CN102301919A - Technology for grafting old and inferior fruit trees - Google Patents
Technology for grafting old and inferior fruit trees Download PDFInfo
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- CN102301919A CN102301919A CN200910262887A CN200910262887A CN102301919A CN 102301919 A CN102301919 A CN 102301919A CN 200910262887 A CN200910262887 A CN 200910262887A CN 200910262887 A CN200910262887 A CN 200910262887A CN 102301919 A CN102301919 A CN 102301919A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a grafting technology and specifically relates to a technology for grafting old and inferior fruit trees, belonging to the technical field of grafting fruit trees. The old and inferior fruit trees can achieve the effect of changing the inferior fruit trees to the superior fruit trees through grasping grafting period, selection of cion, grafting method and management after grafting. The technology provided by the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the success rate is high, the grafted fruit trees can grow up after one year, and the grafted fruit trees have high yield after two years; and the technology can be widely applied to top grafting and superior changing of economic forest tree varieties, such as apple, pear, walnut and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of graft technology, be specifically related to the old bad fruit tree technology of reconfiguration, belong to the fruit-tree grafting technical field.
Background technology
Old bad fruit tree and big tree reconfiguration are that inferior strain is changed an excellent shortcut.Traditional grafting high and changing head method, because the technology of grafting is not proper, the next year after grafting, usually cause upward dead tree of tree, not only play inferior strain and change excellent result with tree growth imbalance down, tree is caused death.The fruit tree that grafting is successful is at least also taken 3 years and just can reach high yield.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is for overcoming the weak point of above-mentioned prior art, provide a kind of reconfiguration old bad fruit tree technology,, make old bad fruit tree reach inferior strain and change excellent effect through to the choosing of grafting period, scion, grafting method with connect the assurance of back management.
The present invention realizes with following technical scheme: the old bad fruit tree technology of a kind of reconfiguration, this technology comprise the choosing of grafting period, scion, grafting method and connect the assurance of back management, specifically carry out as follows:
(1) grafting period, generally the early spring resin cortex that flows ideal when being prone to exsomatize, monthly mean temperature 22-26 ℃, best during relative moisture 70%-80%;
(2) scion is chosen, and the elite stand of scion adopts that tree vigo(u)r is strong, the middle age tree of high yield no damage by disease and insect of fine quality, and the branch of 1 year livings medium-coarse, sprout hypertrophy is selected in scion for use, preferably in the winter time or gather scion early spring, goes into the kiln low tempertaure storage, takes out during to grafting;
(3) grafting method, carry out as follows:
1) on trunks of fruit trees that cuts or major branch side; Choose smooth place; According to the requirement that once forms the high yield tree crown; The requirement of i.e. 20 centimeters scion of general distance, with horizontal cutter one shovel of flat chisel, horizontal cutter place is downcut with flat chisel by 2 centimeters places on this shovel more earlier; This part bark is taken off; Then at horizontal cutter one shovel place, according to the length of scion with the straight from the top down partial application of flat chisel than the long 0.5-1cm of scion, require otch straight;
2) from the superficial to the deep splay downwards at scion base portion 3cm place, the inclined-plane will be put down, and most advanced and sophisticated both sides, the back side on big inclined-plane respectively are whittled into the little inclined-plane of 0.5-1cm, and long 1.5-2.5cm is last in the straight partial application in 0.5cm place, the top of bud, cuts off scion;
3) scion that will cut is inserted in the stock otch, and the lower end pushes against stock mouth bottom, and scion is aimed at the cambium of two bevels of stock and is adjacent to, and is tight the grafting part wrapping with Polypropylence Sheet then, general 30-50 bud.
(4) connect the back management, comprise bud picking and the growing season management of buddering, concrete measure is following:
1) bud picking, the rudiment of sprouting on the stock of in time erasing can not be opened the Polypropylence Sheet of bondage;
2) growing season management of buddering is strengthened rich water and is supplied with, and carries out spray leaf fertilizer in conjunction with the extermination of disease and insect pest.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: success rate is high, and the fruit tree behind the reconfiguration can moulding in a year, 2 years high yields, adaptable across the height of economic forest seeds such as apple, pears, walnut connect change excellent.
Embodiment
Be described further in the face of the present invention down.
Embodiment 1
The old bad fruit tree technology of a kind of reconfiguration, this technology comprise the choosing of grafting period, scion, grafting method and connect the assurance of back management, specifically carry out as follows:
(1) grafting period, generally ideal when the mobile cortex of resin in the early spring is prone to exsomatize, 22 ℃ of monthly mean temperatures, relative moisture 70%;
(2) scion is chosen, and the elite stand of scion adopts that tree vigo(u)r is strong, the middle age tree of high yield no damage by disease and insect of fine quality, and the branch of 1 year livings medium-coarse, sprout hypertrophy is selected in scion for use, gathers scion in the winter time, goes into the kiln low tempertaure storage, takes out during to grafting;
(3) grafting method, carry out as follows:
1) on the trunks of fruit trees that cuts; Choose smooth place; According to the requirement that once forms the high yield tree crown; The requirement of i.e. 20 centimeters scion of general distance, with horizontal cutter one shovel of flat chisel, horizontal cutter place is downcut with flat chisel by 2 centimeters places on this shovel more earlier; This part bark is taken off; Then at horizontal cutter one shovel place, according to the length of scion with the straight from the top down partial application of flat chisel than the long 1cm of scion, require otch straight;
2) from the superficial to the deep splay downwards at scion base portion 3cm place, the inclined-plane will be put down, and most advanced and sophisticated both sides, the back side on big inclined-plane respectively are whittled into the little inclined-plane of 1cm, and long 2.5cm is last in the straight partial application in 0.5cm place, the top of bud, cuts off scion;
3) scion that will cut is inserted in the stock otch, and the lower end pushes against stock mouth bottom, and scion is aimed at the cambium of two bevels of stock and is adjacent to, and is tight the grafting part wrapping with Polypropylence Sheet then, and 50 buds are arranged.
(4) connect the back management, comprise bud picking and the growing season management of buddering, concrete measure is following:
1) bud picking, the rudiment of sprouting on the stock of in time erasing can not be opened the Polypropylence Sheet of bondage;
2) growing season management of buddering is strengthened rich water and is supplied with, and carries out spray leaf fertilizer in conjunction with the extermination of disease and insect pest.
Embodiment 2
The old bad fruit tree technology of a kind of reconfiguration, this technology comprise the choosing of grafting period, scion, grafting method and connect the assurance of back management, specifically carry out as follows:
(1) grafting period, generally ideal when the mobile cortex of resin in the early spring is prone to exsomatize, 26 ℃ of monthly mean temperatures, relative moisture 80%;
(2) scion is chosen, and the elite stand of scion adopts that tree vigo(u)r is strong, the middle age tree of high yield no damage by disease and insect of fine quality, and the branch of 1 year livings medium-coarse, sprout hypertrophy is selected in scion for use, gathers scion in early spring, goes into the kiln low tempertaure storage, takes out during to grafting;
(3) grafting method, carry out as follows:
1) on the major branch side that cuts; Choose smooth place; According to the requirement that once forms the high yield tree crown; The requirement of i.e. 20 centimeters scion of general distance, with horizontal cutter one shovel of flat chisel, horizontal cutter place is downcut with flat chisel by 2 centimeters places on this shovel more earlier; This part bark is taken off; Then at horizontal cutter one shovel place, according to the length of scion with the straight from the top down partial application of flat chisel than the long 0.5cm of scion, require otch straight;
2) from the superficial to the deep splay downwards at scion base portion 3cm place, the inclined-plane will be put down, and most advanced and sophisticated both sides, the back side on big inclined-plane respectively are whittled into the little inclined-plane of 0.5cm, and long 1.5cm is last in the straight partial application in 0.5cm place, the top of bud, cuts off scion;
3) scion that will cut is inserted in the stock otch, and the lower end pushes against stock mouth bottom, and scion is aimed at the cambium of two bevels of stock and is adjacent to, and is tight the grafting part wrapping with Polypropylence Sheet then, and 35 buds are arranged.
(4) connect the back management, comprise bud picking and the growing season management of buddering, concrete measure is following:
1) bud picking, the rudiment of sprouting on the stock of in time erasing can not be opened the Polypropylence Sheet of bondage;
2) growing season management of buddering is strengthened rich water and is supplied with, and carries out spray leaf fertilizer in conjunction with the extermination of disease and insect pest.
Claims (1)
1. old bad fruit tree technology of reconfiguration is characterized in that: this technology comprises the choosing of grafting period, scion, grafting method and connects the assurance of back management, specifically carries out as follows:
(1) grafting period, generally the early spring resin cortex that flows ideal when being prone to exsomatize, monthly mean temperature 22-26 ℃, best during relative moisture 70%-80%;
(2) scion is chosen, and the elite stand of scion adopts that tree vigo(u)r is strong, the middle age tree of high yield no damage by disease and insect of fine quality, and the branch of 1 year livings medium-coarse, sprout hypertrophy is selected in scion for use, preferably in the winter time or gather scion early spring, goes into the kiln low tempertaure storage, takes out during to grafting;
(3) grafting method, carry out as follows:
1) on trunks of fruit trees that cuts or major branch side; Choose smooth place; According to the requirement that once forms the high yield tree crown; The requirement of i.e. 20 centimeters scion of general distance, with horizontal cutter one shovel of flat chisel, horizontal cutter place is downcut with flat chisel by 2 centimeters places on this shovel more earlier; This part bark is taken off; Then at horizontal cutter one shovel place, according to the length of scion with the straight from the top down partial application of flat chisel than the long 0.5-1cm of scion, require otch straight;
2) from the superficial to the deep splay downwards at scion base portion 3cm place, the inclined-plane will be put down, and most advanced and sophisticated both sides, the back side on big inclined-plane respectively are whittled into the little inclined-plane of 0.5-1cm, and long 1.5-2.5cm is last in the straight partial application in 0.5cm place, the top of bud, cuts off scion;
3) scion that will cut is inserted in the stock otch, and the lower end pushes against stock mouth bottom, and scion is aimed at the cambium of two bevels of stock and is adjacent to, and is tight the grafting part wrapping with Polypropylence Sheet then, general 30-50 bud.
(4) connect the back management, comprise bud picking and the growing season management of buddering, concrete measure is following:
1) bud picking, the rudiment of sprouting on the stock of in time erasing can not be opened the Polypropylence Sheet of bondage;
2) growing season management of buddering is strengthened rich water and is supplied with, and carries out spray leaf fertilizer in conjunction with the extermination of disease and insect pest.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910262887A CN102301919A (en) | 2009-12-14 | 2009-12-14 | Technology for grafting old and inferior fruit trees |
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| CN200910262887A CN102301919A (en) | 2009-12-14 | 2009-12-14 | Technology for grafting old and inferior fruit trees |
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| CN102301919A true CN102301919A (en) | 2012-01-04 |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102523945A (en) * | 2012-02-27 | 2012-07-04 | 张繁亮 | Method for grafting and transforming old fruit trees |
| CN102696408A (en) * | 2012-07-02 | 2012-10-03 | 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Grafting method for enhancing survival rate of grafted fruit trees |
| CN103718837A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-04-16 | 马明 | Adult-walnut-tree total-crown grafting method |
| CN104381029A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2015-03-04 | 赵廷松 | Novel grafting reformation method for large Yunnan walnut trees |
| CN105027995A (en) * | 2015-09-07 | 2015-11-11 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Improving and variety changing method for advanced age pear tree |
| CN105393805A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2016-03-16 | 张掖市林业科学研究院 | Apple tree top-grafting variety-changing method |
| CN105474940A (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2016-04-13 | 中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所 | Pecan low production forest improvement method |
| CN106718529A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-05-31 | 河南科技大学 | A kind of best fruiting period walnut grafting high and changing head method |
| CN109526429A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-03-29 | 汉中市农业科学研究所（陕西省水稻研究所） | A method of it rescues and protects for ancient and well-known trees |
| CN109743982A (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2019-05-14 | 谢方海 | Trees of Walnut stump engrafting method |
| CN111418427A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-07-17 | 张晓霞 | Method for dynamically balancing yin and yang waning and growing of fruit trees and high-joint head replacement |
-
2009
- 2009-12-14 CN CN200910262887A patent/CN102301919A/en active Pending
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102523945A (en) * | 2012-02-27 | 2012-07-04 | 张繁亮 | Method for grafting and transforming old fruit trees |
| CN102696408A (en) * | 2012-07-02 | 2012-10-03 | 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Grafting method for enhancing survival rate of grafted fruit trees |
| CN103718837A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-04-16 | 马明 | Adult-walnut-tree total-crown grafting method |
| CN104381029B (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2016-09-07 | 赵廷松 | Walnut big tree transformation engrafting method |
| CN104381029A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2015-03-04 | 赵廷松 | Novel grafting reformation method for large Yunnan walnut trees |
| CN105027995B (en) * | 2015-09-07 | 2017-08-25 | 江苏省农业科学院 | The method planted is changed in a kind of advanced age pear tree improvement |
| CN105027995A (en) * | 2015-09-07 | 2015-11-11 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Improving and variety changing method for advanced age pear tree |
| CN105393805A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2016-03-16 | 张掖市林业科学研究院 | Apple tree top-grafting variety-changing method |
| CN105474940A (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2016-04-13 | 中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所 | Pecan low production forest improvement method |
| CN106718529A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-05-31 | 河南科技大学 | A kind of best fruiting period walnut grafting high and changing head method |
| CN109743982A (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2019-05-14 | 谢方海 | Trees of Walnut stump engrafting method |
| CN109526429A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-03-29 | 汉中市农业科学研究所（陕西省水稻研究所） | A method of it rescues and protects for ancient and well-known trees |
| CN111418427A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-07-17 | 张晓霞 | Method for dynamically balancing yin and yang waning and growing of fruit trees and high-joint head replacement |
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Application publication date: 20120104 |