CN101611678A - A kind of method for cultivating flemingia macrophylla seedlings - Google Patents
A kind of method for cultivating flemingia macrophylla seedlings Download PDFInfo
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- CN101611678A CN101611678A CN200810115421A CN200810115421A CN101611678A CN 101611678 A CN101611678 A CN 101611678A CN 200810115421 A CN200810115421 A CN 200810115421A CN 200810115421 A CN200810115421 A CN 200810115421A CN 101611678 A CN101611678 A CN 101611678A
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of method for cultivating flemingia macrophylla seedlings, this method comprises the steps: that flemingia macrophylla pulls out seed and chooses seeds, dries with the cold water soak method earlier, then seed is placed 80～98% concentrated sulfuric acids to soak seed 10～100 minutes, it is clean with flushing with clean water to filter out seed again, then flemingia macrophylla is pulled out seed and broadcast in the nutrition soil in the nutritious bag, cultivate; Seedling watered with thin night soil execute or topdress with nitrogen, phosphorus, K composite fertilizer, and with 500～2000 times of liquid of 50～90% thiophanate methyl wetting powders pre-disease prevention of spraying; When height of seedling reaches 20～30 centimetres, be transplanted to the land for growing field crops.The present invention utilizes flemingia macrophylla to pull out the cultivating seeds nursery stock, and grain weight is big, and it is convenient to collect seed, and the outplanting rate height easily obtains a large amount of nursery stocks, grows seedlings then to go out the garden field planting then; Cost is low, is convenient to obtain a large amount of nursery stocks.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of breeding method of medicinal plant, specifically, relate to the seed seedling-raising method that a kind of flemingia macrophylla pulls out, belong to field of plant growing technology.
Background technology
Flemingia macrophylla pulls out [Flemingia macrophylla (Willd.) Merr.], belongs to Papilionaceae (Papilionaceae) Moghania (Flemingia) plant, calls false black beans grass, drawn grain tree, folder eyelid fruit.The upright fruticuli of plant, high 2～3.5 meters, the yellow pubescence of the close life of spray.Leaflet 3, the wide lanceolar of terminal leaflet, long 6～20cm, wide 3～9cm, tip be point gradually, the short point of tool, the base portion wedge shape does not have hair usually, along vein yellow pubescence is arranged below, and base goes out 3 in arteries and veins; The adnation leaflet is less, deflection, and base goes out 2 in arteries and veins; Petiole has narrow wing, and pubescence is arranged.The raceme armpit is given birth to, spend many and close, the faint yellow pubescence of all close life of preface axle and bennet; Calyx mitriform, calyx tooth 5, lanceolar, a bottom tooth is longer, the outside hairiness; The corolla aubergine is about 1cm; Ovary has the silk hair.The pod ellipse is about 1.5cm, and brown has pubescence; 1～2 in seed, sphere, black.7～September of florescence, the fruit 10～December of phase, the result while blooming.Root often has branch, and the root head often is nodositas and expands, and diameter can reach 10cm, and residual stem foot is thicker, and laterally hole skin is more obvious on the surface, section xylem yellow-white or pale red.Be distributed in provinces such as Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou, Guangdong, Guangxi, Jiangxi, Fujian, Hainan, Taiwan.Be born in spacious meadow or the shrubbery.
Largeleaf flemingia root is used as medicine, and is the very heavy substitute of pulling out of climing property on the present domestic market, has wind-damp dispelling, the arteries and veins of invigorating blood circulation, and the effect of strengthening the bones and muscles is used for the treatment for the treatment of rheumatic ostealgia, lumbar muscle strain etc.Flemingia macrophylla pulls out the good host who can be used as the resource insect lacca, because of it has that adaptability is strong, breeding and culturing easily, livings, drought-enduring, the impoverishment tolerant of speed, sprouting power be strong, produce colloidality can wait comprehensive good characteristic well, in China's lac production, apply.Leaf, spray that flemingia macrophylla pulls out are rich in crude protein, can be used as the feed of domestic animal.Its well developed root system, speed are given birth to, and can utilize rhizobium fixed nitrogen, can be used as hot-zone water and soil conservation, recover the important species that degeneration is ploughed.
Very heavy pulling out because of its medicinal part is the root of plant, and the destruction to resource and ecotope when gathering is very big.Through development and use for many years, resource is successively decreased year by year, very heavy the pulling out of especially climing property, owing to excavate for a long time, resource is exhausted day by day, now has been difficult to adopt this species in the original more place of production that distributes.Flemingia macrophylla pulls out as the very heavy substitute of pulling out of climing property, is faced with the threat of resource exhaustion equally, and the market sales volume increases year by year, and price rises steadily.As the Chinese patent drug of raw material production FUKE QIANJIN PIAN, infusion of cherokee rose and spatholobus stem, loins-strengthening and kidney-invigorating bolus etc. are arranged with the very heavy root that pulls out.Market has very big capacity.
In order to protect wild resource and ecotope, ensure the raw material supplying of enterprise, must the development artificial planting.It is to realize tame primary technical problem that a large amount of nursery stocks are provided.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is the needs that pull out at the artificial cultivation flemingia macrophylla, provide a kind of simple to operate, cost is low, is convenient to obtain the breeding method of a large amount of nursery stocks.
In order to realize the object of the invention, a kind of method for cultivating flemingia macrophylla seedlings of the present invention, this method comprises the steps:
1) handle seed: flemingia macrophylla pulls out seed and chooses seeds, dries with the cold water soak method earlier, then seed is placed 80～98% (being preferably 98%) concentrated sulfuric acid to soak seed 10～100 minutes, preferred seed soaking 20～30 minutes, the seed that filters out is clean with flushing with clean water, standby again;
2) prepare nutritious bag: select to have end punching plastic sheeting for farm use bag, the nutrition soil of packing in the bag, nutrition soil proportioning percentage by weight is: native country 70～90%, fertilizer 5～20%, dragon's blood slag 1～10%, calcium magnesium phosphorus 1～10%;
3) cultivate seedling: flemingia macrophylla is pulled out seed broadcast in the nutrition soil in the nutritious bag, cultivate; Seedling watered with thin night soil execute or topdress with nitrogen, phosphorus, K composite fertilizer, and with 500～2000 times of (being preferably 1000 times) liquid sprayings of 50～90% (being preferably 70%) thiophanate methyl wetting powder; When height of seedling reaches 20～30 centimetres, be transplanted to the land for growing field crops.
Wherein, flemingia macrophylla of the present invention pulls out seed demand and selects clean seed, with the seed airing after plucking 3～5 days, sows or storage again.
The preferred proportioning of nutrition soil percentage by weight is: native country 80～85%, fertilizer 5～10%, dragon's blood slag 3～8%, calcium magnesium phosphorus 1～3%.
Flemingia macrophylla of the present invention pulls out seed and also can grow seedlings on the seedbed earlier, then in being transplanted to nutritious bag.Seedling raising process in the seedbed is specially:
Set up the vernalization seedbed earlier: furrow are made in the seedbed, fill clean river sand or composite interstitial substance in the furrow; Described composite interstitial substance percentage by weight is: spun yarn 80～90%, burn soil 10～20%;
Sow vernalization then: seed is spread uniformly on the matrix that is layered in the seedbed, and in seed upper cover last layer matrix, do not expose with seed be as the criterion (is 0.5～1.0 centimetre such as thickness), every square metre of sowing 150～200 grams after planting use 500～1000 times of carbendazim (being preferably 800 times) liquid liquid medicine to water once; The control seedling bed temperature is between 25～35 ℃;
Transplant seedlings again: high 3～6 centimetres when seedling, when having 1～2 true leaf, be transplanted in the nutritious bag and cultivate.
Select to ventilate in described seedbed, physical features is smooth, water easily that the plot is good, is arranged at green house Nei Gengjia certainly.Every square metre of sowing 150～200 gram seeds.
The present invention can build archy gallery on the seedbed, method is: make the bow type with bamboo chip, the furrow limit is inserted at two, and ceiling is high 120～150 centimetres, plastic sheeting for farm use on the bow member upper cover, and the sunshade net with 50～60% shades.By hiding and open plastic sheeting for farm use, the control temperature of shed is between 25～35 ℃.Keep medium of seedling bed moistening, germination rate can reach 90%.
Transplant seedlings for convenience, in the previous day of transplanting seedlings, the nutrition soil in the moistening nutritious bag that should suitably water.When transplanting seedlings,, plant in nutritious bag then by the careful lifting from medium of seedling bed of utensils such as little bamboo chip.In time water behind the seedling replanting, the sunshade net with 60～70% shades.
Should remove shading screen in preceding 10 days going out the garden, allow seedling accept exercise, outplanting rate can reach 95%.
The present invention carries out the concentrated sulfuric acid with seed and handles, and guarantees that seed germination is neat, and germination rate is higher.
The present invention utilizes flemingia macrophylla to pull out the cultivating seeds nursery stock, and grain weight is big, and it is convenient to collect seed, and the outplanting rate height easily obtains a large amount of nursery stocks, grows seedlings then to go out the garden field planting then; Cost is low, is convenient to obtain a large amount of nursery stocks.
Embodiment
Following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
The 11～December in every year, the most of pod of plant transfers the seed of gathering when brown, pod partly split to by green.With secateurs gunnysack is cut, put into to pod together with fruit ear, transport on the spacious concrete floor and be exposed to the sun 3～5 days, treat the most of cracking of kind of folder after, beat with waddy, seed is spun off from kind of folder, obtain clean seed after removing impurity such as shell, with seed airing 3～5 days again, standby.
Choose seeds, dry with the cold water soak method then, again seed is placed 98% concentrated sulfuric acid seed soaking 20 minutes, in the seed soaking process, stir seed gently, make seed soaking evenly.After seed soaking finishes, filter out seed and clean with flushing with clean water repeatedly immediately, broadcast then in the casting bed that matrix is river sand, 0.8 ± 0.2 centimetre of the degree of depth, every square metre of sowing 180 ± 20 grams.After planting water once immediately with 800 times of liquid liquid medicine of carbendazim.Sunshade net with 50% shades.
And build the plastic sheeting for farm use archy gallery: make the bow type with bamboo chip, the furrow limit is inserted at two, and ceiling is high 150 centimetres, is separated by 1 meter and inserts one, plastic sheeting for farm use on the bow member upper cover.By hiding and open plastic sheeting for farm use, the control temperature of shed is between 30 ± 5 ℃.Watering keeps medium of seedling bed moistening, and percentage of seedgermination can reach 90%.
When seedling height reach 3～6 centimetres, when having 1～2 true leaf, by the careful lifting from medium of seedling bed of utensils such as little bamboo chip, be transplanted to then that (nutrition soil prescription is: native country 85% in the nutritious bag that installs nutrition soil in advance, fertilizer 9%, dragon's blood slag 5%, fused calcium magnesium phosphate 1%, fertilizer, dragon's blood slag and fused calcium magnesium phosphate all are commercially available) cultivate.Seedling after the transplanting in time waters sufficient water, with concealment degree of covering is that 65 ± 5% sunshade net shades, after treating that seedling recovers growth fully, water with thin night soil and to execute (water Shi Houying at every turn and water plant with clear water immediately) 1～2 time, later on according to the growing way situation, in conjunction with weeding, to topdress with nitrogen, phosphorus, K composite fertilizer, 0.6 ± 0.1 gram is executed in each strain.With 1000 times of liquid of 70% thiophanate methyl wetting powder pre-disease prevention of spraying.
When height of seedling reaches 20～30 centimetres of left and right sides, remove the sunshade net, allow seedling accept exercise.Separate net and can go out the garden field planting in back 10 days.Outplanting rate can reach 95%.
Embodiment 2
Basic process is with embodiment 1, different is: through 80% sulfuric acid seed soaking 30 minutes, the flemingia macrophylla after the processing pulled out seed and broadcasts in the composite interstitial substance, and composite interstitial substance percentage by weight is: spun yarn 85%, the baked wheaten cake soil that sieves (sieve aperture of diameter 4mm) 15%, 0.5 centimetre of sowing depth.After planting water once immediately with 1000 times of liquid liquid medicine of carbendazim.
When cultivating in the nutritious bag, adopt 500 times of liquid of 50% thiophanate methyl wetting powder pre-disease prevention of spraying.
Embodiment 3
Basic process is with embodiment 1, different was: through 70% sulfuric acid seed soaking 100 minutes, flemingia macrophylla after the processing pulls out seed and directly broadcasts in the interior nutrition soil of nutritious bag, nutrition soil prescription is: native country 80%, fertilizer 8%, dragon's blood slag 8%, fused calcium magnesium phosphate 3%, sow 3～4 for every bag, the degree of depth does not expose with seed is advisable.Treat behind the seed germination that seedling is long and carry out thinning during to certain altitude, remove weak seedling, keep strain strong sprout.
Embodiment 4
Basic process is with embodiment 1, and different is: composite interstitial substance percentage by weight is: spun yarn 90%, the baked wheaten cake soil that sieves (sieve aperture of diameter 4mm) 10%; After planting water once immediately with 500 times of liquid liquid medicine of carbendazim.
Nutrition soil prescription is: native country 90%, fertilizer 5%, dragon's blood slag 3%, fused calcium magnesium phosphate 2%.Adopt 2000 times of liquid of 90% thiophanate methyl wetting powder pre-disease prevention of spraying.
Embodiment 5
Basic process is with embodiment 1, and different is that nutrition soil prescription is: native country 70%, fertilizer 20%, dragon's blood slag 1%, fused calcium magnesium phosphate 9%.
Though above the present invention is described in detail with a general description of the specific embodiments, on basis of the present invention, can make some modifications or improvements it, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Therefore, these modifications or improvements all belong to the scope of protection of present invention without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a method for cultivating flemingia macrophylla seedlings is characterized in that, this method comprises the steps:
1) handle seed: flemingia macrophylla pulls out seed and chooses seeds, dries with the cold water soak method earlier, then seed is placed 80～98% concentrated sulfuric acids to soak seed 10～100 minutes, and is the seed that filters out is clean with flushing with clean water, standby again;
2) prepare nutritious bag: select to have end punching plastic sheeting for farm use bag, the nutrition soil of packing in the bag, nutrition soil proportioning percentage by weight is: native country 70～90%, fertilizer 5～20%, dragon's blood slag 1～10%, calcium magnesium phosphorus 1～10%;
3) cultivate seedling: flemingia macrophylla is pulled out seed broadcast in the nutrition soil in the nutritious bag, cultivate; Seedling watered with thin night soil execute or topdress with nitrogen, phosphorus, K composite fertilizer, and with 500～2000 times of liquid sprayings of 50～90% thiophanate methyl wetting powders; When height of seedling reaches 20～30 centimetres, be transplanted to the land for growing field crops.
2. method for cultivating flemingia macrophylla seedlings according to claim 1 is characterized in that this method comprises the steps:
1) handle seed: flemingia macrophylla pulls out seed and chooses seeds, dries with the cold water soak method earlier, then seed is placed 98% concentrated sulfuric acid to soak seed 20～30 minutes, and is the seed that filters out is clean with flushing with clean water, standby again;
2) prepare nutritious bag: select to have end punching plastic sheeting for farm use bag, the nutrition soil of packing in the bag, nutrition soil proportioning percentage by weight is: native country 80～85%, fertilizer 5～10%, dragon's blood slag 3～8%, calcium magnesium phosphorus 1～3%;
3) cultivate seedling: flemingia macrophylla is pulled out seed broadcast in the nutrition soil in the nutritious bag, cultivate; Seedling watered with thin night soil execute or topdress with nitrogen, phosphorus, K composite fertilizer, and with 1000 times of liquid sprayings of 70% thiophanate methyl wetting powder; When height of seedling reaches 20～30 centimetres, be transplanted to the land for growing field crops.
3. method for cultivating flemingia macrophylla seedlings according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described flemingia macrophylla pulls out seed and grows seedlings on the seedbed earlier, and then is transplanted in the nutritious bag.
4. method for cultivating flemingia macrophylla seedlings according to claim 3 is characterized in that, the seedling raising process in described seedbed is:
Set up the vernalization seedbed earlier: furrow are made in the seedbed, fill clean river sand or composite interstitial substance in the furrow;
Sow vernalization then: seed is spread on the matrix that is layered in the seedbed uniformly, and in seed upper cover last layer matrix, do not expose being as the criterion with seed, every square metre of sowing 150～200 grams, after planting once with 500～1000 times of liquid liquid medicine pourings of carbendazim; The control seedling bed temperature is between 25～35 ℃;
Transplant seedlings again: high 3～6 centimetres when seedling, when having 1～2 true leaf, be transplanted in the nutritious bag and cultivate.
5. method for cultivating flemingia macrophylla seedlings according to claim 4 is characterized in that, select to ventilate in described seedbed, smooth, the plot easily of watering of physical features.
6. according to claim 4 or 5 described method for cultivating flemingia macrophylla seedlings, it is characterized in that described carbendazim is 800 times of liquid liquid medicine.
7, according to any described method for cultivating flemingia macrophylla seedlings of claim 4-6, it is characterized in that, on the seedbed, build archy gallery control temperature, method is: make the bow type with bamboo chip, the furrow limit is inserted at two, ceiling is high 120～150 centimetres, plastic sheeting for farm use on the bow member upper cover, and the sunshade net with 50～60% shades.
8. according to any described method for cultivating flemingia macrophylla seedlings of claim 4-7, it is characterized in that the thickness of matrix is 0.5～1.0 centimetre on the seed.
9. according to any described method for cultivating flemingia macrophylla seedlings of claim 4-8, it is characterized in that in time water behind the seedling replanting, the sunshade net with 60～70% shades.
10. according to any described method for cultivating flemingia macrophylla seedlings of claim 4-9, it is characterized in that, going out garden releasing in preceding 10 days shading screen.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103392462A (en) * | 2013-06-24 | 2013-11-20 | 江苏汤氏园林有限公司 | Seedling growing and forest planting method for castanopsis sclerophylla trees |
| CN103766041A (en) * | 2014-01-22 | 2014-05-07 | 江西省鑫隆农业发展有限公司 | Germination accelerating method and planting method for flemingia philippinensis |
| CN104106354A (en) * | 2013-05-22 | 2014-10-22 | 江西邓志平园林绿化有限公司 | Cinnamomum bodinieri seedling culturing technique |
| CN104145561A (en) * | 2014-08-01 | 2014-11-19 | 兰州大学 | Method for atriplex canescens seed germination |
| CN104472060A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-04-01 | 广西壮族自治区药用植物园 | Method for increasing germination rate of flemingiaphilippinensis seeds |
| CN110121977A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-08-16 | 广西壮族自治区药用植物园 | The method for abolishing Flemingia philippinensis seed dormancy |
| CN113367038A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-09-10 | 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园 | Seed breeding method of spatholobus suberectus |
-
2008
- 2008-06-23 CN CN200810115421A patent/CN101611678A/en active Pending
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104106354A (en) * | 2013-05-22 | 2014-10-22 | 江西邓志平园林绿化有限公司 | Cinnamomum bodinieri seedling culturing technique |
| CN103392462A (en) * | 2013-06-24 | 2013-11-20 | 江苏汤氏园林有限公司 | Seedling growing and forest planting method for castanopsis sclerophylla trees |
| CN103392462B (en) * | 2013-06-24 | 2015-04-01 | 江苏汤氏园林有限公司 | Seedling growing and forest planting method for castanopsis sclerophylla trees |
| CN103766041A (en) * | 2014-01-22 | 2014-05-07 | 江西省鑫隆农业发展有限公司 | Germination accelerating method and planting method for flemingia philippinensis |
| CN104145561A (en) * | 2014-08-01 | 2014-11-19 | 兰州大学 | Method for atriplex canescens seed germination |
| CN104472060A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-04-01 | 广西壮族自治区药用植物园 | Method for increasing germination rate of flemingiaphilippinensis seeds |
| CN104472060B (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2016-08-17 | 广西壮族自治区药用植物园 | A kind of method improving Flemingia philippinensis percentage of seedgermination |
| CN110121977A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-08-16 | 广西壮族自治区药用植物园 | The method for abolishing Flemingia philippinensis seed dormancy |
| CN113367038A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-09-10 | 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园 | Seed breeding method of spatholobus suberectus |
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