CN103141312A - Grafting and seedling raising method for European hornbeam - Google Patents
Grafting and seedling raising method for European hornbeam Download PDFInfo
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- CN103141312A CN103141312A CN2013101146881A CN201310114688A CN103141312A CN 103141312 A CN103141312 A CN 103141312A CN 2013101146881 A CN2013101146881 A CN 2013101146881A CN 201310114688 A CN201310114688 A CN 201310114688A CN 103141312 A CN103141312 A CN 103141312A
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Abstract
The invention provides a grafting and seedling raising method for European hornbeam, which comprises the following steps: (1) the selection and manufacture of cions; (2) the selection and chopping of stock; (3) the combination and binding of the stock and the cions; and (4) the management of grafted seedlings. The method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that (1) the good ornamental character of the European hornbeam is retained; (2) the grafting survival rate achieves more than 90% which is 30-50% higher than the cuttage survival rate; and (3) the grafting stock is easy to obtain, the growing speed of the grafted seedlings is high, and the adaptability is strong. The grafting and seedling raising method is easy to operate, the propagation coefficient is high, and the method has a great significance on seedling raising, breeding and production.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of woody plant propagation method, and what be specifically related to is a kind of Carpinus betulus grafting seedlings-growing method.
Background technology
Carpinus betulus (
Carpinus betulus) have another name called Western carpinus cardata, be Betulaceae Carpinus deciduous tree; Its tree crown is turriform, be thick with leaves, quality is fine and smooth, the color aspect changes abundant; It is the good material that street, large-scale greenery patches are central and turn the four sides green; Carpinus betulus plasticity is larger, can form various moulding by artificial shaping; Many countries and regions are as street tree, the extensively plantation application of garden tree in Europe.Carpinus betulus can be bred by propagation methods such as sowing, cuttage, graftings.Seed propagation, its seed need will collect in full maturity not, and can not be dry, must carry out the lamination storage, and after storage, germination rate is still very low.Cottage propagation, its difficulty of taking root, and specification requirement is higher, by yellow, colligation, and growth hormone process the plugged ear of collecting on maternal plant, carried out cuttage in 3 months after rudiment also can only obtain 75% rooting rate, be difficult to realize that with cottage propagation industrialization grows seedlings.The nursery stock of Carpinus betulus propagation by grafiting is except keeping the maternal plant merit, its graft seedling growth survival rate is higher more than 25% than cottage propagation survival rate, fast 2 ~ 3 times than seedling of seedling growth speed, operating technology is convenient, can improve resistance and the adaptability of nursery stock by grafting.
Summary of the invention
What the present invention proposed is a kind of Carpinus betulus grafting seedlings-growing method, and its purpose is intended to make up the deficiency of existing seedling growing process.Have the characteristics such as propagation by grafiting easy and simple to handle, as to keep maternal plant merit and expanding propagation coefficient.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: the method step that specifically comprises has:
1) selection of scion and making: gather the branch that the Carpinus betulus butt is sprouted; Branch is cut into 6 ~ 7cm long, is with 2 ~ 3 buds as scion, be placed in clear water.During grafting, with grafting knife, the bottom of scion is whittled into wedge shape.Standby;
2) selection of stock with cut anvil: select robust growth, without 1 ~ 2 year living seedling of national carpinus turczaninowii of damage by disease and insect as stock; During grafting, stock is cut off apart from 6 ~ 8cm place, ground, be whittled into the plane, then at the downward vertical cut in xylem edge.Stand-by;
3) combination of stock and scion and colligation: the stock otch of the scion inserting step (2) in step (1), then use transparent plastic film tape tight in binding site colligation from bottom to top;
4) management of grafting: became biopsy after grafting on the 15th day, the skin of scion and bud keep fresh or bud is sprouted to come into leaves and shown and survive.Graft survival rate reaches more than 90%.In time wipe out the new branch of sprouting and the new sprout tillers branch of growing of root on graft stock, prevent from affecting nutrition supply and the growth of scion.The scion sprout growth was removed the colligation of plastic film in 50 ~ 60 days afterwards, some windproof barriers was set on every side simultaneously, in order to avoid scion is by windbreak.Between the grafting healing stage, air and ground moistening should be kept, normal weeding, fertilizing management can be carried out after grafting survives.
Advantage of the present invention is: 1, use grafting seedlings-growing method of the present invention can keep the good fancy points of Carpinus betulus maternal plant, the breeding cycle is short, and seedling growth speed is fast, is the approach of Carpinus betulus vegetative propagation the best; 2, use grafting seedlings-growing method of the present invention to compare with seed propagation, growing-seedling period is short, and seedling growth speed is than fast 2 ~ 3 times of the seedling of sowing.Graft seedling growth survives and reaches more than 90%, and higher by 30 ~ 50% than cuttage and seedling culture survival rate, graft stock easily obtains, and graft seedling growth is with low cost, does not need complicated cuttage and seedling culture equipment, and operating technology is also convenient.The grafting fast growth is grown vigorous season, and more than a month high growth reached 10cm, fast 4 ~ 5 times than cuttage seeding, the resistance of plant and adaptability were also stronger.Have important practice and dissemination in the production of Carpinus betulus seedling propagation.
Embodiment
A kind of Carpinus betulus grafting seedlings-growing method comprises the steps:
1) selection of scion and making: gather the branch that the Carpinus betulus butt is sprouted; Branch is cut into 6 ~ 7cm long, is with 2 ~ 3 buds as scion, be placed in clear water; During grafting, with grafting knife, the bottom of scion is whittled into wedge shape; Standby;
2) selection of stock with cut anvil: select robust growth, without 1 ~ 2 year living seedling of national carpinus turczaninowii of damage by disease and insect as stock; During grafting, stock is cut off apart from 6 ~ 8cm place, ground, be whittled into the plane, then at the downward vertical cut in xylem edge; Stand-by;
3) combination of stock and scion and colligation: the scion inserting step 2 in step 1)) the stock otch, then use transparent plastic film tape tight in binding site colligation from bottom to top;
4) management of grafting: became biopsy after grafting on the 15th day, the skin of scion and bud keep fresh or bud is sprouted to come into leaves and shown and survive; Graft survival rate reaches more than 90%; In time wipe out the new branch of sprouting and the new sprout tillers branch of growing of root on graft stock, prevent from affecting nutrition supply and the growth of scion.The scion sprout growth was removed the colligation of plastic film in 50 ~ 60 days afterwards, some windproof barriers was set on every side simultaneously, in order to avoid scion is by windbreak; Between the grafting healing stage, air and ground moistening should be kept, normal weeding, fertilizing management can be carried out after grafting survives.
Described step 1) described summer on the breeding Carpinus betulus elite stand of robust growth, the more and full descendant row culture scion of 1 year body of sprouting of enriching in the growth of butt clip; This fringe bar nutritional sufficiency, maturity is high, and after grafting, the nursery stock growing way is better; Cutting when getting of scion when stock is suitable with the scion thickness, is whittled into the both sides of scion base portion the wedge shape of 2.5 ~ 3.5cm length; If stock is thicker than scion, scion is whittled into the long wedge shape of 2.5 ~ 3.5cm in the back side of bud bottom, be whittled into the wedge shape of 1cm left and right in the bud lower end, the scion of cutting should be " one " font bottom; Attention is before often cutting a scion, and grafting knife is once wetting in pure water, then dries water residual on blade with disposable tissues, reduces the probability of the infection of germ.
Described step 2) described selection robust growth, without damage by disease and insect national carpinus turczaninowii 1 ~ 2 year dried rhizome of rehmannia footpath be that 1 ~ 2cm seedling is made stock; Stock is cut off apart from 6 ~ 8cm place, ground, be whittled into the plane, then avoid the position of side shoot, at the downward vertical cut in the edge of xylem, kerf width equals the diameter of scion, and the degree of depth is 3 ~ 4cm, requires a cutter to complete, and is conducive to the organization healing growth; Before often cutting a stock, grafting knife is once wetting in pure water, then dries water residual on blade with disposable tissues, reduces the probability of the infection of germ.
When the described scion of the step 3) that the people state is identical with the stock rugosity, the stock otch is directly inserted in scion, until the bottom makes scion and stock form layer and mutually aims at snap; When stock and scion thickness do not wait, the large tangent plane of scion is aimed at the formation layer in the outside of stock, be conducive to formation and the healing of callus between anvil, fringe; The plastic film tape of institute's colligation will have elasticity, up is wound around successively from the hypomere of binding site during colligation, and attention will be tightened, and in practice, the scion top is wrapped up better effects if.
Embodiment 1
(1) selection of scion and making: summer is on the breeding Carpinus betulus elite stand of robust growth, in the substantial more and full descendant row culture scion of 1 year body of sprouting of butt clip growth.Branch is cut into 6cm long, is with 2 buds as scion, be placed in clear water.During grafting, the both sides of scion base portion are whittled into the wedge shape of 3.0cm length, standby.
(2) selection of stock with cut anvil: select robust growth, without damage by disease and insect national carpinus turczaninowii 1 year dried rhizome of rehmannia footpath be that the 1.5cm seedling is made stock; Stock is cut off apart from 6cm place, ground, be whittled into the plane, then avoid the position of side shoot, at the downward vertical cut in the edge of xylem, kerf width equals the diameter of scion, and the degree of depth is 3cm, requires a cutter to complete, and is conducive to the organization healing growth.Stand-by.
(3) combination of stock and scion and colligation: the stock otch is directly inserted in scion, until the bottom makes scion and stock form layer and mutually aims at snap, then up be wound around successively with the hypomere of flexible plastic film tape from binding site, until colligation is tight.
(4) management of grafting: became biopsy after grafting on the 15th day, the skin of scion and bud keep fresh or bud is sprouted to come into leaves and shown and survive.In time wipe out the new branch of sprouting and the new sprout tillers branch of growing of root on graft stock, prevent from affecting nutrition supply and the growth of scion.The scion sprout growth was removed the colligation of plastic film in 50 ~ 60 days afterwards, some windproof barriers was set on every side simultaneously, in order to avoid scion is by windbreak.Between the grafting healing stage, air and ground moistening should be kept, normal weeding, fertilizing management can be carried out after grafting survives.Reach 91.5% with the method graft survival rate.
Embodiment 2
(1) selection of scion and making: summer is on the breeding Carpinus betulus elite stand of robust growth, in the substantial more and full descendant row culture scion of 1 year body of sprouting of butt clip growth.Branch is cut into 6.5cm long, is with 2 buds as scion, be placed in clear water.During grafting, scion is whittled into the long wedge shape of 3.5cm in the back side of bud bottom, is whittled into the wedge shape of 1cm left and right in the bud lower end, the scion of cutting is " one " font bottom.Standby.
(2) selection of stock with cut anvil: select robust growth, without damage by disease and insect national carpinus turczaninowii 1 year dried rhizome of rehmannia footpath be that the 1.5cm seedling is made stock; Stock is cut off apart from 6cm place, ground, be whittled into the plane, then avoid the position of side shoot, at the downward vertical cut in the edge of xylem, kerf width equals the diameter of scion, and the degree of depth is 3cm, requires a cutter to complete, and is conducive to the organization healing growth.Stand-by.
(3) combination and the colligation of stock and scion: the large tangent plane of scion is aimed at the formation layer in the outside of stock, directly inserted the stock otch, until then the bottom up is wound around with the hypomere of flexible plastic film tape from binding site, successively until colligation is tight.
(4) management of grafting: became biopsy after grafting on the 15th day, the skin of scion and bud keep fresh or bud is sprouted to come into leaves and shown and survive.In time wipe out the new branch of sprouting and the new sprout tillers branch of growing of root on graft stock, prevent from affecting nutrition supply and the growth of scion.The scion sprout growth was removed the colligation of plastic film in 50 ~ 60 days afterwards, some windproof barriers was set on every side simultaneously, in order to avoid scion is by windbreak.Between the grafting healing stage, air and ground moistening should be kept, normal weeding, fertilizing management can be carried out after grafting survives.Reach 93.7% with the method graft survival rate.
Embodiment 3
(1) selection of scion and making: summer is on the breeding Carpinus betulus elite stand of robust growth, in the substantial more and full descendant row culture scion of 1 year body of sprouting of butt clip growth.Branch is cut into 7cm long, is with 3 buds as scion, be placed in clear water.During grafting, the both sides of scion base portion are whittled into the wedge shape of 3.0cm length, standby.
(2) selection of stock with cut anvil: select robust growth, without damage by disease and insect national carpinus turczaninowii 2 years dried rhizome of rehmannia footpath be that the 2.0cm seedling is made stock; Stock is cut off apart from 7cm place, ground, be whittled into the plane, then avoid the position of side shoot, at the downward vertical cut in the edge of xylem, kerf width equals the diameter of scion, and the degree of depth is 4cm, requires a cutter to complete, and is conducive to the organization healing growth.Stand-by.
(3) combination of stock and scion and colligation: the stock otch is directly inserted in scion, until the bottom makes scion and stock form layer and mutually aims at snap, then up be wound around successively with the hypomere of flexible plastic film tape from binding site, until colligation is tight.
(4) management of grafting: became biopsy after grafting on the 15th day, the skin of scion and bud keep fresh or bud is sprouted to come into leaves and shown and survive.In time wipe out the new branch of sprouting and the new sprout tillers branch of growing of root on graft stock, prevent from affecting nutrition supply and the growth of scion.The scion sprout growth was removed the colligation of plastic film in 50 ~ 60 days afterwards, some windproof barriers was set on every side simultaneously, in order to avoid scion is by windbreak.Between the grafting healing stage, air and ground moistening should be kept, normal weeding, fertilizing management can be carried out after grafting survives.Reach 96.5% with the method graft survival rate.
The above is better embodiment of the present invention.Be noted that for those skilled in the art person, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention, can also make the technical scheme of equivalence, within all dropping on protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a Carpinus betulus grafting seedlings-growing method, is characterized in that the method comprises the steps:
1) selection of scion and making: gather the branch that the Carpinus betulus butt is sprouted; Branch is cut into 6 ~ 7cm long, is with 2 ~ 3 buds as scion, be placed in clear water; During grafting, with grafting knife, the bottom of scion is whittled into wedge shape; Standby;
2) selection of stock with cut anvil: select robust growth, without 1 ~ 2 year living seedling of national carpinus turczaninowii of damage by disease and insect as stock; During grafting, stock is cut off apart from 6 ~ 8cm place, ground, be whittled into the plane, then at the downward vertical cut in xylem edge; Stand-by;
3) combination of stock and scion and colligation: the scion inserting step 2 in step 1)) the stock otch, then use transparent plastic film tape tight in binding site colligation from bottom to top;
4) management of grafting: became biopsy after grafting on the 15th day, the skin of scion and bud keep fresh or bud is sprouted to come into leaves and shown and survive; Graft survival rate reaches more than 90%; In time wipe out the new branch of sprouting and the new sprout tillers branch of growing of root on graft stock, prevent from affecting nutrition supply and the growth of scion; The scion sprout growth was removed the colligation of plastic film in 50 ~ 60 days afterwards, around it, some windproof barriers was set, in order to avoid scion is by windbreak; Between the grafting healing stage, air and ground moistening should be kept, normal weeding, fertilizing management can be carried out after grafting survives.
2. according to Carpinus betulus grafting seedlings-growing method claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: step 1) described summer on the breeding Carpinus betulus elite stand of robust growth, the more and full descendant row culture scion of 1 year body of sprouting of enriching in the growth of butt clip; This fringe bar nutritional sufficiency, maturity is high, and after grafting, the nursery stock growing way is better; Cutting when getting of scion, if stock is suitable with the scion thickness, the both sides with the scion base portion are whittled into the long wedge shape of 2.5 ~ 3.5cm; If stock is thicker than scion, scion is whittled into the long wedge shape of 2.5 ~ 3.5cm in the back side of bud bottom, be whittled into the wedge shape of 1cm left and right in the bud lower end, the scion of cutting should be " one " font bottom; Attention is before often cutting a scion, and grafting knife is once wetting in pure water, then dries water residual on blade with disposable tissues, reduces the probability of the infection of germ.
3. according to Carpinus betulus grafting seedlings-growing method claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: step 2) described selection robust growth, be that 1 ~ 2cm seedling is made stock without the national carpinus turczaninowii of damage by disease and insect 1 ~ 2 year dried rhizome of rehmannia footpath; Stock is cut off apart from 6 ~ 8cm place, ground, be whittled into the plane, then avoid the position of side shoot, at the downward vertical cut in the edge of xylem, kerf width equals the diameter of scion, and the degree of depth is 3 ~ 4cm, requires a cutter to complete, and is conducive to the organization healing growth; Before often cutting a stock, grafting knife is once wetting in pure water, then dries water residual on blade with disposable tissues, reduces the probability of the infection of germ.
4. according to Carpinus betulus grafting seedlings-growing method claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: when the described scion of step 3) is identical with the stock rugosity, the stock otch is directly inserted in scion, until the bottom makes scion and stock form layer and mutually aims at snap; When stock and scion thickness do not wait, the large tangent plane of scion is aimed at the formation layer in the outside of stock, be conducive to formation and the healing of callus between anvil, fringe; The plastic film tape of institute's colligation will have elasticity, up is wound around successively from the hypomere of binding site during colligation, and attention will be tightened, and in practice, the scion top is wrapped up better effects if.
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| CN104855258A (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2015-08-26 | 南京林业大学 | Hormone treatment method for improving water culture rooting of carpinus betulus |
| CN104956976A (en) * | 2015-05-21 | 2015-10-07 | 台州学院 | Artificial multiplication method for carpinus tientaiensis |
| CN106613363A (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2017-05-10 | 山东省林业科学研究院 | Cultural method for umbrella-type locust transplanted to street tree |
| CN109105019A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2019-01-01 | 云南省德宏热带农业科学研究所 | A kind of Moringa engrafting method |
| CN115474503A (en) * | 2022-10-11 | 2022-12-16 | 湖北良品农业科技开发有限公司 | Method for rapidly propagating and cultivating ornamental seedlings by long-cut-face double-grafting and cuttage |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104855258A (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2015-08-26 | 南京林业大学 | Hormone treatment method for improving water culture rooting of carpinus betulus |
| CN104956976A (en) * | 2015-05-21 | 2015-10-07 | 台州学院 | Artificial multiplication method for carpinus tientaiensis |
| CN106613363A (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2017-05-10 | 山东省林业科学研究院 | Cultural method for umbrella-type locust transplanted to street tree |
| CN109105019A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2019-01-01 | 云南省德宏热带农业科学研究所 | A kind of Moringa engrafting method |
| CN115474503A (en) * | 2022-10-11 | 2022-12-16 | 湖北良品农业科技开发有限公司 | Method for rapidly propagating and cultivating ornamental seedlings by long-cut-face double-grafting and cuttage |
| CN115474503B (en) * | 2022-10-11 | 2023-09-05 | 湖北良品农业科技开发有限公司 | Method for cultivating ornamental seedlings by double-binding combined cutting for long cutting surface |
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Application publication date: 20130612 |