CN102523945A - Method for grafting and transforming old fruit trees - Google Patents
Method for grafting and transforming old fruit trees Download PDFInfo
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- CN102523945A CN102523945A CN2012100453271A CN201210045327A CN102523945A CN 102523945 A CN102523945 A CN 102523945A CN 2012100453271 A CN2012100453271 A CN 2012100453271A CN 201210045327 A CN201210045327 A CN 201210045327A CN 102523945 A CN102523945 A CN 102523945A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture and in particular discloses a method for grafting and transforming old fruit trees. The method has the following beneficial effects that: transformation of inferior varieties to fine varieties is realized by transforming old and inferior fruit trees and big trees; the method is a technical innovation; after grafting is successful, the fruit branches in the same year can grow to 1.2-1.4 meters, the fruit trees can obtain adequate nutrients, sick trees, weak trees and dead trees are reduced, crowns can be rapidly recovered, and the grafted fruit trees can shape up in one year and blossom and fruit in the next year and the yield is recovered. The method is simple and has strong operability; the crowns in the same year can be recovered through top grafting; high yield can be obtained in the next year; the aims of early fruition, early high yield and high economic benefits are achieved; and the method is suitable for wide popularization and application.
Description
(1) technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural technology field, particularly the grafting renovation method of a kind of old fruit tree.
(2) background technology
The between twenty and fifty big fruit tree inferior with new varieties reconfiguration kind is the big problem that must arouse attention that current fruit tree upgrades; Because the current market demand of kind incompatibility; Make a lot of orchard workers lose management; A large amount of phenomenons of digging tree occur, the big tree of perennation only is destroyed overnight because of kind falls behind; A lot of masses also attempt grafting high and changing head, but traditional grafting high and changing head method, because the branch of grafting is very little; The nutrition of leaf area manufacturing can not be satisfied the needs that big tree root is; Cause the root system mortality, so the next year after grafting, usually cause tree to go up and dead the tree with setting growth imbalance down; Even if become to have lived, also greatly delayed the time limit as a result, can not form tree crown; The sort of in addition grafting method forces on the setting fruit position and moves, for management causes very big difficulty, and the needs of the incompatible harvesting of going sightseeing.
(3) summary of the invention
The present invention is in order to remedy the deficiency of prior art, provides that a kind of method is simple, the grafting renovation method of the old fruit tree of strong operability.
The present invention realizes through following technical scheme:
The grafting renovation method of a kind of old fruit tree, the old fruit tree that upgrades with needs is the basis, comprises the steps:
(1) old fruit tree trunk, major branch are decaptitated, withe all removes, and becomes stock to be connect;
(2) scrape off the outer fat tree skin of trunk, make it be smooth state;
(3) branch living then, healthy and strong, that do not sprout is as yet selected in scion;
(4) doing definite spacing along trunk, major branch is the grafting point of 18 ~ 25cm, on grafting point, opens a square opening, cuts T-shaped mouthful from the square opening lower limb, and scion is whittled into ligule, otch butt joint insertion T-shaped mouth;
(5) with the colligation of grafting film special, the opening on the limb to be tightened close with plastic packets, otch is smeared with preservative or vaseline.
The present invention passes through old bad fruit tree and big tree are transformed, and the realization inferior strain is changed excellent, is a technological innovation, after the grafting success; Fruit branch can grow to 1.2 ~ 1.4 meters then, and fruit tree can obtain sufficient nutrition, has reduced sick, weak, dead tree, can recover tree crown rapidly; It is tree-like for ease of management and the suitable cup-shaped of plucking that fruit tree behind the reconfiguration just can become in 1 year, just yielded positive results in 1 year, recovers output; Obtained big hat and changed that coronule, Gao Guan change low hat, inferior strain improvement kind, low yield uprises product, realized the positive effect of the tree-like conversion of high light efficiency, for from now in low yield, inferior strain orchard transformation; Change the backward way of tradition of changing little tree with big tree completely, veteran is radiated the vigour of youth, increased peasant's income; Kept ecological balance, for building sight-seeing agriculture, plucked the orchard and created condition simultaneously.
More excellent scheme of the present invention is:
In the step (5), during colligation, a colligation skim above the axillalry bud in the scion, other twine with the axillalry bud is the center, front and back are sturdy, can the bursting film when being beneficial to axillary bud sprouting.
In the step (4), grafting was watered stock once permeable in preceding 4 ~ 6 days, to promote the cambial activity of stock, was beneficial to the raising graft survival rate.
In the step (4), when scion is whittled into ligule, splay downwards at scion base portion 3cm place, from the superficial to the deep; The inclined-plane is smooth, and most advanced and sophisticated both sides, the back side on inclined-plane respectively are whittled into the little inclined-plane of 0.5 ~ 1cm, long 2cm; Last in the straight partial application in 0.5cm place, the top of bud, cut off scion, form the simple bud scion.
The present invention can make full use of original tree body skeleton, and it is fast that tree crown recovers, and on the skeleton branch of big tree of growing up, carries out height and connects; Adopt many grafting fringe, general in the both sides of skeleton branch, require to insert about 20 centimeters a scion; The big tree in 10 years need connect 100 ~ 150 scion, and builds be convenient to manage tree-like according to the needs of thinking, has solved the problem of thorax light leg in the fruit tree; Greatly improve area as a result, improved the output and the quality of fruit.
The inventive method is simple, the operability chamber, and height connects then tree crown and just can recover, and next year can be obtained high yield, has obtained precocity fruiting, the purpose that gets bumper crops morning, economic benefit is high, is suitable for wide popularization and application.
(4) embodiment
Embodiment:
(1) grafting period
Generally ideal when the mobile cortex of resin in the early spring is prone to exsomatize.The healing of cambium tissue is o'clock best with 22 ~ 26 ℃ of monthly mean temperatures, relative moisture 70 ~ 80%; Just rained or temperature is crossed and low too highly all should not be carried out grafting.
(2) scion chooses
The kind of reconfiguration should be the improved seeds that market capacity is arranged; The elite stand of taking scion should be that tree vigo(u)r is strong, the middle age tree of high yield no damage by disease and insect of fine quality; Select 1 year living medium-coarse, the loose branch of sprout for use, must in the winter time or gather scion early spring, go into to store low tempertaure storage, take out during to grafting.
(3) preparation
(1) stock pruning, rossing
Before the grafting wipe the bark from old tress on the big tree stock off; And combine this grafting to carry out shaping, and transform according to the tree-like of cup-like shape, it is tree-like to put in order a high light efficiency again; And reduction setting fruit position; Implement to downgrade management, on the height of convenient management, cut trunk and major branch, generally about 2 meters, be advisable at height.
(2) prepare sharp scraper (scraping bark from old tress uses); Grafting knife and flat chisel, flat chisel are to be used for cutting a hole the specific purpose tool that bark from old tress is used, the plastic film that (preferably own customized) and colligation are used.
(3) grafting is preceding about 5 days, and it is permeable to water once for big tree stock, promotes the cambial activity of stock, in order to improving graft survival rate.
(4) grafting method
(1) on big tree trunk that cuts or major branch side, chooses smooth place, according to the requirement that once forms the high yield tree crown; The requirement of 20 centimeters scion of general distance, with horizontal cutter one shovel of flat chisel, horizontal digging out downcut with flat chisel by 2 centimeters places on this shovel more earlier; Take off this part bark; Become " T " notched cut, above transverse incision, cut semicircular skin, be beneficial to scion and closely be connected with stock; Then, longer slightly with the straight from the top down partial application of flat chisel than scion according to the length of scion at horizontal cutter one shovel place, require otch straight.
(2) splay downwards at scion base portion 3cm place, dark by shallow people, the inclined-plane requires flat, and most advanced and sophisticated both sides, the back side on big inclined-plane respectively are whittled into the little inclined-plane of 0.5 ~ 1 cm, is advisable about long 2cm.Last in the straight partial application in 0.5 cm place of the top of bud, cut off scion, form the simple bud scion.
(3) right hand is arrested and has been cut in the scion insertion stock otch, and the lower end pushes against stock mouth bottom, and scion is aimed at the cambium of two bevels of stock and is adjacent to, and is after scion is inserted, with mulch film that grafting part is totally-enclosed.Attention will seal, and the place of buddering only uses thin film.Be beneficial to budder when sprouting, can the bursting film.
(5) connect the back management
(1) removes sprout tillers
When annual meeting sprouts a lot of sprout tillers from former parent, connect the usefulness except that stay a part of descendant to do to mend at suitable position.All the other should in time be erased, and become to live and normal growth in order to buddering.Bud picking should repeatedly be erased early, in case cause a large amount of nutrient losses, the influence growth of buddering makes sure to keep in mind to open the Polypropylence Sheet of bondage, and bud can be worn out Polypropylence Sheet and grow voluntarily, otherwise can open the bud bud of dying.
(2) benefit connects
Should store a part of scion at refrigerator.End of the branch to not becoming to live is removed one section, mends with the scion of storage to connect.
(3) budder the vigorous period that gets into alive, need a large amount of nutriments, must strengthen the rich water supply, carry out spray leaf fertilizer in conjunction with the extermination of disease and insect pest.And look soil moisture content and pour water in good time,
The present invention can be widely used in the kind transformation of multiple fruit trees such as apricot, peach, apple, pears, walnut, persimmon and change excellent.
Claims (4)
1. the grafting renovation method of an old fruit tree, the old fruit tree that upgrades with needs is the basis, it is characterized by, and comprises the steps:
(1) old fruit tree trunk, major branch are decaptitated, withe all removes, and becomes stock to be connect; (2) scrape off the outer fat tree skin of trunk, make it be smooth state;
(3) branch living then, healthy and strong, that do not sprout is as yet selected in scion;
(4) doing definite spacing along trunk, major branch is the grafting point of 18 ~ 25cm, on grafting point, opens a square opening, cuts T-shaped mouthful from the square opening lower limb, and scion is whittled into ligule, otch butt joint insertion T-shaped mouth;
(5) with the colligation of grafting film special, the opening on the limb to be tightened close with plastic packets, otch is smeared with preservative or vaseline.
2. the grafting renovation method of old fruit tree according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the step (5), and during colligation, a colligation skim above the axillalry bud in the scion, other twine with the axillalry bud is the center, front and back are sturdy.
3. the grafting renovation method of old fruit tree according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the step (4), grafting was watered once stock permeable in preceding 4 ~ 6 days.
4. the grafting renovation method of old fruit tree according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the step (4), when scion is whittled into ligule; Splay downwards at scion base portion 3cm place, from the superficial to the deep, the inclined-plane is smooth; Most advanced and sophisticated both sides, the back side on inclined-plane respectively are whittled into the little inclined-plane of 0.5 ~ 1cm, and long 2cm is last in the straight partial application in 0.5cm place, the top of bud; Cut off scion, form the simple bud scion.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012100453271A CN102523945A (en) | 2012-02-27 | 2012-02-27 | Method for grafting and transforming old fruit trees |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012100453271A CN102523945A (en) | 2012-02-27 | 2012-02-27 | Method for grafting and transforming old fruit trees |
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| CN102523945A true CN102523945A (en) | 2012-07-04 |
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| CN2012100453271A Pending CN102523945A (en) | 2012-02-27 | 2012-02-27 | Method for grafting and transforming old fruit trees |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104126422A (en) * | 2014-07-25 | 2014-11-05 | 普定县绿源苗业开发有限公司 | Grafting method for Prunus salicina |
| CN104381029A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2015-03-04 | 赵廷松 | Novel grafting reformation method for large Yunnan walnut trees |
| CN104584968A (en) * | 2014-11-13 | 2015-05-06 | 迁西县板栗产业研究发展中心 | Grafting method for rejuvenation of aged Chinese chestnut trees |
| CN106718529A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-05-31 | 河南科技大学 | A kind of best fruiting period walnut grafting high and changing head method |
| CN107306673A (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2017-11-03 | 福建省农业科学院果树研究所 | A kind of reverse graft method for effectively facilitating the tree-like dwarfing of potted plant Kiwi berry |
| CN110326439A (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2019-10-15 | 承德市林业技术推广总站 | The efficiently fast rich graft technology of one planting fruit-trees |
| CN111527972A (en) * | 2020-06-01 | 2020-08-14 | 安徽省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Method for transforming low-effect plum garden |
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| CN88105222A (en) * | 1988-03-08 | 1988-10-12 | 牟平县观水镇果树技术推广站 | Orchard optimization reforming techniques method |
| CN101642098A (en) * | 2009-08-26 | 2010-02-10 | 刘学平 | Method for preventing and curing fruit tree diseases and pests by using Vaseline medicine |
| CN102301919A (en) * | 2009-12-14 | 2012-01-04 | 高志平 | Technology for grafting old and inferior fruit trees |
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2012
- 2012-02-27 CN CN2012100453271A patent/CN102523945A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
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| CN88105222A (en) * | 1988-03-08 | 1988-10-12 | 牟平县观水镇果树技术推广站 | Orchard optimization reforming techniques method |
| CN101642098A (en) * | 2009-08-26 | 2010-02-10 | 刘学平 | Method for preventing and curing fruit tree diseases and pests by using Vaseline medicine |
| CN102301919A (en) * | 2009-12-14 | 2012-01-04 | 高志平 | Technology for grafting old and inferior fruit trees |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104126422A (en) * | 2014-07-25 | 2014-11-05 | 普定县绿源苗业开发有限公司 | Grafting method for Prunus salicina |
| CN104126422B (en) * | 2014-07-25 | 2016-08-24 | 普定县绿源苗业开发有限公司 | A kind of engrafting method of red crisp Lee |
| CN104584968A (en) * | 2014-11-13 | 2015-05-06 | 迁西县板栗产业研究发展中心 | Grafting method for rejuvenation of aged Chinese chestnut trees |
| CN104584968B (en) * | 2014-11-13 | 2017-02-22 | 迁西县板栗产业研究发展中心 | Grafting method for rejuvenation of aged Chinese chestnut trees |
| CN104381029A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2015-03-04 | 赵廷松 | Novel grafting reformation method for large Yunnan walnut trees |
| CN104381029B (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2016-09-07 | 赵廷松 | Walnut big tree transformation engrafting method |
| CN106718529A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-05-31 | 河南科技大学 | A kind of best fruiting period walnut grafting high and changing head method |
| CN107306673A (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2017-11-03 | 福建省农业科学院果树研究所 | A kind of reverse graft method for effectively facilitating the tree-like dwarfing of potted plant Kiwi berry |
| CN110326439A (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2019-10-15 | 承德市林业技术推广总站 | The efficiently fast rich graft technology of one planting fruit-trees |
| CN111527972A (en) * | 2020-06-01 | 2020-08-14 | 安徽省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Method for transforming low-effect plum garden |
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Application publication date: 20120704 |