CN103704033B - Method for rapid propagation by grafting of syzygium samarangense - Google Patents
Method for rapid propagation by grafting of syzygium samarangense Download PDFInfo
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- CN103704033B CN103704033B CN201310744218.3A CN201310744218A CN103704033B CN 103704033 B CN103704033 B CN 103704033B CN 201310744218 A CN201310744218 A CN 201310744218A CN 103704033 B CN103704033 B CN 103704033B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for rapid propagation by grafting of syzygium samarangense. In the method, rose apple seedlings are used as grafting stocks, and used for inarching good syzygium samarangense stock plant branches which are not separated from stock plants, and rapid propagation of the seedlings of the syzygium samarangense is achieved through the steps of cultivating of rose apple stocks, and selecting, preparation, inarching and follow-up managing of the stock plants of the syzygium samarangense. The method does not need pre-cultivation of cutting seedlings of the syzygium samarangense, inarching is conducted between one stock plant of the syzygium samarangense and a plurality of rose apple container seedlings, and in an inarching process, the inarching branches of the syzygium samarangense are not separated from the stock plants, and a plurality of ephemeral grafting seedlings of the syzygium samarangense can be obtained after inarching is finished. Compared with a traditional grafting method, the method has the advantages of being rapid, easy and convenient to achieve, achieving a high survival rate (reaching 100%) and the like, and has a prompting effect on rapid propagation of the seedlings of the syzygium samarangense and popularization of good stocks.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to woody plant propagation by grafiting technical field, particularly relate to a kind of quick propagation by grafiting method of wax-apple.
Background technology
Wax-apple (Syzygium samarangense Merr. & Perry) has another name called wax jambo, Kingsoft Portugal, Myrtaceae syzygium species plant, tropical evergreen arbor, originates in Malaysia and India.Wax-apple tree performance is graceful, with luxuriant foliage and spreading branches in leafy profusion, and flower shape is beautiful, and fruit look bright-coloured, and flowering stage is long with the phase of bearing fruit, and ornamental value is higher, is the fine tree species of courtyard greening and subdistrict greening.The fast growth of wax-apple improved seeds, early, output is high, and fruit quality is good, nutritious, is also famous tropical fruit (tree) for result.All there is cultivation the provinces and regions such as China Taiwan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Fujian, wherein maximum with Taiwan area under cultivation.
Wax-apple improved seeds commonly use the method breedings such as cuttage, high pressure and grafting, wherein based on propagation by grafiting.Graft stock with nursery stocks such as wax-apple seedling and the Portugal belonged to together, Wu Mo, can adopt the methods such as traditional cut-grafting, side grafting, and scion needs to cut from wax-apple maternal plant in advance, and cuts into suitable shape, and graft survival rate is generally about 50 ~ 80%.Although higher as stock grafting survival rate using wax-apple seedling, wax-apple stock output is lower, is difficult to meet Production requirement.Portugal (Syzygium jambos (L.) Alston) is wax-apple congener, and seed amount is more, and seedling is deposited in nursery and Wild plant quantity is larger.Using Portugal as the stock of wax-apple, with budlet cut-grafting method as well, survival rate is the highest also only has 62% to existing grafting method.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide the quick propagation by grafiting method of the wax-apple that a kind of cultivation period is short, easy and simple to handle, graft survival rate is high.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention by the following technical solutions: the quick propagation by grafiting method of wax-apple, with Portugal seedling for graft stock, be abutted against with the excellent maternal plant branch of not in vitro wax-apple.
The quick propagation by grafiting method of above-mentioned wax-apple, comprises the following steps:
(1) Portugal stock is cultivated: in 3 ~ April, take the Portugal seedling of high 80 ~ 100cm, leading thread 0.6 ~ 1.0cm from nursery, be implanted in 15 × 20cm nutritious bag; Transplanting medium by volume, by 8 parts of fertile table soil, 2 parts of ash mixed preparing; Transplanting survival, after 2 ~ 3 months, uses as being abutted against stock;
(2) wax-apple maternal plant is selected and prepares: in the wax-apple improved seeds plant of life in 5 ~ 8 years, result more than 2 years, the plant that selection growing way is good, branch is low, the annual ripe branch in plant bottom is many is as grafting maternal plant; In 5 ~ June, to the moderate pruning of wax-apple maternal plant, extract the bud on the annual ripe branch in plant bottom in time;
(3) be abutted against: 6 ~ July, Portugal stock nutritious bag seedling is placed in below wax-apple maternal plant for subsequent use; Stock be abutted against position distance rootstock seedling base portion 30 ~ 40cm place; Annual in wax-apple plant bottom, healthy without on the ripe branch of damage by disease and insect, select to be abutted against position thickness with stock mutually nearby as being abutted against position; By ridging, measure such as pad brick etc., the height of adjustment stock nutritious bag seedling, make stock and wax-apple branch to be abutted against position height consistent; Along shoot growth direction, stock and scion branch are pressed close to; Be abutted against position at both, respectively cut out one and be abutted against angle, the long 5 ~ 7cm of interface, dark and xylem; Two otch alignment, and aim at and form layer, makes it engage each other, and with plastic tape colligation grafting mouth;
(4) follow-up management: the logical straight bamboo pole inserting 1 diameter 1 ~ 2cm, height 100 ~ 120cm in stock nutritious bag, as supporter, is abutted against branch stock branch and wax-apple and is jointly fixed on bamboo pole; Timely excision wax-apple is abutted against the bud on branch, the anvil tiller of erasing on stock; Be abutted against latter 40 ~ 45 days, when joint swells, wax-apple branch cut off below graft union, stock branch is cut off above graft union; Prune scion afterbody branches and leaves, retain 10 ~ 15cm long shoot bar and 3 ~ 4 pairs of blades; The binding strap of in good time releasing interface.
Abut against between a strain wax-apple maternal plant and most Portugal container seedling and carry out, be abutted against in process, it is not in vitro that wax-apple is abutted against branch.
Yield poorly for wax-apple stock in current wax-apple propagation by grafiting and the low problem of Portugal stock grafting survival rate, we have established a kind of quick propagation by grafiting method of wax-apple, this method with Portugal seedling for graft stock, be abutted against with the excellent maternal plant branch of not in vitro wax-apple, cultivated by Portugal stock, wax-apple maternal plant selects and prepare, be abutted against and the step such as follow-up management, achieve wax-apple seedling Fast-propagation.This method does not need to cultivate wax-apple cuttage seeding in advance, abuts against between a strain wax-apple maternal plant and most Portugal container seedling and carries out, be abutted against in process, and it is not in vitro that wax-apple is abutted against branch, can obtain the annual wax-apple grafting of many strains after being abutted against simultaneously.
Compared with traditional grafting method, the present invention has following outstanding feature, promotes have facilitation for wax-apple seedling Fast-propagation and improved seeds.
(1) graft survival rate is high.According to the inventive method operation, graft survival rate is up to 100%, higher by more than 40% than the survival rate of other wax-apples and Portugal heteroplastic graft method.
(2) cultivation period of grafting is short.Using the Portugal seedling of transplanting survival as stock, carry out not in vitro being abutted against with wax-apple maternal plant branch existing in nursery, only need within 6-7 month, just can obtain grafting.
(3) easy and simple to handle, easy to learn.Compared with other grafting methods, inarching method for the cutting of scion and grafting mouth and articulation requirements tight, simple and convenient and easy to study, be beneficial to popularization.
Embodiment
By the following examples the quick propagation by grafiting method of wax-apple of the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
On March 10th, 2011, transplant the Portugal seedling of high 80 ~ 100cm, leading thread 0.6 ~ 1cm from nursery band mass of soil, move into 15 × 20cm plastic nutritional bag, transplanting medium is by volume by 8 parts of fertile table soil, 2 parts of ash mixed preparing.On June 11st, 2011, select life in 5 years, result 2 years, growing way is good, branch is low, improved seeds wax-apple plant that the annual ripe branch in plant bottom is many is as grafting maternal plant; Moderate pruning, extracts the bud on the annual ripe branch in plant bottom.30 strain Portugal stock nutritious bag seedlings are placed in respectively the below of 3 strain wax-apple maternal plants, make it to be abutted against with wax-apple maternal plant branch.Concrete operations are as follows: stock is abutted against position apart from its base portion 30 ~ 40cm place, with the diameter of this place's branch of stock for standard, annual in wax-apple maternal plant bottom, healthy without on the ripe branch of damage by disease and insect, select thickness mutually nearby as being abutted against position.Pad brick regulates the height of stock nutritious bag seedling, make stock and wax-apple branch to be abutted against position height consistent.Press close to along shoot growth steering handle stock and scion branch, respectively cut out one be abutted against angle at both positions of being abutted against, the long 5 ~ 7cm of interface, dark and xylem; Two otch alignment, and aim at and form layer, makes it engage each other, and with plastic tape colligation grafting mouth.In stock nutritious bag, insert the logical straight bamboo pole of 1 diameter 1 ~ 2cm, height 100 ~ 120cm, as supporter, stock branch and wax-apple are abutted against branch and are jointly fixed on bamboo pole.Notice that excision wax-apple is abutted against the bud on branch, the anvil tiller of erasing on stock.On July 25th, 2012, grafting checked after 45 days, and joint swells, and the healing of grafting mouth is good.Stock epimere and scion hypomere is cut off respectively at graft union; Prune scion afterbody branches and leaves, retain 10 ~ 15cm long shoot bar and 3 ~ 4 pairs of blades; On August 9th, 2012, within 15 days, remove the plastic tape of colligation after cutting anvil, investigation survival rate, 30 strains all survive, and graft survival rate reaches 100%.
Embodiment 2
On March 21st, 2011, transplant the Portugal seedling of high 80 ~ 100cm, leading thread 0.6 ~ 1cm from nursery band mass of soil, move into 15 × 20cm plastic nutritional bag, transplanting medium is by volume by 8 parts of fertile table soil, 2 parts of ash mixed preparing.On June 18th, 2011, select life in 6 years, result 3 years, growing way is good, branch is low, improved seeds wax-apple plant that the annual ripe branch in plant bottom is many is as grafting maternal plant; Moderate pruning, extracts the bud on the annual ripe branch in plant bottom.30 strain Portugal stock nutritious bag seedlings are placed in respectively the below of 3 strain, 6 years raw wax-apple maternal plants, make it to be abutted against with wax-apple maternal plant branch.Concrete operations are as follows: stock is abutted against position apart from its base portion 30 ~ 40cm place, with the diameter of this place's branch of stock for standard, annual in wax-apple maternal plant bottom, healthy without on the ripe branch of damage by disease and insect, select thickness mutually nearby as being abutted against position.Pad brick regulates the height of stock nutritious bag seedling, make stock and wax-apple branch to be abutted against position height consistent.Press close to along shoot growth steering handle stock and scion branch, respectively cut out one be abutted against angle at both positions of being abutted against, the long 5 ~ 7cm of interface, dark and xylem; Two otch alignment, and aim at and form layer, makes it engage each other, and with plastic tape colligation grafting mouth.In stock nutritious bag, insert the logical straight bamboo pole of 1 diameter 1 ~ 2cm, height 100 ~ 120cm, as supporter, stock branch and wax-apple are abutted against branch and are jointly fixed on bamboo pole.Notice that excision wax-apple is abutted against the bud on branch, the anvil tiller of erasing on stock.On July 31st, 2012, grafting checked after 43 days, and joint swells, and the healing of grafting mouth is good.Stock epimere and scion hypomere is cut off respectively at graft union; Prune scion afterbody branches and leaves, retain 10 ~ 15cm long shoot bar and 3 ~ 4 pairs of blades; On August 15th, 2012, within 15 days, remove the plastic tape of colligation after cutting anvil, investigation survival rate, 30 strains all survive, and graft survival rate reaches 100%.
Embodiment 3
On April 27th, 2011, transplant the Portugal seedling of high 80 ~ 100cm, leading thread 0.6 ~ 1cm from nursery band mass of soil, move into 15 × 20cm plastic nutritional bag, transplanting medium is by volume by 8 parts of fertile table soil, 2 parts of ash mixed preparing.On July 16th, 2011, select life in 7 ~ 8 years, result more than 4 years, growing way is good, branch is low, improved seeds wax-apple plant that the annual ripe branch in plant bottom is many is as grafting maternal plant; Moderate pruning, extracts the bud on the annual ripe branch in plant bottom.30 strain Portugal stock nutritious bag seedlings are placed in respectively the below of the raw wax-apple maternal plant of 2 strain 7-8, make it to be abutted against with wax-apple maternal plant branch.Concrete operations are as follows: stock is abutted against position apart from its base portion 30 ~ 40cm place, with the diameter of this place's branch of stock for standard, annual in wax-apple maternal plant bottom, healthy without on the ripe branch of damage by disease and insect, select thickness mutually nearby as being abutted against position.By earthing up and padding the height that brick regulates stock nutritious bag seedling, make stock and wax-apple branch to be abutted against position height consistent.Press close to along shoot growth steering handle stock and scion branch, respectively cut out one be abutted against angle at both positions of being abutted against, the long 5 ~ 7cm of interface, dark and xylem; Two otch alignment, and aim at and form layer, makes it engage each other, and with plastic tape colligation grafting mouth.In stock nutritious bag, insert the logical straight bamboo pole of 1 diameter 1 ~ 2cm, height 100 ~ 120cm, as supporter, stock branch and wax-apple are abutted against branch and are jointly fixed on bamboo pole.Notice that excision wax-apple is abutted against the bud on branch, the anvil tiller of erasing on stock.On August 25th, 2012, grafting checked after 40 days, and joint swells, and the healing of grafting mouth is good.Stock epimere and scion hypomere is cut off respectively at graft union; Prune scion afterbody branches and leaves, retain 10 ~ 15cm long shoot bar and 3 ~ 4 pairs of blades; On September 9th, 2012, within 15 days, remove the plastic tape of colligation after cutting anvil, investigation survival rate, 30 strains all survive, and graft survival rate reaches 100%.
Claims (2)
1. a quick propagation by grafiting method for wax-apple, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) Portugal stock is cultivated: in 3 ~ April, take the Portugal seedling of high 80 ~ 100cm, leading thread 0.6 ~ 1.0cm from nursery, be implanted in 15 × 20cm nutritious bag; Transplanting medium by volume, by 8 parts of fertile table soil, 2 parts of ash mixed preparing; Transplanting survival, after 2 ~ 3 months, uses as being abutted against stock;
(2) wax-apple maternal plant is selected and prepares: in the wax-apple improved seeds plant of life in 5 ~ 8 years, result more than 2 years, the plant that selection growing way is good, branch is low, the annual ripe branch in plant bottom is many is as grafting maternal plant; In 5 ~ June, to the moderate pruning of wax-apple maternal plant, extract the bud on the annual ripe branch in plant bottom in time;
(3) be abutted against: 6 ~ July, Portugal stock nutritious bag seedling is placed in below wax-apple maternal plant for subsequent use; Stock be abutted against position distance rootstock seedling base portion 30 ~ 40cm place; Annual in wax-apple plant bottom, healthy without on the ripe branch of damage by disease and insect, select to be abutted against position thickness with stock mutually nearby as being abutted against position; By ridging, pad brick measure, the height of adjustment stock nutritious bag seedling, make stock and wax-apple branch to be abutted against position height consistent; Along shoot growth direction, stock and scion branch are pressed close to; Be abutted against position at both, respectively cut out one and be abutted against angle, the long 5 ~ 7cm of interface, dark and xylem; Two otch alignment, and aim at and form layer, makes it engage each other, and with plastic tape colligation grafting mouth;
(4) follow-up management: the logical straight bamboo pole inserting 1 diameter 1 ~ 2cm, height 100 ~ 120cm in stock nutritious bag, as supporter, is abutted against branch stock branch and wax-apple and is jointly fixed on bamboo pole; Timely excision wax-apple is abutted against the bud on branch, the anvil tiller of erasing on stock; Be abutted against latter 40 ~ 45 days, when joint swells, wax-apple branch cut off below graft union, stock branch is cut off above graft union; Prune scion afterbody branches and leaves, retain 10 ~ 15cm long shoot bar and 3 ~ 4 pairs of blades; The binding strap of in good time releasing interface.
2. the quick propagation by grafiting method of wax-apple according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described in abut against between a strain wax-apple maternal plant and most Portugal container seedling and carry out, be abutted against in process, it is not in vitro that wax-apple is abutted against branch.
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| CN107593143A (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2018-01-19 | 郑德剑 | Open form pruning method in a kind of wax-apple |
| CN107624400A (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2018-01-26 | 郑德剑 | A kind of wax-apple grafting seedlings-growing method |
| CN106416760A (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2017-02-22 | 防城港市天红农业科技有限责任公司 | Quick grafting propagation method for syzygium samarangense |
| CN106376361A (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2017-02-08 | 防城港市天红农业科技有限责任公司 | Cuttage grafting propagation method for wax apple |
| CN111802158A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2020-10-23 | 广西壮族自治区亚热带作物研究所（广西亚热带农产品加工研究所） | Method for rapidly producing large-size fruit tree seedlings |
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Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
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| "全红"番石榴优质高产栽培要点;洪少婷、刘春冬;《现代园艺》;20121231(第11期);第24-25页 * |
| 台湾水晶无籽芭乐引种栽培;姚必根;《广西热带农业》;20051231(第2期);第27-28页 * |
| 台湾芭乐靠接繁育技术;陈晖津;《福建农业》;20031231(第5期);第11页 * |
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