio uniformly mixing and
At.
Embodiment 3:
It is with the difference of embodiment 1, filling substrate is perlite, vermiculite, peat soil with 1:4:5 volume ratio uniformly mixing and
At nutritive cube mesostroma is perlite, vermiculite, peat soil, decomposed manure with 1:2:4:0.5 volume ratio uniformly mixing and
At.
Embodiment 4:
It is with the difference of embodiment 1, filling substrate includes peat soil, perlite, needles of pinus massoniana, with 3:1:1 volume ratio is equal
Even mixing, the smartweed juice that the 1-5% of total weight is added are formulated, the filling substrate, especially masson pine and smartweed juice plus
Enter, not only inhibit rings cut bacterium growth, can with hestening rooting, and conducive to ensure filling substrate gas permeability, to press strip
The success rate effect of improving a lot.
Luxuriant and rich with fragrance oily fruit air layering mating system provided in this embodiment, chooses 100 branches and carries out control press strip, rooting rate
Up to 99%, acclimatization and transplants survival rate up to 100%, and cultivate robust plant, the speed of growth is fast, can keep the Optimality of maternal plant
Shape.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of method of luxuriant and rich with fragrance oily fruit air layering breeding, includes the following steps:
The first step:The foundation of seed forest;
Second step:Press strip material selection:The air layering time is annual 4 ~ May of spring or 9 ~ October of autumn, on elite stand
Choose the oily fruit branch item of phenanthrene of life in 2 years and the above robust growth, no disease and pests harm;
Third walks:Ring is carved:Gently ring is carved at away from 10 ~ 15 cm of shoot apex, and it is 3 ~ 5 mm that ring, which carves width, and removes ring quarter portion
Blade above and below point at 5 ~ 8cm;
4th step:Smear hormone:Wound is carved in ring, smears hormone;
5th step:Wrapping:It with plastic foil, is wrapped at ring quarter, tightens the lower end of plastic foil, matrix is filled into plastic foil,
And make to be located in the middle part of plastic foil at ring quarter, after being watered with water, upper end is tightened, and arrange funnel, so that the later stage waters;
6th step:Final-period management and transplanting:Air layering breeding cycle is 5 ~ 6 months, every 7 ~ 15 days, is held on a plastic film
A water is poured, was grown through 5 ~ 6 months, lower end of the branch for forming root system from ring quarter is cut, transplanting to nutritive cube.
2. a kind of method of luxuriant and rich with fragrance oily fruit air layering breeding according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the foundation of seed forest
Point is smooth plot, fertile soil, drains good, soil subacidity(PH value 6.0 ~ 6.5)Soil, elite stand seeding row spacing be 2m*
3m, the age of tree are 2 ~ 5 years.
3. a kind of method of luxuriant and rich with fragrance oily fruit air layering breeding according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the air layering time is
Annual 4 ~ May of spring.
4. a kind of method of luxuriant and rich with fragrance oily fruit air layering breeding according to claim 1, which is characterized in that hormone is a concentration of
No. 6 root-inducing powders of ABT or indolebutyric acid of 800 ~ 1200ppm.
5. a kind of method of luxuriant and rich with fragrance oily fruit air layering breeding according to claim 1, which is characterized in that filling substrate is pearl
Rock, vermiculite, peat soil are with 1:2~4:2 ~ 5 volume ratio is uniformly mixed.
6. a kind of method of luxuriant and rich with fragrance oily fruit air layering breeding according to claim 1, which is characterized in that before filling substrate use
High pressure sterilization is carried out to mixed-matrix with high-pressure sterilizing pot, sterilising conditions are 121 DEG C of heat preservation 60min of pressure 0.1MPa temperature.
7. a kind of method of luxuriant and rich with fragrance oily fruit air layering breeding according to claim 1, which is characterized in that ring is carved ring used and carved
Knife uses the alcohol soaking disinfection preceding needed with 75%.
8. a kind of method of luxuriant and rich with fragrance oily fruit air layering breeding according to claim 1, which is characterized in that nutritive cube mesostroma is
Perlite, vermiculite, peat soil, decomposed manure are with 1:2~3:3~4:0.5 volume ratio is uniformly mixed.
9. a kind of method of luxuriant and rich with fragrance oily fruit air layering breeding according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the first step elite stand
In spring and autumn, the transplanting elite stand age is 2 ~ 5 years for transplanting selection, and band soil ball is transplanted, and is 20 ~ 50cm according to age of tree soil ball diameter.
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| CN201810413990.XA CN108684348A (en) | 2018-05-03 | 2018-05-03 | A kind of method of luxuriant and rich with fragrance oily fruit air layering breeding |
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| CN201810413990.XA CN108684348A (en) | 2018-05-03 | 2018-05-03 | A kind of method of luxuriant and rich with fragrance oily fruit air layering breeding |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110800577A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-02-18 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Breeding method for rapid blooming of polygonum capitatum flowers |
| CN112273076A (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-01-29 | 浙江聚禾农业发展有限公司 | Method for grafting and breeding ficus tikoua |
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| CN103749124A (en) * | 2014-01-07 | 2014-04-30 | 四川胜泽源农业投资有限公司 | Japanese maple air layering propagation method |
| CN104221639A (en) * | 2013-06-14 | 2014-12-24 | 铜仁市金农绿色农业科技有限公司 | Blueberry root growth promoting method employing nutritive pot for seedling raising by cutting |
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| CN104221639A (en) * | 2013-06-14 | 2014-12-24 | 铜仁市金农绿色农业科技有限公司 | Blueberry root growth promoting method employing nutritive pot for seedling raising by cutting |
| CN103749124A (en) * | 2014-01-07 | 2014-04-30 | 四川胜泽源农业投资有限公司 | Japanese maple air layering propagation method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110800577A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-02-18 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Breeding method for rapid blooming of polygonum capitatum flowers |
| CN112273076A (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-01-29 | 浙江聚禾农业发展有限公司 | Method for grafting and breeding ficus tikoua |
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Application publication date: 20181023 |