CN105474940A - Pecan low production forest improvement method - Google Patents
Pecan low production forest improvement method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105474940A CN105474940A CN201510739223.4A CN201510739223A CN105474940A CN 105474940 A CN105474940 A CN 105474940A CN 201510739223 A CN201510739223 A CN 201510739223A CN 105474940 A CN105474940 A CN 105474940A
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- grafting
- reconfiguration
- improvement
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- apocarya
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a pecan low production forest improvement method. The improvement method comprises: (a) pollination variety selection including the steps of: selecting superior clones of pollination varieties which are certificated (designated) by provincial improved forestry varieties approving committees or selected by research institutes and can be configured with original major varieties, gathering cuttings of the pollination varieties in January and February, and wax-sealing and refrigerating the cuttings for standby application; (b) improvement proportion including the steps of: configuring the pollination varieties with the proportion of 18-22% of the whole forest stand, and uniformly distributing the improved pollination varieties in the forest stand; (c) grafting method mainly adopting two improvement methods of bark grafting and side bark grafting, wherein the same improvement object can be grafted by using a single or a mixed improvement method; and (d) grafting time: grafting being carried out from April 1st to May 15th of each year. The improvement method has the advantages of easy operation, low cost and fast effect, the configuration effect can be obvious in the next year after improvement, and the high-yield purpose can be achieved after 3-4 years. The problem of fruitless and low production of a pecan forest stand which bothers farmers for several years is well solved.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of apocarya low production forest improvement method, belongs to the improving technology field of Plants.
Background technology
Apocarya is one of world-renowned dry fruit tree variety, and tool is nutritious, and local flavor is good, and shuck is thin, gets the advantages such as Renhe handling ease.Its kernel percent reaches more than 50%, oil content 78%.Plant benevolence and be rich in protein, the fatty acid composition mainly unsaturated acids of oil, wherein oleic acid 75.1% ~ 76.1%, linoleic acid 17.4% ~ 20.0%, unsaturated fatty acid and saturated fatty acid ratio are more than 10, being much higher than the olive oil that ratio is 6, is excellent healthy food, the dark welcome by consumer.Except fruit with except, apocarya trunk is logical straight, and tree height is large, tree performance is graceful, and be also the coastal greening in good Plain, " four is other " plantation seeds, its timber is widely used in military project, top-grade furniture etc.These seeds originate in U.S. Mississippi Valley one band, China introduces a fine variety existing a century of plantation, at present at extensive popularizing plantings in ground such as China Zhejiang, Yunnan, Jiangsu, Anhui, Jiangxi, Hubei, Hunan, in Henan, Shandong, Shanghai, Chongqing, Fujian, Sichuan etc. economizes (municipality directly under the Central Government) and introduces a fine variety plantation, in China, cultivation optimum plot size is wide, and growth momentum is swift and violent.
Although it is century-old that apocarya has introduced a fine variety plantation in China, still do not obtained scale, intensivization development so far, its reason mainly Seedling propagation solid late, yield poorly, natural resources shortage, kind is single.In addition, in production, also have that breeding scarcity, multiplication technique are low, kind mis-arrange causes the inferior a series of technical bottleneck that yields poorly, seriously govern the development of apocarya industry in China.The particularly apocarya standing forest of early implantation, due to kind single (mainly based on Ma Han), lack pollinated variety configuration, cause apocarya standing forest result poor-performing, not only have impact on the enthusiasm of self-employed tree cultivator and company's plantation development, also cause the delayed of China's cathay hickory industry development.In recent years, that studies apocarya along with scientific research institutions gos deep into, and not only selects the high-quality breeding of suitable China cultivation, also selects the pollination breeding carrying out kind configuration simultaneously, multiplication technique also makes a breakthrough, and graft survival rate improves more than 50%.Adopt the pollination breeding selected to be transformed by the mode of high-grafting the apocarya standing forest that early stage single variety is planted, thus reach kind configuration purpose, improve apocarya standing forest output.Current the ground such as China Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Anhui, Jiangxi and Yunnan have more because of kind mis-arrange cause apocarya standing forest to yield poorly under standing forest, this technology is applied in these regions at present, not only be subject to acceptance and the affirmative of numerous growers, unit are pecan grove ground output can also be improved simultaneously, there is good economic benefit and social benefit, great for promotion China apocarya industry Significance of Sustainable Development.
By planting the mode of pollinated variety seedling or the large tree of pollinated variety in apocarya standing forest that is single in kind, that lack configuration, reaching the object of kind configuration, thus improving apocarya standing forest output.
By prior art, although can solve apocarya standing forest yield poorly under problem, also there is following problem:
1) no matter be plant pollinated variety seedling or set greatly, all need have the large tree of kind to cut down in existing apocarya standing forest Central Plains, with vacating space plantation pollinated variety, the tree body quantity that original result potentiality can be made so larger tails off, and directly affects standing forest output;
2) if plantation pollinated variety seedling, from plantation to certain male pollen can be provided, at least need the time of more than 5 years, and between these 5 years, original standing forest output also cannot improve;
3) if the large tree of plantation pollinated variety, be first large tree expensive (diameter about 10cm greatly tree needs about 2000 yuan), configure 2 strain meters according to 1 mu of ground, every mu needs 4000 yuan; Next is that apocarya standing forest is many at mountain planting, transplants and plants large tree and all comparatively bother; It is finally the effect that progressively could manifest kind configuration after also needing the seedling-slowing stage of 1-2 after transplanting big tree.Therefore plantation pollination large tree cost is high, the time long, operating difficulties.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the deficiency overcoming prior art existence, comprise solution above-mentioned because kind is single or mis-arrange causes the problems such as apocarya standing forest low yield, a kind of simple and practical, approach of improving apocarya low production forest economic benefit is provided, be applicable to apocarya low production forest improvement, new approach and technology can be provided for apocarya low production forest improvement, be conducive to that self-employed tree cultivator increases income, forest land synergy, promote the apocarya low production forest improvement method of China's apocarya industry sustainable development.
The object of the invention is to have come by following technical solution, a kind of apocarya low production forest improvement method, described remodeling method comprises:
A) pollinated variety is selected: select the choiceness examining (recognizing) fixed or scientific research institutions' seed selection through high quality tree species validation board at the provincial and ministerial level, the pollinated variety that can be configured with former main breed, is gathering its fringe bar the 1-2 month and refrigeration of sealing with wax is for subsequent use;
B) ratio is transformed: the allocation ratio of pollinated variety is 18-22% of whole standing forest, and makes improved pollinated variety be uniformly distributed among standing forest;
C) reconfiguration method: mainly take cortex grafting and side bark-grafting two kinds of remodeling methods, and to same transformation object can take single or mixing remodeling method carry out reconfiguration;
D) the reconfiguration time: select to carry out reconfiguration between annual April 1 to May 15.
As preferably: described a) in the fringe bar that gathers require sprout full, without damage by disease and insect, rugosity 0.8-1.2cm;
Described c) in, described cortex grafting remodeling method comprises: cut scion, stock cuts, insert scion and tie up reconfiguration with plastic strip; Described side bark-grafting remodeling method comprises: select the cutting scion of certain radian, adopt the smooth place of stock bark to cut a "T"-shaped mouth, the bandy insertion scion of radian and sternly also use the reconfiguration method of plastic strip colligation with plastic film bag;
Described d) in, reconfiguration selection of time is between April 5 to April 25.
The present invention use a kind of economical, effectively, apocarya low production forest improvement method efficiently, the Low yield forest that the ground such as current China Zhejiang, Yunnan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi and Anhui exist is transformed, there is easy to operate, the advantage such as cost is low, instant effect, transformation Second Year just just can show allocative effect, reaches the object of high yield after 3-4; Not only thoroughly solve puzzlement plantation family apocarya standing forest for many years not result, problem that result is low, good demonstration effect can also be played simultaneously, promote China's apocarya industry sustainable development.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention will be described in detail: a kind of apocarya low production forest improvement method of the present invention, and described remodeling method comprises:
A) pollinated variety is selected: select the choiceness examining (recognizing) fixed or scientific research institutions' seed selection through high quality tree species validation board at the provincial and ministerial level, the pollinated variety that can be configured with former main breed, is gathering its fringe bar the 1-2 month and refrigeration of sealing with wax is for subsequent use;
B) ratio is transformed: the allocation ratio of pollinated variety is 18-22% of whole standing forest, and makes improved pollinated variety be uniformly distributed among standing forest;
C) reconfiguration method: mainly take cortex grafting and side bark-grafting two kinds of remodeling methods, and to same transformation object can take single or mixing remodeling method carry out reconfiguration;
D) the reconfiguration time: select to carry out reconfiguration between annual April 1 to May 15.
The preferred embodiment of the invention is: on the basis of the above:
Described a) in the fringe bar that gathers require sprout full, without damage by disease and insect, rugosity 0.8-1.2cm;
Described c) in, described cortex grafting remodeling method comprises: cut scion, stock cuts, insert scion and tie up reconfiguration with plastic strip; Described side bark-grafting remodeling method comprises: select the cutting scion of certain radian, adopt the smooth place of stock bark to cut a "T"-shaped mouth, the bandy insertion scion of radian and sternly also use the reconfiguration method of plastic strip colligation with plastic film bag;
Described d) in, reconfiguration selection of time is between April 5 to April 25.
Embodiment 1: a kind of apocarya low production forest improvement method of the present invention, specifically:
A) pollinated variety is selected: select the choiceness examining (recognizing) fixed or scientific research institutions' seed selection through high quality tree species validation board at the provincial and ministerial level, the pollinated variety that can be configured with former main breed, gathers its fringe bar and refrigeration of sealing with wax is for subsequent use between January 1 to January 15;
B) ratio is transformed: the allocation ratio of pollinated variety is 18% of whole standing forest, and makes improved pollinated variety be uniformly distributed among standing forest;
C) reconfiguration method: the single remodeling method same transformation object being taked to cortex grafting;
D) the reconfiguration time: select to carry out reconfiguration between annual April 1 to April 15.
Embodiment 2: a kind of apocarya low production forest improvement method of the present invention, specifically:
A) pollinated variety is selected: select the choiceness examining (recognizing) fixed or scientific research institutions' seed selection through high quality tree species validation board at the provincial and ministerial level, the pollinated variety that can be configured with former main breed, gathers its fringe bar and refrigeration of sealing with wax is for subsequent use between February 15 to February 28;
B) ratio is transformed: the allocation ratio of pollinated variety is 22% of whole standing forest, and makes improved pollinated variety be uniformly distributed among standing forest;
C) reconfiguration method: single side bark-grafting remodeling method is taked to same transformation object;
D) the reconfiguration time: select to carry out reconfiguration between annual May 1 to May 15.
Embodiment 3:
A) pollinated variety is selected: select the choiceness examining (recognizing) fixed or scientific research institutions' seed selection through high quality tree species validation board at the provincial and ministerial level, the pollinated variety that can be configured with former main breed, gathers its fringe bar and refrigeration of sealing with wax is for subsequent use between 15-February 15 January;
B) ratio is transformed: the allocation ratio of pollinated variety is 20% of whole standing forest, and makes improved pollinated variety be uniformly distributed among standing forest;
C) reconfiguration method: cortex grafting and side bark-grafting two kinds mixing remodeling method are taked to same transformation object;
D) the reconfiguration time: select to carry out reconfiguration between annual April 10 to April 25.
The present invention uses and carries out height with the configurable pollinated variety of original cultivar and connect and change hat, reaches the effect of kind configuration, increases apocarya standing forest percentage of fertile fruit, thus improve forest land output; The present invention is applicable to China's apocarya cultural area, meets the demand of current China apocarya industry development.
Claims (2)
1. an apocarya low production forest improvement method, is characterized in that: described remodeling method comprises:
A) pollinated variety is selected: select the choiceness examining (recognizing) fixed or scientific research institutions' seed selection through high quality tree species validation board at the provincial and ministerial level, the pollinated variety that can be configured with former main breed, is gathering its fringe bar the 1-2 month and refrigeration of sealing with wax is for subsequent use;
B) ratio is transformed: the allocation ratio of pollinated variety is 18-22% of whole standing forest, and makes improved pollinated variety be uniformly distributed among standing forest;
C) reconfiguration method: mainly take cortex grafting and side bark-grafting two kinds of remodeling methods, and to same transformation object can take single or mixing remodeling method carry out reconfiguration;
D) the reconfiguration time: select to carry out reconfiguration between annual April 1 to May 15.
2. apocarya low production forest improvement method according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Described a) in the fringe bar that gathers require sprout full, without damage by disease and insect, rugosity 0.8-1.2cm;
Described c) in, described cortex grafting remodeling method comprises: cut scion, stock cuts, insert scion and tie up reconfiguration with plastic strip; Described side bark-grafting remodeling method comprises: select the cutting scion of certain radian, adopt the smooth place of stock bark to cut a "T"-shaped mouth, the bandy insertion scion of radian and sternly also use the reconfiguration method of plastic strip colligation with plastic film bag;
Described d) in, reconfiguration selection of time is between April 5 to April 25.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510739223.4A CN105474940A (en) | 2015-11-04 | 2015-11-04 | Pecan low production forest improvement method |
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| CN201510739223.4A CN105474940A (en) | 2015-11-04 | 2015-11-04 | Pecan low production forest improvement method |
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| CN105474940A true CN105474940A (en) | 2016-04-13 |
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| CN201510739223.4A Pending CN105474940A (en) | 2015-11-04 | 2015-11-04 | Pecan low production forest improvement method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106035075A (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2016-10-26 | 中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所 | Simple apocarya artificial supplementary pollination method |
Citations (6)
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| CN102144517A (en) * | 2010-12-24 | 2011-08-10 | 郧县清青农林科技有限公司 | Grafting method of superior walnut |
| CN102301919A (en) * | 2009-12-14 | 2012-01-04 | 高志平 | Technology for grafting old and inferior fruit trees |
| CN102613008A (en) * | 2012-03-15 | 2012-08-01 | 陶育照 | Walnut tree grafting method |
| CN102884947A (en) * | 2012-09-22 | 2013-01-23 | 郭瑞才 | High branch grafting pollination method |
| CN103461011A (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2013-12-25 | 陕西理工学院 | Quick and efficient fruit tree variety transformation technology |
| CN104542013A (en) * | 2015-02-12 | 2015-04-29 | 云南省林业科学院 | Method for grafting big juglans sigillata trees |
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2015
- 2015-11-04 CN CN201510739223.4A patent/CN105474940A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102301919A (en) * | 2009-12-14 | 2012-01-04 | 高志平 | Technology for grafting old and inferior fruit trees |
| CN102144517A (en) * | 2010-12-24 | 2011-08-10 | 郧县清青农林科技有限公司 | Grafting method of superior walnut |
| CN102613008A (en) * | 2012-03-15 | 2012-08-01 | 陶育照 | Walnut tree grafting method |
| CN102884947A (en) * | 2012-09-22 | 2013-01-23 | 郭瑞才 | High branch grafting pollination method |
| CN103461011A (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2013-12-25 | 陕西理工学院 | Quick and efficient fruit tree variety transformation technology |
| CN104542013A (en) * | 2015-02-12 | 2015-04-29 | 云南省林业科学院 | Method for grafting big juglans sigillata trees |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
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| 刘振岩等: "《山东果树》", 31 August 2000 * |
| 李瑞平等: "核桃低效林提质增效技术效果调研", 《河北林业科技》 * |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106035075A (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2016-10-26 | 中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所 | Simple apocarya artificial supplementary pollination method |
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Application publication date: 20160413 |