CN103733849B - A kind of golden camellia old branch cuttage propagation method - Google Patents
A kind of golden camellia old branch cuttage propagation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103733849B CN103733849B CN201310739839.2A CN201310739839A CN103733849B CN 103733849 B CN103733849 B CN 103733849B CN 201310739839 A CN201310739839 A CN 201310739839A CN 103733849 B CN103733849 B CN 103733849B
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of golden camellia old branch cuttage propagation method, and concrete steps include that seedbed prepares, nursery bed disinfection and sunshade, collections of transplanting, transplanting processes and the technical step such as management after cuttage, cuttage.The described Camellia nitidissima Chi transplanted as diameter 1.6～3.5cm, length 25～50cm is transplanted.The inventive method is easy, simple to operate, and survival rate is high, and nursery stock growing way is prosperous, is particularly suitable for golden camellia bonsai cultivation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of plant asexual propagation, the method being specifically related to the old branch cottage propagation of a kind of JINHUA Camellia sinensis.
Background technology
Camellia nitidissima Chi is evergreen shrubs or dungarunga, is rare plant in the world and famous and precious ornamental plant, is described as " plant kingdom giant panda ", " tea race queen ".Camellia nitidissima Chi not only can be viewed and admired, and its flower, leaf can tea making, be used as medicine, be medicine food dual purpose plant.Camellia nitidissima Chi height 2-6m, bark canescence, smooth, leaf alternate, wide lanceolar is to oblong.
Some plant can carry out asexual propagation, and the organ such as its stem of clip, leaf, root, bud inserts in soil, Sha Zhong, or is immersed in water, just can plant, make independent new plant after waiting until to take root.During different plant cuttage, condition being had different demand, in order to obtain substantial amounts of Camellia nitidissima Chi nursery stock, people have carried out amount reproduction experimental study by various methods.At present, Camellia nitidissima Chi breeding is bred mainly by methods such as cuttage, press strip, group training and graftings.Traditional cottage method is used mostly 1～2 year raw branch and breeds, and cutting is path branch, its below diameter 1.5cm.
Such as " a kind of method of Camellia nitidissima Chi cutting propagation " that number of patent application is 201210158282.9, select robust plant, without the JINHUA Camellia sinensis body of pest and disease damage as female parent, the branch gathering life in 1～2 year prepares cuttage material.Specifically include: realize both saving infrastructure input by building small-sized seedling growth greenhouse, be easily controlled again Seedling canopy humidity；The aerosol system being made up of humid control instrument, ultrasonic humidifier, water storage basin is set up in nursery place, ambient humidity in seedling raising process, sterilization and control humidifier such as through humid control instrument to nurseries' supplies nutritional solution accurately and to automatically feed, automaticity is high, increases substantially work efficiency；With the water-retaining agent of high Water absorption the disinfectant solution being prepared from by carbendazim absorbed and solidifies and become solid, shaped disinfectant solution, and and yellow soil, thin river sand constitute seedling medium, solid, shaped disinfectant solution is sustainable carries out nursing in 1～2 month to cutting；Implementation process also includes Camellia nitidissima Chi branch collection and processing method, the method for seedling management and process.The method of this invention scented tea cutting propagation has an advantage that automaticity is high, but owing to it needs to set up complicated system, exists and is unfavorable for promoting the use and cost height, complex procedures, needs the shortcomings such as nutrition supply, survival rate of seedling are not high.
Such as " cuttage breeding method of a kind of Camellia nitidissima Chi plant " that number of patent application is 201310075010.This propagation method be process cutting time from cutting, substrate selection, condition of culture, each points for attention carry out the matching technique study of Camellia nitidissima Chi plant cutting propagation, and emphatically some key links are improved.The clip of cutting: choose and gathered lignified branch before trees do not sprout early spring, select annual, not yet bloom, grow sturdy, lignifying, terminal bud is full, blade is complete, internode is shorter developmental branch bar is as cutting branch；Wrap up with wet towel after cutting branch clip, the long 8-10cm of cutting, every leaf of each cutting cuts off half, cutting with bud to extract bud, each cutting retains 2-3 bud, and upper clip is flat mouth, distance terminal bud 0.5-1.0cm, lower clip is flat mouth, and lower clip is below internode place or below leaf bud；Cutting branch shears latter 30 and is bundled into a bundle, and sterilize 2min in the carbendazim of disinfectant solution 5/1000ths concentration.
As number of patent application is 201310075010 201210586565 " a kind of thick branch cottage method of Camellia nitidissima Chi ", its method step includes: (1) Camellia nitidissima Chi elite stand is applied fertilizer；(2) elite stand carries out gibberellin treatment: with gibberellins spraying elite stand blade face；(3) side shoot band girdle process, choose side shoot to its girding, after smear band girdle mouth with ABT rooting powder solution, wrap up band girdle mouth with Polypropylence Sheet；(4) cuttage secateurs takes and pretreatment, clip cuttage branch, sterilizes after soaking 5～15h with ABT rooting powder solution；(5) seedbed is set up and cuttage, and first paving peat soil bottoming, repaves Xylene Red loam, finally paving granular solid matter perlite, in the usual way cuttage；(6) cuttage nursery bed management.The thick branch cottage method of JINHUA Camellia sinensis of the present invention can do sth. in advance cuttage branch rootage duration, is greatly improved cutting seedling survival rate, and survival rate can reach more than 95%, outplanting rate more than 90%；And easy and simple to handle, it is simple to the scale of Camellia nitidissima Chi seedling, intensive propagation production, accelerate Camellia nitidissima Chi and breed speed.The method is applicable to set up the entity and individual having Camellia nitidissima Chi maternal plant garden, need before clip cutting to carry out a series of loaded down with trivial details agricultural measures, branch for breeding is path branch, selected branch diameter is 0.5-1.5cm, it does not have solve the cutting propagation problem of big footpath Camellia nitidissima Chi uneducated person's branch of more than diameter 1.5cm.
In Camellia nitidissima Chi agricultural production, the operation of transplanting big tree often occurs.Need during Camellia nitidissima Chi transplanting big tree branch more than major branch is cut, in order to reduce the moisture content of trees after transplanting rising, improve transplanting survival rate.The path Camellia nitidissima Chi branch that the lifes in 2 years that cut are following, is generally used for cottage propagation, and thick old branch is then discarded and do not used.Present invention aim at making up the deficiency of existing Camellia nitidissima Chi cottage breeding method, it is provided that a kind of one-tenth draws together the rate old branch cuttage breeding method of JINHUA Camellia sinensis high, application easy to spread.The method, it is crucial that the golden camellia old branch of clip is carried out taking root liquid immersion treatment, makes cuttage survival rate be improved, and shortens cuttage branch rootage duration, and survival rate can reach more than 95%, outplanting rate more than 90%.The method is easy and simple to handle, is beneficial to the intensive propagation production of Camellia nitidissima Chi seedling and popularization.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide the method for golden camellia old branch cottage propagation, and the method cuttage survival rate is high, and cuttage strain growing situation is prosperous.
The present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem with following technical scheme:
The step of the golden camellia old branch cuttage propagation method of the present invention is:
1, seedbed build: nursery soil consists of: Xylene Red loam 80～90% (mass ratio), all the other be clean pure thin river sand；Seedbed is set up the cool canopy of heights of roofs 1.6～1.7m, thereon cover sunshade net, make shade rate reach 60～70%.
2, nursery bed disinfection: irrigate seedbed with the water liquid of 50% sterilization ling 500 times or 70% thiophanate methyl 1000 extraordinarily 50% phoxim 1000 times.
3, transplant collection: transplanting is collected in Camellia nitidissima Chi and transplants the 1～June in season, spike length 25～50cm, fringe diameter of transplanting is 1.6～3.5cm, branch then retains half blade if any leaf, as then do not stayed leaf, top place straight snips without leaf, smear paraffin wax, base portion is cut into horse ear shape, and what cut transplants with 1000 aqueous solution soaking 2min of 70% thiophanate methyl.
4, transplant HORMONE TREATMENT: transplant and after leaving elite stand, in 24h, to soak taking root liquid.Transplant after soaking 20～24h in 80～100ppmABT taking root liquid, take out the ABT taking root liquid being put into 500ppm and soak 3～5h again, transplant and be as the criterion to flood base portion otch 2cm in taking root liquid soaking depth.
5, cuttage: 10～20cm in insertion nursery soil of transplanting, inserts and drenches seedbed with the ABT solution of 250ppm after skewer.
6, manage after cuttage: cuttage started trickle after 3 days, keep spraying every day to drench in 80 days and transplant 4 times, make soil moisture content keep 50～60%；After cuttage 80 days, spraying seedbed every day 1～2 time, soil moisture content keeps 30～40%；Skewer branch applies fertilizer in conjunction with trickle after taking root.
Compared with prior art, the invention have the advantages that
1, adopting the golden camellia old branch bar of more than diameter 1.6cm to carry out cottage propagation first, the age of Camellia nitidissima Chi branch is not intended to, and making over is not that the Camellia nitidissima Chi resource paid attention to is utilized effectively, and improves the economic benefit of Camellia nitidissima Chi plantation；
2, substep root-growing agent process of transplanting is taked first, transplant and first soak for a long time with low concentration taking root liquid, soak with the high concentration taking root liquid short time again, finally drench seedbed with taking root liquid, being easy to transplant and fully absorb taking root liquid, promote division and the differentiation of cell, inducing adventitious root is formed, improve cuttage survival rate, survival rate can reach more than 95%；
3, adopt length be the Camellia nitidissima Chi long shoot bar of more than 25cm as cutting, cutting is taken out plant height after sending out first time sprouting and is commonly reached more than 40cm, and cultivating large seedling goes out the garden time and at least does sth. in advance more than 1 year than the short skill bar cutting propagation of path；
4, Camellia nitidissima Chi branch savings in big footpath are nutritious, and it is prosperous to take out the sprouting growing situation sent out, and seedling quality is high, and outplanting rate is up to more than 90%；The nursery stock bred is except can be used for field planting, it may also be used for potted landscape is cultivated；Cuttage can fill Pengcheng's golden camellia bonsai after 2 years, and the golden camellia bonsai that the present invention cultivates is bloomed early, within the 3rd year, can cultivate wounded golden camellia bonsai；
5, operational approach of the present invention and equipment are simple, and technology is easily promoted, production economy high efficiency.
Detailed description of the invention:
Embodiment 1:
1. seedbed is built: seedbed width 1.2m, nursery soil mass ratio is: Xylene Red loam 80%, clean pure thin river sand 20%, sets up the cool canopy that heights of roofs is 1.7m, cover sunshade net thereon, make shade rate reach 65% on seedbed；
2. nursery bed disinfection: irrigate nursery soil with 70% thiophanate methyl 1000 extraordinarily 1000 times of water liquid of 50% phoxim；
3. transplant collection: gather spike length 40cm March, diameter is that the Camellia nitidissima Chi of 3.0cm is transplanted, and branch stays half leaf, top place straight snips, smears paraffin wax, and base portion is cut into horse ear shape, and what cut transplants with 1000 aqueous solutions sterilization 2min of 70% thiophanate methyl；
4., transplant HORMONE TREATMENT: transplant and after leaving elite stand, in 24h, to soak taking root liquid.Transplant after soaking 24h in 80ppmABT taking root liquid, take out the ABT taking root liquid being put into 500ppm and soak 3h again, transplant and be as the criterion to flood base portion otch 2cm in taking root liquid soaking depth.
5. cuttage: 15cm in insertion nursery soil of transplanting, inserts and drenches seedbed with the ABT solution of 250ppm after skewer；
6. managing after cuttage: cuttage started trickle after 3 days, keep spraying every day to drench and transplant 4 times in 80 days, soil moisture content keeps 50%；After cuttage 80 days, spraying seedbed every day 1～2 time, soil moisture content keeps 30%, and skewer branch applies fertilizer in conjunction with trickle after taking root.
Embodiment 2:
1. seedbed is set up: seedbed width 1.3m, nursery soil mass ratio is: Xylene Red loam 90%, clean pure thin river sand 10%, sets up the cool canopy that heights of roofs is 1.6m, cover sunshade net thereon, make shade rate reach 70% on seedbed；
2. nursery bed disinfection: irrigate nursery soil with 50% sterilization ling 500 extraordinarily 1000 times of water liquid of 50% phoxim；
3. transplant collection: gather spike length 30cm May, diameter is that the Camellia nitidissima Chi of 2.0cm is transplanted, and branch does not stay leaf, top place straight snips, smears paraffin wax, and base portion is cut into ear shape, and what cut transplants with 1000 aqueous solutions sterilizations of 70% thiophanate methyl；
4., transplant HORMONE TREATMENT: transplant and after leaving elite stand, in 24h, to soak taking root liquid.Transplant after soaking 20h in 100ppmABT taking root liquid, take out the ABT taking root liquid being put into 500ppm of transplanting and soak 3～5h again, transplant and be as the criterion to flood base portion otch 2cm in taking root liquid soaking depth.
5. cuttage: 10cm in insertion nursery soil of transplanting, inserts and drenches seedbed with the ABT solution of 250ppm after skewer；
6. manage after cuttage: cuttage started trickle after 3 days, keep spraying every day to drench in 80 days and transplant 4 times, make soil moisture content keep 60%；After cuttage 80 days, spraying seedbed every day 1～2 time, soil moisture content keeps 35%, and skewer branch applies fertilizer in conjunction with trickle after taking root.
Claims (1)
1. a golden camellia old branch cuttage propagation method, it is characterised in that described propagation method comprises the following steps:
(1) seedbed build: nursery soil mass ratio is: Xylene Red loam 80～90%, all the other be clean pure thin river sand；Seedbed is built shade rate be 60～70%, the cool canopy of height 1.6～1.7m；
(2) nursery bed disinfection: irrigate nursery soil with 70% thiophanate methyl 1000 extraordinarily 1000 times of water liquid of 50% phoxim, or irrigate nursery soil with 50% sterilization ling 500 extraordinarily 1000 times of water liquid of 50% phoxim；
(3) transplanting collection: the collection period of transplanting is 1～June, top place straight snips smears paraffin wax, and base portion is cut into the shape of a hoof, and what cut transplants with 1000 times of aqueous solutions sterilizations of 70% thiophanate methyl；
(4) transplant HORMONE TREATMENT: transplant and after leaving elite stand, in 24h, to soak taking root liquid, transplant and be as the criterion to flood base portion otch 2cm in taking root liquid soaking depth；
(5) cuttage: 10～20cm in insertion nursery soil of transplanting；
(6) manage after cuttage: cuttage started trickle after 3 days, keep spraying every day to drench in 80 days and transplant 4 times, make soil moisture content keep 50～60%；After cuttage 80 days, spraying seedbed every day 1～2 time, soil moisture content keeps 30～40%；After skewer branch is taken root, trickle carries out in conjunction with fertilising；
The described golden camellia old branch for long 25～50cm, diameter 1.6～3.5cm of transplanting；
Described HORMONE TREATMENT of transplanting is taken out the ABT taking root liquid being put into 500ppm and is soaked 3～5h again after soaking 20～24h for transplanting in 80～100ppmABT taking root liquid；
Described cuttage, inserts and drenches seedbed with the ABT solution of 250ppm after skewer.
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| CN102986445B (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2015-05-20 | 广西桂人堂金花茶产业集团股份有限公司 | Process for cutting thick branches of golden camellia |
| CN103125244A (en) * | 2013-03-09 | 2013-06-05 | 福建农林大学 | Cutting propagation method of golden camellia plants |
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