CN107567964A - A kind of high yield cultivating method of Snakegourd Fruit - Google Patents
A kind of high yield cultivating method of Snakegourd Fruit Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high yield cultivating method of Snakegourd Fruit, it is related to Snakegourd Fruit technical field of cultivation, comprises the following steps：Selection of land, site preparation, root tuber processing, cave load, seedling management, harvesting, overwinter management.Growth characteristics of the invention according to Snakegourd Fruit, design simultaneously Optimum Cultivation method, post-trenching groove is turned over into plot, and lay grit layer, air-permeable layer, nutritive layer, native soil in groove successively from bottom to top, root tuber breeds survival rate height, and this method can improve soil activation, beneficial to the sturdy development of its root system, root system pest and disease damage incidence is reduced, the yield and quality of Snakegourd Fruit fruit is improved, there is good promotional value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Snakegourd Fruit technical field of cultivation, more particularly to a kind of high yield cultivating method of Snakegourd Fruit.
Background technology
Snakegourd Fruit is the ripening fruits of cucurbitaceous plant snakegourd and Chinese snakegourd.Snakegourd climbs up by holding on to liana to be perennial, is grown on
In hillside sylvan life, shrubbery below 1800 meters of height above sea level, by meadow and field wing, widely cultivated in distributing region, be distributed in China
North, East China, Central-South and Liaoning, Shaanxi, Gansu, Sichuan, Guizhou Yunnan；Chinese snakegourd is born in hillside sylvan life, shrubbery and thick grass, point
It is distributed in Southern Shaanxi, the southeast of Gansu, Jiangxi, the Hubei west and south, STRUCTURES IN EAST SICHUAN, Guizhou, northeast of Yunnan.Fruit begins with white
Powder is simultaneously harvested when becoming faint yellow, and ripe a collection of harvesting is a collection of, is cut with scissors connecting stem away from the centimeters of fruit 15, suspension ventilation is dry
Dry place dries.
Although Snakegourd Fruit plantation is with a long history, large-scale planting technology is ripe not enough, and it is irrational existing to there is not science
Shape, cause Snakegourd Fruit to yield poorly and poor quality, the market demand can not be met.
The content of the invention
Based on technical problem existing for background technology, the present invention proposes a kind of high yield cultivating method of Snakegourd Fruit, according to melon
The growth characteristics of beach wormwood, are designed and Optimum Cultivation method, root tuber breed survival rate height, can promote the sturdy development of Snakegourd Fruit root system, drop
Low root system pest and disease damage incidence, improve the yield and quality of Snakegourd Fruit fruit.
A kind of high yield cultivating method of Snakegourd Fruit proposed by the present invention, comprises the following steps：
S1, selection of land：Selection irrigation and drainage are good, the plot of deep fertile, gentle slope on the sunny side the chiltern earth of soil layer, spread fertilizer over the fields quick lime,
Deep ploughing is digged, sterilizing；
S2, site preparation：Every mu of organic fertilizer 1500-2000kg, then intertillage are digged, and open the ditch that 30cm is wide, 30-40cm is deep
Groove, lays grit layer, air-permeable layer, nutritive layer, native soil in groove successively from bottom to top, and the line-spacing between groove is 2-3m, built,
The high 2.0-2.5m of frame；The grit layer is by particle diameter 0.5-1mm coarse sands and particle diameter 1-3mm rubble according to 1：1-2 mass ratio group
Into the air-permeable layer is by powder of straw, wheat bran and water-loss reducer according to 3-5：0.5-1：0.1-0.2 mass ratio composition, the nutrition
Layer is by decomposed poultry-dung, pine soil, peat soil, bacteria residue according to 5-7：3-5：2-4：0.2-0.4 mass ratio composition, the original soil
Layer is the upper layer of soil after organic fertilizer；
S3, root tuber processing：The breeding Snakegourd Fruit root tuber of the high 2-3 lifes of growth selection stalwartness, no disease and pests harm, yield, section
For white no disease and pests harm, the kind root of 5-6cm length is cut into, Exposure to Sunlight 2-3h, is immersed in 1.5% bacterium line prestige, 3500 times of decoction immersion 20-
30min, take out, dry；
S4, cave carry：Kind of a root cave is downloaded in groove, cave depth is 10cm, spacing in the rows 1.2-1.5m, is watered, above the load of cave
One layer of stalk is covered on soil, ground moistening is kept, stalk is removed when seedling is broken ground；
S5, seedling management：Growth period is suitably watered, and is kept field moistening, with reference to shallow plowing weeding, is applied base in the fall every year
Top dressing 2-3 times on the basis of fertilizer, budding period, florescence, best fruiting period difference top dressing；When seedling grows to 25-35cm, every plant stay it is sturdy
Vines 2-3 bars, remaining it is weak it is climing wipe out entirely, vines is grown up around support, carry out in time dredge leaf training so that plant strain growth
It is vigorous；At the florescence, when selecting morning 8-9, male pollen is dipped with writing brush, artificial pollination is carried out by piece being applied on the column cap of female flower；
Growth period pays attention in time preventing and treating the weeds and pest and disease damage in field；
S6, harvesting：9-10 months are in golden yellow when Snakegourd Fruit fruit skin, are adopted down in batches when soft；
S7, overwinter management：After fruit harvesting terminates, when vines 85-95% is withered, rattan is cut off at liftoff 1-1.2m
Soil covering between strain on the ground, and thereon, is earthed up into the high hills of 10-20cm, with frost damage prevention by the vines disk that will be left behind.
Preferably, in the S1, the gradient on gentle slope is 5-10 degree.
Preferably, in the S1, the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields of quick lime spreads fertilizer over the fields 80-100kg for every mu.
Preferably, in the S2, grit layer, air-permeable layer, nutritive layer, the height of native soil be respectively 5-8cm, 4-7cm,
11-14cm、10-13cm。
Preferably, in the S2, organic fertilizer is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：Poultry manure 80-100 parts, dregs of beans 15-
25 parts, seawood meal 3-6 parts, calcium superphosphate 10-20 parts, borax 1-2 parts, diatomite 2-5 parts, potassium humate 1-3 parts, the miscellaneous 5-10 of fish
Part, powder of straw 20-30 parts, microbial bacterial agent 0.3-0.5 parts.
Preferably, the preparation method of the organic fertilizer is as follows：By poultry manure, dregs of beans, seawood meal, diatomite, humic acid
Potassium, fish are miscellaneous, the mixing of powder of straw, microbial bacterial agent, add water, stir, be sealed by fermentation 5-7d, then add calcium superphosphate, boron
Sand, stir, produce.
Beneficial effect：The present invention designs simultaneously Optimum Cultivation method, plot is turned over into post-trenching according to the growth characteristics of Snakegourd Fruit
Groove, and lay grit layer, air-permeable layer, nutritive layer, native soil in groove successively from bottom to top, wherein native soil disclosure satisfy that kind of a root
Fertilizer needed for primary growth, with the growth of Snakegourd Fruit rhizome, required nutritional requirement increase, nutritive layer can be carried further for it
For fertilizer needed for growth, layering provides fertilizer, manurial-philous but the defects of be also easy to produce fertilizer damage so as to avoid Snakegourd Fruit；The air-permeable layer of lower section
Can water conservation it is warming, meet that Snakegourd Fruit likes warm, moist characteristic, and fertilizer can be absorbed and slowly discharged, increase the profit of fertilizer
With rate, and on the one hand stalk can promote edaphon growth and breeding as carbon source, activate root soil, prevent soil plate
Knot, its multiple-void structure of another aspect can improve the gas permeability of soil, so as to effectively facilitate the growth of Snakegourd Fruit root system；Bottom is spread
If grit layer good water permeability, can strong Snakegourd Fruit root system tissue, prevent rotten, mitigate root system pest and disease damage incidence, it is and ventilative
Layer collective effect is beneficial to root growth；The present invention designs according to the growth characteristics of Snakegourd Fruit and Optimum Cultivation method, root tuber is bred into
Motility rate is high, and this method can improve soil activation, beneficial to the sturdy development of its root system, reduces root system pest and disease damage incidence, improves
The yield and quality of Snakegourd Fruit fruit, there is good promotional value.
Embodiment
Below, technical scheme is described in detail by specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of high yield cultivating method of Snakegourd Fruit proposed by the present invention, comprises the following steps：
S1, selection of land：Selection irrigation and drainage are good, the plot of deep fertile, gentle slope on the sunny side the chiltern earth of soil layer, spread fertilizer over the fields quick lime,
Deep ploughing is digged, sterilizing；
S2, site preparation：Every mu of organic fertilizer 1500kg, then intertillage are digged, and the groove that 30cm is wide, 30cm is deep are opened, in groove
Lay grit layer, air-permeable layer, nutritive layer, native soil successively from bottom to top, the line-spacing between groove is 2m, built, the high 2.0- of frame
2.5m；The grit layer is by particle diameter 0.5-1mm coarse sands and particle diameter 1-3mm rubble according to 1：1 mass ratio composition is described ventilative
Layer is by powder of straw, wheat bran and water-loss reducer according to 3：0.5：0.1 mass ratio composition, the nutritive layer is by decomposed poultry-dung, pine needle
Soil, peat soil, bacteria residue are according to 5：3：2：0.2 mass ratio composition, the native soil are the upper layer of soil after organic fertilizer；
S3, root tuber processing：2 years high raw breeding Snakegourd Fruit root tubers of growth selection stalwartness, no disease and pests harm, yield, section are
White no disease and pests harm, the kind root of 5cm length is cut into, Exposure to Sunlight 2h, 1.5% bacterium line prestige, 3500 times of decoction immersion 20min is immersed in, takes
Go out, dry；
S4, cave carry：Kind of a root cave is downloaded in groove, cave depth is 10cm, spacing in the rows 1.2m, is watered, the soil above the load of cave
One layer of stalk of upper covering, keeps ground moistening, stalk is removed when seedling is broken ground；
S5, seedling management：Growth period is suitably watered, and is kept field moistening, with reference to shallow plowing weeding, is applied base in the fall every year
Top dressing 2 times on the basis of fertilizer, budding period, florescence, best fruiting period difference top dressing；When seedling grows to 25-35cm, every plant is stayed sturdy stem
Climing 2-3 bars, remaining it is weak it is climing wipe out entirely, vines is grown up around support, carry out in time dredge leaf training so that plant strain growth is prosperous
Contain；At the florescence, when selecting morning 8-9, male pollen is dipped with writing brush, artificial pollination is carried out by piece being applied on the column cap of female flower；It is raw
Pay attention in time preventing and treating the weeds and pest and disease damage in field during length；
S6, harvesting：September part is in golden yellow when Snakegourd Fruit fruit skin, is adopted down in batches when soft；
S7, overwinter management：After fruit harvesting terminates, when vines 85-95% is withered, rattan is cut off at liftoff 1-1.2m
Soil covering between strain on the ground, and thereon, is earthed up into the high hills of 10cm, with frost damage prevention by the vines disk that will be left behind.
Embodiment 2
A kind of high yield cultivating method of Snakegourd Fruit proposed by the present invention, comprises the following steps：
S1, selection of land：Selection irrigation and drainage are good, the plot of deep fertile, gentle slope on the sunny side the chiltern earth of soil layer, spread fertilizer over the fields quick lime,
Every mu is spread fertilizer over the fields 80kg, and deep ploughing is digged, sterilizing；
S2, site preparation：Every mu of organic fertilizer 1700kg, then intertillage are digged, and the groove that 30cm is wide, 30cm is deep are opened, in groove
Lay the high native soil of the high nutritive layer of the high air-permeable layer of the high grit layers of 5cm, 4cm, 11cm, 10cm, ditch successively from bottom to top
Line-spacing between groove is 2m, built, the high 2.0-2.5m of frame；The grit layer is by particle diameter 0.5-1mm coarse sands and particle diameter 1-3mm rubble
According to 1：1.5 mass ratio composition, the air-permeable layer is by powder of straw, wheat bran and water-loss reducer according to 4：0.7：0.1 mass ratio group
Into the nutritive layer is by decomposed poultry-dung, pine soil, peat soil, bacteria residue according to 6：3：2：0.3 mass ratio composition, the original
Soil layer is the upper layer of soil after organic fertilizer；
Wherein, the preparation method of organic fertilizer is as follows：By 80 parts of poultry manure, 15 parts of dregs of beans, 3 parts of seawood meal, diatomite 2
Part, 1 part of potassium humate, fish are miscellaneous 5 parts, 20 parts of powder of straw, 0.3 part of mixing of microbial bacterial agent, add water, stir, be sealed by fermentation
5d, 10 parts of calcium superphosphate, 1 part of borax are then added, stirs, produces；
S3, root tuber processing：The breeding Snakegourd Fruit root tuber of the high 2-3 lifes of growth selection stalwartness, no disease and pests harm, yield, section
For white no disease and pests harm, the kind root of 5.5cm length is cut into, Exposure to Sunlight 2h, is immersed in 1.5% bacterium line prestige, 3500 times of decoction immersion 20min,
Take out, dry；
S4, cave carry：Kind of a root cave is downloaded in groove, cave depth is 10cm, spacing in the rows 1.3m, is watered, the soil above the load of cave
One layer of stalk of upper covering, keeps ground moistening, stalk is removed when seedling is broken ground；
S5, seedling management：Growth period is suitably watered, and is kept field moistening, with reference to shallow plowing weeding, is applied base in the fall every year
Top dressing 2 times on the basis of fertilizer, budding period, florescence, best fruiting period difference top dressing；When seedling grows to 25-35cm, every plant is stayed sturdy stem
Climing 2-3 bars, remaining it is weak it is climing wipe out entirely, vines is grown up around support, carry out in time dredge leaf training so that plant strain growth is prosperous
Contain；At the florescence, when selecting morning 8-9, male pollen is dipped with writing brush, artificial pollination is carried out by piece being applied on the column cap of female flower；It is raw
Pay attention in time preventing and treating the weeds and pest and disease damage in field during length；
S6, harvesting：9-10 months are in golden yellow when Snakegourd Fruit fruit skin, are adopted down in batches when soft；
S7, overwinter management：After fruit harvesting terminates, when vines 85-95% is withered, rattan is cut off at liftoff 1-1.2m
Soil covering between strain on the ground, and thereon, is earthed up into the high hills of 10-20cm, with frost damage prevention by the vines disk that will be left behind.
Embodiment 3
A kind of high yield cultivating method of Snakegourd Fruit proposed by the present invention, comprises the following steps：
S1, selection of land：Selection irrigation and drainage are good, the plot of deep fertile, gentle slope on the sunny side the chiltern earth of soil layer, and the gradient on gentle slope is
10 degree, quick lime is spread fertilizer over the fields, every mu is spread fertilizer over the fields 100kg, and deep ploughing is digged, sterilizing；
S2, site preparation：Every mu of organic fertilizer 2000kg, then intertillage are digged, and the groove that 30cm is wide, 35cm is deep are opened, in groove
Lay the high native soil of the high nutritive layer of the high air-permeable layer of the high grit layers of 7cm, 6cm, 12cm, 10cm, ditch successively from bottom to top
Line-spacing between groove is 3m, built, the high 2.0-2.5m of frame；The grit layer is by particle diameter 0.5-1mm coarse sands and particle diameter 1-3mm rubble
According to 1：2 mass ratio composition, the air-permeable layer is by powder of straw, wheat bran and water-loss reducer according to 5：1：0.2 mass ratio composition, institute
Nutritive layer is stated by decomposed poultry-dung, pine soil, peat soil, bacteria residue according to 7：5：4：0.4 mass ratio composition, the native soil are
Upper layer of soil after organic fertilizer；
Wherein, the preparation method of organic fertilizer is as follows：By 100 parts of poultry manure, 25 parts of dregs of beans, 6 parts of seawood meal, diatomite 5
Part, 3 parts of potassium humate, fish are miscellaneous 10 parts, 30 parts of powder of straw, 0.5 part of mixing of microbial bacterial agent, add water, stir, be sealed by fermentation
7d, 20 parts of calcium superphosphate, 2 parts of borax are then added, stirs, produces；
S3, root tuber processing：3 years high raw breeding Snakegourd Fruit root tubers of growth selection stalwartness, no disease and pests harm, yield, section are
White no disease and pests harm, the kind root of 5cm length is cut into, Exposure to Sunlight 3h, 1.5% bacterium line prestige, 3500 times of decoction immersion 30min is immersed in, takes
Go out, dry；
S4, cave carry：Kind of a root cave is downloaded in groove, cave depth is 10cm, spacing in the rows 1.5m, is watered, the soil above the load of cave
One layer of stalk of upper covering, keeps ground moistening, stalk is removed when seedling is broken ground；
S5, seedling management：Growth period is suitably watered, and is kept field moistening, with reference to shallow plowing weeding, is applied base in the fall every year
Top dressing 3 times on the basis of fertilizer, budding period, florescence, best fruiting period difference top dressing；When seedling grows to 25-35cm, every plant is stayed sturdy stem
Climing 2-3 bars, remaining it is weak it is climing wipe out entirely, vines is grown up around support, carry out in time dredge leaf training so that plant strain growth is prosperous
Contain；At the florescence, when selecting morning 8-9, male pollen is dipped with writing brush, artificial pollination is carried out by piece being applied on the column cap of female flower；It is raw
Pay attention in time preventing and treating the weeds and pest and disease damage in field during length；
S6, harvesting：9-10 months are in golden yellow when Snakegourd Fruit fruit skin, are adopted down in batches when soft；
S7, overwinter management：After fruit harvesting terminates, when vines 85-95% is withered, rattan is cut off at liftoff 1-1.2m
Soil covering between strain on the ground, and thereon, is earthed up into the high hills of 10-20cm, with frost damage prevention by the vines disk that will be left behind.
Embodiment 4
A kind of high yield cultivating method of Snakegourd Fruit proposed by the present invention, comprises the following steps：
S1, selection of land：Selection irrigation and drainage are good, the plot of deep fertile, gentle slope on the sunny side the chiltern earth of soil layer, and the gradient on gentle slope is
5 degree, quick lime is spread fertilizer over the fields, every mu is spread fertilizer over the fields 90kg, and deep ploughing is digged, sterilizing；
S2, site preparation：Every mu of organic fertilizer 1800kg, then intertillage are digged, and the groove that 30cm is wide, 40cm is deep are opened, in groove
Lay the high native soil of the high nutritive layer of the high air-permeable layer of the high grit layers of 7cm, 6cm, 14cm, 13cm, ditch successively from bottom to top
Line-spacing between groove is 2.5m, built, the high 2.0-2.5m of frame；The grit layer is broken by particle diameter 0.5-1mm coarse sands and particle diameter 1-3mm's
Stone is according to 1：1.5 mass ratio composition, the air-permeable layer is by powder of straw, wheat bran and water-loss reducer according to 4：0.7：0.1 mass ratio
Composition, the nutritive layer is by decomposed poultry-dung, pine soil, peat soil, bacteria residue according to 6：4：3：0.3 mass ratio composition, it is described
Native soil is the upper layer of soil after organic fertilizer；
Wherein, the preparation method of organic fertilizer is as follows：By 90 parts of poultry manure, 20 parts of dregs of beans, 5 parts of seawood meal, diatomite 4
Part, 1.5 parts of potassium humate, fish are miscellaneous 8 parts, 28 parts of powder of straw, 0.4 part of mixing of microbial bacterial agent, add water, stir, sealing hair
Ferment 6d, 16 parts of calcium superphosphate, 1 part of borax are then added, stirs, produces；
S3, root tuber processing：2 years high raw breeding Snakegourd Fruit root tubers of growth selection stalwartness, no disease and pests harm, yield, section are
White no disease and pests harm, the kind root of 6cm length is cut into, Exposure to Sunlight 3h, 1.5% bacterium line prestige, 3500 times of decoction immersion 25min is immersed in, takes
Go out, dry；
S4, cave carry：Kind of a root cave is downloaded in groove, cave depth is 10cm, spacing in the rows 1.4m, is watered, the soil above the load of cave
One layer of stalk of upper covering, keeps ground moistening, stalk is removed when seedling is broken ground；
S5, seedling management：Growth period is suitably watered, and is kept field moistening, with reference to shallow plowing weeding, is applied base in the fall every year
Top dressing 2 times on the basis of fertilizer, budding period, florescence, best fruiting period difference top dressing；When seedling grows to 25-35cm, every plant is stayed sturdy stem
Climing 2-3 bars, remaining it is weak it is climing wipe out entirely, vines is grown up around support, carry out in time dredge leaf training so that plant strain growth is prosperous
Contain；At the florescence, when selecting morning 8-9, male pollen is dipped with writing brush, artificial pollination is carried out by piece being applied on the column cap of female flower；It is raw
Pay attention in time preventing and treating the weeds and pest and disease damage in field during length；
S6, harvesting：9-10 months are in golden yellow when Snakegourd Fruit fruit skin, are adopted down in batches when soft；
S7, overwinter management：After fruit harvesting terminates, when vines 85-95% is withered, rattan is cut off at liftoff 1-1.2m
Soil covering between strain on the ground, and thereon, is earthed up into the high hills of 10-20cm, with frost damage prevention by the vines disk that will be left behind.
Comparative example 5
A kind of cultural method of Snakegourd Fruit, comprises the following steps：
S1, selection of land：Selection irrigation and drainage are good, the plot of deep fertile, gentle slope on the sunny side the chiltern earth of soil layer, and the gradient on gentle slope is
5 degree, quick lime is spread fertilizer over the fields, every mu is spread fertilizer over the fields 90kg, and deep ploughing is digged, sterilizing；
S2, site preparation：Every mu of organic fertilizer 1800kg, then intertillage are digged, built, the high 2.0-2.5m of frame；Wherein, organic fertilizer
Preparation method it is as follows：90 parts of poultry manure, 20 parts of dregs of beans, 5 parts of seawood meal, 4 parts of diatomite, 1.5 parts of potassium humate, fish is miscellaneous
8 parts, 28 parts of powder of straw, the mixing of 0.4 part of microbial bacterial agent, add water, stir, be sealed by fermentation 6d, then add calcium superphosphate
16 parts, 1 part of borax, stir, produce；
S3, root tuber processing：2 years high raw breeding Snakegourd Fruit root tubers of growth selection stalwartness, no disease and pests harm, yield, section are
White no disease and pests harm, the kind root of 6cm length is cut into, Exposure to Sunlight 3h, 1.5% bacterium line prestige, 3500 times of decoction immersion 25min is immersed in, takes
Go out, dry；
S4, cave carry：Kind root cave is carried, cave depth is 10cm, spacing in the rows 1.4m, watering, and one is being covered on soil above the load of cave
Layer stalk, keeps ground moistening, stalk is removed when seedling is broken ground；
S5, seedling management：Growth period is suitably watered, and is kept field moistening, with reference to shallow plowing weeding, is applied base in the fall every year
Top dressing 2 times on the basis of fertilizer, budding period, florescence, best fruiting period difference top dressing；When seedling grows to 25-35cm, every plant is stayed sturdy stem
Climing 2-3 bars, remaining it is weak it is climing wipe out entirely, vines is grown up around support, carry out in time dredge leaf training so that plant strain growth is prosperous
Contain；At the florescence, when selecting morning 8-9, male pollen is dipped with writing brush, artificial pollination is carried out by piece being applied on the column cap of female flower；It is raw
Pay attention in time preventing and treating the weeds and pest and disease damage in field during length；
S6, harvesting：9-10 months are in golden yellow when Snakegourd Fruit fruit skin, are adopted down in batches when soft；
S7, overwinter management：After fruit harvesting terminates, when vines 85-95% is withered, rattan is cut off at liftoff 1-1.2m
Soil covering between strain on the ground, and thereon, is earthed up into the high hills of 10-20cm, with frost damage prevention by the vines disk that will be left behind.
Yield comparison is carried by mu is carried out using the cultural method of the embodiment of the present invention 4 and comparative example 5.
The daily management measure and other environment, management mode that embodiment 4 carries with mu in comparative example 5 are identical, using same
One piece big Tanaka carries out Field test.In embodiment 4,2 years unripe watermelon beach wormwood per mu yield Snakegourd Fruit fresh fruit 982kg, net seed 115kg is produced；Contrast
In example 5,2 years unripe watermelon beach wormwood per mu yield Snakegourd Fruit fresh fruit 790kg, net seed 85kg is produced.Compared to comparative example 5, Snakegourd Fruit fresh fruit produces in embodiment 4
Amount improves 24.3%, Chinese Drug Gualouzi output increased 35.3%.As can be seen here, using the present invention Snakegourd Fruit cultural method, greatly
The yield and quality of Snakegourd Fruit is improved, the effective plantation income for increasing planting household.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention be not limited thereto,
Any one skilled in the art the invention discloses technical scope in, technique according to the invention scheme and its
Inventive concept is subject to equivalent substitution or change, should all be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of high yield cultivating method of Snakegourd Fruit, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
S1, selection of land：Selection irrigation and drainage are good, the plot of deep fertile, gentle slope on the sunny side the chiltern earth of soil layer, spread fertilizer over the fields quick lime, deep plough
Dig, sterilizing；
S2, site preparation：Every mu of organic fertilizer 1500-2000kg, then intertillage are digged, and open the groove that 30cm is wide, 30-40cm is deep, ditch
Lay grit layer, air-permeable layer, nutritive layer, native soil in groove successively from bottom to top, the line-spacing between groove be 2-3m, built, frame height
2.0-2.5m；The grit layer is by particle diameter 0.5-1mm coarse sands and particle diameter 1-3mm rubble according to 1：1-2 mass ratio composition, institute
Air-permeable layer is stated by powder of straw, wheat bran and water-loss reducer according to 3-5：0.5-1：0.1-0.2 mass ratio composition, the nutritive layer is by corruption
Ripe poultry-dung, pine soil, peat soil, bacteria residue are according to 5-7：3-5：2-4：0.2-0.4 mass ratio composition, the native soil are to apply
Upper layer of soil after organic fertilizer；
S3, root tuber processing：The breeding Snakegourd Fruit root tuber of the high 2-3 lifes of growth selection stalwartness, no disease and pests harm, yield, section is white
Color no disease and pests harm, the kind root of 5-6cm length is cut into, Exposure to Sunlight 2-3h, is immersed in 1.5% bacterium line prestige, 3500 times of decoction immersion 20-
30min, take out, dry；
S4, cave carry：Kind of a root cave is downloaded in groove, cave depth is 10cm, spacing in the rows 1.2-1.5m, is watered, the soil above the load of cave
One layer of stalk of upper covering, keeps ground moistening, stalk is removed when seedling is broken ground；
S5, seedling management：Growth period is suitably watered, keep field moistening, with reference to shallow plowing weeding, basal dressing in the fall every year
On the basis of top dressing 2-3 times, budding period, florescence, best fruiting period difference top dressing；When seedling grows to 25-35cm, every plant is stayed sturdy vines
2-3 bars, remaining it is weak it is climing wipe out entirely, vines is grown up around support, carry out in time dredge leaf training so that plant strain growth is vigorous；
At the florescence, when selecting morning 8-9, male pollen is dipped with writing brush, artificial pollination is carried out by piece being applied on the column cap of female flower；Growth period
Between pay attention in time preventing and treating the weeds and pest and disease damage in field；
S6, harvesting：9-10 months are in golden yellow when Snakegourd Fruit fruit skin, are adopted down in batches when soft；
S7, overwinter management：After fruit harvesting terminates, when vines 85-95% is withered, rattan is cut off and will stayed at liftoff 1-1.2m
Under vines disk on the ground, and between strain soil covering thereon, the high hills of 10-20cm are earthed up into, with frost damage prevention.
2. the high yield cultivating method of Snakegourd Fruit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the S1, the gradient on gentle slope is
5-10 degree.
3. the high yield cultivating method of Snakegourd Fruit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the S1, quick lime spreads fertilizer over the fields
Measure and spread fertilizer over the fields 80-100kg for every mu.
4. the high yield cultivating method of Snakegourd Fruit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the S2, grit layer, breathe freely
Layer, nutritive layer, the height of native soil are respectively 5-8cm, 4-7cm, 11-14cm, 10-13cm.
5. the high yield cultivating method of Snakegourd Fruit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the S2, organic fertilizer is by following
The raw material composition of parts by weight：Poultry manure 80-100 parts, dregs of beans 15-25 parts, seawood meal 3-6 parts, calcium superphosphate 10-20 parts, boron
Sand 1-2 parts, diatomite 2-5 parts, potassium humate 1-3 parts, the miscellaneous 5-10 parts of fish, powder of straw 20-30 parts, microbial bacterial agent 0.3-0.5
Part.
6. the high yield cultivating method of Snakegourd Fruit according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the preparation method of the organic fertilizer is such as
Under：By poultry manure, dregs of beans, seawood meal, diatomite, potassium humate, fish be miscellaneous, powder of straw, microbial bacterial agent mix, and adds water, stirs
Mix uniformly, be sealed by fermentation 5-7d, then add calcium superphosphate, borax, stir, produce.
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| CN107568064A (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2018-01-12 | 无为县姚沟镇太白瓜蒌种植专业合作社 | A kind of Snakegourd Fruit tissue cultivating and seedling method |
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| CN109757176A (en) * | 2019-03-19 | 2019-05-17 | 亳州学院 | A kind of cultivation matrix and implantation methods of Snakegourd Fruit |
| CN109757177A (en) * | 2019-03-19 | 2019-05-17 | 亳州学院 | A kind of method for culturing seedlings of Snakegourd Fruit |
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