CN109511482A - It is a kind of in the leaf Compound Management method of Moringa underwood planting lemon-grass - Google Patents
It is a kind of in the leaf Compound Management method of Moringa underwood planting lemon-grass Download PDFInfo
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- CN109511482A CN109511482A CN201811541263.8A CN201811541263A CN109511482A CN 109511482 A CN109511482 A CN 109511482A CN 201811541263 A CN201811541263 A CN 201811541263A CN 109511482 A CN109511482 A CN 109511482A
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- moringa
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- lemon
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of in the leaf Compound Management method of Moringa underwood planting lemon-grass, including following measure: (1) forest land selection, (2) forest land site preparation, (3) plantation, (4) woodland manage and protect, the measures such as (5) Pruning and rectifying, (6) pick and process.The present invention by being managed and protected in selection of land, site preparation, plantation and woodland, Pruning and rectifying, harvesting and in terms of innovation, it is intended to innovate forestry management industrial development consideration, alleviate the land resource influence in short supply to Moringa, lemon-grass industry development, improve forest land utilization efficiency, pest and disease damage is reduced, economic benefit increases, and enriches China's agroforestry defect mode.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agroforestry technical fields, and in particular to a kind of in the leaf side of Moringa underwood planting lemon-grass
Method.
Background technique
Lemon-grass (Cymbopogon citratus(DC.) stapf) belong to grass family (Gramineae), Cymbopogon
(Cymbopogon Spreng.), perennial herb, stalk is thinner and more delicate, grows thickly, and blade narrow line shape, two sides is closely hairless, has white powder.It is fragrant
Cogongrass originates in tropical and subtropical region, and China south China is distributed, but solid, common kind You Xi India lemonene of not earing mostly
Thatch, East India lemon grass and lemongrass.Lemon-grass nature and flavor are pungent, warm, there is the effect of dispelling wind dredging collateral, stomach function regulating ventilation, restoring consciouness are promoted the sexual maturity.
Moringa (Moringa Oleifera Lam.) is also known as drumstick tree, tree of mystery etc., belongs to Moringaceae
(Moringaceae) Moringa (Moringa Adans.), the torrid zone, subtropical zone fallen leaves woody vegetables and oilseed plant, originates in
India and Africa, blade, flower, tender shoots, tender stem, green bean and root are edible, and full of nutrition comprehensive, are current have found
Best vegetable protein, vitamin, folic acid, pantothenic acid, calcium, iron, the various nutrients such as selenium source, have treatment hyperlipidemia,
Hypertension, diabetes, enhancing physical strength inhibit the medicinal health care functions such as germ.Moringa is a kind of quick growing species of trees, and main root is long, anti-height
Temperature, it is drought-resistant, 25 DEG C~35 DEG C of optimum growth temp, various soil types are adapted to, soil pH value range best with sandy loam
It can be suitable in China torrid zone, the plantation of the area south subtropics height above sea level 600m or less with normal growth 4.5~8.In recent years by peppery
The violent growth of the wooden demand influences, and Moringa cost of material also rises year after year, and raw material supplies wretched insufficiency.Hainan, Yunnan, Guangxi
Equal subtropical and tropical zones are the genuine producing region of Moringa, produced Moringa better quality, as cultivating Moringa oleifera administrative skill is continuous
It improves, Moringa industry welcomes blowout high speed development, and land resource is in short supply seriously hinders the development of Moringa industry.
Forestry management can be described as agroforestry, agro-forestry or Agroforestry etc. again, refer in same soil pipe
It manages on unit, according to the principle of the ecological economics, artificially by perennial woody plant and other cultivated plants or livestock animals,
The synthesis for the Land-Use and technological system being managed together is spatially arranged in sequence.Both at home and abroad
Some research achievements show that Agro-forestry management can improve the utilization rate of the resources such as illumination and soil, moreover it is possible to obtain timbered soil
To plough the purpose that generation comforts, soil fertility is made to be improved, to promote tree growth, there is significant economic benefit, increase
Peasant income.Studies have found that Moringa can be in late May to early June, late July to early August and late October to November
The first tenday period of a month carry out by stages, in batches, layering carry out leaf harvest, November acquire blade after carry out branch harvesting downgrade, retain stub
Height 40cm~75cm, in case coming year sprouting sprouts, so during annual spring sprouting germination and growth, the closing of crop of Moringa woods
Spend low, vacant lot illumination in the ranks is abundant, is very suitable to carry out Moringa underwood planting crops, reaches to plough generation and comfort, obtains more agricultures
Product output, raising the land utilization efficiency.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above deficiencies, the present invention provides a kind of Compound Management method in leaf Moringa underwood planting lemon-grass, real
The Highly Effective in existing soil utilizes, and alleviates the land resource influence in short supply to Moringa, lemon-grass industry development, and it is compound to enrich China
Agriculture and forestry defect mode.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical scheme:
It is a kind of in the leaf Compound Management method of Moringa underwood planting lemon-grass, including following measures:
(1) forest land selects:
High temperature and rainy is selected, sunny, draining is good, the forest land of fertile soil, and it is annual without serious frostbite cold damage weather, every year
Rainfall is between 800~1800mm, and forest land height above sea level 600m is hereinafter, the gradient≤20 °, and soil is in neutrality or faintly acid, in soil
Gravel concentration≤10%；
(2) forest land site preparation:
Overall site preparation is used when 10 ° of forest land gradient <, and terrace-type strip tillage is used when the 10 °≤forest land gradient≤20 °；Soil
Earth digs depth >=25cm, and ridge is at the horizontal furrow face of wide 1.5~2m, high 10~15cm, and furrow face is by 1000kg/ mus of organic fertilizer mixing
It beats after soil and carefully rakes, furrow two sides guarantee that draining ditch water discharge is smooth；Opened at the furrow face apart from upper gutter 10cm wide 5~8cm,
The Moringa kind planting ditch of deep 6~7cm；The gutter 10cm under distance, and the furrow face belt-like zone apart from Moringa kind planting ditch 50cm
Dig the lemon-grass seed furrow of line-spacing 35cm, wide 3~4cm, deep 2~3cm；
(3) it plants:
Plantation Moringa and lemon-grass are sowed 3~April；In Moringa kind planting ditch every 50cm program request 2~3 by seed treatment
Moringa seeds, 4~6cm of earthing, compacting；It is broadcasted sowing after lemongrass grass seed is mixed fine earth or plant ash by 1.8~2kg/ mus of grain weight
In in lemon-grass seed furrow, 1~2cm of earthing；
(4) woodland is managed and protected:
After Moringa seed rudiment 15 days, cuts weeds in conjunction with ridging and carry out even seedling and after-culture；After Moringa seed rudiment 30 days, tied after rain
It closes weeding and applies the leaching compound fertilizer of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium available nutrient content >=35%, 15kg/ mus of dose；Whenever weed growth
Artificial weeding is carried out when 30~50cm, top dressing 200kg after each weeding, fertilizer used in top dressing be by people according to parts by weight
500 parts of animal manure fertilizer, 100 parts of fine earth, 35 parts of urea, 10 parts of orange peel Aqueous extracts ferment 2 days obtained fertilizer after evenly mixing；
(5) Pruning and rectifying:
When Moringa grows high 50m, trunk is cut from 30cm, Their First Branch 3~4 are stayed after rudiment, then to Moringa regrowth
It is cut from 50cm when to 70cm, stays 10~15, second level branch, then place's cutting from 65cm when Moringa regeneration grows to 90cm, is stayed
20~30, three-level branch；Fertilising is replenished in time according to the growing state of Moringa branches and leaves, retains after annual winter last time picking leaves
Whole 65~the 70cm of plant height of Moringa；
(6) pick and process:
The tender heart of 10~15cm of rudiment top of harvesting Moringa second level branch and three-level branch is cooked；Moringa mature leaf is harvested i.e. from leaf
Training is broken down at handle, and airing shakes off blade, and the Moringa mature leaf harvested, which can dry, does tea or progress deep processing；
Lemon-grass inflorescence can harvest when half-mature, spread dry it is spare.
Further, step (2) described organic fertilizer is prepared with the raw material components of following parts by weight: 30~35 portions of pigs
Excrement, 20~25 parts of peanut shells, 10~15 parts of phosphorus tailings, 15 parts of manioc wastes, 5~8 parts of urea, 6~9 parts of orange peel Aqueous extracts, 5~
7 parts of Grape Skin Aqueous extracts, 8~10 parts of bacillus subtilises, 4~5 parts of lactobacillus plantarums, 5~6 parts of cellulomonas；It is described organic
The preparation method of fertilizer is first to mix pig manure, peanut shell, phosphorus tailing, manioc waste and urea, then spray when stirring by orange peel
The mixed liquor that Aqueous extracts, Grape Skin Aqueous extracts, bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus plantarum and cellulomonas mix, after mixing
It ferments in investment fermentor or fermentation tank, the temperature for controlling fermentation is 36~38 DEG C, and fermentation can be obtained organic after 15 days
Fertilizer.
Further, orange peel Aqueous extracts described in step (2) and step (4) are the matter by orange peel and water according to 1:5
After the mixing of amount ratio decocts 1 hour, filters to take filtrate and obtain orange peel Aqueous extracts；Step (2) the Grape Skin Aqueous extracts be by
After Grape Skin and water decoct 1 hour according to the mass ratio mixing of 1:5, filters to take filtrate and obtain Grape Skin Aqueous extracts.
Further, it is peppery to refer to that the liquor potassic permanganate for being 0.2% with mass concentration impregnates for step (3) described seed treatment
The wooden seed 1h after pulling flushing out, is impregnated with 65 DEG C of warm water, is changed within every 4 hours water 1 time, pulls standby broadcast out after impregnating 12h.
The technical program has the advantages that compared with prior art
1, the present invention prepares organic fertilizer as primary raw material fermentation using pig manure, peanut shell, phosphorus tailing and manioc waste etc., wherein
The content of N, P, Ca are higher in pig manure, and 80.1% is organic matter in the dry matter of pig manure, and easily decomposing property organic carbon is 27.3%, half fiber
The content of dimension element and cellulose is lower, and the content of crude fat and lignin is higher, can be accounted for about by the ingredient of crop utilization in excrement
70%, the utility value as organic fertilizer is higher.Use bacillus subtilis, the compound bacteria of lactobacillus plantarum, cellulomonas
Agent can effectively decompose pig manure, peanut shell, phosphorus tailing, manioc waste, releasable a large amount of carbon, nitrogen, potassium element, phosphorus member
The organic matters such as element and inorganic matter, it has been investigated that content of organics can achieve 25~34%, inorganic matter in organic fertilizer obtained
Content, which can achieve 20~37%, available phosphorus contents, can achieve 3.9~5.1mg/kg, amino acid content can achieve 26.1% with
On.
2, contain the ingredients such as a large amount of oxalic acid, anthocyanidin, tartaric acid, Neng Goujia in the orange peel Aqueous extracts that the present invention adds
The activity of the phosphonium ion of strong firm activation, reinforces oxidation resistance, Grape Skin Aqueous extracts contain tartaric acid, oxalic acid, pyruvic acid, flower
Green element, can scavenging hydroxyl ability, there is preferable oxidation resistance, it is mutual that the combination of two kinds of extracts can reach collaboration
It helps, the effect of dual guarantee, promotes the growth of lemon-grass.
3, crude fiber content reaches 60% or more in peanut shell, and water imbibition is strong and permeability is good, and hair is mixed with pig manure
The organic fertilizer of ferment preparation can make soil soft, not hardened, so that soil texture be effectively protected.And prepared organic fertilizer can
Further ferment soil, and soil is made to have the function of water storage moisturizing storage fertilizer as organic fertilizer solids, be Moringa and lemon-grass just
It is frequently grown and more sufficient fertilizer, moisture and nutrient is provided, but also the structure of soil microbial community in soil can be improved.
4, since the presence of gravels a large amount of in soil can be to the soil physical property such as soil weight, porosity of soil, soil
Temperature and soil moisture content etc. have an impact, or even also have an impact to infiltration character of soil etc., and then will affect the root system of plant
Development and liquid manure absorb, so the present invention forest land select when selection soil gravel concentration≤10% forest land be suitble to Moringa and
The plantation of lemon-grass.
5, the present invention can be comforted with ploughing generation during Moringa underwood planting lemon-grass, by artificial weeding, be digged, whole
The measures such as ground, fertilising, soil texture are improved, and nutrient content increases, and the growth of Moringa is significantly improved.Meanwhile
After lemongrass grass planting, bio-diversity is improved, and forest stand spatial structure is optimised, and is effectively improved Moringa pure forest ecology ring
Border increases product output and type.Therefore, the popularization and application of the technology of the present invention can effectively improve the ecology in unit area soil
Economic benefit.
6, the present invention is lemon-grass in Moringa hayashishita by measures such as the tree height control of Moringa, Pruning and rectifying, leaf pickings
Growth provides advantageous illumination, space and nutrient demand, and lemon-grass is able to normal growth, compares the nonoculture of lemon-grass crop field, single
Position area output is without significant difference.Therefore, the popularization and application of the technology of the present invention can realize the Highly Effective benefit in soil well
With alleviating the situation of current shortage of land resource, the development of boosting Moringa and lemongrass grassland industry.
7, this technology invention is compared by scientific experimentation, selects lemon-grass as Moringa hayashishita interrow crop, by selection of land,
Site preparation, plantation and woodland manage and protect, Pruning and rectifying, harvesting and processing etc. innovation, it is intended to innovate Agroforestry Management production
Industry thinking of development alleviates the land resource influence in short supply to Moringa, lemon-grass industry development, improves forest land utilization efficiency, disease
Insect pest is reduced, and economic benefit increases, and enriches China's agroforestry defect mode.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, but not as limitation of the present invention.In the following example not
Dated specific experiment condition and method, used technological means are usually conventional hand well-known to those skilled in the art
Section.
Embodiment 1:
It is a kind of in the leaf Compound Management method of Moringa underwood planting lemon-grass, including following measures:
(1) forest land selects:
High temperature and rainy is selected, sunny, draining is good, the forest land of fertile soil, and it is annual without serious frostbite cold damage weather, every year
Rainfall is between 800~1800mm, and forest land height above sea level 600m is hereinafter, 5 ° of the gradient, and fertile soil is weakly acidic, and soil cobble-stone contains
Amount is 3%；
(2) forest land site preparation:
Using overall site preparation, tractor-ploughing digs depth 100cm, and ridge is at the horizontal furrow face of wide 1.5m, high 10cm, and furrow face is by 1000kg/
It beats after mu organic fertilizer mixed soil and carefully rakes, furrow two sides guarantee that draining ditch water discharge is smooth；In the furrow face apart from upper gutter 10cm
Open the Moringa kind planting ditch of wide 5~8cm, deep 6~7cm in place；The gutter 10cm under distance, and apart from Moringa kind planting ditch 50cm's
Furrow face belt-like zone digs the lemon-grass seed furrow of line-spacing 35cm, wide 3~4cm, deep 2~3cm；The organic fertilizer is with following weight
The raw material components of part are prepared: 35 parts of pig manures, 20 parts of peanut shells, 15 parts of phosphorus tailings, 15 parts of manioc wastes, 8 parts of urea, 6 portions of tangerines
Sub- severe edema due to hypofunction of the spleen extract, 5 parts of Grape Skin Aqueous extracts, 8 parts of bacillus subtilises, 5 parts of lactobacillus plantarums, 6 parts of cellulomonas；It is described organic
The preparation method of fertilizer is first to mix pig manure, peanut shell, phosphorus tailing, manioc waste and urea, then spray when stirring by orange peel
The mixed liquor that Aqueous extracts, Grape Skin Aqueous extracts, bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus plantarum and cellulomonas mix, after mixing
It ferments in investment fermentor or fermentation tank, the temperature for controlling fermentation is 37 DEG C, and organic fertilizer can be obtained after 15 days in fermentation；Institute
Stating orange peel Aqueous extracts is after orange peel and water are mixed decoction 1 hour according to the mass ratio of 1:5, to filter to take filtrate and obtain tangerine
Sub- severe edema due to hypofunction of the spleen extract；The Grape Skin Aqueous extracts are mistakes after Grape Skin and water are mixed decoction 1 hour according to the mass ratio of 1:5
Leaching filtrate obtains Grape Skin Aqueous extracts；
(3) it plants:
Plantation Moringa and lemon-grass are sowed in early March；Pass through seed treatment every 50cm program request 2~3 in Moringa kind planting ditch
Moringa seeds, 4~6cm of earthing, compacting；Lemongrass grass seed is mixed by 1.8kg/ mus of grain weight broadcast sowing after fine earth or plant ash in
In lemon-grass seed furrow, earthing 2cm；The seed treatment refers to that the liquor potassic permanganate for being 0.2% with mass concentration impregnates Moringa
Seed 1h after pulling flushing out, is impregnated with 65 DEG C of warm water, is changed within every 4 hours water 1 time, pulls standby broadcast out after impregnating 12h；
(4) woodland is managed and protected:
After Moringa seed rudiment 15 days, cuts weeds in conjunction with ridging and carry out even seedling and after-culture；After Moringa seed rudiment 30 days, tied after rain
Close weeding apply nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium available nutrient content be 40% leaching compound fertilizer, 15kg/ mus of dose；Whenever weed growth
Artificial weeding is carried out when 30~50cm, top dressing 200kg after each weeding, fertilizer used in top dressing be by people according to parts by weight
500 parts of animal manure fertilizer, 100 parts of fine earth, 35 parts of urea, 10 parts of orange peel Aqueous extracts ferment 2 days obtained fertilizer after evenly mixing；
The orange peel Aqueous extracts are after orange peel and water are mixed decoction 1 hour according to the mass ratio of 1:5, to filter to take filtrate and obtain
Orange peel Aqueous extracts；
(5) Pruning and rectifying:
When Moringa grows high 50m, trunk is cut from 30cm, Their First Branch 3~4 are stayed after rudiment, then to Moringa regrowth
It is cut from 50cm when to 70cm, stays 10~15, second level branch, then place's cutting from 65cm when Moringa regeneration grows to 90cm, is stayed
20~30, three-level branch；Fertilising is replenished in time according to the growing state of Moringa branches and leaves, retains after annual winter last time picking leaves
Whole 65~the 70cm of plant height of Moringa；
(6) pick and process:
The tender heart of 10~15cm of rudiment top of harvesting Moringa second level branch and three-level branch is cooked；Moringa mature leaf is harvested i.e. from leaf
Training is broken down at handle, and airing shakes off blade, and the Moringa mature leaf harvested, which can dry, does tea or progress deep processing；
Lemon-grass inflorescence can harvest when half-mature, spread dry it is spare.
Embodiment 2:
It is a kind of in the leaf Compound Management method of Moringa underwood planting lemon-grass, including following measures:
(1) forest land selects:
High temperature and rainy is selected, sunny, draining is good, the forest land of fertile soil, and it is annual without serious frostbite cold damage weather, every year
Rainfall is between 800~1800mm, and forest land height above sea level 600m is hereinafter, 5 ° of the gradient, and fertile soil is weakly acidic, and soil cobble-stone contains
Amount is 10%；
(2) forest land site preparation:
Using overall site preparation；Tractor-ploughing digs depth 25cm, and at the horizontal furrow face of wide 2m, high 15cm, furrow face has by 1000kg/ mus on ridge
It beats after machine fertilizer mixed soil and carefully rakes, furrow two sides guarantee that draining ditch water discharge is smooth；It is opened at the furrow face apart from upper gutter 10cm
The Moringa kind planting ditch of wide 5~8cm, deep 6~7cm；The gutter 10cm under distance, and the furrow face apart from Moringa kind planting ditch 50cm
Belt-like zone digs the lemon-grass seed furrow of line-spacing 35cm, wide 3~4cm, deep 2~3cm；The following parts by weight of the organic fertilizer
Raw material components are prepared: 32 parts of pig manures, 23 parts of peanut shells, 12 parts of phosphorus tailings, 15 parts of manioc wastes, 6 parts of urea, 7 parts of orange peels
Aqueous extracts, 5 parts of Grape Skin Aqueous extracts, 8 parts of bacillus subtilises, 5 parts of lactobacillus plantarums, 6 parts of cellulomonas；The organic fertilizer
Preparation method is first to mix pig manure, peanut shell, phosphorus tailing, manioc waste and urea, then spray when stirring and mentioned by the orange severe edema due to hypofunction of the spleen
The mixed liquor that liquid, Grape Skin Aqueous extracts, bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus plantarum and cellulomonas mix, puts into after mixing
It ferments in fermentor or fermentation tank, the temperature for controlling fermentation is 36 DEG C, and organic fertilizer can be obtained after 15 days in fermentation；The tangerine
Sub- severe edema due to hypofunction of the spleen extract is after orange peel and water are mixed decoction 1 hour according to the mass ratio of 1:5, to filter to take filtrate and obtain orange peel
Aqueous extracts；The Grape Skin Aqueous extracts are after Grape Skin and water are mixed decoction 1 hour according to the mass ratio of 1:5, to filter to take
Filtrate obtains Grape Skin Aqueous extracts；
(3) it plants:
Plantation Moringa and lemon-grass are sowed mid-April；Pass through seed treatment every 50cm program request 2~3 in Moringa kind planting ditch
Moringa seeds, 4~6cm of earthing, compacting；It broadcasts sowing after lemongrass grass seed is mixed fine earth or plant ash by 2kg/ mus of grain weight in perfume (or spice)
In cogongrass seed furrow, 1~2cm of earthing；It is peppery that the seed treatment refers to that the liquor potassic permanganate for being 0.2% with mass concentration impregnates
The wooden seed 1h after pulling flushing out, is impregnated with 65 DEG C of warm water, is changed within every 4 hours water 1 time, pulls standby broadcast out after impregnating 12h；
(4) woodland is managed and protected:
After Moringa seed rudiment 15 days, cuts weeds in conjunction with ridging and carry out even seedling and after-culture；After Moringa seed rudiment 30 days, tied after rain
Close weeding apply nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium available nutrient content be 55% leaching compound fertilizer, 15kg/ mus of dose；Whenever weed growth
Artificial weeding is carried out when 30~50cm, top dressing 200kg after each weeding, fertilizer used in top dressing be by people according to parts by weight
500 parts of animal manure fertilizer, 100 parts of fine earth, 35 parts of urea, 10 parts of orange peel Aqueous extracts ferment 2 days obtained fertilizer after evenly mixing；
The orange peel Aqueous extracts are after orange peel and water are mixed decoction 1 hour according to the mass ratio of 1:5, to filter to take filtrate and obtain
Orange peel Aqueous extracts；
(5) Pruning and rectifying:
When Moringa grows high 50m, trunk is cut from 30cm, Their First Branch 3~4 are stayed after rudiment, then to Moringa regrowth
It is cut from 50cm when to 70cm, stays 10~15, second level branch, then place's cutting from 65cm when Moringa regeneration grows to 90cm, is stayed
20~30, three-level branch；Fertilising is replenished in time according to the growing state of Moringa branches and leaves, retains after annual winter last time picking leaves
Whole 65~the 70cm of plant height of Moringa；
(6) pick and process:
The tender heart of 10~15cm of rudiment top of harvesting Moringa second level branch and three-level branch is cooked；Moringa mature leaf is harvested i.e. from leaf
Training is broken down at handle, and airing shakes off blade, and the Moringa mature leaf harvested, which can dry, does tea or progress deep processing；
Lemon-grass inflorescence can harvest when half-mature, spread dry it is spare.
Embodiment 3:
It is a kind of in the leaf Compound Management method of Moringa underwood planting lemon-grass, including following measures:
(1) forest land selects:
High temperature and rainy is selected, sunny, draining is good, the forest land of fertile soil, and it is annual without serious frostbite cold damage weather, every year
Rainfall is between 800~1800mm, and forest land height above sea level 600m is hereinafter, the gradient is 10 °, and fertile soil is in neutrality, soil cobble-stone
Content is 5%；
(2) forest land site preparation:
Using terrace-type strip tillage；Tractor-ploughing digs depth 50cm, and at the horizontal furrow face of wide 1.6m, high 12cm, furrow face pressed on ridge
It beats after 1000kg/ mus of organic fertilizer mixed soils and carefully rakes, furrow two sides guarantee that draining ditch water discharge is smooth；Apart from upper gutter 10cm
Furrow face at open the Moringa kind planting ditch of wide 5~8cm, deep 6~7cm；The gutter 10cm under distance, and apart from Moringa kind planting ditch
The furrow face belt-like zone of 50cm digs the lemon-grass seed furrow of line-spacing 35cm, wide 3~4cm, deep 2~3cm；The organic fertilizer be to
The raw material components of lower parts by weight are prepared: 30 parts of pig manures, 25 parts of peanut shells, 10 parts of phosphorus tailings, 15 parts of manioc wastes, 5 parts of urea,
9 parts of orange peel Aqueous extracts, 7 parts of Grape Skin Aqueous extracts, 10 parts of bacillus subtilises, 4 parts of lactobacillus plantarums, 5 parts of cellulomonas；Institute
The preparation method for stating organic fertilizer be first pig manure, peanut shell, phosphorus tailing, manioc waste and urea are mixed, then spray when stirring by
The mixed liquor that orange peel Aqueous extracts, Grape Skin Aqueous extracts, bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus plantarum and cellulomonas mix, mixing
It ferments in investment fermentor or fermentation tank after uniformly, the temperature for controlling fermentation is 37 DEG C, and fermentation can be obtained after 15 days
Machine fertilizer；The orange peel Aqueous extracts are after orange peel and water are mixed decoction 1 hour according to the mass ratio of 1:5, to filter to take filter
Liquid obtains orange peel Aqueous extracts；The Grape Skin Aqueous extracts are that Grape Skin and water is small according to the mass ratio mixing decoction 1 of 1:5
Shi Hou filters to take filtrate and obtains Grape Skin Aqueous extracts；
(3) it plants:
Plantation Moringa and lemon-grass are sowed 3~April；In Moringa kind planting ditch every 50cm program request 2~3 by seed treatment
Moringa seeds, 4~6cm of earthing, compacting；It broadcasts sowing after lemongrass grass seed is mixed fine earth or plant ash by 1.9kg/ mus of grain weight in perfume (or spice)
In cogongrass seed furrow, earthing 1cm；The seed treatment refers to that the liquor potassic permanganate for being 0.2% with mass concentration impregnates moringa seeds
1h after pulling flushing out, is impregnated with 65 DEG C of warm water, is changed within every 4 hours water 1 time, pulls standby broadcast out after impregnating 12h；
(4) woodland is managed and protected:
After Moringa seed rudiment 15 days, cuts weeds in conjunction with ridging and carry out even seedling and after-culture；After Moringa seed rudiment 30 days, tied after rain
Close weeding apply nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium available nutrient content be 35% leaching compound fertilizer, 15kg/ mus of dose；Whenever weed growth
Artificial weeding is carried out when 30~50cm, top dressing 200kg after each weeding, fertilizer used in top dressing be by people according to parts by weight
500 parts of animal manure fertilizer, 100 parts of fine earth, 35 parts of urea, 10 parts of orange peel Aqueous extracts ferment 2 days obtained fertilizer after evenly mixing；
The orange peel Aqueous extracts are after orange peel and water are mixed decoction 1 hour according to the mass ratio of 1:5, to filter to take filtrate and obtain
Orange peel Aqueous extracts；
(5) Pruning and rectifying:
When Moringa grows high 50m, trunk is cut from 30cm, Their First Branch 3~4 are stayed after rudiment, then to Moringa regrowth
It is cut from 50cm when to 70cm, stays 10~15, second level branch, then place's cutting from 65cm when Moringa regeneration grows to 90cm, is stayed
20~30, three-level branch；Fertilising is replenished in time according to the growing state of Moringa branches and leaves, retains after annual winter last time picking leaves
Whole 65~the 70cm of plant height of Moringa；
(6) pick and process:
The tender heart of 10~15cm of rudiment top of harvesting Moringa second level branch and three-level branch is cooked；Moringa mature leaf is harvested i.e. from leaf
Training is broken down at handle, and airing shakes off blade, and the Moringa mature leaf harvested, which can dry, does tea or progress deep processing；
Lemon-grass inflorescence can harvest when half-mature, spread dry it is spare.
Embodiment 4:
It is a kind of in the leaf Compound Management method of Moringa underwood planting lemon-grass, including following measures:
(1) forest land selects:
High temperature and rainy is selected, sunny, draining is good, the forest land of fertile soil, and it is annual without serious frostbite cold damage weather, every year
Rainfall is between 800~1800mm, and forest land height above sea level 600m is hereinafter, 15 ° of the gradient, and fertile soil is weakly acidic, soil cobble-stone
Content 6%；
(2) forest land site preparation:
Using terrace-type strip tillage；Tractor-ploughing digs depth 30cm, and at the horizontal furrow face of wide 2m, high 15cm, furrow face pressed on ridge
It beats after 1000kg/ mus of organic fertilizer mixed soils and carefully rakes, furrow two sides guarantee that draining ditch water discharge is smooth；Apart from upper gutter 10cm
Furrow face at open the Moringa kind planting ditch of wide 5~8cm, deep 6~7cm；The gutter 10cm under distance, and apart from Moringa kind planting ditch
The furrow face belt-like zone of 50cm digs the lemon-grass seed furrow of line-spacing 35cm, wide 3~4cm, deep 2~3cm；The organic fertilizer be to
The raw material components of lower parts by weight are prepared: 33 parts of pig manures, 22 parts of peanut shells, 13 parts of phosphorus tailings, 15 parts of manioc wastes, 7 parts of urea,
8 parts of orange peel Aqueous extracts, 6 parts of Grape Skin Aqueous extracts, 9 parts of bacillus subtilises, 5 parts of lactobacillus plantarums, 5 parts of cellulomonas；Institute
The preparation method for stating organic fertilizer be first pig manure, peanut shell, phosphorus tailing, manioc waste and urea are mixed, then spray when stirring by
The mixed liquor that orange peel Aqueous extracts, Grape Skin Aqueous extracts, bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus plantarum and cellulomonas mix, mixing
It ferments in investment fermentor or fermentation tank after uniformly, the temperature for controlling fermentation is 38 DEG C, and fermentation can be obtained after 15 days
Machine fertilizer；The orange peel Aqueous extracts are after orange peel and water are mixed decoction 1 hour according to the mass ratio of 1:5, to filter to take filter
Liquid obtains orange peel Aqueous extracts；The Grape Skin Aqueous extracts are that Grape Skin and water is small according to the mass ratio mixing decoction 1 of 1:5
Shi Hou filters to take filtrate and obtains Grape Skin Aqueous extracts；
(3) it plants:
Plantation Moringa and lemon-grass are sowed in late March；Pass through seed treatment every 50cm program request 2~3 in Moringa kind planting ditch
Moringa seeds, 4~6cm of earthing, compacting；It broadcasts sowing after lemongrass grass seed is mixed fine earth or plant ash by 2kg/ mus of grain weight in perfume (or spice)
In cogongrass seed furrow, earthing 2cm；The seed treatment refers to that the liquor potassic permanganate for being 0.2% with mass concentration impregnates moringa seeds
1h after pulling flushing out, is impregnated with 65 DEG C of warm water, is changed within every 4 hours water 1 time, pulls standby broadcast out after impregnating 12h；
(4) woodland is managed and protected:
After Moringa seed rudiment 15 days, cuts weeds in conjunction with ridging and carry out even seedling and after-culture；After Moringa seed rudiment 30 days, tied after rain
Close weeding apply nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium available nutrient content be 40% leaching compound fertilizer, 15kg/ mus of dose；Whenever weed growth
Artificial weeding is carried out when 30~50cm, top dressing 200kg after each weeding, fertilizer used in top dressing be by people according to parts by weight
500 parts of animal manure fertilizer, 100 parts of fine earth, 35 parts of urea, 10 parts of orange peel Aqueous extracts ferment 2 days obtained fertilizer after evenly mixing；
The orange peel Aqueous extracts are after orange peel and water are mixed decoction 1 hour according to the mass ratio of 1:5, to filter to take filtrate and obtain
Orange peel Aqueous extracts；
(5) Pruning and rectifying:
When Moringa grows high 50m, trunk is cut from 30cm, Their First Branch 3~4 are stayed after rudiment, then to Moringa regrowth
It is cut from 50cm when to 70cm, stays 10~15, second level branch, then place's cutting from 65cm when Moringa regeneration grows to 90cm, is stayed
20~30, three-level branch；Fertilising is replenished in time according to the growing state of Moringa branches and leaves, retains after annual winter last time picking leaves
Whole 65~the 70cm of plant height of Moringa；
(6) pick and process:
The tender heart of 10~15cm of rudiment top of harvesting Moringa second level branch and three-level branch is cooked；Moringa mature leaf is harvested i.e. from leaf
Training is broken down at handle, and airing shakes off blade, and the Moringa mature leaf harvested, which can dry, does tea or progress deep processing；
Lemon-grass inflorescence can harvest when half-mature, spread dry it is spare.
Comparative example 1:
It is with individually marking off the Moringa pure forest control sample come with plot bottom class identical at embodiment 1.This comparative example sample ground site preparation
Consistent with embodiment 1 with Moringa planting density, difference is: base manure is the mixed fertilizer that general planting uses, only to Moringa
Normal branches and leaves picking is done, does not carry out fine Pruning and rectifying.
Comparative example 2:
It is with individually marking off the lemon-grass nonoculture sample come with plot bottom class identical at embodiment 4.This comparative example lemon-grass sample
Site preparation and lemon-grass planting patterns and embodiment 4 are consistent, and difference is: base manure is the mixed fertilizer that general planting uses.
The present inventor tests since in March, 2016 in the village Na Tan in the Nanning Xixiangtang District town Tan Luo and the village Shang Zheng
Implement the Moringa described in the Compound Management method and comparative example of Moringa underwood planting lemon-grass described in above-described embodiment
With the implantation methods of lemon-grass, related data the results are shown in Table 1.
1 the technology of the present invention of table is implemented 2 years, and Moringa and the average annual yield of lemon-grass and implementation point soil nutrient content change a feelings
Condition table
As seen from Table 1, the application of technology through the invention, after plantation 2 years, Moringa and lemon-grass growth in embodiment 1,2,3,4
Vigorous, plant health, no disease and pests harm obtains considerable Moringa leaf yield, lemon-grass harvest yield after harvesting, has good economic effect
Benefit；Plant Diversity increased by Compound Management simultaneously, land utilization efficiency greatly improves, particularly the effective N of soil nutrient,
P, than improving a lot before Compound Management, soil texture is improved K content, has embodied good ecological benefits.
Compare the present embodiment 1~3 and comparative example 1 is found, under the conditions ofs identical soil climate etc., Moringa in comparative example 1
Lack organic fertilizer used in the technology of the present invention, soil fertility decaying, or even effectively P content negative growth in planting process, it is peppery
The wooden late growth is out of strength, in addition lacking the Pruning and rectifying of science, shoot and leaf growth amount is substantially reduced, and tender heart dish and mature fresh leaf are only
1/2 or so of Examples 1 to 4 yield.This explanation compares comparative example 1 with better using the Examples 1 to 3 of the technology of the present invention
Good Its Eco-economic Benefit.
Compare the present embodiment 4 and comparative example 2 is found, under the conditions ofs identical soil climate etc., in comparative example and embodiment
The yield of lemon-grass is without significant difference, but comparative example 2 lacks the output of Moringa plantation, and economic well-being of workers and staff lags significantly behind embodiment 4；
4 soil nutrient content of embodiment obtains good improvement, alkaline hydrolysis N content, effective P content and effective K content than comparative example 2 simultaneously
It is significantly improved.This explanation, which compares comparative example 2 using the embodiment 4 of the technology of the present invention, has more good ecology warp
Ji benefit.
In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of embodiments, but not each embodiment is only wrapped
Containing an independent technical solution, this description of the specification is merely for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should
It considers the specification as a whole, the technical solutions in the various embodiments may also be suitably combined, forms those skilled in the art
The other embodiments being understood that.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of in the leaf Compound Management method of Moringa underwood planting lemon-grass, it is characterised in that: including following measures:
(1) forest land selects:
High temperature and rainy is selected, sunny, draining is good, the forest land of fertile soil, and it is annual without serious frostbite cold damage weather, every year
Rainfall is between 800~1800mm, and forest land height above sea level 600m is hereinafter, the gradient≤20 °, and soil is in neutrality or faintly acid, in soil
Gravel concentration≤10%；
(2) forest land site preparation:
Overall site preparation is used when 10 ° of forest land gradient <, and terrace-type strip tillage is used when the 10 °≤forest land gradient≤20 °；Soil
Earth digs depth >=25cm, and ridge is at the horizontal furrow face of wide 1.5~2m, high 10~15cm, and furrow face is by 1000kg/ mus of organic fertilizer mixing
It beats after soil and carefully rakes, furrow two sides guarantee that draining ditch water discharge is smooth；Opened at the furrow face apart from upper gutter 10cm wide 5~8cm,
The Moringa kind planting ditch of deep 6~7cm；The gutter 10cm under distance, and the furrow face belt-like zone apart from Moringa kind planting ditch 50cm
Dig the lemon-grass seed furrow of line-spacing 35cm, wide 3~4cm, deep 2~3cm；
(3) it plants:
Plantation Moringa and lemon-grass are sowed 3~April；In Moringa kind planting ditch every 50cm program request 2~3 by seed treatment
Moringa seeds, 4~6cm of earthing, compacting；It is broadcasted sowing after lemongrass grass seed is mixed fine earth or plant ash by 1.8~2kg/ mus of grain weight
In in lemon-grass seed furrow, 1~2cm of earthing；
(4) woodland is managed and protected:
After Moringa seed rudiment 15 days, cuts weeds in conjunction with ridging and carry out even seedling and after-culture；After Moringa seed rudiment 30 days, tied after rain
It closes weeding and applies the leaching compound fertilizer of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium available nutrient content >=35%, 15kg/ mus of dose；Whenever weed growth
Artificial weeding is carried out when 30~50cm, top dressing 200kg after each weeding, fertilizer used in top dressing be by people according to parts by weight
500 parts of animal manure fertilizer, 100 parts of fine earth, 35 parts of urea, 10 parts of orange peel Aqueous extracts ferment 2 days obtained fertilizer after evenly mixing；
(5) Pruning and rectifying:
When Moringa grows high 50m, trunk is cut from 30cm, Their First Branch 3~4 are stayed after rudiment, then to Moringa regrowth
It is cut from 50cm when to 70cm, stays 10~15, second level branch, then place's cutting from 65cm when Moringa regeneration grows to 90cm, is stayed
20~30, three-level branch；Fertilising is replenished in time according to the growing state of Moringa branches and leaves, retains after annual winter last time picking leaves
Whole 65~the 70cm of plant height of Moringa；
(6) pick and process:
The tender heart of 10~15cm of rudiment top of harvesting Moringa second level branch and three-level branch is cooked；Moringa mature leaf is harvested i.e. from leaf
Training is broken down at handle, and airing shakes off blade, and the Moringa mature leaf harvested, which can dry, does tea or progress deep processing；
Lemon-grass inflorescence can harvest when half-mature, spread dry it is spare.
2. according to claim 1 a kind of in the leaf Compound Management method of Moringa underwood planting lemon-grass, feature exists
In: step (2) described organic fertilizer is prepared with the raw material components of following parts by weight: 30~35 parts of pig manures, 20~25 parts of flowers
Raw shell, 10~15 parts of phosphorus tailings, 15 parts of manioc wastes, 5~8 parts of urea, 6~9 parts of orange peel Aqueous extracts, 5~7 parts of grape severe edema due to hypofunction of the spleens mention
Liquid, 8~10 parts of bacillus subtilises, 4~5 parts of lactobacillus plantarums, 5~6 parts of cellulomonas；The preparation method of the organic fertilizer is
First pig manure, peanut shell, phosphorus tailing, manioc waste and urea are mixed, then sprayed when stirring by orange peel Aqueous extracts, the grape severe edema due to hypofunction of the spleen
The mixed liquor that extract, bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus plantarum and cellulomonas mix puts into fermentor or fermentation after mixing
It ferments in slot, the temperature for controlling fermentation is 36~38 DEG C, and organic fertilizer can be obtained after 15 days in fermentation.
3. according to claim 2 a kind of in the leaf Compound Management method of Moringa underwood planting lemon-grass, feature exists
In: orange peel Aqueous extracts described in step (2) and step (4) are to mix orange peel and water according to the mass ratio of 1:5 to decoct 1
After hour, filters to take filtrate and obtain orange peel Aqueous extracts；Step (2) the Grape Skin Aqueous extracts are by Grape Skin and water according to 1:
After 5 mass ratio mixing decocts 1 hour, filters to take filtrate and obtain Grape Skin Aqueous extracts.
4. according to claim 1 a kind of in the leaf Compound Management method of Moringa underwood planting lemon-grass, feature exists
In: step (3) described seed treatment refers to that the liquor potassic permanganate for being 0.2% with mass concentration impregnates moringa seeds 1h, pulls flushing out
Afterwards, it is impregnated, is changed within every 4 hours water 1 time with 65 DEG C of warm water, pull standby broadcast out after impregnating 12h.
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| CN110771298A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-02-11 | 云南吉成园林科技股份有限公司 | Plant cultivation method for ecological restoration |
| CN111837788A (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2020-10-30 | 高玉宗 | Method for improving under-forest vegetation yield in under-forest economic forest and grass mode |
| CN113303164A (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2021-08-27 | 广西壮族自治区国有七坡林场 | Method for planting under forest efficiently |
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| CN107371973A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2017-11-24 | 桂平市金田镇旷福淮山种植专业合作社 | A kind of cultural method of Moringa interplanting mung bean |
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| CN111837788A (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2020-10-30 | 高玉宗 | Method for improving under-forest vegetation yield in under-forest economic forest and grass mode |
| CN113303164A (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2021-08-27 | 广西壮族自治区国有七坡林场 | Method for planting under forest efficiently |
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Application publication date: 20190326 Assignee: Guangxi Wuzhou Ningye Modern Agricultural Development Co.,Ltd. Assignor: GUANGXI ZHUANG AUTONOMOUS REGION FORESTRY Research Institute Contract record no.: X2023980046499 Denomination of invention: A Compound Management Method for Planting Lemongrass under the Leaf Spicy Wood Forest Granted publication date: 20210219 License type: Common License Record date: 20231109 |